UA63039C2 - Kovalenko rotor-piston internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotor-piston internal combustion engine has a housing with a toroidal cylinder, a unit for working mix initiation, an appliance for working mix supply, chambers for compression and expansion, inlet and outlet windows, working shaft with a rotor fixed on it. On the shaft of the rotor are installed two pairs of connected in diameter arc-like pistons, those are kinematically connected through the connecting rods and movable toothed wheels with therotor and fixed toothed wheels.

Description

Engineering branch: mechanical engineering, in particular rotary-piston internal combustion engines.

Technical level: KO 2027038, cl.

EO2853/00, 1991. As a prototype, a rotary-piston internal combustion engine was adopted, containing a housing with a toroidal working chamber, an operating shaft with a disk rotor fixed on it, which has a pair of diametrically located pistons, separating disk valves installed in housing with the possibility of periodic overlapping of the working chamber and the formation of compression and expansion chambers between the pistons and valves, respectively. Dampers have a drive connected kinematically to the working shaft. There are intake and exhaust gas distribution windows, made respectively in compression and expansion chambers, as well as a device for igniting the working mixture.

The disadvantage of this internal combustion engine is its low specific power, unreliability of operation and the complexity of the design, the presence of reciprocating forces.

The essence of the invention: the basis of the invention is the task of creating a compact heat engine, characterized by high specific power, reliability of operation and engine balance. The problem is solved by the following constructive solution.

The engine contains a body consisting of two covers 1 and 9 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) which form a toroidal cylinder.

A rotor 6 is installed in the housing, which is kinematically connected to the movable gears 3. The movable gears C, in turn, are kinematically connected to the fixed gears 8, which are attached to the corresponding parts of the covers. Two pairs of diametrically located arc-shaped pistons 2 and 7 are freely installed on the rotor shaft, the position of which depends on the location of the connecting rods 4 kinematically connected to them. The connecting rods 4, in turn, are located on the offset axes of the moving gears 3. The housing also has an inlet and outlet window gas distribution and a device for igniting the working mixture 5. Diametrically fixed pistons have longitudinal sealing rings 10.

All parts of the engine are connected kinematically so that in the process of movement the distance between the working surfaces of the pistons located at their ends changes. This change has a cyclic nature and is repeated in certain areas of the toroidal cylinder, which makes it possible to create the following zones. The zone of the working course A, which starts from the dead point M (Fig. 4, 5). Exhaust gas release zone B. Working mixture inlet zone C. Working mixture compression zone 0. In the working stroke zone A, the connecting rods occupy such a position (Fig. 4), as a result of which the distance between the pistons increases and this process leads to the rotation of the rotor or occurs due to rotation of the rotor.

The principle of operation of the engine. The working mixture is sucked into the intake zone C due to the rarefaction resulting from the increase in the distance between the pistons, then the intake window is covered by the piston and the distance between the pistons begins to decrease, the working mixture enters the compression zone ОЯ. Compressed. After passing the dead center

M working mixture ignites and acts on the end of both pistons, which leads to rotation of the rotor. A working stroke takes place in the working zone A. After opening the exhaust window, the distance between the pistons decreases.

The exhaust gas release process is taking place. The four-stroke cycle is repeated for each of the four spaces between the four pistons. This ensures the creation of a compact engine with a large specific power.

The engine body is made of two covers, in which there are cavities for coolant. Sealing rings are installed on the pistons. Diametrically fixed pistons have longitudinal sealing rings. A device for supplying the working mixture is also installed on the body.

List of figures, drawings: Fig. 1 shows an isometric view of the engine; Fig. 2 is an isometric cross-sectional view of the engine; Fig. 3 is an isometric view of the longitudinal section of the engine; Fig. 4 shows the diagram of the engine at the beginning of the working stroke, the beginning of the compression of the working mixture, the beginning of the intake of the working mixture, the process of releasing exhaust gases; Fig. 5 is a diagram of the engine operation during the working stroke, during compression of the working mixture, during the intake of the working mixture, during the exhaust gas release process.

Data confirming the possibility of implementing the invention: during the interaction of four rotating pistons 2 and 7, chambers are formed in the middle of the toroidal cylinder, which change in volume and intake, compression, working stroke and exhaust gases take place (see fig. 4, 5) . For the cycle of the process, the ratio of the diameter of the moving gears Z to the fixed gears 8 (see Fig. 1, 2, 3) is set - one to two (1/2). This makes it possible for the moving gears to make two revolutions about their axis during one revolution around the stationary gear. At the dead center, the offset axes of the connecting rods 4 located on the movable gears must have an angle of 90 degrees between the plane connecting the offset axis of the connecting rods and the axis of the movable gear wheel and the plane connecting the axis of the movable gear wheel with the axis of the rotor 6. At the same time, in the dead center, which is located near the device for igniting the working mixture 5, the shifted axes are turned to each other at a minimum distance. The angle between the lines connecting the axes of the moving gear wheels and the axis of the stationary gear wheel should also be 90 degrees. All these factors make it possible for the next pair of moving gears to occupy the same position as the previous pair during movement, accordingly, the pistons also occupy the same positions. This ensures cyclic operation of the engine.

The process of rotation of the rotor during the expansion of gases provides such a position of the connecting rods, when the force of gas expansion acting on the piston acts on the connecting rods, and through them on the moving gears, so that the total force acting on the axis of the rotor, on which the moving gears are located, has the direction of travel movement of the pistons (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5).

The design of the engine is technological. All nodes can be manufactured under mass production conditions.

The engine can be both with external and internal mixture formation. It is advisable to use the engine on vehicles.

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Claims (2)

1. A rotary-piston engine containing a body with a toroidal cylinder, a device for igniting the working mixture, a device for supplying the working mixture, compression chambers 1 expansion, intake and exhaust gas distribution windows, a working shaft with a rotor fixed on it, which has diametrically located pistons , having sealing rings, which is distinguished by the fact that the body is made of two covers, two pairs of diametrically connected arc-shaped pistons are installed on the rotor shaft, which are kinematically connected through connecting rods, moving gears with the rotor and fixed gears, while the pistons in the cylinder are installed with the possibility of changing the distance between them, forming chambers with a variable volume, and through connecting rods and movable gears to rotate the rotor, the ratio of the diameters of the movable gears to the diameters of the fixed gears is one to two, the angles between the lines, which are connecting the axes of the moving gear wheels and the axis of the fixed gear wheel make 907, the axes of connecting rods on the moving of the gear wheels occupy the same position at the points of their connection with the fixed gear wheel during the rotation of the rotor. 2. The engine according to claim 1, which differs in that every two connected pistons are connected by longitudinal sealing plates.