UA79150C2 - Cleaner of root and tuber heap from dirt - Google Patents

Abstract

A cleaner of a root and tuber heap from dirt contains a feeding conveyer, console driving spirals of a separator, mounted in parallel, inside of each of which a driving cleaner is installed, whereon elastic elements and a discharge conveyer are fixed. Inside of each of the driving spirals, at the level of axis thereof, console ends of belt conveyers are mounted, the upper end surface and two lateral ones of each of which are made as inclined scrapers. At the ends of the inclined scrapers flat brushes with elastic rods are fixed. The belts of the conveyers have an angle of incline to the axis of the spiral.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention belongs to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for cleaning and 2 transporting root vegetables, which can be used in the cleaning systems of potato harvesters.

The closest thing to the proposed invention is the cleaner of root and tuber piles from impurities implemented in the patent of Ukraine Mo43907, 15.01.2002. Bul. My. - the closest analogue) The cleaner of a pile of roots and tubers from impurities consists of three cleaning rollers, made in the form of cantilever springs, 70 installed with mutual overlapping, supply and removal conveyors. Each of the cleaning rollers consists of a spiral spring mounted on a hub on the drive shaft. The distance between the coils of the spiral springs is actually a separation gap. Self-cleaning of the screening gaps of the cleaner is achieved by installing spirals with a certain overlap.

The disadvantage of such a device is a decrease in the quality of separation of a pile of root crops when working on soils 12 of high humidity, due to incomplete cleaning of the sieving gaps from sticky soil. Soil and vegetable impurities that fall into the middle of the spirals cannot get out for a considerable period of time and thereby significantly seal the separating gaps of the spirals from the middle, which significantly slows down the process of separation of impurities, and sometimes makes it impossible at all. There is also incomplete use of the separating surface as a result of the high angular speed of the spirals' rotational movement, which leads to the separation of root crops from the surface of the separator.

The invention aims to increase the separation ability when working with piles of high humidity.

The task set by the invention is achieved by the fact that in the middle of each drive spiral, at the level of its axis, cantilever ends of belt conveyors are installed, each of which has the upper end face and two side surfaces c made in the form of inclined scrapers, on the ends of which flat brushes with elastic rods are fixed , while Ge) conveyor belts have an angle of inclination to the axis of the spiral.

Fig. 1 shows the proposed cleaner of a bunch of roots and tubers from impurities (general view from above).

Fig. 2 shows view A in Fig. 1. at

Fig. 3 shows a section B-B in Fig. 1. yu

The cleaner of the pile of roots and tubers from impurities contains a feeding conveyor 1, three cantilever drive spirals of the separator 2, which are installed parallel to each other and rotate in the same direction. In -- in the middle of each of the cantilever drive spirals 2, the cantilever ends of belt conveyors Z, in the FU of each of which the upper end and two side parts are made in the form of scrapers 4, which are fixed obliquely, are installed. Flat brushes 5, made in the form of elastic rods, are attached to the 3 ends of the scrapers 4. The cantilevered ends of the belts in conveyors Z have an angle of inclination A to the axes of the drive spirals of the separator 2. An unloading conveyor 6 is connected to one of the sides of the third drive spiral of the separator 2, near its output end. The directions of translational movement of the conveyor belts, as well as the directions of rotation of the spirals of the cleaner separator are shown "arrows With 50 Root tuber heap cleaner from impurities works as follows. During operation, a pile of roots and tubers, which is cleaned, is fed by means of a feeding conveyor 1 to a separating surface formed by cantilever drive spirals of the separator 2, which rotate and capture and transport the pile. This contributes to the fact that the root tuber pile is dispersed on the surface of the spirals of the separator 2, as a result of which soil and plant impurities are sifted through the separating gaps between the coils of the spirals 2 and, sifting down, fall into their middle. Root tubers, like solid bodies, are transported along the surface of spirals 2 in the radial and axial directions. At the same time, since the spirals (se) of the separator 2 are installed cantilevered, their free ends will oscillate in the longitudinal vertical plane, which will provide them with both a change in the separating gaps of those parts of the spirals 2 that are in contact with the roots and tubers, as well as oscillating movements in in the longitudinal vertical plane of the tubers themselves. page 20 All this will contribute to the intensive capture of soil and plant impurities on the surface of spirals 2 and their sifting down, that is, into the middle of the spirals of separator 2. Thanks to the fact that the cantilevered ends of belt conveyors C are brought to the middle of the spirals of separator c 2, at the level of their longitudinal axes , soil and plant tailings that fall into the middle of spirals 2 are very effectively removed outside the purifier. In addition, due to the fact that the upper parts of the cantilever ends of the belt conveyors 3, namely the end and two side ones 29, are made in the form of scrapers 4, which are fixed obliquely, this will contribute to the fact that soil and plant remains

GF) are cleaned from a large area in the middle of the inner surfaces of the spirals 2 and are directed to the belts of the conveyors 3. The upper parts of the inclined scrapers 4, in addition, contain flat brushes 5 made in the form of elastic rods, and therefore they not only effectively clean the inner surfaces of the spirals of the separator 2 and together with them and their sifting gaps, and forcibly, during the oscillations of the free ends of the spirals 2, capture 60 residues and direct them to the belts of the conveyors 3. Root tubers, on the other hand, move along the outer surface of the cantilever drive spirals of the separator 2 in the axial and radial directions and reach the end of the third spiral 2, where they fall on the web of the unloading conveyor 6. Since the oscillations of the free ends of the cantilever drive spirals 2 occur due to the variable load from the pile of root vegetables, which is fed to the cleaning discretely and can be different (in amplitude and frequency), the location of the cantilever belts of the ends of belt conveyors From the inside and cantilever drive spirals 2 exactly at the angle of inclination

And to the axes of the spirals 2 will contribute to the effective destruction of soil and plant residues on the belts of belt conveyors Z even with a small amplitude of oscillations of the drive spirals of the separator 2. This is especially important when the soil with high moisture gets into the cleaning. Oscillation of the free ends of the drive spirals of the Separator 2 will contribute to the fact that the ends of the elastic rods of the flat brushes 5 (especially those fixed on the upper end surface of the ends of the belt conveyors 3) will exit through the gaps in the windings of the spirals 2 upwards, which will additionally activate and disperse the pile of roots and tubers located on top of the cleaning surface of the spirals 2. To prevent loss of roots and tubers, the side and upper parts of the cleaner of the pile of root and tuber plants from impurities should be covered by protective screens (not shown in 7/o).

The use of the proposed device for cleaning root and tuber crops from impurities will allow to increase the separation capacity when working with piles of high humidity by 15-209605.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention Cleaner of a pile of root and tuber fruits from impurities, which contains a feed conveyor, cantilever drive spirals of the separator, installed in parallel, inside each of which a drive cleaner is installed, on which elastic elements are fixed and a drive conveyor, which differs in that inside each drive spiral, at the level its axes, the cantilever ends of belt conveyors are installed, the upper end and two side surfaces of each of which are made in the form of inclined scrapers, on the ends of which flat brushes with elastic rods are fixed, while the conveyor belts have an angle of inclination to the axis of the spiral. c schi 6) "c) iv) "- (o) and - - and? -i se) - 1 (42) ime) 60 b5