UA64114A - "builder" overhead bridge crane - Google Patents

Abstract

An overhead bridge crane contains a girder with hoists, which is supported in the air above the earth with the help of two or more balloons. Additionally, it contains three or more backstay cables with electric winches located on the travelling platforms, which allow to hold the girder at required height above the earth, to change this height in the case of necessity. It also contains devices allowing to change the lift of balloons for example, thermal balloons or balloons with pumping of gas from the cylinders located on the overhead bridge crane, the devices, for example, explosive-charge, which allow to instantly release a part of the balloons in case of necessity, and also two or more rotary aviation engines, which allow for overhead bridge crane to move in the mode of dirigible, and they also facilitate its manoeuvring during performance of complicated installation works. In this case, the total weight of travelling platforms locating on the earth exceeds the lift of all balloons at load-lifting works and can be equal or somewhat less than the lift in case of use of the overhead bridge crane as a dirigible.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention is related to lifting vehicles that can operate with heavy objects 2 (cargo), namely lifting and transporting devices that use the buoyant (lifting) force of balloons.

Many different types of devices are known that use the buoyant force of lighter-than-air shells filled with working gas to create a lifting force and use them in construction and assembly, rescue, transport and other works. 70 These are, first of all, ordinary airships that can lift significant loads and carry them through the air. However, it is difficult to use them for lifting, transport and assembly work, just like helicopters, due to their unreliable fixation in the space above the ground.

The use of large balloons filled with light gas, fixed by tension cables to the ground or vehicles, for installation and lifting and transport work with 72 large loads is also known.

The closest prototypes of our device can be considered the project of the French flying cranes "Titan" (TPiap) and "Obelix" ("Obreiich"U), information about which is published in the book "Airships of the new generation",

M.Ya. Arieh, A.G. Polyanker, 1983, Kyiv.; Scientific opinion. - P. 143-145.

The disadvantage of these devices is that the shells of these cranes are included in a single structure, as in airships, which causes all their shortcomings, complicates the design and narrows the range of their use.

As far as we know, there is no universal device equipped with modern control devices that would combine the ability to lift extremely heavy loads, operate them at a considerable height, and transport them both by air and on land.

We propose to create a universal super-powerful aerial bridge crane (hereinafter PMK), which would combine the properties of a lifting crane for operating with super-heavy loads for unique assembly and construction works with the properties of an airship for transporting super-heavy objects over considerable distances by air.

The essence of the proposal is that the PMK has a hull-beam, for example, of an elliptical shape, which has one or more powerful electric winches (telfers) on it and is supported in the air by the buoyant force of two or more balloons, and at a fixed distance from of the ground is held by three or more "- the number of tension cables that descend from electric winches located on the ground on three or more mobile platforms, the total weight of which exceeds the buoyant force of all balloons. --

In addition, the PMK has devices that allow you to change the buoyant (lifting) force of balloons, for example, "And thermal balloons, or balloons with gas pumping from cylinders located on the PMK, as well as devices that allow you to instantly reduce the lifting force if necessary. There are also two or more rotary aircraft engines on the beam of the PMK, which allow the PMK to move in airship mode, and also facilitate its maneuvering during complex assembly work.

Due to the fact that the number of balloons that can be attached to PMK "Bilder" is not limited (there is enough space in the sky), its lifting force can theoretically be any. Practically, it can be variable within wide limits depending on the task at hand. c PMK can carry a power plant, for example, a diesel power plant of considerable strength, a system

From" lighting, television system, premises for staff, passengers, etc.

Aerial bridge crane "Builder" is shown in fig. 1,2 and 3.

In fig. 1 - shows the general view of PMK.

Here: 1 - elliptical beam;

Me 2 - lifting mechanisms; "drive" Z - cables or cable-cables that descend from electric winches; 4 - mobile platforms with electric winches; - 5 - balloons; - 70 6 - rotary aircraft engines; 7 - television cameras;

T» 8 - control cabin.

In fig. 2 - shows the operation of PMK with a reactor.

In fig. C - shows PMK "Builder" in the air in airship mode. 29 Here: 9 - cargo platforms that PMK transports by air. in. Mobile platforms with electric winches 4 are pulled up to beam 1 and fixed.

The work of PMK "Builder" is obvious from the drawings and does not require special explanations.

In bridge crane mode, PMK can move in the work area with the help of crawler platforms (tank, tractor, etc.) without the need for preparation and creation of access roads, rails, etc. By changing the height of the beam 60 above the ground, it can run over large objects, and then descend to the desired height. In the case of work in rough terrain, for example, in the mountains, the PMK can approach the working area in the airship mode by air, and then descend from above.

In fig. 2 shows a possible variant of PMK operation with a destroyed reactor in remote-controlled mode without people. because in fig. From PMK "Builder" is shown in the air in airship mode, where it can transport super-heavy, oversized objects. The number of balloons attached to beam 1 can be different depending on the task and the required load capacity.

The number of mobile platforms with electric winches can also be different. In addition, they can have a variable mass depending on the task performed by the PMK.

When traveling by air in airship mode, part of their cargo can be reduced and compensated by the payload carried by the PMK, as well as by changing the lifting force of the balloons.

Unlike airships, where the regulation of buoyancy is a rather complex technical problem, in the variant

PMK, where there are many shells and rotary aircraft engines, this is easily solved. 70 The approximate calculation shows that the structure of PMK "Builder" when using different shells can be different and the optimal option can be different each time, depending on the goals and tasks.

The table below gives approximate values of the number of shells and their diameter, which the PMK should have at a maximum lifting force of 5,000 tons.

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It can be seen from the table that to obtain a lifting force of 5000 tons, you need to have, for example, 350 balls with a diameter of 30 meters, or 45 balls with a diameter of 80 m, or only 19 balls with a diameter of 80 m.

As a working gas, it is best to have technical helium, each cubic meter of which can lift a mass in kg. "

The disadvantage of helium is its high cost and rather large losses with any quality of the shell. There is data that helium losses from the shell average 195 per month.

It is possible to use ammonia, which gives a slightly lower buoyancy, but is less expensive and not so fluid. Of course, the PMK will have filled casings only during operation, and all other time the gas must be stored in cylinders in the city where the PMK is based. --

Although the maximum lifting force of PMK "Bilder" is theoretically not limited, in practice it will be "determined, firstly, by the task, and secondly by the ability to collect the required number of shells and the required amount of working gas and the time of filling the shells, problems of delivery, storage and pumping of gas from casings to cylinders, etc. "at

All this will require significant energy and capital costs, but the problems that the proposed PMK will be able to solve are worth it.

It was first proposed for work on the destroyed unit of the Chornobyl NPP. In 1987, the idea of PMK was discussed with academician A.D. Sakharov and was supported by him. There are still no means for safe « 70 Interventions in such accidents as Chornobyl. PMK "Builder" allows to start work on such accidents without 2 seconds of construction of the sarcophagus. Perhaps if it had been applied there right away, now there would be a green lawn in place of the sarcophagus and much fewer people would be irradiated and become disabled. With regard to other possibilities of PMK, it is possible to build bridges with its help, span bridges weighing up to 5,000 tons on the shore along the river, and then put them on supports in a matter of hours.

It is possible to transport power line poles in mountainous conditions by air and to set up a large number of poles at once, without having to build roads.

During emergency rescue, firefighting, earthquake work, etc., PMK "Builder" capabilities are incomparable to any other technical means. - PMK can transport 20,000 - 25,000 people in one flight, and carrying 2,000 - 3,000 tons of water, it is easy to cope with the biggest fire, etc. - With the help of such a device as PMK "Builder" - the problem of factory construction can be solved

T" of cottage houses, and then delivering them by air to the place of installation, etc.

Claims (2)

The formula of the invention 1. An aerial bridge crane which includes a beam with lifting mechanisms, which is supported in the air above the ground by two or more balloons, and which is characterized by having three or more tension cables with electric winches located on mobile platforms that allow the bar to be held beam at the required height above the ground, change this height if necessary, as well as devices that allow you to change the lifting force of balloons, for example, thermal balloons or balloons with gas pumping from cylinders located on the air bridge crane (PMK), devices, for example, pyro cartridges , which allow you to instantly shoot down a part of the balloons if necessary, as well as two or more rotary aircraft engines that allow the PMK to move in the airship mode, and also facilitate its maneuvering in5 during complex installation work, and the total weight of the mobile platforms, which are on of the earth, exceeds the lifting force of all balloons at van and lifting operations and may be equal to or slightly less than the lifting force when using PMK as an airship. 2. Aerial bridge crane according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that it contains an autonomous power plant, for example, a diesel power plant of the required capacity. C. Aerial bridge crane according to claims 1, 2, which is characterized by the fact that it contains a system of television cameras, lighting devices and a remote control system that provides operation of all its devices both directly and remotely via cables or a radio channel. « « «- «- « (Se) - and? (o) sh» - - 70 s» 60 b5