UA65111A - Contact device for mass-transfer apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Contact device for mass-transfer apparatuses contains an inlet duct with openings for introduction of liquid located in it and a swirl vane consisting of a fairing made in the form of a body and blades for the twisting of flows, separator with the branch connections for discharge of gas and liquid. In this case, the fairing is hollow, opened from below, it has slit openings on the side and is equipped with the ejection devices for absorption of the flow from the internal cavity of fairing into the working area of inlet duct.

Description

The invention relates to devices that carry out mass and heat exchange processes and can be used in the gas, chemical, oil refining and other branches of industry, where it is necessary to carry out the interaction of the gas phase with a liquid followed by the separation of the liquid from the gas.

A well-known vortex contact element is based on the principle of interaction of swirling flows. Such an element consists of a device that twists the flows and has a central fairing, to which are attached inclined blades, an inlet nozzle, a sprayer and a separator with devices for the removal of gas and liquid (a.s. of the USSR Mo345926, M cl. B0103/20, bull. Me23 dated August 28, 1972).

The disadvantage of such a vortex contact element is that the interaction between gas and liquid particles in it occurs with insufficient intensity due to the fact that the velocities of these particles have the same tangential components along the entire perimeter of the cross section of the nozzle.

A known device for mass exchange devices, which contains an inlet pipe with liquid inlet holes located in it and a swirler consisting of a fairing and blades for swirling flows, a separator with a gas outlet pipe and liquid outlet holes, in which the fairing is made in the form of a body, which has the shape of a closed curve in the cross section with a variable radius of curvature, for example, an ellipse (pat.

of Ukraine 45767A, IPC 7B01E3/02, VO103/30, VOTE3/04, bull. Me4 from 04/15/2002).

This design of the fairing leads to the fact that the tangential components of the velocities of the particles of the rotating flows are not constant over the entire cross-section of the inlet nozzle, but change at each intersection point. At the same time, the change in these velocities depends on the particle density of the contacting flows. Since the densities of particles of the interacting flows, as a rule, differ by tens, hundreds, or more times, high relative velocities will occur between the particles of the interacting flows, which lead to an increase in the dispersion of the flows and, ultimately, to an acceleration of mass transfer processes. However, on the other hand, the design of the fairing in the form of a body with an ellipse in the cross section leads to the fact that when the fairing flows in the tangential direction in the areas with maximum curvature, the separation of the boundary layer from the curved side surface of the fairing occurs, which is accompanied by growth hydraulic resistance of the contact-separation element.

The task of the invention is to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the contact device for mass exchange devices while maintaining the achieved characteristics of mass exchange processes.

To solve the given problem in a known contact device for mass transfer devices, which contains an inlet pipe with openings for the introduction of liquid and a swirler consisting of a fairing, made in the form of a body, which has the shape of a closed curve in the cross section with a variable radius of curvature, for example . in the form of curved plates attached tangentially to the side surface of the fairing in the area of the slotted holes and oriented to the side of the tilt of the swirler blades.

The specified design features of the fairing ensure a continuous mode of gas-liquid flows around it, which leads to a decrease in the hydraulic resistance of the contact device as a whole and preservation of the achieved characteristics of mass transfer processes.

Figure 1 shows the general view of the device; Fig. 2 - section A-A.

The contact device for mass exchange devices contains an inlet pipe 1, a separator 2, which has an opening C for the outlet of gas and an opening 4 for the outlet of the separated liquid. In the inlet pipe 1, there are holes 5 for introducing liquid, and a swirler, which, in turn, consists of inclined blades 6 and a fairing 7. The fairing 7 has an open entrance 8 from below, perforation on the side surface in the form of slotted holes 9, which are directed along of the central axis of the fairing and the cone 10. On the surface of the fairing 7 in the zone of slotted holes 9, ejecting devices are installed, thanks to which the flow is sucked from the internal cavity of the fairing into the working area of the input device, which are curved plates 11. The curved plates 11 are attached tangentially to the side surface of the fairing in the area of the slit holes 9, completely close the slits 9 on the side of the main flow and leave a gap for the flow of the auxiliary flow from the fairing 7 into the working area of the contact device.

The dimensions of the curved plates 11 must be at least the size of the slotted holes 9. In addition, the plates 11 must be directed to the side of the inclination of the blades 6 of the swirler.

The device works as follows: the gas entering the contact device for mass exchange devices is mixed in the inlet 1 with the liquid ejected into the inlet through the holes 5. Next, the gas-liquid flow is directed into the inter-blade space of the swirler. At the same time, the gas-liquid flow is divided into the main and auxiliary flow. The main flow is directed into the interblade channels of the swirler, passing through which it moves further in the form of a swirling jet. The auxiliary flow enters through the fairing 7, which is open from below, from which it is ejected by the main flow into the working area of the inlet nozzle through the slotted holes 9 with the help of plates 11. Due to the fact that the fairing is made in the form of a body with an ellipse in cross-section, in the annular space between the fairing and the body of the inlet nozzle, the gas-liquid flow moves in the mode of an unevenly rotating flow, which then accelerates in places where the gap between the fairing and inlet pipe, it slows down in places of widening of the gap. During acceleration and deceleration, gas and liquid particles will accelerate and decelerate with accelerations inversely proportional to their densities. Since the densities of gases and liquids differ by tens, hundreds or more times, high relative accelerations occur between the interacting particles, which ensure the intensive flow of mass exchange processes. When a gas-liquid flow flows around curved surfaces in areas with the greatest curvature, the separation of the boundary layer usually occurs and the transition from the laminar flow regime to the turbulent one occurs. This phenomenon is accompanied by a sharp increase in hydraulic resistance. In order to reduce the hydraulic resistance, blow-off of the boundary layer separation site is used. In the device for this purpose, ejecting devices are installed on the side surface of the fairing, which consist of slotted holes 9 and curved plates 11 and are attached tangentially to the side surface of the fairing in the area where the slots 10 are placed. When the main flow flows around the curved plates 11, an ejection vacuum zone is formed behind them, into which the flow from the inner cavity of the fairing 7 is sucked through the holes 9, which blows the place of separation of the boundary layer to the area where the next plate 11 is located. As a result, a laminar mode of flow around the fairing 7 occurs along the entire perimeter of the cross section of the fairing, which leads to a decrease in hydraulic resistance contact device.

The technical result when using the proposed device is solving the problem of reducing the hydraulic resistance of the contact device.

This device can be used in various mass transfer processes. In the gas industry, the contact vortex element can be used in the mass exchange equipment of natural gas preparation plants for transport and consumption. 4 3 and A-A. .А----А----.20 55 Xia y (Я и | Я и Я

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Claims (1)

A contact device for mass transfer devices, which contains an inlet pipe with openings for the introduction of liquid and a swirler, consisting of a fairing made in the form of a body, which has the shape of a closed curve in the cross section with a variable radius of curvature, for example, an ellipse, and vanes for swirling flows, a separator with gas and liquid outlet nozzles, which is distinguished by the fact that the fairing is made hollow, open from the bottom, has slotted holes on the side surface and is equipped with ejection devices for suction of the flow from the internal cavity of the fairing to the working area of the inlet nozzle, which are made in the form of curved plates, attached tangentially to the side surface of the fairing in the area of the slit holes on its side surface and oriented in the direction of the tilt of the swirler blades.