UA57212C2 - Method of making feed fish meal and a set of equipment for heat treatment of raw fish material - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of making feed fish meal such that the raw material is comminuted, boiled, sterilized, defatted, and dried consecutively. In doing so the raw material is comminuted up to a finely destructed mass with the simultaneous in-flow heating, boiled and sterilized by means of heat short-term in-flow treatment with the simultaneous removal of the fat and moisture of deep-laid particles, additionally dried.

Description

of feed fish meal, in which the boiled mass enters from the digester into grinding, degreasing, defatting operations, where the dense mass in the form of pulp is dewatered and heat-treated raw materials (in this case it is creamed from the fat-containing broth. In co-applicants - fish processing waste). temporary fodder production facilities

Essential features of all the methods by which fish meal is used in continuous presses - they differ from each other, are single-screw and double-screw methods of propelling action. The degree of removal of operations, the sequence of their implementation and fat removal depends on the correctly selected type of equipment used. boiling press and pressing temperature

The method of direct drying (9) consists of the pulp. When the temperature increases and the rotations of grinding, heat treatment of raw materials, the mouths of the rotor are increased, a homogeneous mass is obtained from very small preparatory operations for warehousing, storage of particles of the product that leave the product and the sale of the product. The method is based on heat together with the broth. When the temperature decreases in the processing, during which simultaneous pressing of the mass is carried out, the removal of fat from it and drying without an intermediate decrease in temperature deteriorates, so the press must be heated. moisture and fat content of the product by pressing. Heat-From the press with a moisture content of 50-5595 enters the dry processing is carried out in a batch-layer digester, where the process takes place for 3 hours at a time, into which 2.5 tons of raw materials are loaded at once and with gentle mixing. The drying process and equipment - the duration of the process is 4-5 hours at the temperature indicated in the description of the centrifuge-drying machine at 80-105 degrees C, or in a non-refrigerating installation. active at a temperature of 600-700 degrees C. Disadvantages of this method are complications in several seconds. a rational processing regime is enough for boron

Disadvantages of production on the equipment of periodical raw materials, especially boiling and pressing, are the long duration of the process, which negatively affects the quality of the finished product. raw materials, as well as raw materials with shallow fiber

Taking into account that fish waste accommodates the structure of meat. As a result of high temperatures, the amount of collagen and as a result of a small heat transfer to the raw material in the presence of fat, the affinity of the raw material increases significantly, the duration of the destruction of protein compounds, thereby conditioning the process at temperatures of 100-116"C. A decrease in the protein content in finished flour- heating changes the physico-chemical and biological no. In addition, the equipment is bulky and requires a vestan of proteins. Heating at temperatures up to 1007 licks costs energy resources. leads to the denaturation of soluble protein compounds, welding and hydrothermal disintegration by an analogue to the declared method of collagen production. During denaturation, water-firm fish meal decreases. Centrifugal and increased by increased fat content, the drying method (9| consists of operations easily oxidizes and clumps together. The fat content in grinding, boiling of raw materials, centrifugal three times higher than the mass fraction of fat in straining the boiled mass to remove fat and rind. moisture removal, drying, preparatory operations for

Thus, with the direct drying method of storage, storage and sale of the finished product, it is impossible to achieve the appropriate indicators of the content in the duct. This method differs from the press-prepared flour of fat and protein, which cannot be dried in that for the intermediate removal all types of raw materials, especially medium fat and moisture, must be reprocessed before drying instead of the press of stagnation and high fat content. In addition, the equipment for the horizontal screw centrifuge was made, for this method is bulky and requires large, which more effectively removes fat regardless of energy consumption. from the chemical composition and consistency of boiled fish

Pressing-drying method (I9|) production of raw materials. Due to this, the amount of fat in the process of grinding, boiling of raw materials, pressing with flour, produced by pressing, drying is significantly reduced. pulp, preparatory operations for the drying method. warehousing, storage and sale of the finished product. The technological process takes place as follows. This method differs from the direct scheme method. The raw material is crushed on a fish cutter, and drying is due to the fact that the boiled mass is subject to the centrifugal-drying method requires inter-pressing before drying in order to finely grind the raw material, remove fat and partially moisture, thereby ensuring the possibility of processing various sedimentation centrifuges in a horizontal line. including those with a high fat content wear for 10-20 minutes with indirect

The technological scheme is as follows. Raw materials after contact with hot gases. The mode of boiling the fish fillet, or bypassing it, is fed into the cooker. regulated by temperature and duration of stay

Cooking takes place for 10-20 minutes with dull steam of raw materials in a cooker. The temperature of cooking is determined by hot gas, in some cases, for the destruction of raw material tissues in the mass, hot steam is supplied between the double walls of the body. Boiling of raw materials is also carried out in a hollow rotor. The duration of stay in the cooker at a temperature of 85-100 degrees C depends on the type of raw material and is regulated to ensure sterilization of the product, that is, by the frequency of revolutions of the rotor with blades. Digestion of all vital activities of pathogenic microflora of raw materials is carried out at a temperature of 85-100 degrees Celsius and other bacteria. degrees C, which ensures sterilization of the product.

Centrifugal method is less demanding in terms of control 00000011 m boiling in comparison with press-drying. The main condition is the complete separation of fat and moisture from the raw material due to fine grinding and bringing the boiled mass to the broth drum, rpm 970 1000 975 formable state. The power of electric

From the digester, the boiled mass is pumped into a centrifuge to separate the fat-containing broth. Separation of broth in a centrifuge does not depend on the chemical composition and consistency of boiled fish raw materials, therefore, the use of a centrifuge allows more efficient use; separate the fat. As a result, the fat content in the finished fishmeal is significantly reduced during the cooking of the raw materials. The IZI is carried out in the cooking process with the flour obtained in continuous press presses with a jacket, which is heated by a drying method. Steam or hot gas comes out of the centrifuge. Steam dense mass, which, compared to the pulp from the press, digesters IKZH/6 and IMM/2, produced in has a higher moisture content up to 6095, so for the CIS countries, it is a drum, in which more powerful dryers are needed at one end of drying . But then there is a mouth for loading raw materials, in the second - during centrifugation, a very loose and od- for unloading the boiled mass is obtained. Inside is a native mass that can be easily dried. of the cooker there is a hollow rotor on which the

After centrifugation, the dense mass of the moisture content from the type of digester planted by various plants near 6095 is sent to the dryer. Drying is carried out by a combination of devices that move raw materials by means of heat treatment of the mass along the digester. All cookers are heated for 2-3 hours with constant stirring, when idle through a speed variator, which allows for moderate contact with the hot gas produced. decrease in the number of revolutions of the mouth - direct contact at a temperature of 400-600 degrees! - I

C The best conditions for the evaporation of moisture "The boiler of the company's fishmeal plant are formed at the beginning of drying, when the moisture riv- Alfa Laval" is made in the form of a fixed, numerically distributed throughout the volume of each heat-insulated case, inside which. on the particle, with a further decrease in humidity, a drum is mounted on the resistances with a slope to the exit, on the surface layers of the rotating moisture evaporation, with more located throughout it than in the center. Near the end of the process, the length of 24 tubes for the passage of hot the rate of evaporation of gas is reduced from the gas generator. 2. the drying time increases over time. The technical characteristics of the cookers are different

Fat-removing broth from a centrifuge of the type shown in Table 2. is filtered on a separator, the sediment is sent to a dryer, the broth is evaporated (mainly on ship installations) in a vacuum evaporator to a dry matter content of 45-50956 and added to the pulp during drying, the fat is packed and sent to Storage Indicators. : Laval

Equipment on which production is carried out - productivity for | production of feed fish meal by centrifugal raw material, t/hour 2.9 0.8-1.0 by drying method, consists of a fish cutter, m st DYM PD OA digester, horizontal screw centrifuge kg/hour 11130 580 sedimentation, drying apparatus and characterizing code ss pom But it is OK with the following data (91. gas Gas

Grinding |ZU| are carried out on fish cutters with direct and oblique cutting, displacement and displacement, kW 6.5 5.0 0.75 ripping, alternate cutting and pushing through holes. When cutting at an angle, general on- Dametrbarbanu, | 00 in mob loads are much smaller than with direct, therefore MM 700 650 1400 dynamic loads are more uniform. Technical ace of revolutions ro 875 28 35 characteristic of fish cutters produced in torus, rpm. 1.2-7.2 2-6 3-5 CIS countries, shown in Table 1.

Table 1 The boiled mass is pumped to a horizontal sedimentation centrifuge |9|). In the last decade, in a number of fishmeal plants, fat removal is carried out on continuously operating devices, which differ from presses in that the mechanical force of pressing is replaced by

Productivity, by sheer force. Such centrifuges are intended for the distribution of suspensions with a volume concentration of the solid phase from 5 to 50 and a particle size of 5 by force from the particles of the mass and flows out through the outlet up to 50 μm. The principle of operation of centrifuges is based on ry in the rotor. because inside the horizontal stationary In modern installations, the center of the drum rotates with a high frequency. NOGSH joints produced by Sumy Machine-

Inside the rotor, the construction plant, as well as foreign companies, rotates with a lower frequency a screw conveyor, which has a drive from the rotor "Alfa Laval" (Sweden) and "Sharplez" (Velikobry - through a planetary gearbox. The solid mass is thinned by the screw). Technical characteristics of centrifuges, such sediment is discharged from the centrifuge, and an emulsion of the type shown in Table 3. fat-containing broth is pushed out of the

Table C 325 (О0ГШ)| 500 (OGSH) Veliko-Sweden

Broth productivity, l/h. 6000 15000 - 2000-3000 | 7000-15000 and 8000-40000 dense sediment, kg/h. 1250 poshetn from | I am | "what | I am | with | z well, rpm. Z000 2650 4000 5600 3250 3250

VE iiivisyy NNI NNYA NONORCHNNYA NOR NORMCHN NIORRHNCHNYa, kW 7 28 11 5.5 14.7 2/0)

Dimensions, mm 1600 2710 710 1196 725 2480 1465 1990 1725 1080 1820 1800 525 1526 1600 400 955 1155

From the centrifuge, the dense mass is directed to a horizontal cylinder for drying, and the broth to separation. Sometimes, with a cow's jacket, and the method placed inside it, a screw rotor with hollow discs is installed after the centrifuge. Drying of the material before the press for additional dehydration is carried out by heating the jacket, shaft and disks, and the rennet mass. also by countercurrent movement of hot air.

Drying apparatuses (9) are provided for drying Similarly arranged two-stage drying apparatus or dense mass after the centrifuge to the content of 10-1295 moisture with a screw rotor type K5T of the company "Atlas" in the finished product. Drying from (Denmark). occurs only by thermal method - steam or Gas dryer "Dentrifysh" fir- hot gas. The general direction of the intensifima "Alfa Laval" represents the thermal isolation of drying is to increase the surface contact of the painted casing, inside which the battery and heat-transfer surfaces are mounted, the speed of the fan with 72 pipes. Hot gas from one end of the heat transfer, ensuring uniform drying, is supplied from the outside of the drum to the pipe, and exits to the pipe. the other end Drying is intensified due to

A significant place is occupied by two-stage dryers with hot air supplied to the drum upwards - T1-IZHS, T1-IZHA units, in which the mass movement belt is located in one barrel. The air discharged from the drum of the bath is pre-dried to humidity through a cyclone, where particles of boromass 40-45905 carried from the dryer are deposited, in the second - final drying to the grain settles, and the purified air is directed to the guest 10-1295. In the first drum, the drying process is recirculated. is provided by the counterflow of hot air from the Technical characteristics of drying devices of the steam heater. The second drum is also listed in Table 4.

Table 4 (Consumption steam, kglodynu.d 77777777 Y111111010560 11111111 (Frequency of rotation of the rotor, rev/min. | 2IMLO | 7777/7877 Y1777171117145 2 write 177.00 80011 fans, kW 3.7 27075/cubic hours 752.8781 170781

Continuation of table 4

Dimensions, mm 9255 4600 4730 2525 2100 890 4245 Z000 1256

Disadvantages of the centrifuge-drying method of raw materials and the application for its implementation and the application for its implementation of the above-mentioned method of equipment in the processing industry of agro-processing equipment are the following: the word complex for the new purpose, which is - Due to the large volume of the digester, it is a fundamentally new technology and new is complicated by the need to accumulate raw materials, which due to the equipment for fish processing goes to hydrolytic decomposition and oxidation of fats, in order to improve the quality of finished flour and their acids and protein compounds under the action of enzymes to obtain economic continuously acting raw materials and air oxygen |Z|; a set of equipment. - Carrying out the process of boiling and sterilizing the raw material for processing in the declared position in the presence of fish oil, which leads to the loss of proteins and the deterioration of the quality of fish waste from fish processing: scales, skin and fat (see explanation in the description); guts, entrails, bones, fish, shelf life and re- - Conducting a one-stage heating process which has ended, low-value fish and others. processes of boiling and sterilization of raw materials. The necessary requirements for the technological process lead to the fact that the tissues of raw materials are completely destroyed with the release of fat and moisture. the minimum duration of heat is introduced through the holes along with the fat-containing effect on raw materials and semi-finished products, high by bouillon. Centrifugation of fully boiled foam extraction of fat and moisture from raw materials, destruction of raw materials significantly reduces the yield of finished flour macromolecules of protein compounds, prevention (19905) and increases the moisture content of the dense mass that breaks down and losses of proteins of raw materials. child from the centrifuge |5); A method of production of fodder is proposed - Drying of such a wet mass requires the collection of fish flour through a consistent time spent; - Broth from the centrifuge after defatting the new mass, boiling and sterilization in the cooker is practically not used; lynics, degreasing of the boiled mass on - Bulky equipment with a large mass of sweat-centrifuge, drying in dryers, which requires large areas for its installation, differs in that, in order to improve the quality of the finished product, energy resources are spent on carrying out the technological product and intensification of heat of the process, for ventilation and electric lighting, fish raw materials are ground to a finely destroyed large industrial premises and other explo- masses with simultaneous heating in the flow into the discharge flow. internal machine with heating, remove from the mass

At many mainland fish processing plants, cod fat and moisture are removed in a centrifuge, and then, due to the small volumes, feed fish meal is processed and dried in extruders. There are no fishmeal facilities for casting raw materials - it is suggested to implement the method using Fish waste at such enterprises is heated, collected, accumulated and then sold in a horizontal sedimentation auger and canned fodder mince or in a fresh centrifuge, a screw press-extruder as a formless for fattening agricultural intermittent equipment set for tep- animals. These are methods of disposal of fish waste, processing of raw materials. have disadvantages associated with a noticeable decrease in the method and their fodder value during storage and transportation, as well as with the deterioration of the sanitary condition is declared for the first time. Causal justification at the enterprises themselves and adjacent territories |11. consequential connection between the features of the invention and the

The lack of a small-sized, reliable technical result in Ukraine is given below. equipment for the production of fodder fish. In order to speed up the removal of fat and moisture from the flour, it provides a basis for the development of new fabrics of raw materials and shortening the term of the thermal method of processing fish waste, which must be processed before the last one. . In the analogue of fine small fish, maintaining a decent sanitary condition of the raw material is carried out on a fish cutter, then, according to veterinary and sanitary-hygienic requirements, a full process of boiling and sterilizing is carried out. zations of raw materials and centrifugation are already complete

The basis of the invention is the problem of the molten mass. The disadvantages of the analogue, described in the description of the new method of fodder production, cannot be corrected with this method. In rezul flour, by using the well-known in the father, feed fish flour is obtained, which

GOST 2116: with a mass fraction of protein informs Ukraine of operations of defatting and heat treatment

64905, fat 10-14905, no pathogenic bacteria. But it decreases by 20-4095. Connective tissue, implementation of this method is costly. which is located on the surface of the raw material particles, yes

In the claimed method, operations are applied and between protein compounds, the equipment aimed at intensification gradually loses its mechanical strength as a result of the transformation of the cola technological process with the improvement of the quality of the homogenate into gelatin and glutin, which also facilitates new products, reducing the duration of the thermal hydrogenation and degreasing of raw materials I7|. In this way, processing, consumption of energy resources, occupied area and defatted semi-finished product are obtained without loss of weight of the equipment. proteins before the start of the process of complete digestion

In the claimed method, in contrast to the analogue of washing and sterilization, i.e., the further thermal operation of grinding combined with a short-term process at high temperatures will take place - heating of the raw material, which ensures partial drying without the presence of fat. boiling To carry out this operation, a partial hydrolysis of protein compounds is carried out under a moderate temperature regime. Therefore, AVZh-245, which is used for semi-finished products, is subject to further processing by heating. making fat raw materials at meat processing plants (5. The semi-finished product coming out of the centrifuge,

The advantages of using such a combined operation are extruding with the aim of: - complete boiling and sterilization of the raw material - - grinding of all types of tissues (muscle, connective; nuval, fat, small bone) and transformation - - deepening the hydrolysis of proteins for increasing its absorption into a finely ground mixture; protein content in the finished product. - carrying out the process at temperatures of 65- According to the data of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute, 85"C in a thin layer for 4-6 seconds, which allows to obtain weakly hydrolyzed protein positive principles of the use of auger semi-finished products without loss of proteins, vitamins and other useful substances for the production of feed products, such as: - obtaining high-quality feed fish - - rapid flow of technological fat without increased content of free fats, acids and color deterioration; - short-term the effect of heating and pressure on - all the main grinding and heating operations - ensures the hydrolysis of proteins to a digestible form; raw materials are carried out in the off-center mode - the smallest losses of water-soluble compounds and with a high frequency of rotation, which ensures the production of products of hydrolytic breakdown of proteins due to the process within a few seconds.

After the AVZh-245 machine, removing the liquid and getting along. of the fatty part is provided by centrifugation According to the works of Soviet physicists and chemists N.S. with the use of horizontal sedimentation Yenikopyan and M.L. Fridman (41) is a semi-finished product of a screw centrifuge NOGSh-325, which allows to be imagined as a multi-component mixture containing the smallest loss of dense mass due to the gradual low-viscosity substance (water-fat fraction from pouring a slightly denatured product into it. The same active proteins) and the dense mass of the centrifuge semi-finished product is used in the analogue - centrifuge feed flour. When pressing through a press using a drying method, in which the solid part of the semi-finished product rises in a centrifuge, the boiled mass is brought to the broth and the center is turned to the screw, the moisture is squeezed out to the walls of the state. forming channel, that is, the body of the press, and the

The following processes take place in raw materials (1). When the two-phase current |4, figure "4-c" is flowing, local grinding and heating open art. 266|. Thanks to this, even the smallest particles of protein capillaries easily penetrate into the fat removed from the dust and inorganic compounds pressed into the cells. Under the simultaneous action of heating and weighting, they are pushed to the center and pushed out by the auger. In addition, according to the works of the same physico-chemists in the coupling, fat and moisture easily overcome the capillary force. The removal of fat and moisture from the screw equipment begins, the raw material ends up under the particle. For further extraction of fat and moisture by the action of high pressure and shear deformation (turning its pressure should be sufficient to overcome the resistance of the auger by almost 3607). This stimulates a whole series for the migration of individual drops of fat and moisture due to chemical reactions in solid bodies: both molecules and atom-compacted mass of the semi-finished product. Under such pressure, the organisms acquire extremely high mobility and become active during centrifugation in the screw centrifugation |). fuzi NOGSH-325. In this way, a defatted semi-finished product is obtained under the simultaneous action of temperature, before the start of the process of full pressure and deformation in the screw press, boiling and sterilization takes place, that is, further rapid hydrolysis of proteins. A similar effect is produced by the thermal process at high temperatures and with the bleaching compounds of the intestine it will fall without the presence of fat. person, other pathogenic microorganisms and bacteria,

At the same time, the state of proteins begins to change, that is, they are destroyed, and the product is disinfected already at a temperature of 30-35"C, their coagulation takes place. If heat treatment is started at a high temperature, then in the surface layer of moisture. The semi-finished product enters the press with moisture, rapid coagulation of proteins and cell juice tyu 35-4095. Moisture in the screw press protrudes as it will remain inside the raw material particles. When the coa- plasticizer, by analogy with polymer promisculation, proteins give a significant proportion of the moisture that is caught, i.e. reduces the temperature of physical and chemical- is contained in them, at the same time, the mass of fish tissue of their transformations, prevents burning of the pro- Particles of raw materials fall under the combined effect of centrifugal force, grinding and thermal

Thanks to the removal of moisture on the centrifugal and heating, which leads to the beginning of the destruction of non-screw equipment, the further process of drying - only the raw material tissues, with the removal of them, the flour bran after extrusion is reduced in g Its fat. A mixture consisting of chasa is formed, i.e. the fodder fat-containing broth and a suspension of solid chasa-fish meal are dried. At the exit from the extruder, there is a fan. Such a mass at a temperature of up to 85 degrees C decreases the viscosity of the product by 8-1095, therefore, it is pressed into a pressure vessel by an AVZh machine, and the product is dried to a mass fraction of moisture of 10. transport continuously operating horizontal screw means or in a drying drum. centrifuge NOGSh-325 for separating

Implementation of the declared new technological product from the emulsion - fat-containing broth method and a set of equipment will allow ion І5)І. The process that takes place in the centrifuge achieve the following technical results: given in the description. - reduction of the term of heat treatment of raw materials; screw, where drying of the semi-finished product takes place - increasing the mass fraction of proteins in the finished product by extracting steam masses from the screw. For half-feed fish meal from 6495 to 700-759, the product is submitted for extrusion in a screw press that meets the standards of Ukraine and international press-extruders of the PPRM or A1-KHP type. standards: From a screw press-extruder type PPRM Ib, - obtaining fodder flour without loss of protein 8), in which the mass of two ki, vitamins and compounds that ensure growth with the reduction of the step to exit at temperature takes place, birds and fish; temperature up to 15073 for 3-6 minutes, it turns out - obtaining high-quality forage fish - a product with a moisture content of 25-30. why fat; The working principle of the A1-KHP extruder is as follows: the assembly of a continuous-acting set: semi-finished product with a moisture content of 30-3595 from the hopper for the production of feed fish meal from the machine through an adjustable valve enters the application of the equipment, which, in comparison with the housing between the screw and the walls, the pressing screw - the analogue has smaller dimensions, mass and consumes energy before output. Pressure increases due to friction, permeability; duct, the temperature rises, the process takes place - it is possible to create fodder production at a temperature of 135-145 degrees C, the mass of fishmeal with a capacity of 500 kg/h becomes plastic and is squeezed out through holes in us on small areas of up to 100 m2 in the presence of a matrix. The product obtained by extrusion - electric current with a voltage of 3808; due to a rapid decrease in pressure on - broth (the liquid part of the emulsion, the product loses moisture (121. from the NOGSh-325 centrifuge) is a cli minimal intra- proteins and other compounds and can be used tach. The processing time of the product is from 15 seconds to for the preparation of wet mash during fattening - several minutes. The results of extrusion are neither animals and poultry, and also as a substitute for chicken testicles hydrolysis of multi-chain proteins. in therapeutic -dietary preparations for young animals Thanks to the removal of moisture on the centrifugal and - artificial colostrum, lysozyme, sugar-egg mixture.

Special conditions for the implementation of this method: the flour is reduced in time, that is, processing of raw materials without signs of decay; drying of feed fish meal. - equipment for heating the casings of the AVZh machine - the product is discharged from the extruder into the screw, 245, of the NOGSh-325 screw centrifuge; in which drying is carried out by extracting steam - daily sanitary treatment of the equipment of raw materials, or with the same auger it is fed for drying at the end of the work. drum. After drying, feed flour is ready

The new method consists of the following techno- transferred to the warehouse for preparatory logical operations: grinding of raw materials to tons- operations for storage, storage and sale. of the crushed mass with simultaneous heating of it According to Humenyuk (11), who carried out in-flow; removal of moisture and fish oil in species with a fodder protein-fat additive with a view of broth from a semi-finished product in a centrifuge (collagen-containing raw materials ), in an extruded bath; boiling and sterilization of a semi-finished product, crude protein content from 5595 to 9595, by extrusion, drying of feed fat from 1 to 1595, depending on the type of raw material. fish meal. During extrusion, fat-soluble vitamins are preserved

For the implementation of the new method, compounds A, 0, E, K were composed. Volatile components are not formed in the fat. the finished product with long-term thermal screw press-extruder, pre-drying, processing in the drum and are toxic substances. or in the flow in the vehicle. The emulsion from the NOGSH-325 centrifuge drains

The sequence of actions is as follows: the first stage is spread by gravity into the receiving tank, from where the equipment is pumped into parts of the equipment to the 9576. sump until it is fully warmed up by the AVZh-130 internal odden machine. There is stratification, fish-

In a separate room, tested fish fat is poured into a separate container. Sediment that is fed directly into the AVZH-245 odometer machine. contains the smallest parts of the semi-finished product, transfers

are sent to the extruder for further processing. The broth of the electric motor, the upper one - for the receiving one (the liquid part of the mixture) accumulates in the sedimentation hopper. Two nozzles for feeding are welded into the body, and then it is sent to farms for steam extraction and removal from the machine of melted fat for animal and poultry feeding. masses

The fugat from the screw press is concentrated. The main working body of the machine is the perfo-emulsion of fish oil, which is pumped into a repulsed, rotating drum with holes for stratification. diameter bmm on its surface. In the center of the drum-

After finishing the work, it is necessary to attach the movable knife provided for the first daily washing of the equipment, because the remains of the raw grinding of the raw material and throwing it away will rot, the remains of the semi-finished product and the wall of the drum. On the inner side of the drum of the product during further heat treatment, two fixed knives will be placed, which will cut off the burnt parts, all of this will fall into the finished product and particles of raw materials will be poured into the holes of the drum. Prin- worsens its quality. The mechanism of action is as follows: particles of raw materials fall under

To implement the stated method, we propose the combined effect of centrifugal force, the application of the known and currently operating heating, which leads to the beginning of the destruction of equipment in Ukraine and to make it continuous not only of raw material fabrics, but also multi-lane non-active kit for heat treatment of fish roe compounds with removal of moisture and raw materials from the cells in the above-mentioned composition. fat A mixture consisting of emu-

For identification of equipment offering solutions and suspensions of solid particles. This is the mass itself, the description and technical characteristics are given. the machine is squeezed into a pressure accumulator.

Centrifugal machine type AVZH-245 (|13) is used in the meat industry for fine destruction, heating of the raw milk industry for melting fat from fat and draining fat from it. The technical characteristics of raw materials for the production of liver sausages are given below. boiling the lungs, heart, liver, for the production of

The machine consists of a frame, a body, a collection of fodder flour from livestock waste and a central perforated drum, 2 non-moving animals. a set of knives, 1 movable knife, a receiving bunke - In the claimed method, the functions of an electric motor are used. centrifugal machine for grinding raw materials,

The drum is melted in the body, which represents its transformation into a finely destroyed mass, by heating a pipe with 2 flanges: the lower one - for fixing, removing fat and moisture from the cells.

Technical characteristics of the centrifugal machine AVZH-245(13)

Productivity, kutodina.dH 77711111 lamb 0016 245 drum, mm

Electric motor; 77711111

The horizontal screw centrifuge NOGSh-body, which has a tilt in the opposite direction from 325 is provided for the distribution of suspensions in chemical- discharge of slag, flows out of the centrifuge. meat, dairy, food industry. The centrifuge is unpressurized, with explosion-proof

A centrifuge is a horizontal machine powered by an electric motor. The parts that come into contact with the deposition-type auger, which consists of the product being processed, are made of alloy steel, the body, the perforated rotor, the auger, and the perforated steel. electric motor, receiving funnel. The main set of delivery: the centrifuge assembled with organs is an auger located in a perforated electric motor and a vibration-isolating device. rotor The pitch of the turns of the screw to the outlet is reduced. In the claimed method, the main diameter of the body of the turns is used, which contributes to the improvement of the function of the horizontal screw centrifuge to increase the pressure during the movement of the product to the outlet. Under the action of pressure and centrifugal force from the mixture, which part (fat and moisture) and wet solid residue. coming from the AVZh machine, the emulsion separates from the slag (hard part of the raw material), which is shown in table 3. com is squeezed out of the centrifuge. Emulsion (a mixture Screw press-extruder b, 8| provided for moisture and fat) is thrown onto the walls of the rotor, which is used to press seeds and obtain oil. The technical one rotates, passes through the holes and along the chute. The characteristics are given below. The screw press is a one- or two-screw machine, which presses seeds at a temperature of - consists of a bed, a body, a zeer barbar, which can be adjusted in the range of 60-135 - well, an auger, an electric motor. The main body is 15076. two screws located in the zeer drum. The complete set of delivery of screw pressing, which is fed to the screw press, the extruder: press, electric motor, reducer, remote control under the influence of pressure, which increases during pressing. bathroom to the exit. Under the action of pressure, the oil is squeezed out. In the claimed method, the main part of the pulp is used, it passes through the holes in the zeer bar - the function of the press screw as an extruder, that is, for a bath and is collected in a pallet. The cake is squeezed out by boiling and sterilizing the product thanks to a zeer auger. The screw shaft of the press has non-heating in a thin layer on the screw thread. to the rotation frequency - from 5 to Zbob/min. Process

Technical characteristics of the screw press extruder

Dimensions, mm 2300 1750 1200 1010 1300 1500 (Mask 1111117171185011111717717171717171711600сСсСсСш

The extruder |(121| is provided for the production of food. The extruder provides mixing, cooking, food concentrates, the main component of product cooling, which are grains of corn, rice and other cereals. In the claimed method, the main

The extruder is a hermetic device, in the function of the extruder: sterilization and welding, in the body of which there are 1 or 2 screws that melt the product due to high pressure and temperature. To heat the product at the entrance to the body, a block of electric heaters is attached to the bottom of the process of hydrolysis of protein compounds. At the exit of the digestive form. a matrix with a cutting mechanism is placed from the body. It is possible to use extruders from the polymer industry with more powerful productivity.

Technical characteristics of extruders

K65 (Frequency of rotation of the screw, s!

Diameter of holes in the matrix, mm.o//////777777711111Ї111111112811Ї111111111111111111

Based on the above data, the equipment and its technical characteristics, a comparative table of signs and indicators of the stated total data on the duration of the thermal process, the method and the set of equipment and analogues were compiled. energy consumption of the occupied area and declared mass

In this table, the following are compared: a set and an analogue, vehicles are not taken into account - operations that make up the declared conspiracy; self and method of analogue; - the quality of finished fish meal according to one of the main indicators.

Comparison table

SsposIB POSIB

Grinding of raw materials to a finely crushed mass with Grinding of raw materials to a finely crushed mass by simultaneous heating in the flow

Boiling

Centrifugation Centrifugation

Extrusion Drying

Drying

SET OF EQUIPMENT SET OF EQUIPMENT

The productivity of the set is 500 kg/hour of raw materials. The productivity of the set is 300 kg/hour of raw materials

AVZh-245 heating machine for detailing IZhS-1 fish cutter for grinding raw materials, slaking and partial boiling of raw materials, electrode | quadromotor 4.5 kW, occupied area 2 sq.m., weight of the engine 15 kW, occupied area 0.Sq.m., mass 250 kg, output 881 kg, duration 4-6 seconds steam consumption 150 kg/hour, duration 4-6 seconds

Boiler IMM/2 for boiling and sterilizing raw materials, electric motor 5kW, steam consumption 5vOkg/hour, occupied area sq.m., weight 4158kg, duration 2-3 hours

Centrifuge NOGSH-325 for separation of fatty broth Centrifuge NOGSH-325 for separation of fat-bearing broth, electric motor 7 kW, steam consumption | containing broth, electric motor 7 kW, consumption 150 kg/h, occupied area 4.3 square meters, weight 720 kg, duration | you steam 150 kg/h, the occupied area is 4.3 sq.m., the weight is 2-3 min. 720 kg duration 2-3 min.

A fan with a heater for drying semi-finished products in a vehicle, electric motor 2.1 kW, occupied area 0.Sq.m, weight 100Okg, duration 2-3 minutes.

Extruder A1-KHP for complete boiling and sterilization of the product, electric motor 21 kW, occupied area 1.5 square meters, weight 130O5 kg, duration 1-6 minutes.

Drum for drying flour, electric motor T1-IZhS7 drying unit for drying dense calorifier 3 kW, drum 2.7 kW, occupied area of mass after centrifugation, electric motor 2.1 sq.m, weight 1500 kg, duration 20-30 min. 21.5 kW, steam consumption 560 kg/h, occupied area 22.8 sq.m, weight 10961 kg, duration 2-3 hours.

QUALITY QUALITY

Mass fraction of protein 70-7590 in Mass fraction of protein up to 6495 depending on the type of raw material

COMPARISON

The duration of the thermal process is 25-30 minutes. 72-113 min.

Power of electric motors 51, AKkW ZakWt

Steam consumption, kg/hour

Zoo 1290

Occupied area, 81,351 square meters

Mass, kg 3875 16720

Thus, the comparisons show that com- 3. Mdynaradze T.D. "The processing of the by-product analogue is designed for large volumes of animal feed". M. 1987. reprocessing of fish waste, the declared method and 4. International Yearbook "Science and Humanity - a set of equipment - for medium and small fisheries: available and accurate information about the main in the world processing enterprises. The given data are also scientific evidence", 1987 talk about the possibility of achieving the declared technical 5. Lieberman S.GL Food production result. of fat at meat processing plants". M. 1982.

References: 6. JSC "Ros" "Catalog of recycling 1. Trukhin N.V. "Rational use of equipment" Kharkov, 2001. fish oil". M. 1985. 7. A.N. Mykhailov "Collagen of each layer and 2. Reference book "Chemical basis of food processing". Moscow, 1971. Product". M. 1979.

8. Information sheet of the republican navigation and public nutrition in the feed and production association "Ukrexpo-Protses" - them". K. 1993. UEP-150 installation. 12. Krotov I.T. "Technological equipment

9. Isaev V.A. "Forage fish meal". M. 1985. nie pishkekoncentratnoi enterprises

10. Krylova N.N., Lyaskovskaya Y.N. "Biochemistry of industry", Voronezh, 1990. meat". Moscow, 1968. 13. Technical passport of the Poltava plant

11. N. Gumenyuk G.D., Korobko A.N. "Ispolzova - "Myasomolmash" on a centrifugal machine AVZh - waste processing of livestock products - 245. Poltava, 1989.

Computer layout L. Lytvynenko Signed Circulation 26 approx.

Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine

State Department of Intellectual Property, str. Urytskogo, 45, Kyiv, MSP, 03680, Ukraine

SE "Ukrainian Institute of Industrial Property", str. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601