UA61503A - Composition with herbicidal çnd stimulating effect for improving the productivity of winter wheat - Google Patents

Abstract

A composition with herbicidal and stimulating effect for improving the productivity of winter wheat contains the Cowboy herbicide and water, the Çgrostimulin plant growth regulator .

Description

Description of the invention

The proposed invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the cultivation of 2 winter wheat in order to increase its productivity, improve grain quality, and green agricultural production.

One of the main measures to ensure sustainable winter wheat harvests is the fight against weeds. Weeds shade and suppress cultivated plants, take away water and nutrients from them, promote the spread of pests, diseases, etc. In the world, 34.5 million tons of wheat are lost annually due to weeds. 5).

In modern agriculture, the most effective measure of weed control is the use of herbicides - chemical compounds of various structures that inhibit or completely stop the growth of weeds. Systemic herbicide Cowboy (prototype) is widely used on winter wheat crops | (Pronina N.B. Assessment of total soil phytotoxicity // Khimizatsia selsk. hoz. - 1992. - Mo 1. -- P. 21-24). Cowboy belongs to 75 combined preparations and consists of two types of herbicides: 2,4-DA (485 g/l) and diethylethanolamine salt of chlorsulfuron. The combination of two active substances excludes the development of resistance in weeds | Demishev L,.,

Pikush G., Oleksienko Yu. and others. Effect of herbicides Cross and Cowboy on grain crops //Proposal. -- 1997. -- Mo 10. - SHD6. 28-29). Under the influence of Kovba, the weediness of grain crops decreases by 67-91,890, the yield of grain increases, and its clogging with weed seeds decreases.

The main disadvantage of Kovbo and other herbicides is their toxic effect on cultivated plants and soil microorganisms. Herbicides have high physiological activity. They are able to quickly pass through the semipermeable membranes of plant cells, accumulate in plant organs and influence the passage of vital processes in the plant organism and soil microbiocenoses. Residues of herbicides and products of their metabolism accumulate in the soil, as a result of which the number of useful populations of soil microorganisms and the fertility of arable land decreases. Together with ground water and rainwater, they are transferred to reservoirs and other environmental objects, polluting them.

In connection with the difficult ecological situation in Ukraine, one of the priority areas of research is the search for ways to reduce the pesticide load on agrobiocenoses and the surrounding environment.

The task of this invention is to create a means that protects winter wheat crops from weeds and increases crop productivity by creating a composition with a herbicidal and stimulating effect, which reduces Ha») pesticide load on biocenoses and the environment.

The task is achieved by a composition with a herbicidal and stimulating effect, consisting of the herbicide Kovba, a solvent (water) and a plant growth regulator Agrostimulin. with this ratio of "-- components in the calculation of use for processing 1 ha of crops: (Se)

Cowboy - 1B50ml;

Agrostimulin - Bml;

Water - ZObl «

Agrostimulin is a domestic composite preparation consisting of a natural plant growth regulator - Emistim C and a synthetic analogue of phytohormones in a certain ratio. The drug is approved for use in Ukraine (List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in Ukraine // K.: -» "Univest Marketing". -- 2001. -- 119 p. as a growth stimulator of grain and leguminous crops. On unlike the prototype, in the proposed composition, the rate of use of Cowboy is reduced by 25905, and the grain yield when using it is significantly higher than when applying the herbicide at a dose of 100950. This effect is achieved due to (22) the joint use of the herbicide with the plant growth regulator Agrostimulin. which activates the main - physiological processes in winter wheat plants, which leads to an increase in their competitiveness against weeds and an increase in crop productivity. 1 Although it was known that Agrostimulin is an effective growth stimulator of winter wheat |Ponomarenko S.P., at 50 Borovykova G. S. Biostimulants of growth. Influence on productivity and quality of products // Plant protection.-1997,.- Mo 11.-- .0.3-5), it was difficult to predict in advance that with its use cheap in combination with the herbicide Cowboy, the dose of the latter can be reduced without reducing the bioprotective effect, with a simultaneous increase in the yield and grain quality.

Therefore, we believe that the technical solution proposed by us meets the "inventive level" criterion.

The essence of the invention is explained with examples. The research was conducted in 1999. at the research field of the Uman State Agrarian Academy under the leadership of Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Higher School of Ukraine, Dr. S.-G. Sciences, Professor Z.M. » Hrytsaenko. Experiments were carried out in three repetitions on plots with an area of 164 m2, the area of the accounting plots - 6.50 m?, Soils - chernozems, podzolized heavy loams. The technology of growing winter wheat is generally accepted for the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The variety of winter wheat is Ukrainka Odeska, predecessors are black pair. peas, perennial legumes, corn. Cowboy herbicide and plant growth regulator Agrostimulin were applied in different doses to the aqueous solution at the rate of 300 ml of the working solution per hectare.

Spraying of crops was carried out in the phase from winter wheat bushing to tube emergence. Cowboy and Agrostimulin were not used on the control variants. The optimal application dose of Kovbo for winter wheat in the conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine is 200 ml/ha.

Example 71. The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of Cowberry and Agrostimulin on the activity of redox enzymes, which catalyze all vital processes that determine the general condition, development and productivity of the plant. With the help of catalase, the plant organism gets rid of the poisonous compound - hydrogen peroxide (H»O»), which accumulates in its cells under adverse anthropogenic or climatic influences; peroxidase characterizes the degree of detoxification of herbicides by enzymes

In the process of metabolism; peroxidase characterizes the degree of detoxification of herbicides by enzymes in the metabolic process; polyphenol oxidase characterizes the energy state of the plant. The activity of the specified enzymes was determined according to the method (Pochynok H.N. Methods! biochemicheskogo analiza rastenij // K.: Nauk. Dumka. -- 1967. --

pp. 172-176). The results of the research are given in table. 1. In all experimental variants, Agrostimulin (TU U 88 264.037-97) was applied at a dose of 5 ml/ha. For other precursors -- perennial grasses and corn -- the results are similar.

Table 1

The effect of the herbicide Kovba and the plant growth regulator Agrostimulin on the activity of enzymes of an oxidizing-reducing nature of "decomposed HgO»z | control of ascorbic acid guaiacol control with dtostimunv miy 1000850 93584294 4211039

From the cowboy omlaposyu 06008365 22000000 272100001039 and the cowboy omlyateu | 00090004 00000632 00000вют 019 z Agrostimulin - « z Agrostimulin z Agrostimulin c z o

With cowboyoomltaosyu 090 098 81023821 8»3 01200 - » g z Agrostimulin z Agrostimulin: z Agrostimulin - s Example 2. The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of different doses of the herbicide Kovba and Agrostimulin on the dynamics and growth of the leaf surface area of winter wheat plants. This process plays a decisive role in the formation of crop productivity. The leaf surface area of plants was determined in the weeding phase by the generally accepted cutting method. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 2.

Example 3. The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of Cowboy and Agrostimulin on the photosynthetic (o) productivity of winter wheat crops. The net productivity of photosynthesis is an important physiological indicator - which largely characterizes the productivity of plants and determines the effectiveness of agrotechnical measures for crop cultivation. The net productivity of photosynthesis was determined according to the method of A.A. Nichiporovych. 1 Photosynthesis and the theory of obtaining high yields // M.: Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. -- 1956.-- 94 p.| The results of the experiment on 50 are given in the table. 2 (predecessor - black par).

Example 4. The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of Kovba and Agrostimulin on weediness of winter wheat crops. Contamination of crops on them? in a 9-fold repetition, it was determined by the method | Moiseichenko V.F.,

Yeschenko V.O. Methodical recommendations for experiments in agriculture // K.: USGA. -- 1985. -- P. 70-72.

Table C shows the results of determining the weediness of crops in the phase of grubbing. Similar regularities were noted during the examination of crops in the phase of milky grain ripeness. p» Example 5. The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of Kovba and Agrostimulin on the grain yield of winter wheat.

Harvest accounting was carried out by continuous harvesting with a "Niva" combine and weighing. Mathematical processing of the results was carried out according to B.A. Dospekhov | Dospekhov B.A. Methodology of field opiate // M.: Agropromizdat. -- 1985. -- 0. 248-256). The results of the study are shown in Table 4, NIR 05 (the largest significant difference) -- 60 statistical indicator that characterizes the accuracy of harvest accounting by repetitions.

Example 6. The purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of Kovba and Agrostimulin on the quality of winter wheat grain.

The mass of 1000 grains was determined according to GOST 10842-89. Methods of determining the quality of grain and leguminous crops. Grain. The method of determining 1000 grains // Cereals, legumes and oilseed crops!. 4.2. - M. - 1990. - P. 7-9); nature according to (GOST 10840-64. Methods of determining the quality of grain and leguminous crops. 65 Grain. Methods of determining types // Cereals, legumes and oilseed crops. 4.2. - M. - 1990. - P. 3-5).

Germination energy and grain germination were determined on the 3rd and 5th day after sowing in laboratory conditions of 50 pcs.

grains in three repetitions. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 4.

Table 2

The influence of Cowboy and Agrostimulin on the dynamics of the formation of the leaf apparatus and the photosynthetic productivity of winter wheat crops poyu 00000001 1643100 | voz6 about 0.089000000 y

From the carpet at home 0000000000002720mvzo00zzva00019930000000890000000000

Bokovvoy bomaya 00000000 2674 000lvya | zyuv 0 20200010090000 m 5 kooboi orla Atostimuln vmltya 2382 00001429 00 307900018820000000960000000079 t

Table C

YOU Basic

The influence of Kovbo and Agrostimulin on weediness of winter wheat crops

Experiment variant Number of weeds, units/m2 | Weight of weeds/m2 | Weeds destroyed, 95.

Pee pee ice I sing 00000012 857100 h« ne zo o

Io)

Table 4

From the Influence of Cowberry and Agrostimulin on the yield and grain quality of winter wheat and)

Variant of the experiment Grain yield, Przhbavka Mass 1000 Nature (Germination energy, 95 to

Agrostimulin Bml/ha to her Kern No Y ii shi NBoyN Until MR

Agrostimulin Bml/ha i s Agrostimulin Bml/ha oyu GENES NO UZN NO NOYA POLON KONYA KON PON syu" Thus, the task has been accomplished. A composition with herbicidal action was created, which stimulates the main biological processes in winter wheat plants and increases the activity of redox enzymes, enhances the growth of the leaf surface of plants and photosynthetic productivity, contributes to the reduction of weediness of winter wheat crops, increases the grain yield and improves its quality. . The implementation of such a composition in agricultural production provides an opportunity to significantly reduce the pesticide load on agrobiocenoses and the environment, save foreign exchange funds for the purchase of herbicides, and obtain a significant increase in high-quality grain.

According to calculations carried out according to generally accepted methods based on current standards, the additional profit when applying the proposed composition (Cowboy herbicide at a dose of 15O0ml/ha (75905) and Agrostimulin (5ml/ha) is UAH 431/ha, additional costs are purchased in 17 , 4 times.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is a composition with a herbicidal and stimulating effect for increasing the productivity of winter wheat, containing the herbicide Cowboy and a solvent (water), which is distinguished by the fact that it additionally contains the plant growth regulator Agrostimulin, while 150 ml of herbicide is used to treat 1 ha of winter wheat crops Cowboy, 5 ml of Agrostimulin, as well as 300 liters of water. 70 Official Bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated microcircuits", 2003, M 11, 11/15/2003. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. « so «c) IS) «- (Se) - with . and? (22) - 1 o 50 syu» 60 b5