UA8489U - Mobile dust catcher - Google Patents

Abstract

Mobile dust catcher contains a housing, a louver separator, inlet, outlet and dust-outlet branch pipes, an engine. The step of the louver of the separator decreases in the direction from the inlet branch pipe to the dust-outlet branch pipe.

Description

Description of the invention

The mobile dust collector is intended for use as a local extractor of a dust-air 2 mixture from the working area of grinding, sharpening, turning, milling, woodworking machines, welding aerosols from welding stations and welding equipment, on assembly tables of radio-electronic equipment, cleaning workshops, warehouses, production and domestic premises , collection of airgel.

A well-known industrial vacuum cleaner, which includes a body, a louvered separator, inlet, outlet and 70 dust outlet nozzles, a motor. |Declaratory patent for the invention Mo71275 A dated 16.12. 2003 |.

The mobile dust collector works as follows. The dust-air mixture enters the device body tangentially through the inlet pipe. Under the action of centrifugal forces, dust particles of greater mass are thrown to the cylindrical part of the apparatus body, slide down under the action of gravity first along the cylindrical and then the conical part to the nozzle of the dust outlet and through it into the hopper. Dust particles of smaller mass, which are captured by the flow of already cleaned air from large fractions, move to the shutter separator, due to their inertia, do not keep up with the flow, collide with the shutters of the separator and, after several collisions, are reflected in the opposite direction to the wall of the device case, where they are captured by the flow more massive dust particles and go with them to the hopper. The number of collisions depends on the mass, composition of particles and the speed of movement of the dust and gas flow.

The air purified in this way bypasses the blinds with a minimum angle of attack and enters the middle of the blind separator.

Inside the separator, a vacuum is created with the help of a fan impeller, which is driven by an electric motor, which directs the purified air through the tangential outlet of the purified air to the outside. The dust collector is hermetically attached to the hopper using flanges. The entire structure can be easily moved on wheels that are attached to the bottom of the hopper. The captured dust is discharged from the hopper through the hatch. The housing of the dust collector is closed from above with a hermetic cover.

The flange is located at the level of the upper edge of the inlet pipe and the upper edge of the louver separator and prevents dusty air from entering the space formed by the wall of the body 6 of the device and the outer surface of the separator to the fan impeller. Thus, when the impeller rotates around the fan, the already purified air is sucked in from the cavity (internal volume) from the louvered separator through the fan to the outlet of clean air.

For optimal operation of the fan, it is necessary that the housing, fan impeller and motor are M located on the same axis and accurately dedented relative to it. This will, firstly, eliminate the beating of the fan impeller, and secondly, optimize the operation of the fan.

Thus, in the proposed dust collector there is a two-stage cleaning of air from dust under the action of centrifugal forces at the level of the upper continuous part of the louvered separator and under the action of inertial forces when passing through the louvers of the separator. At the same time, the flange prevents mixing of the dust-air mixture entering the device with the already purified air in the device, which is captured by the fan impeller and is ejected outside. 50 The great advantage of the proposed design is the combination of the dust collector and the fan in one housing, which make up one body, i.e. are located in one housing, and this housing is hermetically attached to the hopper by means of a flange, and this hopper is also an integral part device This makes it possible to install it directly near the place of dust generation, and equipping it with wheels allows you to move it from place to place as needed, and also to use it as a dust collector during non-working hours. The basis of the invention is the task of creating such a dust collector, in which increasing the efficiency of dust collection is achieved by maintaining a constant speed of passage of the dust and gas flow through the gaps between the blinds, which in turn leads to a decrease in its hydraulic resistance. The task is solved by the fact that a mobile dust collector with a reduction in the pitch of the blinds, which

Ge) 20 contains a body, a louver separator, inlet, outlet and dust outlet nozzles, the engine differs in that the pitch of the louver decreases in the direction from the inlet to the dust outlet nozzle, and the ratio of the width of the first and last gap between the louvers of the separator in the same direction is 4/1 .

Figure 1 shows the dust collector (general view with the front wall removed).

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view AA.

SS o5 The dust collector consists of an electric motor 1 and a fan impeller 2, located on one axis, tangential nozzles З - for the exit of purified air and 4 - for entering the dust-air mixture into the device, a louvered separator 5, cylindrical 6 and conical 7 parts of the device body, a flange 8 for the hermetic connection of the device body to the hopper 9, the dust outlet nozzle 10, the hatch 11 for discharging trapped dust from the hopper 9, the wheels 12 for moving the unit, the cover 13 of the body, the flange 14, which is hermetically installed 60 to the device body and the shutter separator and nozzle 15 for the exit of air purified in the louver separator to impeller 2 and nozzle 3.

The mobile dust collector works as follows.

The dust-air mixture enters tangentially through the inlet pipe 4 into the device body. Under the action of external forces, dust particles of greater mass are thrown to the cylindrical part of the body of the device b, 62 slide down under the action of gravity first along the cylindrical 6, and then the conical 7 part to the dust outlet nozzle 10 and through it into the hopper 9. Dust particles of smaller mass, which are captured by the flow of already purified air from large fractions, move towards the louvered separator 5, due to their inertia they do not keep up with the flow, collide with the louvered separator and after several collisions are reflected in the opposite direction to the wall of the apparatus body, where they are captured by the flow of more massive dust particles and together with them, they go to bunker 9. The number of collisions depends on the mass and composition of the particles and the speed of the dust and gas flow.

Air purified in this way, bypassing the blinds with a minimum angle of attack, enters the middle of the blind separator 5.

Inside the separator 5, a vacuum is created with the help of the fan impeller 2, which is 7/0 driven by the electric motor 1, which directs the purified air through the tangential outlet of the purified air C to the outside. The dust collector is hermetically attached to the hopper 9 with the help of flanges 8. The entire structure can be easily moved on the wheels 12, which are attached to the bottom of the hopper 9. The collected dust is discharged from the hopper 9 through the hatch 11. The housing of the dust collector is closed from above with a hermetic cover 13.

Flange 14 is located at the level of the upper edge of the inlet nozzle and the upper edge of the louver 7/5 Separator 5 and prevents dusty air from entering the space formed by the wall of the device housing 6 and the outer surface of the separator 5 to the fan impeller 2. Thus, when the fan impeller 2 rotates already purified air is sucked in by engine 1 from the cavity (internal volume) of the shutter separator 5 through the fan 1 to the clean air outlet 3.

To maintain the speed of the dust and gas flow through the gaps between the shutters of the separator 5, it is necessary to reduce the live cross-section area of the shutter separator 5 in the direction from the inlet nozzle 4 to the dust outlet nozzle 10.

It is clear from figure 2 that the live cross-sectional area of the louver separable 5 is determined by the distance between the louvers 16, which determines their number.

Considering that the amount of dust and gas mixture fits to each subsequent louver 16 of the separator 5, which is reduced by the amount of it that has already passed through the opening between the previous louvers 16 and which got inside the louvered separator 5 and was removed from the device through the purified air outlet З, i.e. o, smaller by the previously deduced amount. By reducing the width of each subsequent gap between the shutters 16 in the direction from the inlet nozzle 4 to the dust outlet nozzle 10, we achieve an equalization of the speed of the passage of the dust-air mixture through the gaps between the shutters 16 of the separator 5 and its speed of rotation in Ge!

From the housing 6 of the device around the shutter, 5 are separated, which are optimal for this type of dust. It is possible to reduce the live cross-sectional area of the blind separator 5 only by reducing the pitch of the blinds in it. co

The pitch of the shutter is the distance between two subsequent shutters, that is, the width of the gap between them. "Mr

We have conducted research on the proposed device at the standard experimental stand of Lviv Polytechnic University on standard experimental dust with a median diameter of 501072 m with different pitches of the louver 16 in the louver separator 5.

A total of seven types of separators were investigated with the following ratio of the width of the first gap between the louvers separated to the width of the last gap between the louvers separated in the direction from the inlet nozzle 4 to the dust outlet nozzle 10: -

First: 3/1; the second: 3/2; third: 4/1; fourth: 4/2; fifth: 6/3; sixth: 6/2; seventh: 6/1.

As a result of the experiments, it was proven that the optimal ratio of the width of the first and last gap between the louvers of the separator is 4/1, that is, the distance between the louvers of the separator decreases as the flow moves, as 4 to ц 1, (this is the third type of louvered separator.) "" When when this distance is reduced, the purified air does not have time to pass through the slits of the separator during its rotation around it, and when it is increased, all the purified air passes through the separator at once, without reaching its end, and in both cases it is not possible to achieve constant speeds, as passing through flow through the louvered separator, as well as its rotation in the housing around it.

The value equal to 4/1 is optimal, because with this option, a constant, constant speed of movement of the dust-air mixture through the openings between the blinds is separated, that is, stable operation of the device is achieved. (ee) This change in the width of the openings between the louvers in the louvered separator is calculated on the computer in such a way that the following are determined: c 1. the amount of air that passed through the first gap between the louvers during the movement of the dust-air mixture immediately after its entry into the apparatus through nozzle 4; 2. the amount of air that remained in the device body after that;

C. the amount of air that passed through the gap between the blinds 16, second in the direction of the flow; p 55 4. the amount of air that remained in the device body after that.

Continue in this way until all the purified flow leaves the device through nozzle 3. For each gap between the blinds, the amount of air that must pass through it is determined, and its width is determined based on the given speed of its passage, and this, in turn, determines the area of the live cross-section of the separator and the pitch of the blinds in it.

The ratio of the width of the gap between the first and second shutters 16 of the separator 5 to the width of the gap between the last and penultimate shutters 16 of the separator 5 is 4/1 and only under this condition is a constant speed of flow through the shutter separator achieved.

As a result of experimental studies, it has been proven that a larger volume of air leaves immediately after entering the device, therefore the distance between the shutters 16 decreases in the direction from the inlet 4 to the dust outlet nozzle 10, i.e. the width of the gap between the shutters 16 of the separator 5, i.e. the width of the gap between blinds and this step blinds 65 Separable, which is equal to 4/1 calculated on the computer.

At the experimental stand of the Lviv Polytechnic National University, comparative studies of a mobile dust collector with a reduced shutter pitch and a mobile dust collector (prototype) were conducted on standard dust - quartz sand (Table 1).

Table 1

Productivity, m/h. Median diameter of dust, 8 50-10-6, m. Work efficiency, 95.

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Claims (2)

The formula of the invention 1. A mobile dust collector containing a housing, a louvered separator, inlet, outlet and dust outlet nozzles, a motor, which is characterized by the fact that the pitch of the separator louver decreases in the direction from the inlet to the dust outlet nozzle. 2. A mobile dust collector with a reduction in the pitch of the blinds according to claim 1, which differs in that it has a ratio of the width of the first and last slits between the separator blinds in the same direction, which is equal to 4.1. - Official bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated microcircuits", 2005, M 8, 15.08.2005. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. s « s - with . and? (ee) sh» (ee) Ge) 50 So 60 b5