UA61220A - Hydro-energy complex for mountain regions - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydro-energy complex for mountain regions includes a cascade of hydroelectric power plants with water reservoirs, this is placed in sequence in valley where a mountain river flows, and derivation hydroelectric power plants. Additionally it includes a cascade of water reservoirs placed over the river valley a both sides at largest possible height, depending on the relief, system for rain water collection, and closed controlled water conduits with turbo-electro generators, and united system of automated or manual control of water distribution and electric energy generation.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention is related to energy, namely to its alternative renewable sources - water, wind, 2 sun, etc., which can be used in mountainous conditions.

Life in the mountains is mainly concentrated in the valleys where the mountain rivers flow. People live where you can put houses and have some areas relative to the horizontal surface.

Mountain hydroelectric power stations can be a source of electricity, but not a large one and, most importantly, not stable.

The fact is that it is impossible to create large reservoirs, as in the plains, in the mountains. In addition, mountain rivers 70 have an unstable flow of water, their flow can destroy bridges and destroy banks and dams, and can sometimes even break. The proposed invention is an attempt to eliminate this contradiction, i.e. to make electricity production more uniform, increase it and at the same time prevent the occurrence of destructive floods.

The closest prototype to our proposal can be considered derivation hydroelectric power plants, which have reservoirs located at a considerable height, closed water pipes that supply high-pressure water to 12 hydroturbines. Information about these hydroelectric plants is available, for example, in vol. 2 "Malay sovetskaya zncyclopedia" p. 1111, art. "Sydroelectric stations".

But both conventional and derivation hydropower plants use the energy of rivers, which is secondary to the energy carried by rain.

The essence of the proposal is that in parallel with the hydroelectric cascade along the river, it is proposed to create as many as 20 reservoirs located as high as possible above the valley to collect rainwater, glacier water, small streams, underground springs, etc. Each such reservoir must end with a controlled water supply with a turbine and an electric generator.

In the mountains, sometimes, depending on the terrain, it is enough to create a bridge between two hills and such a reservoir is ready. Depending on the topography of a particular valley, many reservoirs can be created at different levels, and eventually all the water collected in them will enter the river valley, but before that it will (in a controlled manner) release its energy. "

This energy is quite significant. This is the energy of water located at a high altitude. It is estimated that the energy of a small local thunderstorm is equal to the energy of 4-6 hydrogen bombs and to use it at least partially means to significantly increase the total energy that will be produced by hydroelectric plants. If the reservoir is located at an altitude of 500 meters, the pressure on the blades of its hydro turbine will be equal to 5 batm. This will make it possible to produce a lot of energy with a turbine that is small in size by 30 and with a relatively small consumption of water. Each cubic meter of water at a height of 500 meters carries energy of 5,000,000 Joules.

A cascade of such reservoirs with hydroelectric generators will allow to collect a significant amount of high-energy (that is, located at a high altitude) water during rains, or rather, melting glaciers, and use it for purposeful electricity generation. 3o This will make it possible to significantly reduce or completely prevent the destructive consequences of floods, to increase and make it more uniform electricity generation and, despite the large capital costs, to pay them off quickly enough, because the area where high-altitude reservoirs are created will become energy-generating and much more suitable for people's lives.

The proposed hydropower complex (hereinafter HEK) is tentatively presented in Fig. 1. "

Here: C t0 1 - a mountain river, c 2 - dams with reservoirs and ordinary hydroelectric power stations,

Iz» Z - reservoirs located above the river valley at different heights 4 - water pipes, - water shut-off and control water devices, 6 - high-pressure hydroturbines, b 7 - electric generators. - The work of the GEC does not require special explanations and is obvious from this figure. High-rise reservoirs can be located one above the other and discharge the collected water in a cascade one into the other or directly into the river valley, depending on the terrain, the length of the water pipes, their location, etc. ka 20 In order to reduce capital costs, it is possible with a smaller number of high-altitude reservoirs to plan the collection of rainwater from ponds and direct its collection in reservoirs through open water pipes. c Depending on local conditions, various options for the implementation of the GEC are possible. Thus, it may not have dams (2) on the river (1) and ordinary hydroelectric power plants at all, but only high-altitude reservoirs (3) that directly dump their water into the river. 29 Automatic system of collecting information about the water level in reservoirs and electricity generation in. can take into account weather forecasts in the mountains in advance, the need for electricity, etc.

Roads, communal infrastructure, which will be created during the construction of the GEK, will provide an opportunity, in addition to a significant increase in the generation of environmentally friendly electricity, to create conditions for irrigated agriculture, fisheries, resort recreation, etc. 60 In addition to being saved from destructive floods, these areas will be able to significantly increase the number of their residents and, despite large capital costs, be attractive to domestic and foreign investors.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention b5 A hydropower complex for mountain areas, which includes a cascade of hydroelectric power plants with reservoirs, located sequentially in a valley where a mountain river flows, derivation hydroelectric power plants, other sources of electricity, which is distinguished by the fact that it has an additional cascade of reservoirs that are located above the river valley on both banks at a possibly greater height depending on the terrain, a rainwater collection system, as well as closed controlled water pipes with turboelectric generators that allow the collected water to be retained or released into the river, as well as a single system of automatic or manual control of water distribution and power generation. "(ав) Зо сч се "- (Se) - a (e)) - ko ko 62 bo b5