UA65358A - Method for ammunition utilization on a universal machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for utilization of ammunition through separation of artillery shell or live part of other ammunition with preliminarily separated triggering systems, for instance, fuses, from those, with extraction of the explosive through pressing out it from each part. The metal of the housing of the artillery shell of live part is cut on a machine tool simultaneously by means of two cutoff tools or two disk saws into three parts to depth smaller than the wall thickness of the shell by 1-2 mm, and separation of the shell is performed through braking.

Description

The invention relates to methods of disposal of artillery projectiles and combat parts of other ammunition (hereinafter - projectiles), which are equipped with explosive substances of the hexane type, or in a mixture with them of other explosive substances, for example, hexane with TNT.

There is a known method of disposal of projectiles, which involves removing explosive substances from the projectile with a jet of liquid, which is supplied under pressure to the point of the projectile on the compressed surface of the explosive substance, destroys it and washes it out of the projectile.

This liquid can be water, carbohydrates, liquefied gases, etc. The liquid must be compatible with explosives. The extracted mixture of an explosive substance with a liquid can be processed into a liquid or suspension suitable for burning, or divided into a liquid and an explosive substance (see patent PCT (MO) Me9534797 M.Kl.b

E42833/06).

The disadvantage of the method is that the explosive substance is removed from the projectiles in the form of a mixture with liquid. To reuse such an explosive substance, it is necessary to separate it from the liquid and restore its chemical properties.

The cost of developing and implementing such technology is very high, which makes this work impractical. The cost of extracting the explosive substance from the projectile is also quite high due to the fact that it requires complex equipment and significant energy consumption.

There is a known method of disposal of ammunition, in which the artillery projectile or warhead is cut into parts, and the extraction of the explosive substance is carried out by pressing it out of each part separately with the help of appropriate equipment. At the same time, the cutting of the projectile on both sides of the warhead is carried out by sawing on a band saw machine under liquid (patent of Ukraine Me39063A. P42833/06, publ. 05/15/2001, prototype).

The disadvantage of the known method of disposal of artillery shells is the low performance of cutting shells. No more than 30 shells can be cut per shift.

The task of the invention is to create a method of disposal of ammunition, in which, due to the introduction of other actions to separate the projectiles into parts, an increase in the productivity of the disposal of projectiles is ensured.

The task is solved due to the fact that in the method of disposal of ammunition by separating the artillery shell or the warhead of other ammunition, from which the means of initiation, such as detonators, are previously separated, into parts and extracting the explosive substance by pressing it from each part, the metal of the shell of the artillery shell or warhead is cut on the machine at the same time with the help of two cutting cutters or two circular saws into three parts to a depth less than the thickness of the projectile wall by 1-2 mm, and the separation of the projectile is carried out by breaking.

Additional distinguishing features are that: - the half-cut projectile is split into parts by pressing with the help of a press punch on the middle part of the projectile placed on the bed; - cutting through the metal of the projectile and breaking it into parts is carried out under a liquid that ensures explosiveness; - cutting through the metal of the projectile, breaking it into parts and pressing out the explosive substance from the parts is carried out in the armored cabin. - the explosive substance is pressed out of projectile parts pre-heated in the armored cabin.

Preliminary cutting of the projectile metal into parts on a machine using two cutting cutters or two disc saws with subsequent breaking of the projectile into parts allows to increase the efficiency of disposal of artillery shells of caliber 100-152 mm by 2-5 times.

The separation of projectiles under the liquid in the armored cabin, as well as the pressing out of the explosive substance in the armored cabin, allows to increase the explosion and fire safety. Pre-heating of the projectile parts allows a layer of molten ceresin to form between the projectile wall and the explosive substance, which facilitates the pressing out of the explosive mixed substance (hexogen with TNT).

The method of disposal of ammunition is carried out as follows.

Separate the detonator from the projectile. The projectile is fed into the armored cabin and fixed on the machine, which is placed in a special tub, which is filled with water or a special emulsion before starting to cut through the metal. The projectile is fixed in the toothed cone of the spindle on a height-adjustable bed and clamped in the center.

Control of the process of cutting through the metal of the projectile body and cutting it into parts is carried out from outside the armored cabin. At the same time, they include the rotation of the spindle of the machine with the projectile. Cutting through the projectile body is carried out by simultaneously feeding two calipers with two cutting cutters using a hydraulic feed. The feeding of the calipers is stopped when the thickness of the cut metal remains no more than 1-2 mm, after which the feeding of the calipers is stopped and they are removed. Similarly, cutting can be done with circular saws.

After the projectile body is cut, the machine is stopped, the clamp is removed and the cut projectile is placed on the bed placed on the processing table in such a way that the middle part of the projectile is located against the punch of the press. By pressing the punch of the press on the middle part of the projectile, it is broken into parts (fragments).

The number of fragments into which the projectile is divided depends on the shape of the internal chamber of the projectile and is calculated for each nomenclature based on the possibility of pressing the explosive substance from each fragment. As a rule, the projectile is divided into 2-3 fragments.

Fragments of the projectile are fed into the armored cabin for the installation of pressing the explosive substance or are fed into the armored cabin for preliminary heating. When equipping a projectile with explosives in the method of batch pressing, ceresin, which phlegmatized the explosive, is squeezed to the walls of the projectile chamber and forms a layer between the explosive and the projectile wall. As a result of heating, ceresine melts, which facilitates the pressing out of the explosive substance from the projectile elements. After heating, the projectile elements are fed into the armored cabin to the installation of pressing the explosive substance.

Pressing is carried out on a pressing unit with the help of equipment specially designed for each element of the projectile (for cold or heated).

After pressing, the projectile elements with a copper belt are sent to a machine to separate the copper belt. Then all metal elements of the projectile are sent to scrap metal.

The explosive substance removed from the projectile elements is sent to the armored cabin for preliminary grinding. At the press unit, the explosive substance is crushed to a fraction of 3-5 cm. After preliminary crushing, the explosive substance is fed into the armored cabin, where it is crushed to fractions from 0.05 to 15 mm at the crushing plant. Then it is sent to a sieving unit, where a fraction of up to 0.5 mm is separated by sieving, which is later used as a component for the manufacture of industrial explosives.

As a result of the technological process, components are obtained for the re-equipment of ammunition, for the manufacture of industrial explosives, ferrous and non-ferrous metal scraps (projectile elements and copper belts).

Claims (5)

1. The method of disposal of ammunition by dividing the artillery projectile or warhead of other munitions, from which the means of initiation, such as fuses, are previously separated into parts and extracting the explosive substance by pressing it out of each part, which differs in that the metal of the shell of the artillery projectile or warhead cut through on the machine at the same time with the help of two cutting cutters or two circular saws into three parts to a depth smaller than the wall thickness of the projectile by 1-2 mm, and the separation of the projectile is carried out by breaking. 2. The method according to claim 1, which is distinguished by the fact that the half of the cut projectile is divided into parts by pressing with the help of a press punch on the middle part of the projectile placed on the bed. 3. The method according to one of claims 1, 2, which differs in that the cutting of the metal of the projectile and cutting it into parts is carried out under a liquid that ensures explosion safety. 4. The method according to one of claims 1-3, which is characterized by the fact that cutting through the metal of the projectile, cutting it into parts and pressing out the explosive substance from the parts is carried out in an armored cabin. 5. The method according to claim 4, which differs in that the explosive substance is pressed from a part of the projectile preheated in the armored cabin.