UA85392C2 - Method for mass utilization of cartridges and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to ammunition, in particular to technology of mass utilization of cartridges having gone out of use. A method for mass utilization of cartridges comprising shell as cylindrical body with powder charge, bottom with capsule and mouth in which bullet that goes out is fixed includes placement of cartridges on first rotary rotor conveyor in zone of loading, displacement of cartridges to zone of extraction of bullets, separation of bullets from shells and removal of powder from shells, at that placed on first rotary rotor conveyor cartridges in turn are given to the second rotary rotor conveyor by means of which cartridges are in turn carried through zone of bullet extraction where the shells are emptied with removal of bullets and in turn are given to the third rotary rotor conveyor by means of which those are displaced to zone of removal of powder where the shells are turned with bottom up and powder is taken out, in turns they are transferred to the fourth rotary rotor conveyor by means of which the shells are in turn moved to zone of inactivation of shells where capsules are in sequence neutralized, and the shells free from bullets, powder and with neutralized capsules are moved to zone of unloading and unloaded. A device for realization of the method is disclosed. The invention provides possibility of processing up to 15 thousands of fire-arm cartridges per hour.

Description

the second rotary conveyor is connected to the capsule. bullet shooter 16. The device according to p. 15, which is characterized by the fact that 12. The device according to p. 10, which is characterized by the fact that the fourth rotary conveyor is equipped every third rotary conveyor is connected to the assembly with at least one device for registering the signal of dry powder. combustion capsule. 13. The device according to item 12, which is characterized by the fact that 17. The device according to item 16, which is characterized by the fact that the dry powder collector is made in the form of a transport device for recording the combustion signal, a selector capsule with powder accumulators, limited groups of devices, including the carrier device. registration of the acoustic wave signal from combustion 14. The device according to item 10, which is characterized by the fact that the capsule, the light flash registration device, the third rotary conveyor is connected to the capsule combustion unit, the device for registering gas dehumidification of gunpowder and the collector of moistened poronamic impact from combustion capsule huh 18. The device according to item 10, which is characterized by the fact that 15. The device according to item 10, which is characterized by the fact that the fourth rotary conveyor is equipped with a capsule neutralizer made in the form of an impact accumulator of neutralized sleeves and accumulators of the mechanism with a striker for impact impact on potentially not neutralized cartridges.

The invention belongs to weapon technology, registration No. Мо2122706, publ. 11/27/1998| cartridges in turn rem to the technology of mass disposal of cartridges, placed on a rotating rotary transport- went out of use. tery in the loading zone, then alternately

Utilization of cartridges, under which cartridges are stored in the bullet extraction zone, the invention is understood as unitary small cartridges and bullets are separated from the casings by sequential deformation of the average calibers of the rifle and cannon muzzles of the casing when applied to the top of the weapon bullet, is a very urgent task. The constant transverse force and the application of axial force is the need to dispose of a large number of cartridges, the load on the bullet, after which they remove and extract some of which become unusable due to the discharge of powder from the casing, and the casings are unloaded. expiration date, others have become unusable due to external influences, and the third ones are intended for obsolete or retired weapons, etc. protractor with a set of clips for sleeves, ext.

In the patent of the Russian Federation Mo2181188, publ. 04/10/2002, bullet reactor, a grate for separating bullets from gunpowder and a method of processing rifle cartridges, bullet and gunpowder accumulators is described. containing a cylindrical sleeve in the form of a cylindrical- For this known method and device, a characteristic case with a powder charge, a bottom, which does not have the same disadvantages as for the previously described analogue, a capsule is installed, and a socket in which it is fixed, with the only difference that the time spent on the extension of the outwardly projecting ball, which includes the alternating action of the ball in this case, is even greater. The task of the present invention is to create a high-speed conveyor in the loading zone, alternately productive method for the processing of shooting ammunition placement in the extraction zone of bullets, cartridges and a device for its implementation. removal of bullets from casings by destroying the socket. The task is solved by the fact that the casings, when applied to the top of the bullet, prevent the mass disposal of cartridges that contain the casing under the force of force, extraction and removal of gunpowder from the sleeve-shaped cylindrical body with a powder magazine and unloading cartridges. house, a bottom with a capsule and a socket in which the

The device for the implementation of this method contains an outwardly protruding bullet, includes a rotatable cartridge holder on the first rotating rotary conveyor with a set of clips for cartridges, an ex-transporter in the loading area, moving the reactor of bullets, a grid for separating bullets from gunpowder and cartridges to the bullet extraction zone, separation of bullets from the accumulator of bullets and gunpowder. casings, and the release of casings from gunpowder, placed on

The main disadvantage of this method and of this one with the first rotary rotary conveyor belt is that the mechanical destruction of the throne is transmitted in turn to the second rotating sleeve sleeve due to the fact that at the point of rupture the rotary conveyor, with the help of which metal its local heating takes place, which is alternately transported through the extraction zone, which can lead to the ignition of gunpowder particles, which bullets, where the casings are freed from bullets and alternately are in the immediate vicinity, and the shot is given to the third rotating rotary conveyor, ammunition. The degree of local heating by means of which they are moved to the release zone, the greater the speed of this operation, the firing of gunpowder, where the cartridges are turned over with the bottom, in connection with which this speed must be limited and freed from gunpowder and alternately transferred in such a way as to exclude the possibility of danger - the fourth rotating rotary conveyor, due to local heating, which can lead to the ignition of gunpowder. Limiting the speed of the ex- zone of disposal of casings, where successive neutralization of bullets leads to limitation of productive capsules, and casings freed from bullets, gunpowder and those of the method and installation as a whole. with neutralized capsules, alternating

In another known method (patent of the Russian Federation) they are brought to the unloading area and unloaded.

Predominantly, cartridges are placed on the first rotary conveyor. In the event that, for any reason, gunpowder has been used. Wounds on the first rotating rotary transporter are mainly placed with the balls down, in the process in the form of an impact mechanism with a hammer to affect the transportation to the transfer zone on the second rotating capsule, and the fourth rotary transporter is turned over by balls. at least one of the register-up devices. This is important in order to ensure the reception of the signal of capsule combustion: the device registers the separate discharge of bullets and gunpowder due to the radio acoustic wave from the combustion of the capsules or the fact that the powder is poured down on the bottom of the sleeve, and the device for registering the flash of light from the gunpowder turned upwards . capsule, or a gas-piercing registration device

Bullets can be extracted by a pre-clavicular impact from the combustion of the capsule. applying an axial force to them, before which it is expedient to exert a lateral force on the top of the ball with a lateral force, to secure the accumulator of neutralized casings, and due to this, the density of the ball landing by the accumulator of potentially not neutralized casings is weakened. in the socket of the sleeve and the process of its removal is facilitated. In more detail, the method and device that the claimant

In the process of long-term preservation of cartridges, they are often, explained with the help of drawings, the powder particles in them can stick together and attach to the inner walls of the sleeve, which can stick to incomplete release. gunpowder casings. disposal of cartridges;

In order to avoid this, it is advisable to influence the vibration of the first rotary conveyor with the feed on the sleeve before it enters the powder removal zone. gutter;

Mostly, the powder is removed from the zone of removal. powder in small portions. Fig. 4 - diagram of the unit of axial influence on the ball;

Capsules can be neutralized by Fig. 5 - diagram of the unit of wet reception of gunpowder; impact on them or in any other way; self, for example, thermal, chemical or hydraulic Fig. 7 - image of the cartridge. by his influence. A device for the mass disposal of ammunition cartridges

Preferably, the effectiveness of the neutralization is a rolling bed, on which the first rotary conveyor 1, which is installed with the possibility of a psul, is controlled by monitoring the presence of rotation, the second - an acoustic wave and/or a light flash and/or a gaseous rotary conveyor 2, the third rotary tra- a dynamic impact, synchronous with the shock impact transporter Z and the fourth rotary transporter 4. With the head on the capsule, and in the absence of one, with the purpose of ensuring the safety of the rotary transporters, synchronous with the impact impact on the capsule, ry 1, 2, Z and 4 are covered from above protective cover 5, the sleeve is not considered neutralized and unloaded (Fig. 1). separate from neutralized cartridges. The first rotary conveyor 1 contains a set

The task is also solved by the fact that there are clamps for cartridges, each of which is a device for mass disposal of cartridges, which is included, for example, in the form of a pair of jaws 7 (Fig. 2). In the zone, a cartridge case in the form of a cylindrical case for loading cartridges to the first conveyor with a powder charge, a bottom with a capsule and a nozzle, 1 fits the feeding chute 8 from the loading, in which the ball protruding outwards is fixed, the seat unit, in which the preliminary firing is carried out is installed with the possibility of rotating the repositioning of cartridges (not shown in Fig.). The rear rotary conveyor with a set of clamps, clamps 6 are made with the possibility of turning into a rotary for sleeves and bullet extractor, clamps of the first rock plane. tor conveyor are made with the possibility of placing the Second, third, and fourth rotary transporters in them with the bullets in general upward, ry 2, C, and 4 also contain a set of clips for casings, and at the same time, the first rotary conveyor is installed in relation to each other yes, compared with the second one installed with the possibility of processing, so that the trajectories of the cartridges in the clamps of the adjacent melts with a rotary conveyor containing a set of conveyors overlapped with each other. clamps for casings and bullet extractor, and connected The second rotary conveyor 2 with clamps with the third installed with the possibility of rotation 9 is connected with the ones installed in series on the rotary conveyor, which contains a set of clamps for the rotation of the conveyor 2 with a stop 10 and cutters for casings, performed with the possibility of a roll-over ball extractor 11 (fig. 3, 4). the mouth of the casings with the sockets down, and connected to the fourth rotary transporter Z with clamps installed with the possibility of rotation 12, which are installed with the possibility of rotation in the rotary transporter, which contains a set of clamping plane, connected to the device of pushers for casings and capsule neutralizer. to him As an option, a device for receiving gunpowder

Preferably, the second rotary conveyor can be made in the form of a tray 13 with the first transporter connected to the ball accumulator, and one spray nozzle 14 and the third rotary conveyor connected to two washing nozzles 15 (Fig. 5). For- dry powder collector. pumps 14 and 15 are connected to the pump 16, the input of which

The dry powder collector can be made in the form of a transporter with powder accumulators connected to the phlegmatizing liquid collector 17. Tray 13 is also connected to this container. limited capacity. The receiving part of the tray 13 has an elongated shape and passes in an arc under the rotary conveyor Z alternately transfer the cartridges with gunpowder in the clamp 12 so that in the position of pouring the powder over the receiving part of the third rotary conveyor and returning to me, the part of the tray 13 can be in a negative starting position for receiving new cartridges from several cartridges. In order to ensure a reliable and effective process of freeing the cartridges from gunpowder, they are at the same time. At the same time, cartridges with gunpowder that are at any previous stage are exposed in the clamps 9 of the second rotary conveyor 2 to vibrations that contributes to the crushing of the deposited granules, which are alternately brought to the area of the discharge of gunpowder and the separation of the gunpowder particles from the walls of the casings. hu, where clamps 9 turn over the sleeves with a punch

The source of vibration can be any devices connected to clamps 6, 9 or 12, or ka 13 (Fig. 5). Movement of sleeves on the rotary conveyor by rotary conveyors 1, 2 or 3. nsporter 2 and moments of their overturning synchronously

The container 17 is equipped with a filter 18 for removal so that the powder particles do not start to fall out of the phlegmatized powder. In another variant - from the cartridges before the receiver appears under the cartridge - the device for receiving powder can be made in part of the tray 13, and did not continue to pour out - the type of tray under which the transporter is installed after the cartridge will pass the receiving part with small containers that move discretely. tray 13.

The fourth rotary conveyor from the clip- The flow of dry powder pouring out of the cartridges, the chamber 19 includes the neutralizer of capsules in the form of a sprayed phlegmatizing liquid, the striker 20 (Fig. b6), devices of acoustic, optical, which is supplied by the spray nozzle 14, the control and a shock wave sensor, as well as contributing to the fall of powder particles into the tray 13 and receiving trays for neutralized and does not prevent the formation of explosive powder- neutralized cartridges (not shown). air mixture. Below the spray nozzle

Each cartridge has a sleeve 21 with a bottom 22, flushing nozzles are installed in 14, through which a capsule 23 is installed on the loop (Fig. 7). The body of the current 13 is supplied with jets of a phlegmatizing liquid; the sleeve has a generally cylindrical shape with a nozzle that washes the gunpowder particles onto the filter 18, the device 24, in which the shank of the ball 25 is fixed, mounted in the collector 17. The gunpowder particles settle on which protrudes beyond the sleeve. There is a powder charge in the housing of the filter sleeve 18 and then fed into the powder accumulator. for further disposal. Cleaned from gunpowder fle-

The device works in the following way. gmatizing liquid passes through a filter 18 in

The cartridges are pre-positioned with the help of collector 17, from where, with the help of pump 16, the external loading unit is again fed to the nozzles 14 and 15, so that they enter through the feed chute 8 in the nozzles 14, 15 for dry collection of gunpowder, in the direction of the first rotary conveyor saucer 16 and frlegmatizing liquid are not used, balls up (Fig. 2). In the loading area, the powder is simply poured into small containers, the chute 8, the cartridges one by one enter the clamped on the discretely moving conveyor 6 of the first rotary conveyor on which it is fed. Each such container is under the tray during the process of moving the cartridges to the connection zone until the specified filling, after which it is taken to the first 1 and the second 2 rotary conveyors at a safe distance from the tray and unloaded into the controlled position of the cartridges by an auxiliary safe accumulator, and under the tray any known substitute container suitable for this purpose is brought up with a foot. Each container has such a volume that In the case of detection of a cartridge located even if the gunpowder accidentally ignites in it, the bullet will be down, clamp 6 will be activated as a regular event and will not have any role, turning such a cartridge with the bullet up. There are no noticeable consequences for the installation, personal result to the zone of connection of the first 1 and the second floor or the environment. 2 rotary conveyors fit cartridges, orientated cartridges free of gunpowder are then moved strictly with bullets upwards. by the third rotary conveyor Z to the zone of its

In the zone of connection of the first 1 and the second 2 rotors with the fourth rotary conveyor 4 and their conveyors, the clamps b of the first rotary conveyor are alternately transferred to the clamps 19 of the latter, and the cartridges are alternately transferred to the conveyors in the clamps - clamps 12 of the conveyor Z are turned in the hook 9 of the second rotary conveyor and the return position for receiving new cartridges are clamped in the starting position for receiving new cartridges 9 of the second conveyor 2. The fourth rotary conveyor from the feeding chute 8. At the same time, the cartridges, the conveyor in turn brings empty sleeves located in the clamps of the second 2 rotary 21 to the striker 20 of the capsule neutralizer. At the time of the transporter, the striker of the last stop 10, which affects the top of the bullet with a lateral narrowing, strikes the outer surface of the capsule 23, in turn, displaces its top from the axis of the cartridge case and weakens it, resulting in the combustion of the initiator thus increases the density of the landing of the bullet shank in the explosive substance of the capsule, i.e. its detonator of the sleeve, and then to the cam extractor. This process is controlled with the help of bullets, which grabs the bullets with its cams, affects the acoustic wave recording device from combustion on them with an axial force, pulls the capsule out of the sleeves and directs the light flash registration device into the bullet receiver (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 ). After that, from the combustion of the capsule and the gas registration device, the casings, free of bullets, but with a powder charge of a dynamic impact from the combustion of the capsule. If it is inside, all three devices of the 2nd and 3rd Z rotary conveyors are moved to the zone of connection, simultaneously with the impact of the striker. In this case, the signals confirming the burning of the capsule are sent to the clamps 9 of the second rotary conveyor, and the sleeve is sent to the receiving tray for neutralized sleeves. In the absence of such an experimental installation for processing the signal from at least one of these devices, the cartridge case of rifle cartridges of caliber 7.62 mm with rotary ones is not considered neutralized and is sent in conveyors to 25 clamps, each of which is a receiving tray for cartridges to be added allows you to process up to 15,000 cartridges in hook disposal. with complete safety for the service personnel

The invention provides a significant increase in productivity and the environment. activity of the method and installation due to the fact that the invention is not limited to the above-described example - various processing operations - patrol positioning and covers all possible options that are available, extraction of the bullet, removal of gunpowder and deflaking - to an expert in this area on the basis of the attached form - changing capsules - are carried out separately, according to the invention, taking into account the initialized rotary conveyors presented here. The applicant of the formation. ; и и ' Тl и ра и и и И и Х

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Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine

State Department of Intellectual Property, str. Urytskogo, 45, Kyiv, MSP, 03680, Ukraine

SE "Ukrainian Institute of Industrial Property", str. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601