UA68677U - Floating unloader - Google Patents

Abstract

A floating unloader comprises a pontoon hull, a load transfer gentry crane, a rotary console, a drive mechanism for turning the console and a lifting boom with a load gripper, an individual power supply system. It further comprises actuators for lifting and turning the boom. The pontoon hull has a watertight deck, watertight bulkheads, ballast tanks and an anchor-mooring complex.

Description

The useful model belongs to the field of shipbuilding, and more specifically to the designs of floating transshipment vehicles with jib crane mechanisms.

The well-known transshipment complex, described in the patent of Ukraine Mo 1825, which was published on 15.05.2003 in the Bull. Me5, IPC index B63835/44, Vb5067/00.

The transshipment complex contains at least one pontoon, at least one structure for placing cargo and at least one device for transshipment of cargo, moreover, the pontoon is made in the form of a floating reinforced concrete flat-bottomed hollow body with a deck on which the structure for placing cargo is located.

The pontoon cavity is divided into sections by partitions, each of the sections is made with the possibility of its sealing, the pontoon is equipped with a sectional ballasting system.

The pontoon has a rectangular or close to rectangular shape.

The structure for placing cargo is made in the form of a metal container. The container is a body, the walls of which are hermetically connected to the walls of the pontoon along its entire perimeter, while the decking of the pontoon forms the bottom of the container, or the container is divided relative to its longitudinal axis by transverse partitions that form cargo compartments. Each cargo compartment is equipped with two sliding hatches, made with the possibility of movement along the cargo compartment and located one above the other in the open state of the cargo compartment, while the length of each hatch is equal to half the length of the cargo compartment. Cargo compartments have the same dimensions. The container is made in the form of a cylindrical tank, and the structure for placing cargo contains several cylindrical tanks, the tanks are installed at a distance from each other, and the tanks are connected to each other by a pipeline for moving cargo, or connected to each other by a vehicle for moving bulk cargo. The tanks are separated by fire partitions. The pontoon is equipped with a coaming hermetically fixed around its perimeter. Each tank is equipped with lightning rods and equipped with a grounding system.

The complex contains jacks for mooring ships, and is equipped with devices for protection against the crowding of ships during mooring, fixed along the sides on the side of ships mooring. Each device for protection against the crowding of ships during mooring is two beams located one above the other, connected by axes, on which cylindrical valves are installed, made with the possibility

From turning around the mentioned axes.

The complex is equipped with an anchor device.

The complex is made in the form of several pontoons installed in a row with a cargo accommodation facility attached to each of them, while the cargo accommodation facilities are connected to each other.

The disadvantages of the well-known complex are the bulkiness of the structure, the uncertainty of the possibilities of installing transshipment mechanisms, and the difficulty of transshipment of cargo from deep containers.

The well-known transfer crane is described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2114047, published on January 10, 2003, IPC index В66С23/16.

The invention is intended for transshipment of bulk and lumpy cargoes. The transshipment crane contains a rotating platform around the tower with jib structures arranged in the form of a multi-beam star, and the jib structures are beam and lifting booms fixed on the platform on hinged beams to ensure the rotation of the beam boom in the horizontal plane, and the lifting boom in the vertical plane.

The beam boom is installed with the possibility of rotation in the horizontal plane, and it is also rotatable in the vertical plane. With continuous rotation of the platform, the turns of the boom provide a stop of the cargo handling device or reduce its linear speed for the time of cargo capture and landing.

Common essential features are that the transshipment crane includes a column-mounted rotary element on which loading booms are mounted.

The disadvantages of the well-known crane are its bulkiness, the need to work only in automatic mode according to the given program, and the difficulty of resetting to another mode, and even to changing the places of receiving and unloading bulk cargo.

The closest one is the floating transshipment vehicle described in Ukrainian patent No. 8464 published on August 15, 2005 in Bull. Me8, IPC index B63827/10, B66C 23/52.

According to the closest analogue, a floating means of transshipment contains a pontoon, with a transshipment crane installed on it, equipped with a boom with a grab and a hook, and the transshipment crane is mounted in the diametrical plane of the pontoon with an offset to the bow end part, while in order to increase the reach the transshipment crane is made with a rotary console, on which a support under the boom is mounted, and the aft end part of the pontoon is made with an elongated undercut.

The rotary console is mounted with the possibility of rotation on the barbet, which has a supporting conical part and is installed in the diametrical plane of the pontoon.

A cargo platform is mounted in the middle part of the pontoon.

The general essential features are that the floating transshipment vehicle contains a pontoon body, with a transshipment crane installed on it, with a rotary console, drive mechanisms for turning the console and cargo lifting, a boom with a load-catching device is mounted on the rotary console.

Disadvantages of the well-known floating means of transshipment are the uncertainty of the design, the lack of a minimally necessary set of mechanisms that provide direct overloading, and the provision of auxiliary technological actions.

The task of a useful model is to create a floating transshipment vehicle that has the minimum necessary set of mechanisms and devices to ensure the convenience and safety of transshipment operations in the conditions of parking on a raid.

The essential features of a useful model are that the floating transshipment vehicle contains a pontoon body, with a transshipment crane installed on it with a rotary console, drive mechanisms for turning the console and cargo lifting, a boom with a load-catching device is mounted on the rotary console, and the vehicle has an individual power supply system, at least one transshipment crane is installed on the pontoon, the jib of the transshipment crane is fixed on the rotary console with the location (its geometric axis of rotation relative to the geometric axis of rotation of the console, at a distance equal to from 20 95 to 40 95 of the maximum departure of the boom, and additionally has drive boom lifting and turning mechanisms, the swivel console is mounted on a column fixed to the pontoon hull structure, the pontoon hull has a watertight deck, watertight bulkheads, ballast tanks and a deck-mounted anchor and mooring complex.

The geometric axis of rotation of the console coincides with the geometric axis of symmetry of the column, the crane boom is fixed on a vertical spacer at the end of the console, and the body of the pontoon is flat-bottomed, rectangular or close to it, with ballast body tanks located

From the corners.

The bow part of the pontoon is made with a slope from the vertical from 30" to 60".

The transshipment crane is installed in the aft part of the pontoon in the diametrical plane.

One transshipment crane is installed in the front part of the pontoon in the diametrical plane, and the second in the aft part, and with the maximum reach of the booms of the cranes - transshippers cover up to 20 95 of each other's area of action and in this zone there is a loading platform.

The vehicle is non-self-propelled, equipped with at least one diesel-electric generator, or self-propelled, equipped with at least one stern-mounted main engine module with a rotor column, and equipped with at least one diesel-electric generator.

The anchor and mooring complex contains mooring winches and anchor and mooring winches, jacks, cleats and side valves on both sides, the side valves protrude beyond the sides, and are hinged on brackets with the possibility of rotation relative to the mounting axis.

The cargo hook is a cargo hook or the cargo grab is a grapple.

Distinctive essential features, valid in all cases, are that the vehicle has an individual power supply system, at least one reloading crane is installed on the pontoon, the boom of the reloading crane is fixed on the rotary console with the location (of its geometric axis of rotation relative to the geometric axis of rotation of the console, on distance which is equal to 20 95 to 40 95 of the maximum departure of the boom, and additionally has drive mechanisms for raising and turning the boom, the rotary console is fixed on a column fixed on the body structure of the pontoon, the body of the pontoon has a watertight deck, watertight bulkheads, ballast tanks, and anchor- the mooring complex is installed on the deck.

Distinctive essential features, valid in some cases, are that the geometric axis of rotation of the console coincides with the geometric axis of symmetry of the column, the boom of the crane is fixed on a vertical spacer at the end of the console, and the body of the pontoon is flat-bottomed, rectangular or close to it, with ballast body tanks located at the corners.

The bow part of the pontoon is made with a slope from the vertical from 30" to 60".

The transshipment crane is installed in the aft part of the pontoon in the diametrical plane.

One transshipment crane is installed in the front part of the pontoon in the diametrical plane, and the second one is in the aft part, with the maximum reach of the booms, the transshipment cranes cover up to 20 95 of each other's area of action and in this zone there is a loading platform.

The vehicle is non-self-propelled, equipped with at least one diesel-electric generator, or self-propelled equipped with at least one stern-mounted main engine module with a propeller column, and equipped with at least one diesel-electric generator.

The anchor and mooring complex contains mooring winches and anchor and mooring winches, jacks, cleats and side valves on both sides, the side valves protrude beyond the sides, and are hinged on brackets with the possibility of rotation relative to the mounting axis.

The cargo hook is a cargo hook or the cargo grab is a grapple.

According to the useful model, a floating transshipment vehicle was created, which has the minimum required set of mechanisms and devices, i.e. drive mechanisms for lifting and turning the boom, and mechanisms of the anchor and mooring complex and an individual power supply system, specifically, diesel generators - which in total ensures high-quality performance cargo works; the convenience of carrying out transshipment operations is ensured, since at least one crane is installed, in which the jib of the transshipment crane is fixed on the rotary console with the location of its geometric axis of rotation relative to the geometric axis of rotation of the console, at a distance equal to from 20 9 o to 40 95 of the maximum departure of the boom, which makes it possible to set the jib in a position from which the availability of the holds of different widths of ships is ensured, without unnecessary technological operations when operating the crane; safety is ensured, as the pontoon body has a waterproof deck, waterproof bulkheads, ballast tanks, and an anchor-mooring complex, which ensure reliable mooring, re-mooring, and keeping in place during cargo operations; reliable uninterrupted operation is ensured, as the transshipment vessel has an individual power supply system, and most vessels, especially barges, do not have excess electricity to support additional power consumers, such as transshipment cranes.

In fig. 1 shows the main view of the floating transshipment vehicle;

In fig. 2 shows a top view of a floating transshipment vehicle;

In fig. 3 shows a section A-A along the pontoon body;

In fig. 4 shows a top view of a floating transshipment vehicle in operation when transshipping cargo between two vessels;

In fig. 5 shows the main view of a floating transshipment vehicle with two transshipment cranes;

In fig. b shows the B-B cross-section, which shows the working positions of the transshipment crane and boom during transshipment between two vessels;

In fig. 7 shows view B, on the column of the crane-transloader.

According to the useful model, the floating transshipment vehicle contains (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) the pontoon body 1 with the loading platform 2, with the transshipment crane 3 installed on it, in the aft part of the pontoon in the diametrical plane, with a rotary console 4, with a drive mechanism 5 (see Fig. 7) for turning the console, and a cargo lifting mechanism consisting of two winches 6 and 7 with pairs of steel ropes 8 and 9. A boom 10 with a load-catching device on ropes 8 and 9 is mounted on the console 4, it can be both a grab 11 (see fig. b) and a cargo hook 12 (see fig. 5).

The boom 10 of the transshipment crane Z is fixed on the rotary console 4 with the location of its geometric axis of rotation 13 relative to the geometric axis of rotation of the console 4 on the column 14, at a distance equal to 30 95 of the maximum departure of the boom, and has a driving mechanism for lifting - a hydraulic cylinder 15, hinged to the boom 10 and the mast 35. Also, a mechanism for turning the boom 16 is installed, which is not shown in detail, as it is not the subject of a useful model and variants of its design are known to specialists. The console 4 is installed on the column 14, which is fixed on the body structure of the pontoon 1. The body of the pontoon 1 has a waterproof deck 17, waterproof bulkheads 18, 19, 20, body ballast tanks 21, 22, 23 and 24. The devices of the anchor and mooring complex are installed on deck 17, mooring winches 25 and 26, anchor and mooring winches 27 and 28, winches 29 fixed with the possibility of rotation relative to the horizontal axis, and fixed winches 30, clews 31, jacks 32. The winches protrude beyond the sides and protect the body of the pontoon 1 and the sides of ships under overload.

In the presented design, the geometric axis of rotation of the console 4 coincides with the geometric axis of symmetry of the column 14, which has a round cross-section, but it is also possible to install it with an eccentricity on a column with a different cross-section, for example, a square one. The column is welded into the hull structure of the pontoon, and continues below deck 17.

The main elements of the turning mechanisms 5 and 16 of the console 4 and the boom 10 are gear reducers 33 and 34 with an electric drive, the design of which is not shown in detail, as it is not the subject of a useful model and is known to specialists in the field of crane construction.

Pulleys 36 are installed on the mast 35 of the crane - reloader 3, through which the steel ropes pass to the pulleys 37 on the nose of the boom 10, and are connected to the load-catching device, which can be both a grab 11 and a load hook 12, and it is possible to change them, if necessary , without entering the port. The arrow 10 is hinged on the arrow turning mechanism 16 and the mast 35 is a continuation of this mechanism.

The body of the pontoon 1 is flat-bottomed, rectangular with a slight narrowing in the nose and stern, and rounding of the sides and bottom along the edges.

A floating means of transshipment is shown in fig. 1 - fig. With non-self-propelled equipped with one diesel-electric generator 38 power supply system. In fig. C shows the crew quarters 39, which are located below the deck, and in fig. 2 - crew quarters 40 located in cabin 41.

Within the features of the formula, in fig. 5, the floating transshipment vehicle shown is equipped with a pontoon 42 mounted on the stern, a main engine module 43 with a propeller column 44, and two diesel electric generators 45.

The boom 46 of the transshipment crane 47 is fixed on the vertical spacer 48 fixed at the end of the console 49, which is fixed on the column 50 in the front part of the pontoon in the diametrical plane, and the boom 46 is located higher than on the transshipment crane 3. The second transshipment crane C is located in the diametrical plane plane in the aft part along the length of the pontoon 42 and the boom is fixed on the console 4 through the turning mechanism 16 without a spacer, as described and shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. The distance between the cranes is such that, at the maximum reach of the booms, the transshipment cranes overlap 20 95 of each other's operating zone.

The body of the pontoon 42 is also flat-bottomed, close to rectangular in shape with rounding

From the sides and bottom along the edges.

The bow part of the pontoon 42 is made with an inclination from the vertical 507 to create an overhang that increases seaworthiness.

In fig. 4 and fig. b shows how a floating transshipment vessel is moored between a low-board self-propelled barge 51 river-sea of the Volgo-Don type and an ocean-going high-board vessel 52 of the Panamax type, which has the maximum allowable dimensions for passage through the Panama Canal. The cargo gripping device is a grab 11. Coamings of cargo hatches 53 and 54. Brackets for fastening booms in the derived position 55 and 56.

The ends 29 are hinged on the axis 57, which is fixed in the brackets 58 (see Fig. 1).

In operation, a floating transshipment vehicle is moored with the help of elements of the anchor-mooring complex to a larger vessel 52, which is standing on the roadway, and a smaller vessel 51 is moored to it from the other side. Mooring winches 25 and 26, anchor and mooring winches 27 and 28 hold the floating transshipment vehicle and the ships between themselves, the cranes 29 are fixed with the possibility of rotation relative to the horizontal axis, and like the fixed cranes 30 protrude beyond the sides and protect the sides of the vessels under overload from damage.

The console 4 is turned towards the larger vessel 52, for example at an angle of 30" relative to the diametrical plane (DP), and stands in this position, and the boom 10 is raised by the hydraulic cylinder 15 to a given position and is turned by the turning drive 16, then to the left, then to the right side .

With winches 6 and 7, pairs of steel ropes 8 and 9 are fed or removed, while the grab 11 is lowered into the hold of one vessel, collects bulk cargo, closes, rises above the coamings of the hatches 53 and 54, then the boom 10 is turned by the turning mechanism 16 to the other side, grab 11 is lowered into the hold of another vessel, grab 11 opens and bulk cargo is poured out. At the same time, there is no need to unfold the console 4 at each cycle. The console 4 is unfolded only when necessary, transitioning to new cycles, in order to pick up and unload in another part of the ship's holds along the width, when the overloading zone provided by raising or lowering and turning the boom has already been exhausted. This provides an opportunity not to change the location of the floating transshipment vehicle relative to the ships, and simplifies the work of the crane operator and the crew.

To change the place along the length of the ships, the floating transshipment vehicle is moored in another area of the side of the larger vessel 52. Moreover, the change in the draft of the larger vessel is compensated by mooring winches 25 and 26, and the sides are protected by cranes 29 and 30.

There is a possible option in which the floating transloader takes the cargo from the bottom of the reservoir and unloads it onto the vessels moored to it, in which case it rests on the anchors of anchor and mooring winches 27 and 28.

When using a floating transshipment vehicle with two transshipment cranes, which have the same height, simultaneous transshipment is carried out by two transshipment cranes.

And if a floating transshipment vehicle is used, on which one transshipment crane has a greater height, then there is a possibility, as long as the side of the larger vessel 52 is still high for one crane, since it is still empty, then the cargo is transshipped onto it by one tall transshipment crane 47, and the lower crane 3, if necessary, unloads loose or other cargo onto the loading platform 2, and during the departure and mooring of the new smaller vessel 51, the higher crane reloads - from the loading platform 2 into the hold of the larger vessel 52, which shortens the time carrying out transhipment operations, especially taking into account that the cargo capacity of, for example, a "Panamax" type ship is 16 times greater than the cargo capacity of a "Volgo-Don" type ship, and 24 times greater than the cargo capacity of a "Volgo-Balt" type ship, so at least 16 times to moor a new vessel with cargo for loading. When lowering the freeboard of a larger vessel 52 to the required level, the transshipment cranes work simultaneously.

Body ballast tanks 21, 22, 23 and 24 compensate for the uneven location of cargo on deck 17 to maintain heel and trim within acceptable limits.

In the extended position, the boom 10 rests on the bracket 55, and the boom 46 - on the bracket 56, which ensures reliable fixation in sea conditions.

Grapples 11 and cargo hooks 12 are stored on the deck at the edges of cargo platform 2, and if necessary, the cargo handling device is changed.

Claims (11)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. A floating transshipment vehicle containing a pontoon body, with a transshipment crane installed on it, with a rotary console, drive mechanisms for console rotation and cargo lifting, a boom with a cargo handling device is mounted on the rotary console, which is distinguished by the fact that it has an individual power supply system , at least one transshipment crane is installed on the pontoon, the jib of the transshipment crane is fixed on the rotary console with the location of its geometric axis of rotation relative to the 35 geometric axis of rotation of the console, at a distance equal to from 2095 to 4095 of the maximum departure of the boom, and additionally has drive mechanisms for lifting and turning the boom, the rotary console is fixed on a column fixed to the pontoon body structure, the pontoon body has a watertight deck, watertight bulkheads, ballast tanks and an anchor and mooring complex installed on the deck. 40 2. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that the geometric axis of rotation of the console coincides with the geometric axis of symmetry of the column, the boom of the crane is fixed on a vertical spacer at the end of the console, and the body of the pontoon is flat-bottomed, rectangular or close to it, with ballast body tanks at the corners 3. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that the bow part of the pontoon is made with a slope of 45 from the vertical from 30" to 60". 4. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that the crane - the loader is installed in the aft part of the pontoon in the diametrical plane. 5. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that one crane - a loader is installed in the front part of the pontoon in the diametrical plane, and the second one is in the stern part. 50 b. The device according to claim 5, which differs in that at the maximum reach of the booms, the loader cranes cover up to 20 95 of each other's operating zone and the loading platform is located in this zone. 7. The vehicle according to claim 1, which is distinguished by the fact that it is not self-propelled and is equipped with at least one diesel-electric generator. 55 8. The vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that it is equipped with at least one stern-mounted main engine module with a propeller column, and is equipped with at least one diesel-electric generator. 9. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the anchor and mooring complex contains mooring winches, and anchor and mooring winches, jacks, cleats and side taps on both sides, the side taps protrude beyond the sides, and are hinged on brackets with the possibility rotation relative to the mounting axis. 10. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that the cargo hook is a cargo hook. 11. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the load-catching device is a grapple. Z6 z6 Jan 0-85 o v en y Ko k Z VEN MI kv I ZO M ly doty p sha --- / V ! ! : / Ban a. Her det Z y x 7 Z - t shk / at present 28 58 57 78 / ! 4th year of the 1980s and 1980s; SCHE TI / Her to her Sei shchi /// / Mas CHAN shchei, : E and g I NEBEE BEN SYA session | GP / r. peni B ber V, Ki 1 185589 th E AFK ni o kv OM a vu rAsnkya o KN ZK on Sonya A; Osn Z OO u shk: shi M V ee kn, Fig, 1 98 2 40 5 2 y Kk Ku - pe I | ! I I: writes a I shi still I Vch om I nn set i Y ! i - she IA Her nu si : I U v i i I Menni Z.: more m or EI, more 1. And No. shchi» i -s zi » Pe -- shin Y KON VZ Kerr x M Her ven kyu FI g s , a o o p kon ! and Y NOM we and as Z ! shoi x. o a: S Betmya V sha y Z tt ey E rennya khy : - N i - WHAT sis she NO NO NN No Shi zu z yet Fig. 2