UA57159C2 - Method for forming a display pattern (variants); device and display for the realization of the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method that involves, during the access interval Tr of a row electrode or electrodes to the column electrodes of a screen, additionally supplying a reference voltage Vo located between voltages having a different sign relative to Vo as well as voltages having a different sign relative to Vo and a constant duration. The different-sign levels are located at the limits of the interval Tr and said levels are arranged in Tr according to the following order in the adjacent Tr, in the adjacent column busses, in the adjacent frames. The method also involves shifting the volt age pulses for the groups of column electrodes (Fig. 21). The control device includes a unit of transistors having output resistance values which are close to each other. The method also involves applying to the screen electrodes compensation voltages that do not depend on the subject of the image. The shape of the control pulses provides for an automatic compensation of the parasitic changes in the pixel brightness. In order to provide a two-row access, the method involves generating column voltages having a main component and an equalising component. The row and column voltages are determined by the equations and in which is a voltage adjustment parameter. The Nmax value of the screen is at least equal to the Nmaxo number which is defined by a type of control diagram.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to electronics, to microelectronics, where means of displaying information, flat, 2 liquid crystal (LC, IC), passive-matrix (PM, RM), projection screens, screens for three-dimensional vision (in the form of glasses, helmet, etc. ), to methods and means of controlling LCD screens, to the computer, television industry, and engineering industries that use flat screens.

A known direct vision screen (US patent Mo5099345| or projection screen (US patent Mo54651021) is structurally or optically connected to an LCD panel or contains an LCD panel. The panel includes at least two 70 transparent, non-conductive substrates, such as glass plates , located opposite each other with a gap filled with an RC substance, for example, nematic, the composition and formulas of which are given in US patents

Mo5099345, 5262881. An LCD substance, oriented in a certain way, turns the plane of polarization of light passing through it from the side of the substrate to an angle that depends on the value of the rms voltage applied to it (skn or gooi theap-zdptsage |gtv) mho(ade) . The voltage to the LCD of the substance comes from 19 light-transparent electrodes, or tires, applied to the inner sides of substrates that conduct electric current. Buses of one of the substrates (for example, in the number of M strips, where M»2), which are called row, or general, or scanned, or U-buses, are located diagonally to the tires of the other substrate (for example, in the number of M strips, to

M52), which are called columnar or informational, or segmental, or X tine. Buses form a system (set) or several systems of M x M LCD cells (cells or cells) in the LCD layer of the screen material, for example, two in screens with double parallel scanning of two halves of the screen. An LCD cell (further sometimes referred to as a cell) together with two light-polarizing films located on both sides of the LCD material layer when the panel is operating in light transmission mode, or together with a light-polarizing film located on one side of

LCD layer when the panel is operating in the light reflection mode, as well as with possible other additional elements, for example, glass or films that compensate for color distortions or compensate for 29 dynamic distortions caused by the effect of "frame response" (Chgate gezropve) | US patent Mo5599478, 8. (U

SsSyneg ei ai.,, ZIYUO Oidevi oi Tesppisa! Raregv, pp. 159-162, 1994), which expand the viewing angle (US patent

Mo5600462), color or other filters located, for example, on a substrate or a panel next to it, will form a unit cell that forms a "point" image element on the screen, called a pixel

Srehe!", "aob). At the same time, the LCD cell forms or sets the dimensions of the pixel, and the voltages on its electrodes set its brightness. i am

Nematic molecules, twisted at a large angle, from 902 (or 1802) to 3602 |T.9U. Zspeyeg apa 9. Mengipo, Arri.

Rpuz Hey., my. 45, Mo10, pp: 1021-1023, 1984), called "super-twistnematic" (STN, ZTM) STN LCD cells - allowed to create passive-matrix LCD screens with a large number of row electrodes, controlled - multiplex, sufficient in terms of the number of rows to create computer and television screens without the use of active elements used for this purpose in active matrix (AM) LCD screens. and

The section of the PM LCD screen in plan is schematically shown in Fig. 1, on which the elements X 4, X",... Chr. Khy denote the columnar electrodes, and the elements Mu, Mo, ..., M, ... Hu are the row electrodes of the screen. Voltages on the electrodes of the screen come from the control devices, including from the side of row and column drivers (gozhm apa « du soYishtp ahimegv). with

The PM LCD screen is controlled in various ways, the basis of which, as a rule, is the sequential sampling of rows from the screen, that is, the sequential supply of sampling voltages to the row electrodes of the panel, selected one by one or in groups of electrodes. At the same time, a reference voltage is applied to the unselected row electrodes, and a voltage is applied to the column electrodes, which sets the brightness of the pixels of the selected lines of the screen. To determine the characteristics of the screen, values of scn on the electrodes of the LCD cell and diagrams of control voltages, the volt-brightness sl 15 characteristic (Bgidnipezz-moMKade spagasiegiviis) of the elementary cell of the screen is used.

Variants of the voltage-brightness characteristic of the elementary cell of the screen, which forms the image element of the screen, are shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The optical characteristics of such a cell in the working zone of luminances, - measured in Ka/t2, depend on the value of the applied scn, measured in M. On the horizontal axis of these figures, the values of scn "These, created on the LCD cell, located between the row and th electrode and 1 column |th electrode, on the vertical axis - corresponding to these scan values of the brightness of the pixel connected

Ge) with this RC cell. (Further brackets """ and """ emphasizing the mean-squareness of the parameter can be omitted). Differences in the possible forms of the characteristics shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are determined by the differences in the designs of the unit cell of the screen, including the different mutual orientation of the Polarizer and the analyzer | see K. NegkKe ei a!., BIO Oidevi oi Tesppisa! Raregv, pp. 573-576, 19961.

The operating values (operating points) of the LCD cell, forming its working area, are located on (F) the voltage-brightness characteristic in the area with a sharp change in the brightness of the pixel from a state close to

GI of maximum brightness In the roof, TO a state close to the minimum brightness In dil. The lower limit value of the voltage of the operating zone Shu is called the limit voltage. The other limit state of the working zone is far from br. The value of Sh is small in comparison with ХО, the quantity called the transition voltage ("Chgapeyiop moKade") is usually denoted by dl.

The intermediate working points of skn between the values of OO and Shuzhl set intermediate states of brightness, the so-called "gray" gradation. The state in which the screen is located when the screen is installed on the LCD electrodes of the cell skn, equal to O, is traditionally called the off state or the "o" state for both variants of the voltage-brightness characteristic, b5 shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, although according to the meaning of the name it makes sense for the first of these characteristics.

Similarly, the state of the screen when installed on the LCD electrodes of the cell skn, equal to Shk, is called the on state or the "op" state. Everything said about the volt-brightness characteristic can be extended to the volt-luminance characteristic of the screen, in which the "brightness" parameter (etiyapse, Ishtipoiz etiKapse), unlike the "brightness" parameter, which characterizes the light flux in the solid angle, refers to the full light flux , which is transmitted or reflected by the screen element. Instead of the concepts "brightness", "luminosity" you can use the general concept "volt-light characteristic" (Idpi-moMade spagasiegiviis). Further, this concept is also considered as a substitute for other, often used optical characteristics, such as the "transmission volt coefficient" (iIgapztizviop-moMade) or "reflection volt coefficient" (hePesiapse-hoKade) of the screen, which contain a steep section of the characteristic, shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3. 70 The first prototype of this invention is a method of controlling a PM LCD screen with one-line (ordinal) sampling, described as a prototype in US patent Mo5162932. This method is also called "Alta and Pleshko method" or "improved Alta and Pleshko method" see the classification of methods and their names in the article by U. Nigai et al., ZIOYUO 97 BISE5T p.401-404, and the link below to the work of Alta and Pleshko). When controlling the PM LCD screen by the first method - the prototype, the time dependences of the control voltages are shown in two figures:

Fig. 4 - in the case of the absence of pulse-width modulation (PWM, ryive m/p toashiaenop, RMUM) of column signals, and Fig. 5 in the case of formation of "gray" gradations using PWM of column signals. In both figures, Mu denotes the voltage applied to the row electrode U; of the screen, Mo) is the voltage applied to the columnar electrode X) of the screen.

MitMeu Mu - the voltage applied to the electrodes of the LCD cell(s) of the screen, including shown in Fig.1. Inscriptions to op", "oi" or "dgau" (Ssire") in these and other figures containing diagrams of control voltages indicate the brightness of the pixel associated with the selected cell. The concept of "dgau" in them indicates the brightness that differs from "op" and "oh".

The method consists in the formation for line electrodes of the screen of voltage pulses M, (line pulses, line sample pulses), constant in terms of the absolute value of the deviation from a certain voltage M o (basic, reference voltage) and of the same duration T, and for column electrodes of the screen of voltage pulses M s (columnar pulses), constant in terms of the absolute value of the deviation from M o and, in the general case, of variable (8) duration, which specifies information about the brightness of pixels. Row pulses are applied to M row electrodes of the screen in turn, one for each electrode, providing pulses to all M row electrodes during the TE frame time interval equal to the sum of M time intervals T, (ie TE-MT). Direction of deviation of linear and Ge!

From the pulses with respect to the Mo voltage (the signs of the MMo and Mo-Mo potential differences) are changed to the opposite after some time, for example, in each subsequent frame, ensuring that the average voltage applied to the LCD cell is equal to zero. In order to reduce the value of the supply voltages, when moving to the next frame "- simultaneously with changes in the direction of the line pulses, the value of the reference voltage M 5 itself is changed, for example, from the value U dyn Mo" (then, in the next frame, back), in the opposite direction change in the direction of linear voltage pulses. Thus, the improved method of Alta and Pleshko, proposed by N. Kaulakati, differs from the method considered by the authors themselves. The reference voltage M 5 (Moi or Mo") is applied to M-1 of the unselected row electrodes and keeps its value constant on the row electrode in each frame during the entire time of the electrode not being selected, that is, during the time (M-)T M. Formed relative to Mo, the columnar pulses voltage

Me, as noted, in the general case can have a different sign (M 5 - Mo) not only during TE time, but also during T time (see Fig. 5). The level of impulses Mo, which does not coincide in sign with the sign of impulse M, relative to Mo, with c is capable of forming the "op" state, can be denoted as level M (op), and the level of impulses Mo, which coincide in sign . with the sign of the momentum M, relative to Mo, capable of forming the state "oi", can be denoted as the level of M s (oi). and? The durations of pulses Mo (op) and Mo (oi), respectively, for one and (Gl; for the other), are set in the general case by variables, each varies from 0 to T, depending on the information that needs to be displayed on the screen, but so , so that their total duration is equal to the sampling time T,, i.e. GSpon-Tr. s The method of forming gray gradations using the so-called "frame-by-frame" or "frame-by-frame" modulation (Chigate toatsiakop) is also widely used, which consists in feeding during a series frames (frame fields) for each

Sh is a selected cell of combinations of voltages Mo(op) and Me(oiZ), each of constant duration T,. This method, including - used together with pulse-width modulation, also serves as a variant of the prototype of this invention.

At the same time, the concepts of "frame" (Chgate) and "field" (Cheii) are used as synonyms in patent descriptions. In this description, based on what is accepted in television technology, the concept of "frame" is associated with the full amount of information,

Ge) necessary for a one-time assignment of the brightness of all points (pixels) of the screen, and the frame time is understood as the time when all voltage pulses are applied to the electrodes of the screen for the assignment of this information. At the same time, the term "field" refers to the time of a one-time sampling of all pixels of the screen, which does not always coincide with the delivery of the full amount of information to all pixels of the screen. Therefore, instead of the concept of "frame modulation", it is better to use the concept of "field modulation" (Peiy toatsiaiop), because complete information for all pixels of the screen, which reflects their

F) gray level, arrives at the electrodes of the LCD cell for several fields of the frame (for four, eight, etc.). Still, the term "frame modulation" is used here as generally accepted.

Skn on (ii)th cell, where i is the serial number of the row bus associated with the cell and | - the ordinal number of the bar bus connected to the cell is created by repeatedly (for dozens of frames) supplying row voltage pulses of constant duration to the ith bar bus, and bar voltage pulses, in the general case, of variable duration (as a rule, from a discrete set of durations ), on the column tire.

As for the values of the voltage levels and their connection with the parameters of the screen, there are no such data in the materials of the cited patents. The absence of clearly significant data reflects the fact that they are known from the state of the art. 65 It follows from the state of the art that the requirements for PM parameters of the LCD screen controlled by the prototype method and the value of the row and column control pulse voltages are determined taking into account the voltage-brightness characteristic of the screen element, based on the theory of Alta and Pleshko (AK R.M., Rieziko R., IEEEE Iigapv.

Eissigop Oemisez, Moi. EO-21, Mo2, pp. 146-155, 1974). At the same time, the amplitudes M and Mo of the pulses are set, focusing on the parameters (ША) of the voltage-brightness characteristic of the screen cell, on the number of row buses

M, participating in scanning, and on the calculated relations found by Alto and Pleshko (given below) for the values of У and Мо, which depend on the number of М and on the values of Ц and А.

Alt and Pleshko introduced the parameter p-A/d,;, which makes it possible to determine the maximum number of M groin lines visible on the screen with given values of Ц,, and A with optimal control by methods containing a sequential (one at a time) sampling of row electrodes:

Mtpah U (rud? and DY kr)?1? () determining the maximum number of multiplex row electrodes.

For small r (large Mlah), expression (1) takes on a simple form:

Mtakh- 1/re-(shSchiA)? (2)

The numerical parameter Muach, which depends on the structural characteristics of the screen cell, affecting the values of Ц,y, A and, accordingly, р, is an important characteristic of the PM LCD screen. A necessary condition of provision

According to Alt and Pleshko, the PM LCD screen of maximum image clarity is the fulfillment of equality:

Mtakh- M (3)

On each of the M scanned (row) electrodes of the LCD screen with cells satisfying condition (3), voltage pulses should be applied, the levels of which, relative to the reference voltage M and regardless of the sign, satisfy the expressions calculated by Alt and Pleshko: Ge)

With p m, - Mp LY ru 2 ajry-1 . (o) or, taking into account expression (1), condition (3) and a small value of p,

IF) (4) mr- V M - nd u

Similarly, it is necessary to apply voltage levels to the columnar electrodes: yu moe V. a ruch, 2 or, at small values of p, « 5

Me - Tsi ia 2 "» The voltage applied to the LCD cell of the screen consists of the difference in voltages M (u-Me(u. Voltages (4) and (5), " applied during sampling in antiphase or in phase to the buses of the selected cell , form on its electrodes voltages of t or y y y vom snya - These voltages, after multiple sampling of the cell, create the first part of the screen on its electrodes, the value of which, together with the other part of the screen, created outside the time of the specified samples, forms in the elementary - cell of the optical screen state "op" or "oi" To form intermediate values of the voltage, which set gradations of sl 50 "gray", a combination of both voltages, Mo(op) during yup, and M.(oi) are applied to the columnar electrode of the LCD cell during its sampling during it, under the condition of equality (opnoye-TT. 3e) To characterize the ratio of control voltages in patent materials and in literary sources, the parameter "shift coefficient" B ("Biaz gayo") is used, defined as the ratio of voltages B-M (MK- Mo) for the "op" state. With the control of the RC ek considered here early with Mudakh-M with the values of control voltages Alta and Pleshka, the shift coefficient is described by the expression v-Mat (0 ime)

According to what has been said, the known screen, designed for the first method of control and for control 60 voltages, which satisfy the relationship (4) and (5) resulting from condition (3), contains a layer between two substrates

LCD material, the molecules of which are twisted during the manufacture of the screen to an angle that determines the value of the parameters of the scn Tsi A of the volt-brightness characteristic of the LCD cells of the screen, the square of the ratio of which, denoted by M times, is close to or equal to the number M of scanned line electrodes of the screen.

The use of a highly twisted (supertwist) nematic RC material, which creates small values of l, which, as a rule, decrease with an increase in the angle of rotation of the RC molecules, made it possible to create

PM LCD screens with a large number of M scanned lines, up to 240, 300 and 378 in "da! zsap" type screens for MOA, 5MOA and HOA standards.

The disadvantages of the first known method of controlling the well-known PM LCD screen are the low contrast of the image and the low speed (which determines the low frequency of changing scenes) compared to the AM LCD screen, whose thin-film transistors or other active elements maintain the control potential on the LCD cell until the arrival of the next sampling pulse . In contrast to AM LCD screens, in PM LCD screens controlled by the prototype method, 5095 of the desired value of the LCD cell's scn is created by influencing it by pulsed line voltages that have a large gap and a large amplitude of deviation from the reference /o voltage Mo, which is many times higher than the value of skn set by these pulses. The other part of the circuit is established by the continuous effect of columnar voltages of small constant amplitude on the cell. Liquid linear pulses of large amplitude cause significant fluctuations in the orientation of LCD molecules and fluctuations in the corresponding light or optical characteristics of screen pixels close to the state determined by the value of scn on the LCD cell.

This is explained by the time diagrams in Fig. b, which correlate with the volt-light diagram of Fig. 2 or Fig. 3. On both time diagrams of Fig. 6, the dashed lines indicate the levels of SCO and SH for states "oh!" and "op", set by the control row and column voltages. The diagram of the modulus of the difference of the instantaneous values of these voltages (Mo-Mii), which determines the states of "op'i "oi" on the (iYi)-H cell, is shown on the upper time diagram.

The solid line in the lower diagram of Fig. b6 traces the value of some parameter of the cell, which we will hereinafter call "quasi root mean square voltage" (quasi skn, dcazi-gte moMade). Each value of quasi-skn in Fig. b6 corresponds to a certain orientation of the LCD molecules of the cell in the space that they would occupy during the long-term effect of a constant voltage of the specified value on the electrodes of the LCD cell. Fluctuations in the orientation of real LCD molecules in space under the influence of row and column voltages and fluctuations in the brightness of image elements can be estimated based on the shape and magnitude of the fluctuations of the quasi-scan cells. The "quasi-skn" parameter p

It is distinguished by the concepts of "relaxation time" (heiahaiop (te) and "reaction time" (gezropze (te, and (apeiiop (te), in contrast to the "skn" parameter, the value of which depends only on the result of a mathematical operation - about quadratic averaging in time numerical values of the control voltages. The "quasi scn" parameter simplifies and visualizes the physico-mathematical analysis of transient processes, replacing the time dependences of the orientation of molecules with the time characteristics of the corresponding quasi scn. Ge")

Fig. 6b shows constant (stationary) oscillations of the quasi-screen with a non-infinite value of the relaxation time of the LC molecules, which cause oscillations of the light or optical states of the pixels of the screen. A small number of control cycles during the relaxation time leads to large fluctuations in the quasi-scan and to large fluctuations and "blurring" of the pixel brightness. Since the brightness of the pixel practically does not increase when the scn is above the "op" level, and it practically does not decrease when the scn is below the "op", fluctuations of the quasi scn near the corresponding levels cause -

Зз5 darkening of the "white", brightening of the "black" of images and reducing the contrast and brightness of the image. This effect is called the effect of "frame response" or "frame reaction" (yagate gezropse). Shifting the scan for "black" down by adjusting the control pulses to improve contrast leads to an additional darkening of the "white" image and a decrease in brightness.

RC material with a long relaxation time, during which a large number of cycles are applied to the electrodes "

Control provides a reduction in the amplitude of quasi-screen oscillations, an increase in the contrast and brightness of the screen, 8 s but at the expense of a decrease in its speed (reduction of the permissible frequency of changing image subjects, and reproduced without distortions). "" Based on the above, a "fast" screen with LCD material, which has a short relaxation time of the orientation of molecules, should be controlled by pulses with a high frequency of passage. But at a high frequency, the shapes of the control pulses, row and column, are noticeably distorted as they propagate along the corresponding busbars, which serve as long non-homogeneous CS lines for the high-frequency harmonics of these pulses. Due to capacitive connections between different buses at high frequency, the influence of guidance and mutual influences of signals on

Different tires (the so-called cross-effect, sgozviaik). Both effects, to some extent interdependent, lead to - distortions of the screens formed on the electrodes of the LCD cell, to uneven brightness and contrast of the 5p image across the screen area, to distortions of the structure and details of the image, as well as color. etc. The effects of long lines with distributed ohmic resistance and capacitive interconnections also limit (Che) the possibilities of creating large-sized screens with high image quality, and not only passive-matrix, but also active-matrix, so the fight against them is important that goes beyond PM LCD screens.

Practically used now in PM LCD screens controlled by known methods, intermediate values of the relaxation time of LCD materials allow creating screens that are relatively cheap (compared to the cost of AM LCD and F screens), but not fast enough and with not high enough contrast and brightness of the image. There are known methods of combating the parasitic effects of frame response effects, signal distortions, and bus interactions on each other. These methods, described below, are considered here as other prototypes of the actual invention.

The second prototype of the proposed invention is the US patent Mo5301047 for variants of the method of reducing distortions of control pulses, which occur when they are propagated along row and column buses and through cross guidance. The options are based on the formation of various additional (sinusoidal, sawtooth) compensating voltages and on the imposition of these voltages in different ways on the known control pulses. 65 An example of the form of the resulting voltage Mu; on (ii)-n LCD of the cell, obtained as a result of supplying the row and column electrodes with the main voltages with additional voltages superimposed on them, is shown in Fig. 7.

The positive effect of the method can be explained by the reduction of the amplitude of the high-frequency harmonics of the pulses supplied to the buses, as a result of the collapse of their fronts and dips, which were rectangular before the imposition of compensating voltages and the reduction of their filtering level.

However, the method does not allow you to significantly increase the speed of the screens, because the formation of higher-frequency additional compensating voltages leads to the appearance of higher-frequency harmonics in the spectrum of control signals and to the deterioration of image quality. Superimposition of these additional signals on conventional control signals also prevents the formation of gradations of gray levels in PM LCD screens using pulse width modulation. 70 The third prototype of this invention is US patent Mo5162932 for a method of controlling a PM LCD screen with a single-line sample, which allows reducing the distortion of columnar control signals when they are propagated through columnar buses. The effect is achieved by applying to the line electrodes sampling voltages M, duration T, shorter than the period of the line sampling T»5, and applying to the column electrodes in the time interval Ta outside the interval T additional levels Mo(op) and Moi), located in a certain way and which alternate. In /5, one of the intervals, the Mo(op) level is placed at the beginning, and the Mo(oi) level is placed at the end of the interval, and in the next one, and then in each subsequent interval T", the location of additional levels in the T5 interval is changed.

The above is explained by the line and column voltage diagrams shown in Fig. 8. Voltage M is applied to the ith line electrode of the screen, voltage M s; - on |Ith columnar electrode of the screen. A voltage M| is created on the electrodes of the (II)-th 2o Cell Mori Mo" is the value of the reference voltage in the adjacent frames. Additional levels are provided within the time intervals TT" outside T, that is, during the intervals T-Tu. As follows from the diagram for the column voltage Mo, at any pixel brightness, "op'"op" or "dgau", the number of voltage drops from the Me(op) state to the Me(op) state and back during the sampling interval T 5 becomes equal to one (compared to two drops during the interval T in the diagram of Fig. 5 for each of the "dgau" states.) The number of such drops of current during the frame, in contrast to the diagram in Fig. 5, does not depend on the information state of the selected pixels.

Thus, the method allows to reduce the number of voltage drops from state M (op) to state i) up to two times

Me(ot) and back, to reduce the harmful effect of the resistance of the columnar electrode and the capacity of the LCD material on the accuracy of the formation of the screen, and to increase the uniformity of the distortions of small plots of the image vertically.

However, the decrease in the duration of the line pulses of the sample T in comparison with the period of the line sample T 5 Ge!

Zo Causes an increase in the amplitude of linear voltage pulses in t /1T times. As a result of this, the contribution of the distortion of pulses in the process of their propagation along the line busses and the contribution of the value of the cross interference to the change in the cell voltage associated with these busses increase by (T5/tT). "-

In the materials of the patent and in the state of the art, there is no information about the structural characteristics of the LCD screen capable of providing high image quality when controlled by this method. Using this method for - z5 Controlling screens designed for the Alta and Pleshko method will lead to a decrease in image contrast.

In US patent Mo5151690, which is the fourth prototype of this invention, a method of PM control is proposed

LCD screen with a single-line sampling, which allows to reduce the inhomogeneity of the image on the screen, which occurs due to the distortion of columnar control signals in the process of their propagation along the columnar buses. "

The effect is achieved by counting the number of voltage changes applied to each column bus in the period 7-3) s of the frame time, forming compensating column voltages, taking into account the number of specified changes, and applying compensating voltages to the corresponding column electrode during the additional of the entered time interval;" in the frame time period outside the sampling intervals of the screen elements. During the action of the additional interval, a reference voltage is applied to all row electrodes.

This is explained by the row and column voltage diagrams shown in Fig. 9. Voltage Mu is applied to the ith line electrode of the screen, voltage M; - on the Yth columnar electrode of the screen, voltage M; applied to the electrodes of the cell. Moi and Mo" - the value of the reference voltage in the adjacent frames. Control voltages are applied to the screen electrodes during the TE frame time in accordance with the first control method discussed above. At the end of the sampling period of all row electrodes, during the additional time, the column electrodes 5p are supplied with scene-dependent image ("aizriau racegp") voltages that compensate for the distortion of the pulse shape.

Ge The disadvantage of the method is its not high enough efficiency, because compensating voltages that correct the value of skn far from the place of application of the control voltage to the column bus, introduce distortions in the value of skn near this place, where there were no distortions before their application. In the best case, a halving of the maximum distortion of the image brightness is achieved in some places of the screen, due to the appearance in other places of the screen, where before that distortions of the same magnitude (F, of a different sign) were not caused. ka The fifth prototype of this invention is the US patent Mo5157387 , in which a method of PM control is proposed

LCD screen with a single-line sample, the task of which is to reduce the spread over the screen area of the amount of interference created by the cross effect. The problem is solved by applying two voltage levels to the column bus during the sampling time T, regardless of the brightness that the pixel should display.

Timing diagrams of control voltages formed according to the fifth control method are shown in Fig.10 and Fig.11. Time diagrams of line voltages M y (Fig. 10) do not differ from similar diagrams of the first method-prototype (see Fig. 4). The difference in the Me column voltage diagram; (Fig. 10 and Fig. 11) from the Me diagram; 65 in Fig. 5 consists in the supply to the |-th electrode during the sampling interval T, in addition to the main voltage, which ensures the passing or non-passing of light through the pixel, one more level, additional, taking different values in different versions of the method.

Figure 10 shows variants of line voltage diagrams (My, Mo" and Moz) without using PWM.

On the Mi diagram, the reference voltage Moi or Mo appears as an additional level.

On the Mr and Moz diagrams, the additional voltage level has a sign of deviation from the reference voltage, opposite to the main one.

Additional levels on the Moi and Mso charts are always located at the end of the interval T, at time points |, marked in Fig. 10 with footnotes. The additional level "op" on the Moz diagram is always located at the end of the interval T,, at time B, and the additional level "ой" is always located at the beginning of the interval T,, at the moment 7/o of time i3. Levels b and 5 in Fig. 10 are also marked with footnotes.

When forming gray gradations on the screen by the PWM method, in the time interval of line sampling T, two voltage levels are applied to the columnar electrode, both of variable duration, by varying the duration of which the required brightness of the selected pixel is set. Unlike the first method of control with PWM (see Fig. 5), one of the levels is located in the center of the interval T,, and the second - before and after it. Fig. 11 shows eight variants of the M o, 7/5 diagram that form eight gradations of brightness.

Another difference of the considered PWM method is the presence of the second voltage level in the diagrams for brightness "op" and "oi" (in the first and last diagrams of Fig. 11). However, the method claimed by the authors does not provide a significant reduction in the twists of the skin. At a high frequency, the influence of interconnected KS-lines of row and column buses still leads to distortions in the form of control voltages, which depend on 2o moments and signs of voltage changes on adjacent (adjacent, through one, etc. ) columnar busbars, which influence the magnitude and the path of propagation of capacitive currents along the busbars of the screen to the power source.

In the materials of the patent and in the state of the art, there is no information about the structural characteristics of the LCD screen, capable of providing high image quality when controlled by this method. In the considered method, a part of the duration of each of the specified two values is changed in proportion to the brightness, without taking into account the duration of additional voltage levels. Using this method to control screens designed for the Alta and Pleshko method will lead to a decrease in image contrast. and)

The sixth prototype of the proposed invention is a method of controlling a PM LCD screen with single-line sampling and with amplitude modulation, which forms "gray" gradations. The method proposed by T.N. Rukmongazan (T.M.

KisKtopdainap) in the review of SHARAM OIZRIAMHU 92, pp. 77-80). To display brightness values to pixels, Gee! proportional to the value of K, where K in the pixel brightness range takes values in the interval of numbers from -1 to 1, information voltages are applied to the columnar electrodes, twice during the interval T, the pixel samples are transformed in a certain way. During the first half of the interval T of pixel sampling, these electrodes are supplied with a voltage "- kai-k? m, | and during the second half of the interval T, the sampling of this pixel is the voltage (k- Dec, deMo is the absolute value of the deviation of the voltage on the column bus from the reference value M 5 when sampling Alta and

Pleskuo i am

The advantage of Rukmongazan's method is the possibility of displaying a large number of "gray" levels by forming voltage pulses of constant duration, in contrast to the PWM method, in which the duration of the pulse M s(op) or MO is reduced for the task of brightness near "white" or near "black" (ой) and thus increase the error of maintaining the specified brightness unchanged at different points of the screen. Due to this, the Rukmongazan method has a margin - in terms of speed. The disadvantage of Rukmonghazan's method is the variable magnitude of the voltage drops applied to the columnar electrodes during the frame time, which causes difficult-to-resolve changes in the distortions of the pixels at pixels far from the ends of these electrodes. Twisting limits the possibilities of improving the quality of the image and the speed of the screens.

In the US patent Mo5093736, which is the seventh prototype of this invention, a method of controlling PM is proposed

LCD screen with a single-line sample and a large number of scanning electrodes (at least 300), the task of which is

Mn increase in image contrast and screen speed. By varying the values of the control voltages in the screens with the number of scanned line electrodes up to 500, made using different compositions of the LCD material and the angle of rotation of the molecules from 24059 to 3002, the highest contrast of the screen was achieved. At the same time, control voltages were applied to row and -50 column buses, for which the "shift coefficient" p was not equal to the value 1-1, and as it follows from (6), but was in the range of values from 1/4 --m/ 2003 dO1/K-ych-- M/ 503. c However, the method described in the patent does not solve the problem of creating high-speed PM LCD screens. No explanation was found in the theory of Alt and Pleshko, the results indicating the incompleteness of knowledge in the state of the art on the issue of determining the values of control voltages. 29 In US patent Mo5489919, which is the eighth prototype of this invention, a method of PM control is proposed

GF! LCD screen using multi-line sampling. A reference voltage M o of a constant value is applied to unselected row electrodes, and a voltage is applied to each selected electrode from the group of selected ones at the moment, which differs from the level of the reference voltage M o by the amount Mu or -Mo (where Mo will be considered a positive value), respectively to the specified order established for this sample type. Said order, 60 in particular, ensures that line sampling voltages are applied to the same simultaneously selected line electrodes several times during the frame time, for example, two for two-line sampling, four for three-line sampling, four for four-line sampling, etc. The groups of voltages applied to the selected row electrodes during the frame time, considered as column vectors of voltages, can, for the sake of brevity, be described, for example, by the Hadamard matrix, the value of which corresponds to the voltage "M o, and the value -1, which corresponds to the voltage -M oh Other forms of writing matrices are possible. For example, in the matrices more often used in the synthesis of electrical control circuits, the numbers -1, denoting the voltages -Mo, are replaced by the numbers 0.

A group of four time diagrams of voltages M, M, Muz and M.4, applied to four row electrodes, selected simultaneously, is shown in Fig. 12 (one of the possible options). The diagrams show the change in polarities of the voltages relative to the reference level M 21 in two frames, each with a TE duration, which ensures that the average voltage is equal to zero on the screen cells. The frame consists of four fields with a duration of T 4d each. The single act of sampling four lines lasts T,. Matrices of the specified two types corresponding to the time diagrams of Fig. 12 are shown in Fig. 13.

Depending on the brightness values that should be illuminated by the pixels of the columnar electrode located at the intersection with the selected group of row electrodes, a voltage of amplitude 7/0 is applied to the columnar electrode. The deviation from the reference voltage is calculated according to the specified algorithm. According to this algorithm, a voltage proportional to the value of the sum of the values obtained for each pixel from those selected as a result of the "What Excludes Y" operation is applied to the column electrode over the logical value corresponding to the brightness of the selected pixel and the logical value corresponding to the sign of the sampling voltage on the row electrode of this pixel (displayed in the right matrix of Fig. 13).

Let four pixels of the |th column be selected at some point with brightness values, for example, (op, op,

Oh, op), with which you can match the logical brightness values (1,1,0,0), which are called "data".

When voltages are applied to the selected row electrodes in accordance with some current column of the right matrix of Fig. 13, for example, the first one, with column values (1, 1, 1, 1), a control voltage proportional to the value of the specified sum 1.1-1.1-1.0-1.0 is synthesized -2, which is denoted by the symbol and, in which the sign - means the operation "What Excludes

І". Similarly, in the next field at the time of sampling of these pixels (with the same, within the frame time, data) when supplying the row electrodes of the second group of control voltages described by the values (1,0,1,0), for this column the electrode synthesizes a voltage proportional to the number and-1.1-0.1-1.0-0.0-2, because 0.0-1. Thus, during the frame time of each combination of control voltages and brightness values, a determined value of the column voltage, proportional to the integers and from 0 to 4 with a 4-line sample, or Ha

From 0 to I, with I -line (I -pixel) sampling. At the same time, the value of the voltage applied to the columnar electrode at the appropriate moment is determined by the expression M .(2i-)/, where the value of Mo; the authors of the patent called i) the maximum value of the column voltage, without specifying either its value, which depends on the parameters of the screen and the control mode, or the method of its determination.

Each combination of the brightness of the selected pixels is created as a result of multiple supply of synthesized Ge") according to the specified algorithm of columnar voltages, while each of the simultaneously selected pixels will light up or not light up in accordance with its brightness values, in particular, with values (op, op, oiii, o) for the given example. "--

The method is aimed at reducing the influence of the frame response effect, that is, at increasing the homogeneity and contrast of the image, at the possibility of creating a fast-acting screen. t

However, the method does not allow creating sufficiently fast screens with gradations of "gray" and many gradations of yellow color. Formation of gray gradations in this method is carried out by "frame-by-frame" modulation. Columnar voltage levels set for a pixel either the value (op) or (oi) during the group of fields that made up the frame in the black and white screen. By changing their values in the next (analogous) group of fields and, further, in the following groups of fields, an intermediate value of the LCD of the cell is set for each pixel, which sets the required brightness value 420 Between (op) and (oi). At the same time, a full set of signals for forming an intermediate value of pixel brightness - s is set according to the larger total number of fields, the smaller the gradations of brightness need to be set. At the same time, the speed of the screen (the frequency of changing scenes containing "gray" gradations) drops. Moreover, the analysis shows that the frame response with a 4-line sample does not decrease with any image plots.

There are also no necessary requirements for the parameters (design) of screens that allow their use 1 together with the specified method. Screens designed to work with this control method with a 4-line sample are practically inoperable with the 3-line or 7-line sample considered in the patent, and vice versa.

In the US patent Mo5485173, which is the ninth prototype of this invention, a method of controlling the PM - LCD screen is proposed, called the method of active addressing (assiime adagezvzipd (esppidie). The method is based on the formation and submission to all M row electrodes of the screen, selected at the same time, two-digit of voltage pulses that have the same deviation module from the reference voltage and are orthogonal to each other (during the frame time). (Che) Functions that determine the time dependence of the supply of voltage pulses to each line electrode in any time interval of line sampling, contained in the frame period are Walsh functions.Depending on the brightness values that should illuminate each of the M pixels of the columnar electrode to which a voltage is applied, the amplitude of the deviation of which from the reference voltage is calculated according to a defined algorithm.

For a screen without gray gradations, at the moment when all row electrodes of the current group of voltages are applied to the i) column electrode, a voltage proportional to the value of the sum of values obtained for each selected pixel as a result of the "This Excludes Y" operation over the logical value (data) is applied, which correspond to the current brightness of the selected pixel, and the logical value corresponding to the sign of the sample voltage at the row electrode of this pixel at the moment of sampling, as discussed above for the eighth prototype of the proposed invention.

In the case of screen operation with gray gradations, columnar voltages are formed according to a similar algorithm, but: - with the replacement of single-bit by multi-bit values of the brightness data of pixels, 65 - using the operation "What Excludes And" for each digit of the brightness data of each pixel and the logical value that corresponds to the sign of the sampling voltage on the row electrode of this pixel,

- with the addition of the operation of calculating some system error (corrective function) that occurs when summing up multi-bit numbers characterizing the data for intermediate brightness values, - with the addition of the operation of forming an additional compensation voltage that eliminates this error, and superimposing this voltage on the voltage calculated for a given column using the What Excludes AND operation.

The disadvantages of the method are not only the complexity of the information processing algorithm, which complicates the design of microcircuits of drivers and controllers and increases the cost of screens, but, most importantly, the image quality is not high enough.

The complexity of the algorithm is explained by the need to use 7/0 multi-bit information at every sampling moment of all (240 for MOA screen) pixels of each (out of 3840) column of the screen, the need for additional calculation for all columns of correction functions for almost all image plots (etc. ).

Insufficiently high image quality is determined by: - the use of Walsh functions to determine the shape of time diagrams of line and column pulses, which /5 for distributed plots of the image along the columns (constant, strip, etc.) cause the formation of short liquid column pulses of large amplitude, up to to a single pulse during the frame with an amplitude equal to the amplitude of line pulses with single-line sampling of Alta and Pleshko, i.e., in these plots, it does not provide a reduction in the effect of the "Rgate Kezropze" effect, - the effect of the inequality of the number of changes in the polarity of voltage pulses applied to different line buses during the frame time , on the non-uniformity of the twisting characteristic of the busbars along these row buses, - the influence of columnar pulses with a variable value of voltage drops on the variability of the characteristic of the twisting of busbars along the busbars and the variability of the amount of cross interference. The voltage pulses discussed above for row and column buses of the screen, corresponding to one or another method, usually form microcircuits of row and column drivers. Clock pulses and signals containing information about the brightness of the pixels are sent to the drivers from the controller device that works together with (or includes)

RAM and ROM. Power supply voltages are supplied to the drivers, controller and other devices from power supply devices. and)

Block diagrams of drivers and schematic features of devices implementing the control methods discussed above are given in the cited patents.

The group of variants of the method of controlling the screens, the control device and the screen offered in the current application are Ge! controlled, based on the author's theory, which clarifies the theory of Alta and Pleshko. To understand the subject of the invention, proof of its feasibility and attainability of effects at the beginning of this section, in the theoretical introduction, a brief summary of its results is given. "-

Theoretical introduction 1). In the section "Technology level" two figures Fig. 2 and Fig. C show the volt-brightness characteristic of the elementary cell of the LCD screen, considered as a variant of the volt-light characteristic. However, for a more accurate determination of the values of the control voltages, to account for the effect of the distortion of the pulses applied to the LCD of the cell, and to study the transient processes of the orientation of the LCD of the molecules, it is more convenient to use the square-volt-light characteristic (Popi-zdoage-moMade spagasiegiviis) of the cell, on the axis, instead of the volt-light characteristic on the abscissa of which, instead of skn, the mean square of the voltage (teap-zdtsage moKade, tvu) is placed, which is identical to the square of the "root-square voltage (kv.skn), which characterizes the average effect on the molecules of the RK material of energy pl") from the electric field created by the charges on the cell covers. In Fig. 14, by analogy with Fig. 2, is shown. variant of the volt-square-light characteristic. On its horizontal axis, the working area is limited by the values of sq.skn (tvu) "Sri" "Io"? and "Io" 2-"ShShukA"?. The middle point of the working area corresponding to the brightness level of "gray" is defined as sq .skn ("Ini" 2 "Tsno" 2/2 and denoted by the symbol "Od.

The square root of the value "Od? more precisely than the value "(" and "A"/2, determines the value of the level of the "gray" "Unit" of the test voltage of a small gap, which ensures the absence of the influence of the "frame response" effect. p. 20 However, when applying real control voltage pulses to the screen electrodes, which cause the appearance of the "frame response" effect, the value of quasi -ypivzu) applied to the cell, c will experience oscillations near its average value. Therefore, the real "dynamic" (dupatis) volt-square-light characteristic of the screen cell has the form shown in Fig. 15. This characteristic with respect to the limit values of the characteristic of Fig. 14, shown in Fig. 15 dotted, has the first limiting value shifted to the left, 29 marked "Шз"2, and the second limiting value shifted to the right, marked "ШШШну"2. The value "Од?

F! almost does not change.

Fig. 15 makes it possible to estimate (according to the dependence of the light characteristic on the amount of fluctuation of the quasi square screen, shown expanded in time, similar to the expansion of the quasi screen in Fig. b) the amount of the drop in the contrast of the screen with the previous number of lines to the level of K 4-V lahi/ Vtipi Relative to the initial (maximum possible in a given screen) value of K-V pah/Vtlptia also the new value of the number of lines of the screen with the previous contrast

K, which can be determined from expression (7) by replacing the value "Io"2-"Ini"?, valid for the RC material without fluctuations in the orientation of the RC molecules, with the value "Ша" 2-"Шз"?.

Further, in the description and claims of the invention, the designations of the parameters Ch, ni and Shin" are used in the sense that c5 includes the parameters Cis and Sha, that is, they refer both to screens without oscillations of LC molecules, controlled by fairly high-frequency voltage pulses, and to screens with oscillations of molecules .

In this description, in addition to the primary concept of "sq.sqn", the concept of "sqn" considered as the square root of "sq.sqn" is used. 2). The "ЦО" parameter makes it easier to calculate the value of the design parameter Mach RK of the screen according to the exact formula, in comparison with the formula (1) of Alta and Pleshko, which is based on the "Tsur" parameter:

Mtah- I "Od "What"? ""Tsvm122)2 (7)

A simplified form of this expression

Mtakh- "Odg" 2/A2 (8) is also preferable compared to the simplified form (2) of Alta and Pleshka, because the error in calculating the value of Mtlah according to formula (8) does not exceed 1/4 of Muah, i.e. in Gshshish times ( 62 times for Murdlach-240) ac is less than the error of calculating M pah according to formula (2). However, the content of the considered inventions will not change and the scope of patent claims will be preserved when using the Ts parameter, instead of the TsO parameter, to determine the value

Mmax, other LCD screen parameters and control voltage values.

WITH). In articles, patents and other literary sources characterizing the state of the art, there are no expressions for calculating row and column voltages controlling LCD screens with the parameter M dach, which is noticeably different from the number M of scanned electrodes. In addition, the fulfillment of the condition of Alta and Pleshko M dah-M, or, more precisely, a similar condition, is often considered a mandatory condition of "MM--1 (СЛИЖАХ i Ин-т -М-1 formation of a high-quality M-line image. s

However, the use of LCD screens with volt-square-light characteristic, which determines in accordance with expression (7) the value of the Mudach parameter, which exceeds the number of M (scanned) bus bars, is possible.

For this purpose, it is necessary to apply certain voltage levels to the row and column electrodes, the modules of which, in relation to the value of the reference voltage Mo, satisfy the following expression: (o) (9)

Mr MY, Mo Ma -, IS) «- or in po)

Mr am Ma MY, IF) that specify two pairs of admissible modules M and Mo for each non-unity value of 5.

In expressions (9) and (10): " "EM/Mulah - A value not exceeding unity, Mo and Mso - moduli of control voltages relative to Mo for screens - 70 with Mrlach-M, the values of which for the most used variants of line sampling are given in the next and eighth clauses. Each pair of the possible modules M and Mo, determined in accordance with (9) or (10), allows you to control the screens with Muah"M correctly in the sense of maintaining the square screen cell values of the screen over the entire working area of its volt-square-light characteristic (set any of its points on the working area and do not go beyond its boundaries) for any sample, single-line or multi-line, for which there is a specified correct control with 395 screens from Mulah-M zap using row and column voltages, the modules of which have the value M o and Moso. It follows from what has been said that the screen, constructively made in compliance with the ratio M and M, is correctly controlled by row and column voltages, the modules of which satisfy the expressions: - or and (19

Men mo Ya Mo - Mo Y - M 1 iChe) or | (12)

Me Me YAM Mo Y I, 59 On the contrary, the screen in which the highest contrast of the image is achieved by applying Mi Mo voltages, which

HF) differ from the voltages (4) or (5) of Alta and Pleshko, or for which the shift coefficient b does not satisfy expression (b), but in reality it has the value Mach; THAT Satisfies Equality

MPah M 1-42) (14) 60 with a value of tp not equal to zero.

For example, the US patent Mo5093736 of the bZeiko Erzop company (see the seventh prototype of the invention) protects the method of single-line sampling for screens with the number of multiplexed electrodes M 300 with a range of B values from v5 14 -M/2003 TO 4-Х -M/50. - The authors believe that this range provides high contrast values.

However, it follows from the analysis that it is possible to improve the image quality only in LCD screens, the design parameters of which specify the Muplah value, which exceeds the number of screen electrodes M by a specified number of times (from 1.026 to 1.4 times for M - 400 in the specified range B). For other screens, with larger or smaller M values; In the range b indicated by the patent, high contrast values are not achievable, despite the use of the number of M»Z300 electrodes. Moreover, in order to achieve high contrast values of screens with M values corresponding to the indicated range B, correct control is required, provided by the formation of control voltage modules in accordance with expressions (10) or (12). Accounting for quasi-sqn screen cell oscillations leads (see Fig. 15) to the need for an additional increase in the initial (static) value of M uach.

The dependences of Mi Mo on I, indicated in (11) and (12), and the dependence of Muah on M and I, indicated in (14), are of a general nature and are not determined by the value of the number or the range of numbers M. 4). With one-line sampling, the values of the modules Мрю and Мсо relative to Мо are calculated according to expressions (15) and (16), similar to expressions (4) and (5) of Alta and Pleshko, but more accurate due to the replacement of the parameter "Ше" with the value "Од »:

Me - Mu Y I, 9)

Me Me 9)

For a two-line sample, the values of the modules of control voltages relative to Mo take the following values: me - MM, 7 s o

Met Odg and/or Mo-O (18)

In the case of a multi-line (I-line) sampling with the number Г equal to two to the power of an integer, the values of these modules for screens with Mulakh-M are calculated according to the formulas: Ге»! yu

Me t U MAO - ma - Shu Y, tami ms dei i-i, ta/chi i- | it) m - C t, etc. to the value of Mo-0 (20)

At the same time, the number of possible moduli of Mo voltage levels is equal to //2-1, and the number of levels themselves, including the sign, is equal to I -1. З т0 Other variants of multi-line sampling of screens with M dah-M and with the number of ГІ, not equal to two in the power of an integer, с cannot ensure the formation of square screens on the electrodes of the LCD cell in the entire eye brightness range "from the screens. With the help of three-line sampling , for example, only in screens with M dach"1.33M with optimal control, it is possible to set the value of okv.askn on LCD cells in the entire working range of its volt-square-brightness characteristic. This property makes the specified other variants of multi-line sampling, other things being equal, less suitable in comparison with the sampling variants that use the number Y,

Mn is equal to two to the power of an integer. -I It is worth saying that the above-considered expressions from (9) to (12) are also valid for the specified other options, if -3 from the designation of the modules M and Mo are attributed to the voltages that ensure the correct control of the screens with the minimum possible value of M for this type of sample the groin, which is further denoted by the symbol M tlaho |i 1 50 use Muuaho instead of M in the expressions for 5 (defining 2- Mupaho/Mtakh) and in (14) . Accordingly, for a three-line sample, M is -1.33M. In this case, the moduli of the control voltages are still determined by the expressions (19) and (20), with the only difference that for odd values of И, the minimum value of M 5.. in (20) does not have a zero value, and the number of possible moduli of voltage levels Moo is equal to (I -1)/2. from (19) it follows that with I -line sampling, the modulus M (relative to Mo) for line pulses decreases in

AGAIN compared to that determined by equation (15). Therefore, with large G., a multiple decrease in the effect of the "frame response" effect (ie, a decrease in the magnitude of fluctuations in the brightness of pixels caused by the fluctuations in the orientation of LCD molecules) was expected, which leads to an increase in the contrast and speed of the screen.

However, the analysis of pixel brightness fluctuations shows that with multi-line sampling from Her 22 among the set of 60 column "plots" (sets of brightness values of column elements) for each variant of multi-line control voltages there is a large number of "plots" whose image quality, primarily contrast, does not can be significantly improved compared to conventional single-line control. The quality of the image improves significantly only in relation to some columnar "plots", selected or as it were selected for the used (one or another) system of I-line control voltages, which use the number | 22. For many other "plots" 65 of the image, the effective amount of fluctuations in the orientation of the LCD molecules, which determines the amount of fluctuations in the brightness of pixels, will differ little from similar fluctuations in single-line sampling. For 1-4, for example, compared to single-line sampling, the molecular oscillations for such "plots" will decrease by only 2595 or 14965, depending on the used system of 4-line control voltages. With this feature, the multi-line sample resembles "active addressing", the frame response of which, as the analysis shows, not only cannot be eliminated, but even reduced compared to the single-line sample for a number of "plots" that occur quite often from the set of possible ones (for example, for " plot" with constant vertical brightness).

At increased frame rates (with a reduced degree of influence of the "frame response" effect), image quality deteriorates due to inhomogeneity and distortions of the image brightness on the screen, caused by distortions of the shape of row or column voltage pulses in the process of their propagation along the row and 70 column bus and the effect on bus potentials voltage changes on other tires (cross-effect).

If the influence of the cross-effect on the potentials of the busses connected to the (iiY)-th RC cell is neglected, then for a rough estimate of the distortions, each bus can be considered as a KOS-long line, to one of the ends of which a control voltage pulse is applied. (The case of supplying the control voltage to both ends of the row bus is a separate case of the considered one). When a rectangular voltage pulse is applied to the bus and there is no cross-effect, the value of the sq.sqn 75 Ch2I)-th cell "Ou" can be written: "The price of this PAB VU (lyach 1-th that, where (K(ig)) is numerical value in the interval from -1 to i-1, which characterizes the brightness of the (iI)-th pixel in the interval of acceptable values (see the steep section in Fig. 15), the value of which is proportional to the brightness, - This is -2 in Go I- the current value sqn of the (ioi)th cell in the working range of values of sqn (the corresponding steep section in Fig. 15), without taking into account distortions, t(|)) and "5(i) - time values determined in the time interval of samples T, the relative value of the decrease in sq.sqn (and 2))-th cell as a result of the change in the shape of the voltage pulses on the row and column buses. at

The expression (21) reflects the proportionality of the frame frequency of the deviation of the sq.sqn (and 25))th cell from the untwisted value of sq. skn. Values of t, and x; increase with increasing distance from the place of supply to the buses of control voltages. When applying control voltages to both ends of the row bus, the maximum value of t decreases by 4 times. (at)

In addition to the values of the resistance K and the capacity C of the tires, which depend on the size of the screen, on the values of x and its; the shapes of the leading edge and the fall of the voltage pulses M, and Mo, formed by the control voltage sources, and the value of the output resistances of these sources are affected. The value of the capacitance C of the tires is also determined by the dielectric constant of the RC material of the cell, which depends on the orientation of the RC molecules, i.e., on the values of kv.skn applied to the cell and dependent M on the "plot" of the image. The value of t(i) also depends on the number of voltage drops Mo from one level to another during the frame and on the size of these drops, due to the "plot" of the bar image and the mode of control. 6). The analysis of the transient process at any point of the KOS-long line along which the front and fall of a unipolar or bipolar (relative to M) voltage pulse, including M or Mo, spreads, shows: « - the amount of change (decrease) sq. determined by the value of her, or her, expression (21), at each point of the long line is proportional to the square of the magnitude of the voltage pulses applied to it; decreases by half when forming instead of z» unipolar (with respect to the level of М g) pulses with a steep front and a steep decline - step-like, containing two steep fronts or two steep declines each, separated by a step at the level of half the pulse amplitude, if the duration of the voltage step is sufficient for attenuation of the transient process; - the magnitude of the change in sq.skn, determined by the magnitude of y, is halved when forming instead of each

Mn bipolar symmetric with respect to level M 5 steep voltage drop - two steep unipolar drops -I of different polarity, separated by a step at the voltage level Mo, if the duration of the voltage step is sufficient for the attenuation of the transient process. - Further multiple reduction of the values of ti t; (and changes in the quadrature of the cell) is achieved by forming s 50 voltage pulses with stepped voltage drops on the fronts. A single step on the edge of a pulse with a shelf duration of KS/2 or more (or a duration of KS/8 for a row bus fed from two ends) can reduce the resulting change in sq.sqn of any cell connected to a long bus to four times, and two - make it possible to almost completely compensate for the decrease in the squared area on the fronts of the pulses with the increase in the squared area on their declines. At the same time, the degree of suppression of parasitic changes in the cell voltage caused by distortions of the pulse shape is practically independent of the values of the capacitance C) of specific cells.

GF) 7). Any change in the potential on the bus with distributed resistance, given by the control voltage, through its capacitive connections Su with the cross-located buses with distributed resistance, causes the indicated potential changes (cross-shoots) on the cross-located buses and on the cells, with them connected The charge is absorbed during the recharging of C;; cells because the spikes on the column buses, created by switching the voltage on the row buses, change the value of kv.skn on the cells associated with the column buses. The magnitude of the square wave changes is primarily determined by the value of the inequality of the values of the output resistances of the line drivers, which determine the duration of the impact on the column bus of the front of the line pulse and the duration of the opposite effect of the decline of another line pulse.

The smallest amount of cross-talk of the specified type is created by drivers with the same values of the output resistances of the transistors, which implement the connection of the screen buses to different voltage levels.

Parasitic changes in the square screen of the screen cell are also caused by references to the row buses, created by switching voltages on the column buses, their amplitude, signs and time distribution depend on the distribution of brightness over the pixels of the screen, the position of the cell on the screen, the current brightness of the (iY)th pixel and features of the screen control mode, which determine the order of supply of control voltages to the buses and the amplitude of voltage drops. The resulting value of the parasitic change of the quadrature of the (i2i)-th cell caused by cross-interference on the i-th line bus is affected by the feedback from all column electrodes throughout the frame time. It is convenient to divide the leads on the row bus into two types. Alerts of the first type appear on the ith bus during its sampling, that is, during the time T,. These indications correspond to the component of the parasitic change in square meter /o on the (i2))-th cell, due to the approximation of the constancy of the values of the recharge time of the cell’s capacities, the difference in the number of voltage drops of one sign and the number of drops of another sign on all columnar electrodes during the indicated time of TU . At the same time, in each "plot" of the image, all the cells associated with the selected row receive the same value of the first component of the parasitic change sq.sqn. its extreme values described by the expressions vat ATM de

A - screen aperture, can set a parasitic difference in brightness between the elements of different row buses

MA of the screen up to 5095 from the value created by twisting the shape of the voltage pulses on the line bus.

However, the greatest influence on the deterioration of the quality of the screen image can be caused by the second type of guidance, which occurs on the line bus outside the time of its sampling during the frame, they correspond to the second component of the parasitic change of the kv.skn on the (iY)th cell, for which the parasitic micro changes of kv are summed .scan of the cell through each current tap on the i-th row bus, taking into account its sign, which is changed to the opposite or not changed, depending on the sign of the current voltage on the |-th column bus. The total value of the second component of the change in sq.sqn on the (i, Y)th cell with an unfavorable "plot" of the image can be /M times higher than the maximum value of the first component of the change in sq.sqn of the cell. 8). Screen control methods, which involve changing the known control voltage diagrams in order to improve image quality, as a rule, cause the need to change both the voltage levels and the constructive Ge) characteristics of the screen itself, which set one or another value of the Mupach parameter, without which the expected improvement unattainable quality.

If with a random sample, single-line or multi-line with the number of lines of the sample equal to two in the power of an integer, in each interval T; a reference voltage Mo is applied to the column bus of the screen during some additional time o, during another additional time (/2 - a voltage of one sign of deviation from Mo, during a third additional time T/2 - a voltage of the opposite sign, but of the same module (M n ) deviation from Mo, and if the module M 7 is set in the general case to /Kya times, which differs from the module of the column stress for the one-line sampling correct in the sense indicated above with the same additional intervals - time b and (u/2, but with a constant and identical modulus of column voltage deviation from Mo outside the interval 0, then the value of the Muaho parameter of the screen must satisfy the equalities:

Mavka -mi elect (22) a- i - il « o, p. . -

Here Mruaho AS before means the minimum number of the M values of the screen for which correct control by the considered method is possible. :z» Expression (22) for small values compared to T, and C, as well as for K1-1, is reduced to the form:

Mtpaho MI k(2Eyo t) (23) ini At the same time, the expression for the control voltage modules M |i Mso; What ensure the correct control of screens with the value of Muach, the minimum possible for this method, are of the form: - MtoitMko (24) s 50 iChe) we - Me | (25). 19) and

GF) (20). At the same time, the value of the value M" is correlated with the value Shu according to the formula: ko u ply (26) vo poO--ip- Ktt

It follows from this that with a two-line sample input to the interval T, an additional level M with a duration of 3. and two additional levels of both signs of deviation from M o and the same module M tag with a duration (Tsu/2 each with equality (p-io sets the level of the line voltage M equal to Unit. At the same time, the minimum value of Mach, the screen, b5 correctly controlled by such a sample, is determined by the expression:

Maya - And (27) I am --- 1-2.

Further, for the sake of simplicity of presentation, we will call two-digit column voltages with respect to the reference with the same deviation modulus and equal duration of voltage of each sign - quasi-resistive voltage (dptsavi-getegepse khmoGade), and their total duration (y - the duration of quasi-resistive voltage. The name "quasi-resistive" or "quasi-zero" (doavzi-gego), if the reference voltage is considered to be zero, reflects the fact of some similarity between the results of the influence of such a voltage, of a three-line determined duration, and the influence of a reference (zero) voltage of the same duration in relation to the 70 position of the working point of the screen cell on the square volt-light characteristics. Similarly, quasi-resistive or quasi-zero voltage on average (op (She amegade) will be called additional voltages of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from M o and the same duration, applied to the cell electrode in different frames or in different fields of the frame when the same voltage is applied to another cell electrode The result of the effect of such a voltage on the position of the working point of the cell pr is effectively equivalent to the effect of a quasi-resistive voltage on it.

If during arbitrary sampling in each interval of the TE frame outside the MHT time, the sampling of row electrodes during additional time (1 to all row and column electrodes at the same time a reference voltage Mo is applied, then the minimum value of Mutaho, which the correctly controlled screen should have, does not suffer changes (for example ,

Mrltaho-M), but the voltage modules M/o" and Mso", which carry out this control, increase in An Mt Mt, times. When marking g-i51/T, the expressions for these modules take the form: mog - Mo INTIM, 28) s

Mat - oo MTM 28) o

If in each TE interval during the same time (04) all column electrodes are simultaneously supplied with a quasi-resistive voltage instead of a reference voltage with a modulus of deviation from M o, which differs by a factor of 1 from the analogous Ф module of the column voltage for a single-row sample, correctly controlled in an identical way, with a constant y the modulus of deviation of the column voltage from Mo, then the values of M/o" do not suffer changes compared to the value determined by expression (28), the voltage module MU" becomes equal to the value: - in the NM language (30) 2 t--etc nin KRYT o a meaning of Mrdpaho:

Mtpaho- MeKtig (31) - from Formulas (30) and (31) remain valid when a quasi-porous "» voltage of the same duration and amplitude is applied to the column electrodes in the TE interval on average. " Finally, if the voltages of the sample M, for row buses form with linear or multi-step changing fronts and recessions during, respectively, time; ii, if at the same time they form additional levels of quasi-resistive voltage with a duration of each po (u/2, not less than each of the values of ii; and ii, with the values of the levels determined by the coefficient Kt-ii1, and apply them to the busbars at the beginning and end of the intervals T, in such a way that the beginning of one of them and the end of the other would coincide with the beginning and end of the interval T, if in each sampling interval T, an additional reference voltage Mo with a duration of (, if in each time period - TE outside the МхХТ interval, during the course of time (13-гхТ, a voltage of Мо is applied to all row electrodes, and to column electrodes with 20 - equal to the quasi-resistive voltage with a modulus of deviation from Мо, which differs by K times from (Че) a similar module of the column voltage for of a single-line correct sample with the same modulus of deviation of the column voltage from Mo outside the interval (3, then the value of the Mutlaho parameter, which must have a correctly controlled LCD screen, satisfies the expression: o mes at ato o Te Kong Mo (32) first name)

When alternating from frame to frame the order of submission of quasi-reference levels within the interval T, this expression 60 takes the form:

Ame zom ol Kola (33) vko avit TU bo At the same time, the expressions for the modules of the control voltages Moz i, Msoz, which ensure the correct control of the screens by the considered method with the minimum possible value of M laho for this type of sample, which satisfies the expression

(32) or (33), have the form:

Mid - Mu nn lm that s "1-1 Zt- 2/1 chih - zho im (35) /0 1-5 i Koty LU

The considered control options can be extended to screens with values of the parameter M groin? Mulaho; IF control voltages are applied to the row and column electrodes in accordance with expressions (11) or (12), in which the value of n is determined by the expression n - U Mddko Mach and in which the voltages are Mo and Mso, it is worth replacing, depending on: and p. and the control option, on voltages marked here as Moi or M/o" or Moz and, accordingly, Msoi OR Moo" OR Meooz.

The given expressions for row and column voltages and for the M dah parameter ALLOW us to make a qualitative or quantitative assessment of the impact of various changes in the control voltage diagrams on the values of the voltage modules and on the characteristics of the screens. Assessment is necessary to fulfill a set of conditions that ensure the formation of a quality image in practice. The theory and its results can be used not only for the screens and control options discussed in this description. Other (equivalent or leading to insignificant quantitative differences) analytical forms of recording and algorithms for calculating the considered parameters or their analogues are possible.

A valid theoretical introduction proves the scientific validity and industrial applicability of the control methods discussed below.

Description of the invention p

The invention is embodied in a group of technical solutions, each of which improves the uniformity of the image, the contrast of the screens and allows to increase their speed and size. Decisions are connected to each other. When using a set of solutions, the PM characteristics of LCD screens can be brought to the level of active-matrix.

The first technical solution is a first variant of a method of controlling a screen containing a panel.

The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between the substrates, on one of which row F 3o electrodes are located and on the other column electrodes are located. LCD cells, located between row and column IC o) electrodes in the places where they cross, are the shapers of screen image elements (pixels). The cell sets the size of the element (directly or as an output in the projection screen) and brightness, depending on the current voltage on its electrodes. The row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, the row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, and the reference voltage Mo is applied to the unselected electrodes. At the column electrode in the time interval of the line sampling T, voltage levels that are not equal to the Mo value, and are further called significant (Ieme's junction), or the Mo voltage, or a combination of significant levels and the Mo voltage, are applied to the column electrode. These levels, significant and reference, which allow variations in duration for the task on pixels of different brightness values, are called here the main ones (sometimes IemeiIv). In addition, an additional reference voltage Mo of the same constant duration (0) is applied to the columnar electrode in each interval of time T. with

The main feature of the first variant of the method is the supply of an additional voltage Mo of the specified duration with a change of sign of significant voltage levels relative to the level of Mo, upon completion of the supply of the level of one sign before the supply of the level of the opposite sign. In the absence of significant levels of different signs on the columnar electrode in the TT interval, or at the junction of the T intervals, additional voltage is applied to it during the T interval, together with the supply of the main reference voltage, if the latter is applied, extending the duration of the supply of the reference voltage, or in sl 15 any -at some point in the interval, if the reference voltage is not applied to the column electrode during the specified interval. -and The considered variant of the method reduces to two times the maximum value of parasitic changes of square sqn on the RK - cells, which arise due to cross-talks of all kinds and due to distortion of the form of control voltages in the process of their propagation along the columnar busbars. As a result, the first variant of the method increases the homogeneity and 1 50 contrast of the image, allows you to increase the size and speed of the screen (thanks to the appearance of the possibility to increase the polling frequency of the cell).

Supply to the column electrode of the indicated additional level with a duration of h in each of the sampling modes, single-line or multi-line, at a given polling frequency reduces the duration of a part of the interval T, suitable for pulse-width, frame-by-frame or other modulation, and it causes the need to change the parameters of the screen 59.

GF) If in the interval T, samples of pixels (pixels) before the introduction or without the introduction of the specified additional level M. 7 with a duration (0) the main voltage Mo of a certain duration p and/or the main significant levels of the total duration yin were applied to the column electrode or it was necessary to apply which are represented for convenience in the form of relative durations of Kop-iop/!ygi and Kzn-izn/i, then when applied to this electrode during the same sample, the additional level M 5 with a duration (the specified durations bu and bn should be reduced to the value, respectively ,

Kop-Chop Teo) and Kzn (OT io). The duration of any main significant level present in the interval T, is reduced similarly to preserve the correct brightness ratios of the selected pixels. On the other hand, the variation in the interval T, the durations of the main or main voltage levels on the column electrode, carried out for the display by the display element of the screen of different brightness values, must obey 65 defined rule. According to this rule, in the case of sampling row electrodes one electrode at a time, in the interval T, the total duration of significant voltage levels is maintained at a constant value equal to To, and in the case of sampling row electrodes more than one electrode at a time, within the frame time in the intervals T, samples of the same collection of lines maintain a constant value equal to T-, the average that falls on the interval T,, the sum of the products of the durations of each significant level by the square of the inverse of the ratio of the modulus of the indicated voltage deviation of this level to the modulus of deviation of significant levels at a single-line samples of this screen controlled by the method variant discussed here with an identical value of io.

The screen intended for the correct control of the first variant of the method must be designed and manufactured with an increased value of M lah, not less than some minimum value of M daho, equal to 7/0 It follows from the expression (22), the value of Muaho-MKA1-0/Tu ). The value of the modules of the control voltages M goi and Mooi, which provide the first variant of the method with the correct control of screens with the minimum possible value of M lah for this type of sample, equal to Mulakhol can be determined from expressions (24) and (25). It follows from (25) that with any I-line sampling and correct control, the supply to the columnar electrode in the interval T during the additional time (Ш of the additional level Mo should be accompanied by an increase in all modules of deviation /5 significant levels from the voltage Mo and 1 time in compared with the corresponding modules before or without supply to this electrode during T, the specified additional voltage.

The prototype of the considered technical solution is a method of controlling screens with single-line sampling without pulse-width modulation according to clause 1 of the US patent Mo5157387 of Zeiko Ervop (the fifth method-prototype), which contains as the main feature the formation of two levels of columnar voltages in each sampling interval. Fig. 10 shows variants of the prototype method (see diagrams for Msi, Mor» and MsiZ), incl. a variant in which the reference voltage Mo acts as one of the two levels in the interval T.

The prototype method solves the technical problem of eliminating uneven noise across the screen area due to cross interference. The considered first variant of the method solves the above-mentioned, other technical problem. With a single-line sample, its difference from the prototype consists in the supply to the columnar electrode during t, s of an additional reference voltage level M o after the supply of a significant level of one sign of deviation from M 5 before. (In supplying the level of a different sign. In this case, instead of two voltage levels during T, the columnar electrode is supplied with, depending on the plot of the image, then two or three voltage levels.

Another difference of the option is multi-row sampling.

Fig. 16 shows the time diagrams of Mi and Mo voltages applied to the row and column electrodes of the screen b according to the first technical solution for single-row sampling. Intermediate "op", "oi" and yu states, marked "dgau", are formed on the pixels.

On the diagram of Mo, additional intervals marked with footnotes (during which the voltage Mo is applied to the column electrodes. The considered diagrams of M s) differ from the diagrams shown in Fig. 5 for the first - prototype method, and from all the diagrams shown in Fig. 10 for the fifth method-prototype, an additional level

Mo, given in the interval T, between significant levels of M with a different sign relative to Mo. The diagram for M and Fig. 15o, which is closest in appearance to diagram M, Fig. 16, does not contain three voltage levels in the T intervals.

Fig. 17 shows the time diagrams of the control voltages M MIN) and Mo applied to the two row electrodes and the column electrode PM of the LCD screen in accordance with the first technical solution for "two-line sampling" across two fields of the frame. This sampling can be compared with the eighth method-prototype as a variant of the first - technical solution for multi-line sampling. On the voltage diagram M and CONCLUSIONS, additional intervals of the supply time of the reference voltage Mo, absent in the eighth method-prototype, are marked. Moh's diagram; sets the state of the simultaneously selected pixels (op op), (oi op) and (dgau dgau) using PWM, absent in the eighth prototype method and introduced by the eleventh technical solution. The second technical solution is a second variant of the method of controlling the screen containing the panel. The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located and on the other column electrodes are located. and-th Between the row and column electrodes in the places where they cross, cells-formers -I of the screen image elements are located. Row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to unselected electrodes. - The main voltage levels (significant, 4! 20 significant, reference or their combinations) are applied to the column electrode in the time intervals of the line sampling T, which allow variations in duration (from zero) to form on a selected element or an image in a group of selected elements of current brightness values. voltages are applied to the electrodes of the screen, which compensate for parasitic changes in the square screen of the cell, which distort the brightness of the image elements.

A feature of the second variant of the method is the supply to the columnar electrode in the interval T of an additional quasi-resistive voltage of constant duration (1), i.e. additional voltage levels of different signs, the same

HF) module (M pt) deviation from the reference voltage and the same duration (iu/2). These levels do not form the value of the brightness of the pixel, but set a constant number of voltage switches on the columnar electrode during the frame time for any plot (any picture) of the image on the screen. This ensures practical constancy in time of the parasitic changes of the square screen on the electrodes of the cell, which arise due to the twisting of the fronts and dips of 60 pulses of columnar control voltages in the process of their propagation along the electrodes of the screen. Residual relatively small fluctuations in the value of the parasitic change in square meter on the cell are determined by the dependence of the cell capacity on square meter. At the same time, the effectiveness of voltages compensating for parasitic changes in brightness, reducing image elements, increases many times. Examples of a specific type of compensating voltages are given in the seventh and eighth variants of the considered method. The second variant of the method increases the uniformity and contrast of the image, allows you to increase the speed and size of the screen.

The prototype of the second technical solution is the method of controlling the screens according to clause 31 of the US patent Mo5157387 of the company 5eiko Erzop (the fifth method-prototype), which contains the following features: - the line voltage of the sample is applied to one selected electrode, - during the interval T, to the column the electrodes supply two-level voltages, and the voltage of one level is supplied during the first time interval and the voltage of the second level is supplied during the second time interval within T,, - the relative duration of the first and second time intervals within T determines the level of gray contrast for the pixel. 70 The technical result of the prototype method is the creation of uniform across-the-screen guidance caused by the cross effect. The considered second technical solution differs from the prototype method in that it: - multi-line sampling is used, - the screen electrodes are supplied with voltages to compensate for the distortions of kv.skn on the cells, - the column electrodes are supplied with additional voltage levels of a different sign, the same modulus and the same duration , - the durations of the levels do not determine the contrast level of the pixels. In the second variant of the method, the part of the duration of the interval Tu, used for pulse width modulation, is reduced to the value T (i. Supply to the columnar electrode during the interval T of the specified additional voltage levels reduces the duration of the main levels supplied during the same interval, including the main reference voltage , to the value 2o obtained by multiplying the duration of the main level, formed before or without the introduction of additional levels, by the number (T-(1)/u. At the same time, in the mode of single-line sampling in the process of pulse-width modulation, it is maintained at a constant value equal to Here , the total duration over the interval T , of the main, varied (assuming variation) from zero significant voltage levels. In the process of the same modulation in the I-line sampling mode within the frame time in intervals T, the same set of simultaneously selected Cells are supported by a constant value equal to Tu, the average that falls on the interval T, (in terms of the interval alu T, simultaneous sampling of the same pixels) the sum of the products of the durations of each variable (what and) we assume variation) from the zero of the main significant level to the square of the inverse of the ratio of its modulus of deviation from M to the modulus of the similar deviation of the significant level at a one-line sampling of this screen, controlled correctly the variant of the method considered here with identical values of M schi t. The second variant of the method is expedient to use together with the first variant to add their beneficial effects. In this case, the number T-it is replaced by the number T-(4-0. o

The screen for working with the considered technical embodiments of the control method should be made with the value "-

Mrulah, not less than the value of M,daaho determined from expressions (22) or (23).

Values of modules of control voltages Moi and Msoi, which specify the correct control of screens with a minimum

Зз5 The Muplaho value possible for this type of sample can be determined from expressions (24) and (25). yu

Fig. 18 shows the time diagrams of the control voltages M and Mo, applied in two frames to the i-th row and i-th column electrodes in accordance with the second technical solution for single-line sampling. On diagram M b), the components of additional quasi-support levels, with a duration of f/2, are marked with footnotes. The values of these levels in this example are shown to coincide with the values of the main levels, however, in the general case, their discrepancy with the values of the main levels is allowed. with footnotes also show additional levels of Mo with a duration of C, they are introduced additionally in accordance with the first. technical solution. Diagram M; sets the "op", "op" and "dgau" states of the selected pixels. and?" Fig. 19 shows the time diagrams of the control voltages Mu, MINI) and Mo applied to two row electrodes, the i-th and (i-1)-th, and |-th column electrodes of the PM LCD screen during two-line sample, considered as an example of using the second variant of the method in the mode of multi-line sampling. Additional levels with a duration (Ц//2 different signs applied to the column electrodes in the interval T, are marked by footnotes. The values of the additional levels are shown to coincide with the values of the main levels. The footnotes also show additional

Ш are Mo levels with a duration (u. The Mo diagram shows the states (op op), (oi op) and (dgau ogau) of simultaneously selected pairs of pixels using PWM in accordance with the eleventh technical solution.

The third technical solution includes the third version of the method of controlling the screen containing the panel. 1 The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between the substrates, on one of which the rows are located

Ge) electrodes and columnar electrodes are located on the second. Between the row and column electrodes, in the places where they cross, there are cells forming elements of the screen image. Row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to unselected electrodes. The main levels (significant, significant, reference or their combinations) and additional significant levels of different signs are applied to the column electrode in the time interval of the line sampling T,

Ф) of the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M b and constant duration ((l/2). ka The basic levels in the general case vary in duration from zero to some value for the assignment of certain current values of the brightness of the selected element or group of selected elements of the image. 60 A new feature of the method is the supply of current voltage levels to the columnar electrode one after the other within the interval T, in a certain order, whether direct or opposite, in which additional significant levels M pt of different signs of deviation from the reference voltage Mo are located: one - at the beginning and the other - at the end of the interval

T.. The order of presentation of current levels in intervals T, alternating in adjacent intervals T, according to the sign of the change in the signs of deviation from M 5 of the first and last levels ("plus - minus" in one interval T,, "minus - plus" in 65 the next, etc.) during some time on duty. This ensures the alternating switching of the significant level supplied to the column electrode in the interval T last, with the significant level of the next interval T, supplied to this column electrode first. The time of alternation of the order of supply to the columnar electrode of voltage levels can be limited by an additional time interval of supply to the electrodes of the compensation voltage screen, for example, according to the eighth technical solution, by the introduction of another alternation of the order of supply to the columnar electrode of voltage levels, for example, according to the fifth technical solution, by changing the value of the reference voltage during single-line sampling, see Fig. 18, etc.

Examples of the implementation of the screen control method according to the third technical solution together with the first and second solutions are shown in Fig. 18 for a single-line sample and in Fig. 19 for a two-line sample.

The diagrams for M s shown in both figures reflect the alternation of levels, including additional ones located at the beginning and end of the interval T, according to the sign of the change in their deviation from the voltage M o (plus - minus", "minus - plus", etc.). The number of voltage drops on the column is reduced to two times bus and the amount of parasitic changes in square meters on LCD cells due to distortion of the form of columnar voltages during their propagation along the bus and due to cross-inductions of the second type on row electrodes. The prototype of the third technical solution is the method according to the US patent Mo5162932 (the third method-prototype), the purpose which is an increase in the uniformity of the image on the screen. Corresponding to the prototype, the time diagrams of line and column voltages for the screen electrodes are shown in Fig. 8. The features of the prototype are: - sequential supply of sampling voltages to the line electrodes; - during the scanning period T 5 (where MT8- TE, M - the number of scanned lines, TE - frame period) supply to the columnar electrode of two levels, "op" and "ой", which determine the illumination and non-illumination of the selected pixel; - duration T, input the voltage of the sample M, on the row electrode is less than the period Te; - one of the voltage levels, "op" or "oi", is placed at the beginning of the period Tv, and the other - at the end of this period, and the specified location of the voltages "op" and "oi" at the beginning or end of the periods Te alternates in sequence 5, which are changing

The proposed technical solution differs from the prototype method: сч - the absence of a sign of supply to the line electrode of a sampling voltage lasting less than the scanning period; - supply to the columnar electrode during the interval T, more than two voltage levels; i) - a multi-line sample; - by applying to the columnar electrode during the interval T additional significant levels of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M o and the same duration; Gee! zo - by supplying the specified additional significant levels to the column electrode at the beginning and at the end of the interval

That is) - by the presence of a certain order, including direct and reverse, of supply to the columnar electrode at "- during T, of all current voltage levels; - By alternating the order of supply to the columnar electrode of voltage levels according to the sign of alternation of signs - the deviation of the first and last level in the T K interval (plus" - "minus", "minus" - "plus"), in contrast to the sign of alternation "op" - "oh", "oh" - "op" in the prototype method.

The third variant of the method, by setting a value of line sampling voltage lower than that of the prototype, reduces the degree of manifestation of the parasitic effect of the frame response, increases the homogeneity and contrast of the image, and allows to increase the speed and size of the screen. "

The fourth technical solution includes the fourth version of the method of controlling the screen, which contains the c panel. The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located and on the other column electrodes are located. Between row and column electrodes in ;" at the places of their intersection there are cells forming elements of the screen image. Row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to unselected electrodes. Basic levels (significant, significant, reference, or their combinations) and additional significant levels of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M o and constant duration ((u/2)) are applied to the column electrode in the time interval of the linear s sample of the TU. The basic levels in в- generally vary in duration from zero to some value to assign certain values - the brightness of a selected or element of a group of selected image elements. The voltage levels are applied to the columnar electrode one after the other over the interval T in a specified order, whether direct or opposite , while additional significant levels of Mu of different signs of deviation from the reference voltage Mo are placed: one - at the beginning, and

Ge) of another - at the end of the interval T,.

The fourth variant of the method differs in that at the beginning of the line sampling interval T, levels differing in the sign of the deviation are applied to the adjacent column electrodes, either through one electrode, or through two, or according to another rule for selecting column electrodes, which ensures spatial compensation in Cross-references from voltage Mo. Obviously, according to the same rule, the levels at the end of the interval T, are given.

F) An example of the implementation of the fourth variant of the method of controlling screens for two-line sampling together with the first, second and third variants of the method is shown in Fig. 20. The figure shows the time diagrams of voltages M, and

Min) on i-th and (141)-th row buses, voltage M s; and Mo(yin) on the adjacent )-th and (41)-th column buses, and because the resulting voltage (MeuMu) on the (iY)-th cell.

Diagrams refer to two fields of one frame and to the beginning of the first field or another. The diagrams show the case of all the cells forming a screen of constant brightness, which corresponds, for certainty, to their electrical state "op". This case would be characterized, without using the considered version of the method, by the maximum (possible) amount of cross-over to the line buses and the maximum 65 perversion of the brightness of each white pixel in the direction of darkening. Interspersed with small black areas on the white background of the screen would get the maximum illumination, and the image on the screen - the minimum contrast.

Fig. 20 shows parasitic emissions of voltage (cross-talks of the first and second type) on the row buses, caused by synchronous changes in the voltage on the column buses, which create changes in square meters and distortion of the brightness of pixels.

It follows from Fig. 20 that the alternation of the signs of the voltage levels on the neighboring columnar electrodes ensures the assignment of different signs of the first kind of cross-references on the selected row electrodes and the compensation of the parasitic changes in the value of the cell's square wave associated with these electrodes. The maximum degree of compensation is achieved when using devices or controlling driver microcircuits that use the seventh technical solution, which sets the proximity of the emission amplitudes of both signs for the best neutralization of their 7/o contribution to the change in sq.skn.

The fourth variant of the method also provides no less than a two-fold reduction of parasitic changes in the cell's quadrature, created by the influence on the row electrodes of cross-talks of the second type, which occur outside the sampling time of these rows and are capable of strongly distorting the quadrature. The effect is achieved by the time difference, within the interval T,, of the moments of voltage change on the adjacent columnar busbars, which reflect identical 7/5 of the brightness of the pixels. In a separate case, considered in Fig. 20, the indicated effect of the time difference of the second type of cues takes place in the first field of the frame, and in the second field, almost complete compensation of the cues caused by their rotiphasity is realized. Therefore, the total value of the influence of cross-fires of the second type on the square meter of the cells connected to the row electrodes can be reduced in the considered case and some others by up to four times. There are images with constant brightness levels across the screen, for example, gray with cells squared equal to Odg?, for which the considered variant of the method reduces the amount of squared square distortions caused by cross-references of the second kind to almost zero.

The fourth variant of the method increases the homogeneity and contrast of the image and allows you to increase the speed and size of the screen.

The prototype of the proposed variant of the method is the invention according to the US patent Mo5162932 (the third method-prototype), which uses a single-line sample. In each interval T, two levels of voltage, "op" and "oi", are applied to the columnar electrode, and one of the levels (op'" or "oi") is applied at the beginning of the interval i9)

Tt, and the other - at the end of it, while the order of supplying the voltages "op" and "oi" at the beginning and end of the intervals T are alternated in sequentially changing T,.

The fourth technical solution differs from the prototype method in the first six features set forth in Ge"! a description of the differences from the prototype of the third technical solution, and a sign of supply to the neighboring columnar electrodes, whether through one columnar electrode, or through two (and so on) at the beginning of the interval T, (or at the end of it) voltage levels that differ from each other sign of deviation from voltage Mo. "h-

The fifth technical solution includes the fifth variant of the method of controlling the screen containing the panel.

The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between the substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located. Between the row and column electrodes, in the places where they cross, there are cells that form elements of the screen image. Row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to unselected electrodes. On the column electrode in the time interval of the line sample T, the main levels (significant, significant, reference or their combinations) and additional significant levels of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M o and constant duration (1t/2) are applied. The main levels in the general case vary in duration from zero to some value for the assignment of certain brightness values and the selected element or group of selected image elements. The voltage levels on the columnar electrode are applied "» one after the other during the interval T, in a certain order, either direct or opposite, in which additional significant levels Mu of different signs of deviation from the reference voltage Mo are located: one - at the beginning and the other - at the end of the interval T.. os The fifth variant of the method ensures compensation of cross-talks over time. For this, in adjacent frames, or through a frame, or through two, or according to another frame selection rule that provides the specified compensation

Che (for example, then in adjacent frames, then across the frame), in T intervals, samples of the same line or the same group of lines or directly opposite sign set of line voltages, the order of supplying levels to the columnar sl 50 electrodes is alternated. The alternation is carried out according to the sign of coincidence - the difference in the direction of deviation from the voltage M 5 of the first in the interval T, the significant level Mi of the voltage M, on the selected line or on a specified line from the selected (Che) lines of the group.

The considered version of the method reduces the distortion of square screens on the LCD electrodes of the screen cells, caused by the cross effect, and thus increases the uniformity and contrast of the image and allows to increase the speed and size of the screen.

The action of the method consists in changing the sign of the contribution to the value of the kv.skn of the reference cells on the line buses of both the first, o and second types that occur in the next frame, in comparison with the signs of the reference contributions in the current co frame, as a result of which the contributions of the references in the change sq.sqn cells compensate each other over time. The method also eliminates spikes on columnar busbars created by changes in voltage on row busbars in a similar way.

An example of implementation of the fifth variant of the screen control method for the two-line sampling mode together with the first, second, third and fourth variants of the method is shown in Fig.20. Fig. 20 shows the alternation of the supply order of voltage levels M s; and Mo(1) in any interval T, the first field of the second frame in relation to the order of presentation of these levels in the corresponding intervals T, the first field of the first frame according to the sign of coincidence - differences of 65 directions of deviation from the MO voltage of the first significant level and the voltage M, on the selected line The pulses of the firing from the columnar electrodes in one frame increase, in the other frame they decrease the current value that is kv.skn, providing compensation for parasitic changes in kv.skn (1Y)-th RK cells.

The prototype of the proposed variant of the method is the invention according to the US patent Mo5162932 (the third method-prototype), in which a single-line sample is used. In each sample time interval Тр, two voltage levels, "op" and "ой", are applied to the columnar electrode, and one of these levels is applied at the beginning of the interval T,, and the other - at the end of it, while the order of applying the voltages "op" and "op" at the beginning and end of intervals T, are interchanged in sequentially changing T,.

The fifth technical solution differs from the prototype method by the six first features set out in the description of the differences of the third technical solution, and by the feature of alternating direct and opposite order during 7/0 of the interval T, applying significant levels to the columnar electrode in adjacent frames or through the frame , or through two, or according to another rule of comparison, according to the coincidence criterion - differences in the direction of deviation from the voltage Mo of the first in the interval T, the significant level and the voltage M, on the selected line or on a specified line from the selected lines of the group.

The sign of the change of places of the levels "op" and "oi" at the beginning and at the end of the interval T, they change sequentially in the intervals

The TU characteristic of the prototype sign does not ensure the considered alternation of the signs of deviation of identical references /5 on the same selected cells in neighboring frames and does not provide compensation for the parasitic contribution of the considered references to the value of the sq.skn of the cells.

The fifth technical solution enhances the effect of the fourth technical solution when they are used together, eliminating some residual incompleteness of the compensation of changes in square scan cells caused by cross-talks. In its turn, the fourth technical solution eliminates the residual incompleteness of the compensation of changes in square footage, characteristic of the fifth technical Vishenia due to the delay of the compensation for the frame time.

The action of the fifth variant of the method, like the fourth, is enhanced by the seventh technical solution.

The sixth technical solution includes the sixth variant of the method of controlling the screen containing the panel.

The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located. Between the row and column electrodes, in the places where they cross, there are cells that form elements of the screen image. Row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to i) unselected electrodes. The main levels (significant, significant, reference or their combinations) and additional significant levels of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M o and constant duration (1t/2) are applied to the column electrode in the time interval of the line sample T. Basic levels in general Ge! from the case vary in duration from zero to some value to provide certain values of brightness of the selected element or group of selected elements of the image. The voltage levels on the columnar electrode are applied one after the other over the interval T, in a certain order, whether direct or opposite, in which "- additional significant levels Mu of different signs of deviation from the reference voltage Mo are located: one - at the beginning and the other - at the end interval T,. The order of supplying the levels to the columnar electrode during the interval T is alternated with the levels in adjacent intervals T,. yu

A new feature of the variant of the method is that the sets of voltage pulses at the outputs of the screen control device, which sets certain levels on the columnar electrodes, are divided into groups related to different electrodes and shifted in time relative to the nominal (before shifts or without shifts) the position of the levels in the sample interval T, by a value that is the same for pulses of one column group, but not the same for different groups. "

The magnitude of the shift of pulses in a columnar group of pulses is kept constant for some time with s (parts of a field, a field, a frame, two frames, etc.), then it is changed to another value, which is kept constant for the next similar period of time. Among the current time values, shifts can be positive, ;" negative values (delays and advance of voltage pulses) and zero (absence of time shift). By choosing the current values of the displacement time, not greater than (t/2), the average durations of significant levels in the selected interval T, equal to their durations in the absence of displacements are established. c In the indicated manner, the multiplicity of moments of voltage change on the column electrodes leading to the row electrodes distributed cross-impulses of small magnitude and different signs, which mutually compensate

Ш - twisting of the cells square. However, with an arbitrary distribution of pulse shifts in groups of columnar pulses, uneven suppression of cross-talk is possible.

For the most effective suppression of cross-talks, it is worth following the rule of formation of pulse shifts in columnar groups, according to which at the end of the time interval during which

Ge) pulse shifts in groups were kept constant, in the group of pulses with the earliest shift the later shift is established, in the group with the next earliest shift of pulses - the shift preceding the latest one, etc., in order of successive reduction of the shift difference . The newly set values of Shifts in columnar groups are kept constant during the next period of time, at the end of which the specified processes are repeated according to the specified rule for the same or other groups of pulses and values of shifts and (Ф, for the same or other distribution of groups by values of shifts. ka The specified law of alternation of voltage shifts in K groups of pulses (where K is the number of groups), each for the same number of columnar electrodes, allows to reduce the amount of change in the squared area of the cells due to the cross-effect 6o of the second kind by 2K times without the simultaneous use of the first variant of the method and in 2K times when using the first option.

This result is primarily valid for fairly large horizontally areas of the same brightness on the screen. If the area of such a section occupies 1/K-th part of the screen horizontally and is "served" by one columnar group of pulses of constant displacement, then the magnitude of the change in sq.sqn due to cross-overs, from the very beginning, is 65 V K times smaller compared to the value for areas of equal brightness the size of the screen horizontally may not be further reduced. In order to reduce the changes in sq.skn caused by the cross-effect of the second kind in such small areas of the screen of the same brightness, a group of pulses with the same displacement should be formed from pulses for columnar electrodes that are far enough apart from each other and/or change the composition of the groups from time to time.

Fig. 21 shows three groups of columnar voltages that shift, which are denoted by voltages Mo, Mo" and Moz, arriving at three groups of electrodes during the first and second intervals of constant displacements, for certainty, frame duration. Sampling line voltages are not shown. It is meant, for ease of display, a one-line selection. The main voltage levels on the selected cells of the screen set the "op" state. In the interval T, there are additional levels "oi" and "op" with a duration of it/2. Level durations are not shown in 70 scale. It is possible to change the voltage signs when moving from one frame to another (not shown). The alternation of voltage levels during the transition from the interval T (n) of the sample of the nth row to the next interval Tg(n'1) is shown.

The first two groups of voltages (Moi and Mo") have different magnitudes ((| and 5) of level shifts, symmetrical in direction in the adjacent intervals of alternating shifts. The third group (M sz) does not shift. On the M diagram for the unselected i-th row bus bursts of pulses are shown due to cross-talks.The resulting voltages on the three cells of the /5 screen show Mo-M diagrams, with indices that determine the membership of the cells of the ith unselected row electrode to one or another group of column electrodes.

The influence of cross-references on the amount of change in the squared area of the cells, which is determined by the average number of cross-pulses given, taking into account the sign of their coincidence or divergence with the direction of the main pulse, in each of the three groups of cells in Fig. 21, decreases by three times, on average, to one cross -impulse cutting from the maximum possible

Three in the interval T,.

Another example is shown in Fig.22. Groups of columnar voltages (Moi, Mo" and Msz) are not directly shown in the figure, but they are determined by diagrams (M - M,;) for screen cells by analogy with Fig. 21. Unlike the diagrams of Fig. 21, the diagrams of Fig. 22 use multiple shifts (4 or 24) of one sign. Despite the fact that to reduce the influence of cross-fires, two intervals of constant shifts, formed in accordance with the above alternating rule, are still sufficient, in order to maintain the equality of the average duration of additional levels of the initial value igp/2, it is necessary to use the technique of changing the order i) placement of levels in the interval T (n) sampling of the specified (nth) row in the next frame, for example, as in the fifth variant of the method. As a result, the minimum full switching cycle increases to four (reference) switching intervals. Other alternating rules are possible, for example, alternating combinations of the four shown Ge! zo on Fig. 22 reference intervals.

In all prototype methods, including the method according to the US patent No. 5162932 (the third prototype method, which is the closest prototype of this method), the control voltages phased over large areas of the screen in the case of large images of constant brightness at high frame rates cause large cross-references of the second kind and distort the brightness of areas of the screen. Techniques for reducing the shadows that arise - from 5 at the same time, above or below black areas on a white background or white areas on a black background due to cross-references, in articles specially devoted to the researchers of the Zpagr and Niiaspi firms at the conference of the ZIO society in September 1997. in Toronto IZIS97, years M75-M871|. The techniques do not use level shifts, and their efficiency, especially when using pulse-width modulation, is not great.

In addition to eliminating shading effects, the sixth option of the method reduces the brightness of black, increases the brightness of the white background, contrast and uniformity of the image, allows you to increase the speed and size of the screen, and to display the brightness and color on the screen almost without distortion.

The seventh technical solution includes a screen control device containing a panel. The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between substrates, on one of which there are row electrodes, and on the other - columnar electrodes. Between the electrodes in the places where they cross are located

Cells that form elements of the screen image. The device implements alternate sampling of row electrodes, either one by one or in groups, the supply of line sampling voltage pulses to the selected electrodes, the reference voltage Mo to the unselected electrodes, the supply of voltage levels that set certain values to the column electrode

Ш is the brightness of the selected element or group of selected elements of the screen image. The device contains many blocks - the formation of voltage pulses for the row and column electrodes of the screen (a oi oi mo(ade i ryizeg ppiiv 5r Log hom apa sointp eiiiesigodev) and a block for the formation of voltage levels or a power supply unit (moiYiade IemeiIz depegaig o tspii og rozhmeg zirriu ippi) , which sets the voltage levels for other blocks and for the indicated pulses.

Ge) The unit for generating voltage pulses for the screen electrode contains a logic unit (BL, Iodis BioskK, IV), a voltage level conversion unit (BPU, mo(ade spadeg bioskK, MSV), electrically connected to the BL and forming together with it a common the unit for forming the moments of supplying the levels to the output electrode (sottop biosK (such as moKade ov eimeiiv o eiesigode bandwidth), and the block of output transistors (BVT, ihapziziog rioskK bandwidth, OTV), electrically connected to the BPU. The output electrode of the BVT (OTV eiesigode bandwidth) attached to the screen electrode BL for

F) row electrodes are connected to each other by one reversible shift register (yMm/o-mau vp hedizieg), and BL ka for columnar electrodes - by another reversible shift register. All units are electrically connected to the power supply unit. In the unit for generating voltage pulses for the columnar electrodes of the screen controlled in the 6o two-line sampling mode, the BPUs may be absent. In this case, the BL is electrically connected to the BVT directly. Clock pulses and service voltages are applied to the BL input electrodes (siosK apa sopigoi! moiadez). In BL for the columnar electrodes of the screen, data signals (daya) also arrive from the device of data formation or processing (depegaiipo og rgosezvipo iptogtaiiop demise).

A feature of the device is the design of the BVT, which sets the uniformity of the form of voltage emissions of both 65 Signs on the screen bus. The technical result provided by the device is an increase in the contrast and homogeneity of the image due to an increase in the degree of cross-reference compensation, which is achieved with any control, but to the greatest extent when using the fourth, fifth and sixth options of the considered method, and the possibility of increasing the speed and screen sizes.

Figure 23 shows a block diagram (circuit diagram) of a device for controlling a screen or a screen panel, which contains a power supply unit (mo(ade IemeiIz depegayog) 1, which sets the voltage levels for other blocks of the device, and blocks 2 and Z of forming voltage pulses, respectively, for row and column electrodes of the screen (CO rapey) 4.

The device generates screen control signals in one or another sampling mode, including two-line or other multi-line. Block 2 contains a set of control channels for electrodes X1, M2,..., Mi, ..., XM of the screen, and block C - a set of control channels for electrodes X1, X2, ..., X),..., XM of the screen. In each, for example, in the 1st channel of the power supply unit 2, the logic unit 5 (I Vi) is included for the generation of moments of supply of the line voltage levels to the output electrode of the Uii, the unit b of level conversion (MOVI) and the block 7 of output transistors (BVVI). Block 5 is connected to block 6, block 6 is connected to block 7, block 7 is connected to the Ui electrode. In each, for example |-th, channel of block Z, a logic block 8 (I18)) is included for processing data signals and forming moments of supplying column voltage levels to the output electrode X| and unit 9 (OTVIi|) of output transistors, connected to unit 8 and to electrode X). On /5 clock and service input electrodes 10 and 11 of blocks 5 and 8 supply clock pulses and service voltages (siosK apa sopigo! myadevs), to information input electrodes 12 of block 8 - data signals (aaia). Block 5 is connected to blocks IVi-1 and I Vi-1 and block 8 is connected to blocks 1 Vi-1 and I V|-1 of neighboring channels, respectively, each with its own reversible shift register, the trigger bits of which are included in the compositions logical blocks of channels.

Logic blocks 5 and 8 form sets of low-level voltages, the time diagrams of which provide 20 formations in blocks 6 and 7 and in block 9 of control voltages.

Block 1 forms, relative to some common level, at least five voltage levels M o, M4, Mo, Mz and M4, among which M o is the reference voltage level supplied to blocks 2 and Z, M. and Mu are levels for of line pulses of the sample supplied to block 2, and M» and Muz are the levels for column voltage pulses supplied to block 3. The values of the voltage levels ensure the equality of the absolute values of the differences |M4-Mo-Mu4-Mo| and |Ma-Moich|M3-Mo|. Together with the time diagrams of the control voltages corresponding to the control method, they ensure the formation of the values of kv.skn on the cells of the screen in the working range of the dynamic square volt-brightness characteristic of these cells and) (Fig. 15, solid curve). Voltaquadrat is the brightness characteristic of the cells, setting the contrast value and the Muach value; determines the quality of the screen image.

One of the levels for column voltage pulses, for example, M", can be applied to unit 2 for Ge!

From the Low-level power supply of Bib blocks.

A possible structure of block 7 is shown in Fig.24. Signals from MSVIi set the moments of connection to the output bus of voltage levels Mo, M41z or Mu. "-

The structure of block 9 differs little from the structure of block 7. The main difference is the replacement of voltage levels M, by M" and Mu by Mch. - 35 The uniformity of the form of the emissions of cross-referencing of both signs is implemented by inserting transistors (for example, 13, 14, 15 and 16 in Fig. 24) into the OTV, made by setting the output electrodes to the same or close to the same values, with a deviation of no more than 1095 output resistances when connected to the output electrode of one or another voltage level.

The specified feature is embodied in OTV by selected ratios of the sizes of the elements of the structure of transistors on a silicon crystal (length and width of the channel, thickness of the gate oxide, etc.). Possible difficulties in the manufacture of transistors of different types of conductivity on a silicon wafer with characteristics that ensure a close ratio of transistor resistances in the temperature range. To eliminate these difficulties and for;" increasing the accuracy of compensation of cross-effects in another embodiment of OTV additional transistors (17, 18, 19 and 20 in Fig. 25) are introduced in parallel with the main transistors (13, 14, and 16 in Fig. 24 and Fig. 25). Transistors 17 and 18 45 are introduced to adjust the value of their common resistance with transistor 13, from the very beginning slightly overestimated in comparison with the resistance of transistor 14, until it reaches equality with the resistance of transistor 14. Transistors 19 are also introduced to similarly adjust their common resistance with transistor 15 under the resistance of transistor 16,

Ш is identical to transistor 14. Additional electrodes 21 and 22 (Iayogipd moMade eiesigodes) are common - electrodes for blocks 7 or 9 of the control device. After adjusting the conductivity of transistors 17 and 19 by selecting potentials on electrodes 21 and 22, these transistors are left in the on state. In this way, regulation, adjustment and maintenance of uniformity of output resistances when connecting any are realized

Ge) voltage level to any output electrode (in all driver channels).

The block with additional transistors may differ from the block. In (Fig. 25) by replacing the voltage levels M, with Mo and Ma with M3. Prototypes of the seventh technical solution are screen control devices, given in two patents for prototype methods containing output transistors electrically connected to output electrodes. However, they lack a sign of uniformity or proximity to uniformity, with a deviation of no more than 1095, of the initial values

Ф) resistances of transistors that connect one or another voltage level to the output electrode. ka The seventh variant of the method of controlling the screen containing the panel belongs to the eighth technical solution.

The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other, columnar electrodes are located. Between the row and column electrodes in the places where they cross, there are cells that form elements of the screen image. Row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to unselected electrodes. Voltage pulses are applied to the columnar electrode, containing the main voltage levels, which set the nominal values of square sqn on the cells, and additional significant levels of different 65 Sign, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M and constant duration (gt/2).

The additional levels set the component of the parasitic deviation of the sq.sqn on the (ii)th cell from the nominal value, which does not change over time and is not very dependent on changes in the plot of the image, which arises due to the distortion of the shape of the columnar pulses during their propagation along long buses. This component, usually of a negative sign, increases in magnitude as the distance to the place of supply of control voltage pulses to the column bus increases. Analogous square deviations, created by the distortion of pulses on the line bus, also depend little on the plot. Therefore, the parasitic deviation of the current brightness of any image element from the nominal value, caused by the specified distortions, depends mainly only on the location of the element on the screen.

A new feature of the method is additional formation of compensation voltages M soti) for row electrodes, 7/0 starting from one, / or additional formation of compensation voltages M soti)) for columnar electrodes, starting from some other one. At the same time, the value of the compensation voltage M cell(s), or their duration, is set for each row electrode by a value determined, for example, by calculation experimentally, or by a value capable of compensating for the change in the square of the sqn of the cells, caused by distortions of the form of columnar voltage pulses in the process of their propagation along the columns tires Similarly, the value of the compensation voltages M soti), u/5, or their duration, is set for each column electrode of a certain value capable of compensating for the change in the square of the sqn of the cells, caused by distortions of the form of line voltage pulses during their propagation along the line buses. Each voltage M sotii) is applied to the i-th line electrode during the interval Іs, which is introduced into the time interval of the frame in addition to the number of M sampling intervals Tg, or during part C, or during two or more intervals (5. Each Moot voltage /)) are applied to the |th columnar 2o electrode during another time interval (s), which is introduced into the time interval of the frame by a similar cut, or during its part, or during two or more other such intervals. On columnar and row electrodes, are free from applying voltages Moot(i) and Meooto)), during the specified intervals They are supplied with reference voltage Mo. Instead of voltage Mo, it is possible to apply a quasi-resistive voltage, or a quasi-resistive voltage on average, or their combinations, including their combinations with voltage Mo. high school

The advantages of the technical solution are the constancy of the values of the compensating voltage for each electrode and a large range of square deviations of the specified type, which can be effectively compensated. (8)

A possible form of time diagrams of line pulses corresponding to the considered method is shown in Fig

Fig. 26. The figure shows pulses of sample M applied to the first, i-th, (1-t7)-th and M-th row electrodes over two frames, if one-row sampling is assumed, or two fields, if two-row sampling is assumed, and compensation voltages 5M;, bM;int, ZUM of different magnitudes, applied during additional Gb intervals to all shown row electrodes (except the first) at the same time. At the same time, the |th columnar electrode, as well as all the other columnar electrodes, is supplied with a reference voltage M o. Outside the intervals, there are columns (where the electrodes are supplied with voltages that set this or that image.

Variants of supplying compensation voltages of the same amplitude and different duration to row electrodes, as well as variants of supplying compensation voltages to columnar electrodes during other or other additional intervals, not shown in Fig. 26, can be synthesized, on the basis of what has been said, by by analogy

The value of the modules of the control voltages (M o» and Mso»), which ensure the correct control of the screens by the considered method with the minimum possible value of M dah for this type of sample, equal to Mulakhos, can be determined from expressions (28), (29) and (30). At the same time, the value of Mulaho can be determined from expression (31). "

The prototype of the technical solution is the method of controlling the PM LCD screen according to the US patent Mo5151690 shsh s (the fourth method-prototype), which contains the following features in the first clause of the formula: - single-line sampling is used; ;" - in addition to the period of time when voltages forming the image are applied to the electrodes of the screen, a period of time is set aside, during which the inhomogeneity of the image that arose in the previous period is at least partially compensated

Time; c - during an additional period of time, the sample voltage is not applied to the row electrodes, and one or more column electrodes are applied with the voltage necessary for at least partial compensation of the non-homogeneity that arose due to one or another plot of the image in the previous time period. - To implement this method, in the second dependent clause of the invention of the prototype, it is proposed to set the duration of the compensation voltage applied to the column electrode, depending on the number of changes between the "op" and "oi" voltages on this electrode during the previous period of not selecting the row electrode.

Ge) Line and column voltage diagrams according to the prototype method are shown in Fig. 9. Voltage M, supplied to the row electrode Ui of the screen, voltage M s; - on columnar electrode X); screen, voltage M; applied to the electrodes of the (iY)-th cell. Mori Moo is the reference voltage value in adjacent frames. At the end of the sampling period of all the row electrodes, during the additional time It c, a compensating voltage is applied to the X electrode, the duration of which depends on the number of changes in the voltage on the X electrode; in the previous period. The seventh variant of the method

Ф) differs from the prototype method: ka - by the presence of a feature of multi-line sampling, - by the use of means, for example, additional quasi-resistive voltage levels applied to the columnar electrodes, which create an inappropriate contribution of distortions of the shape of the pulses that occur during their propagation along the screen buses, in the value of kv.skn on the cell, - by applying a Mootia voltage) to the ith row electrode to compensate for the effect of distortions of pulses propagating along the column electrode, - by applying a Mootia voltage) to the Yth column electrode to compensate for the effect of distortions of pulses propagating 65 on the line electrode, - due to the lack of connection between the magnitude and duration of the compensation voltages M soti) Her Moot(s) with the plot on the screen in the previous time period. The seventh variant of the method increases the homogeneity and contrast of the image and allows you to increase the speed and size of the screen.

The ninth technical solution includes the eighth variant of the method of controlling the screen, which includes a panel,

WHICH contains substrates containing liquid crystal material placed between substrates, one of which has row electrodes and the other has columnar electrodes. Between the row and column electrodes in the places where they cross, there are cells that form elements of the screen image.

Row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to unselected electrodes. The columnar electrode is supplied with /o voltage pulses, which contain the main voltage levels that set the nominal values of kv.skn on the cells, and additional significant levels of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M and constant duration ((t/2).

The additional levels are set by the component of the parasitic deviation of the sq.skn on the (ii)-th cell from the nominal value, which does not change over time and is not very dependent on changes in the plot of the image, which arises due to the distortion of the shape of the columnar pulses during their propagation along long buses. Therefore, the parasitic deviation of 7/5 of the current brightness of any image element from the nominal value, caused by the specified distortions, depends mainly only on the location of the element on the screen.

A new feature of the variant of the method is the additional formation of compensation voltages M soti) for row electrodes, starting from some. The value of the compensation voltages M soti) or their duration at the same time is set for each row electrode of a certain value, for example, by calculation or experimentally, 2or. The value should be such that, being added at a certain time, during the sampling of the ith electrode, with the value of the line voltage or superimposed on the value of the line voltage applied to the i-th electrode, it could compensate for the decrease in the square of the scn of the cells connected with the i-th row electrode, caused by distortions of the form of columnar voltage pulses during their propagation along the columnar electrode.

A possible form of time diagrams of line pulses corresponding to the considered method is shown in Fig

Fig. 27. This figure shows sample pulses M, supplied to the first, i-th, (1zht)-th and M-th line electrodes over two frames or two fields, and compensation voltages 8Mi, 8Mint, 5MM of different magnitudes are applied to them, (8) are shown in dashed lines. Me diagram; reflects the input to the |th electrode of columnar voltages.

The prototype of the considered technical solution is the method of controlling the PM LCD screen according to the US patent

Mo5151690 (the fourth method-prototype). Gee! z In addition to the differences of the seventh version of the control method from the fourth method-prototype, the eighth version of the method does not contain the time interval specified among the features of the prototype, which is additionally allocated for applying the compensation voltage to the electrodes. "-

The advantage of the considered technical solution is the constancy of the values of the compensating voltage for each electrode and a large range of square wave deviations caused by distortions of the form of columnar pulses, which can be compensated. At the same time, there is no need to allocate separate compensation intervals (() in the frame time period and increase the value of the Mupah of the screen.

The eighth variant of the method increases the homogeneity | contrast of the image and allows you to increase the speed and size of the screen.

The tenth technical solution includes the ninth variant of the method of controlling the screen containing the panel. "

The panel contains substrates located opposite each other, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other, columnar electrodes are located. Between the row and column electrodes in the places where they cross, there are cells that form elements of the screen image, light or optical;" the characteristics of which are determined by the value of the applied to the electrodes sq.skn. In known passive-matrix screens, the cells located between the electrodes are filled with liquid crystal supertwistnematic material.

Voltage pulses are applied to the electrodes to assign the required values of square meters to the cells. However, the degradation of the form of the control voltages as they spread along the electrode leads to a parasitic change in the values of kv.skn in the cells distant from the end of the electrode and distortion of the light or optical characteristics of the image elements associated with these cells. The considered version of the method is designed to combat - the harmful effect of distortions in the form of voltage pulses on the electrodes, which, strictly speaking, are long

Lines, and with the effect of the appearance of light or dark "shadows" behind large-sized images, in front of, under and above them due to the change in the values of cell capacities, which depend on the current values of sq.sqn on the cells of the screen. Moreover

Ge) parasitic effects associated with changes in capacities have not been effectively eliminated by methods known in the prior art.

The technical result of the ninth variant of the method is an increase in the homogeneity and contrast of the image and the possibility of increasing the speed and size of the screen.

The peculiarity of the ninth variant of the method consists in the formation and supply to the electrodes or buses of the screen,

F) considered as long lines, voltage pulses of a certain form. The shape of the pulses provides, firstly, the setting of the required values of the square wave and, secondly, the self-compensation of the parasitic changes of the square wave caused by the distortion of the front and the decay of the pulses during their propagation along the line, in the cells connected to the long line, in because 7.4. heterogeneous The front and the fall of the pulse here mean the voltage drop, respectively, from the reference voltage (Mo) on the electrode, and to the side of the voltage Mo.

The transient process of voltage drops in a long line can be approximated as exponential. With the same time constant "(иЙ) for the front and the fall, which depends on the location of the cells (ии) on the long electrode, which controls the step-shaped pulse, with intermediate voltage drops on the front and the shelves between them, can 65 specify the amount of reduction in square. skn on the electrode cell, equal or almost equal to the increase in square skn on this cell, created by the decay of this pulse. In order to self-compensate for parasitic changes in square wave, the shape of the pulse front must provide the required, approximately three-fold, change in square wave on the cell compared to the value created by a normal steep front.

Examples of time diagrams of control pulses with a step-shaped front, which underwent distortion during propagation along a long electrode, are shown in Fig.28. Fronts and declines of pulses of different signs are shown in relation to the level of the reference voltage Mo. Pulse M, can reduce the value of parasitic changes square up to four times. skn compared to the value created by ordinary rectangular pulses.

The pulse M" with two steps at the front is capable of almost completely neutralizing the distortion of square scn, if the durations of the voltage shelves on the steps ensure sufficient attenuation of transient processes in a long line. 70 The joint use of the considered variant of the method with the fifth variant of the method increases the homogeneity of the current optical characteristics of the image elements due to the reduction or elimination of errors in the values of sq.scan on the screen cells, caused by the inequality of potentials on the electrodes located opposite the considered electrode, at the moments of supply on the last front and momentum decline.

As a prototype of the second method, there is an invention according to the US patent Mo5301047, in which 7/5 single-line sampling is used according to the first method-prototype, and additional high-frequency voltages of various shapes are continuously applied to the line, column, or both voltage levels . The purpose of the prototype method is to increase the uniformity of the image on the screen. Figure 7 shows the shape of the voltage on the ith cell of the screen, which is created by the continuous imposition of additional pulse voltages of a sharp form on the row and column - control voltages.

The considered method differs from the second prototype method: - by the absence of a feature of continuous superimposition of high-frequency signals of any form on the control voltages; - forming and supplying the screen electrode with a voltage pulse with a stepped or close to stepped front, which ensures self-compensation of the impact on the square screen of the cells of pulse distortions.

The screen, intended for correct operation according to the considered method, is made with an increased s g value of Mulach; not less than the value of M laho. When controlling the screen with the line voltage of the sample M, with a rising or multi-rising leading and falling edge of different durations, approximate linearly changing i) leading edge and falling length, respectively, i; and b, together with the first, second, third and seventh variants of the method, the value of Mulaho is determined from expression (32), and additionally with the fifth variant of the method, from expression (33). The value of the modules of the control voltages Moz YII Msoz, which provide at the same time the correct control of the screen, M dach ANY

Zo is equal to the specified Muaho; can be determined from expressions (C4) and (35).

The eleventh technical solution includes the tenth version of the method of controlling the screen, which includes a right panel. The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between the substrates, on one of which there are row electrodes and on the other column electrodes. Between the row and column electrodes in the places where they cross, there are cells that form elements of the screen image. The row electrodes of the screen are selected in the mode of two-row sampling, that is, in pairs and at least twice during the time frame. The simultaneously selected line electrodes, for example, i-th and (ii-1)-th, are supplied with sampling voltages M and Min), which alternate in phase according to a defined law, for example, in the first field of the frame, voltages are supplied in phase, i.e. of the same direction of deviation voltage from M 5, and in the second field of the frame - in "opposite phase, i.e. in a different direction of deviation of voltages from Mo. Other alternation laws are possible, ensuring the supply of the same number of in-phase and anti-phase voltages on average to every two "selected line buses of the screen at the same time. the unselected row electrodes supply the reference voltage Mo. The column electrodes are supplied with control voltages containing in the time interval of the row sampling T a significant level and the Mo level. significant levels, here called informational and leveling, which specify the width-pulse method of forming gradations of the brightness of the image element instead of or in addition to frame-by-frame modulation used in the prior art for multi-line sampling.

Depending on the brightness values of the screen image elements associated with the selected i-th and (i-1)-th

row electrodes and |th columnar electrode, described by the numbers ai| and a(i41)), which can take values, for example, from -1 to i1, to the column electrode in the interval T, provide the information component 5р of the main level, the duration and the sign of the deviation from M o which in the in-phase state of the line voltages is set o proportional to the magnitude and in accordance with the sign of the number (aina(in1)))/2, which reflects the half-sum of the luminances,

Ge) of the selected pixels, and in the anti-phase state of the line voltages - proportional to the value and in accordance with the sign of chislab(aiY-a(in1))/2, which reflects the half-difference of the brightness of the selected pixels.

When determining the durations, corrections can be introduced for the nonlinearity of the volt-squared-light two characteristics of the LCD cell. The maximum duration of the information level in the interval T is set to a certain value, equal to or less than T,. For example, when applying to columnar electrodes in the interval T, except

Ф) informational and additional voltage levels according to the first and second variants of the method, and the maximum duration of the informational level in the interval T is set equal to To.

Obviously, the value of the total duration of information levels during the specified two sampling intervals is not constant. In order to maintain a constant total duration of all significant levels related to the same simultaneously selected pixels in these intervals, in addition to the informational component of the main significant levels, an equalizing component consisting of quasi-resistive levels varying in duration, whose modulus of deviation from M o is equal to the corresponding information levels module. The value of the modulus of deviation from M column voltage levels is given, in the absence of additional levels, by expression (18). If there are 65 additional levels, the value of the module is specified using expression (25).

The constant value of the total duration of all equalizing information levels over two intervals T, in the frames that specify any brightness of simultaneously selected pixels, is not less than (for example, equal to) the maximum duration of the information component, Ti-ip-o for the example considered above with additional levels At the same time, the total duration of all significant levels, together with additional ones, in the two specified intervals becomes equal to Ty-(n-o.

The duration of the information component is set in each of the two intervals T, frame, according to the above rule, uniquely, while the duration of the equalizing voltage can be distributed, keeping the quasi-resistive form or the quasi-resistive form on average, between these intervals, for example, arbitrarily.

What has been said is explained by the time diagrams of voltages in Fig. 29, where row M u, Min) and column Mo; control /o voltages related to the simultaneous samples of (iY)-th and (14-1Y)-th cells are depicted over two frames and two fields in each frame. In each sampling interval T, the basic voltage levels containing the information and equalizing levels and additional levels of both the reference voltage M of duration b and the quasi-resistance voltage of duration (4) are applied to the column electrode, which coincide by the modulus of deviation from M 5 with similar module of basic levels. In the total duration (of its significant levels coinciding with the pulse of the sample M in the direction /5 Deviation from the level Mo, and in the total duration Yup of significant levels not coinciding with the pulse M / in the direction of such deviation, in each interval T contains a constant duration of an additional significant level and may contain a variable duration of the sum of the durations of the equalizing and information levels. Due to the additional levels, significant levels are present in each interval T,. Significant levels are placed in Fig. 29 at the beginning and end of the interval T,. Indices "17 and "2" in symbols об and оп indicate belonging of the corresponding 2о significant level to the first and second fields of the frame.

On the pixels selected in the interval T, according to the diagram of Fig. 29, the formation of unequal brightness is assumed, which corresponds, for certainty, to the numbers aiY--0.5 and a(in1))--0.25. The negative sign of the numbers corresponds to the "op" level. In this example, according to the described method, the duration and sign of the information component of the significant levels are given by the expression - 0.375(Т (иа) in the first field, and by the expression -0.125(Т (480) In the second field. Therefore, the full duration of each level equalizing component for the indicated selected pixels in two fields of the frame is 0.25(Т-(-00). i)

Quasi-reference levels of the leveling component or their part (in quasi-reference form) can be distributed over T intervals in an arbitrary manner. In Fig. 29, they are completely placed in the sampling interval of the considered pixels in the second field of frames. As a result, in the pixel sampling interval in the first field of the frame, the full duration of Ge! from the significant level ой" is the value (ой-(t/2, and the full duration of the level "оп'- the value

Iopi-t/20.375(T-it-io). In the sampling interval of these pixels in the second field of the frame, the full duration of the level "ой" о is the value (ой - (Щу/2 ж- 0.25(Т-4-0), and the full duration of the level "оп" is the value (оп2-йу/ 20.375(T -(- o). "-

The full duration of all significant levels in the considered two T intervals is equal to Tyn-0o. Examples of similar time diagrams of voltages for some set of distribution of luminances by pairs of simultaneously selected pixels (op op), - (oi oi), (dgau dgau) across two fields of the frame, shown in Fig. 17 and Fig. 19, were considered in other sections description yu

The prototype of the tenth variant of the method is the invention under the US patent Mo5489919 of the company Azazpi Siazv Sotrapu (the eighth method-prototype), in which a multi-line, with the number of lines at least two, sample is proposed. On

Fig. 12 shows the control line voltages for a four-line sample. The algorithm for calculating columnar voltage levels is set forth in the "Prior-Technical" section in the description of the eighth prototype method. The sequence of actions consists in the sequential execution of the "This Excludes Y" operation on the logical values characterizing the constant row and column voltages over the interval T, summing up the results of the operation and converting the sum values into voltages for the column electrodes. These actions do not allow you to implement a mode with PWM for two-line sampling without invention.

The considered method differs from the prototype method: - in the formation and supply to the columnar electrode in the TT interval, of two components of significant levels, c informative and leveling; - the absence of the "This Excludes AND" operation on logical values corresponding to the levels of string and

Ш- columnar voltages, followed by summarizing the results of the operation. - With respect to a single-line sample, a two-line sample reduces the magnitude of the deviation modulus from M 5 s 50 line voltages by 5 times, according to expressions (17) or (24), and, in the case of a two-field frame, which approximately halves the magnitude of quasi-square fluctuations. skn through personnel feedback. Use of pulse-width mode

Me) of modulation also ensures faster, compared to the frame-by-frame modulation of the prototype method (in just two fields or during the time of MIt), the supply of complete frame information to the screen cells for any gradations of gray. 22 The tenth variant of the method increases the homogeneity and contrast of the image and allows you to zoom in

Gee! speed and screen size. The twelfth technical solution refers to the eleventh variant of the method of controlling the screen containing the panel. The panel contains a liquid crystal material placed between co-substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located and on the other column electrodes are located. Between the row and column electrodes in the places where they cross, there are cells forming 60 elements of the screen image. The volt-square-light characteristic of the cells has the value of the limit values, which set the value of the parameter M tach at least as much as the Mutaho number, where, according to (7), Mlakh-(Ш21-22)2 / (022

ОЦ2щ)2 - screen parameter, Shree -skn, which determines the lower limit of the working range of the volt-squared-light characteristic of the cell, ino - skn, which determines the upper limit of the working range of the volt-squared-light characteristic of the cell, Muaho - the minimum value of the parameter M pah, which the screen has , controlled correctly by a defined, for example, pre-selected, system of control voltages. Correct control of the screen still means any control, including considered in this description, which sets or is able to set the range of squares of the screen on the electrodes of the screen cells in the entire operating range of light or optical characteristics of their image elements. When controlling, which allows noticeable fluctuations of the quasi-sqn near the operating point,

The values of ШЖ and Ша (see Fig. 15) more accurately characterize the parameters of the screen in the working mode and it is more expedient to use them as the values of ШХ and ШХ2 to determine the value of Murlaho. Therefore, the designations of the limit values of SHE and 2 are also used here as values (LZ and OTN4.

The row electrodes of the screen are selected one by one or in groups, the selected electrodes are supplied with pulses of the row sampling voltage M,, the reference voltage Mo is applied to the unselected electrodes, the voltage Mo is applied to the column electrodes in the intervals /o of the row sampling time T, in the general case, consisting of significant Mo levels and voltages.

A distinctive feature of the variant of the method is the formation and supply to the row electrodes of the sample voltage M, with the value of the modulus of deviation from the voltage M 5, which is given by | and I, on the columnar electrodes - significant voltages with the values of the modulus of deviation from Mo, given by the values | ev |y-a Here t is a number not exceeding one, determined by the characteristics of the screen in accordance with the expression p-ME.

The parameter 5-Mupaho/Mtakh does not exceed one.

Mrtaho - The minimum possible for correct control on the given time diagram of the value of M tach of the screen.

Symbols |Dreams| and |МсоЙ denote the values of the modules of deviation from Мо, respectively, the line sample voltages and the significant levels of the column voltage applied to the electrodes of the correctly controlled screen, the value of the parameter

Mutah, which is equal to the minimum for this control diagram, the value of M haho. The value 1 can also serve as a parameter for adjusting the voltages M and Mo to values that set the correct or close to it screen control mode, the value of M lah WHICH is greater than the value of M paho. The meaning of Mrlaho; Mo and Mso for a number of control diagrams are given in the "Theoretical introduction" section. From the two possible sets of values of the modules of the control voltages for the screen, the Mulah of which is greater than the Mulah, determined by the expressions (9) and (10), in the eleventh variant of the method i) the set expressed by the expression (10) and, accordingly, (12) is used. Values of line voltage, reduced in comparison with My, set reduced amplitudes of oscillations of LC molecules. For example, for correct control of the screen with the value M,plakh; WHICH is twice the Muplaho value (250.5), voltage pulses of 0.54M,0 should be applied to row electrodes relative to Mo, and voltage pulses of 1.31M to column electrodes. The positive effect is a 2.3-fold decrease in the ratio of the amplitude of the oscillation of the quasi-squared square to the width of the working zone squared, defined as Min»?-M2. "-

The considered method, together with the two-line sampling, reduces by 4.6 times the specified relative amplitude of the quasi-square wave oscillation, in comparison with the similar amplitude with the one-line sampling of Alta and Pleshko, - providing a practical closure of the dynamic volt-square-light characteristic (see Fig. 15) of the static analog. Therefore, the eleventh variant of the method increases the contrast of the image without changing the frame rate and increases the homogeneity of the image along the line buses. There is an opportunity to increase the speed and size of the screen, and to reduce the power consumed by the control device. "

The use of parameter 1) as a parameter of interdependent variation of Mi Mo values can also be useful for adjusting the operating mode of screens whose M values are close to or equal to M daho. Indeed, in the vicinity of - c values that specify correct control, there is always a certain range of values of Mi Mo, in which the deterioration of image characteristics due to a small incorrect control (in the value indicated above) causes a "resulting improvement of these characteristics due to a faster decrease in the magnitude of the frame response .

The prototype of the eleventh variant of the method is the method of one-line control of the screen according to the US patent Mo509373b (seventh method-prototype). In accordance with the method, row and column voltages are applied to the electrodes of the screen with a large number of 1 scanned row electrodes (at least 300), the ratio of the levels of which -1 is determined by the value of the shift coefficient B, which is in the range of values from 1/ (/М-М/ 200) to 1DYCH-M/50). The task of such control is to increase the contrast and speed of the screen. However, as was shown in the third point of the theoretical introduction, the specified features of the prototype method are neither sufficient nor necessary for realizing the claimed characteristics of the screen. The eleventh version of the method differs from the seventh method-prototype: (Че) - the presence of a multi-line feature of the sample; - the absence of the range of values of the "shift coefficient" p specified in the prototype for screens with the number of scanned lines more than ЗО00, which should be maintained when forming the row and column voltage levels; - the formation and supply to the line electrodes of pulses of the sample M, with the deviation from the reference voltage, which depends on the value of M and the ratio Mrpaho/Mrtpah, as indicated above; - by the formation and supply to the columnar electrodes of significant voltage levels Mo with the amount of deviation from the reference voltage, which depends on the value of Meb and the Mupaho/Mutakh ratio in the above-mentioned manner-

This ends the consideration of screen management options that improve their performance. 60 However, due to the fact that variants of the method connect techniques for improving the quality of the image with the parameters of the screens, which ensure the realization of the technical results that are claimed, the screens are further considered as objects of the technical solution. The thirteenth technical solution refers to the first variant of the screen device, which includes a panel containing LCD material placed between the substrates. Row electrodes are located on one of the substrates, and columnar electrodes are located on the second. 65 cells forming image elements are located at the crossing points of the electrodes.

The screen is controlled by a method from among the considered options, including their combinations. The screen can be controlled by a device made according to the seventh technical solution. A distinctive feature of the screen is that its image element-forming cells are made with the values of the limit values of SHO and Shin", which set the value of Mulakh No less than the number of Mrlakhos TUt. Mlakh(2 well d2)2d(Oet2 - 021)2 -. the screen parameter, discussed in detail in this description, Shii defines the lower limit of the working range of the volt-squared light characteristic of the image element, and fo defines the upper limit of the working range of the volt-squared light characteristic of the image element, M paho DEFINES the minimum value of the parameter M pah; FOR WHICH the correct control of the screen is implemented by the determined timing diagram of the control voltages in accordance with the variant or variants of the method according to the present invention. In this case, the best image quality is achieved on the screen. Examples of 70 Moulaho values for a series of time charts are given in the theoretical introduction. The specific values (ratio) of the limit voltages of the screen cell are set based on the requirements for the contrast of the screen (see Fig. 15). When driving, which is accompanied by noticeable fluctuations of the quasi-square. skn near the working point, as the value of O uni and Shu», which determine the value of Mach, it is worth using the values of ЦО,nz and Yuyusrya. As indicated above, these values more accurately determine the parameters of the screen, which depend on the dynamic volt-square-light characteristic of the 7/5 screen, if the latter does not coincide with the static characteristic.

The prototype of a technical solution can be any control screen, which is carried out using each of the considered prototype methods.

The considered screen differs from the prototype screen in the requirement for its design, which sets the value of the Mudh parameter in a certain range of values, namely, not less than the value of Muaho. The amount of Mulaho, ON ITS 20th Turn, depends on the timing diagram of the screen control in a certain way, discussed in this description. The fourteenth technical solution refers to the second version of the screen device, which includes a panel containing LCD material, placed between substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located. In the places where the electrodes cross, there are cells that form image elements. c 25 The screen is controlled by the eleventh variant of the method, according to which the row electrodes of the screen are supplied with sampling voltages M, the value of which modulus of deviation from the reference voltage M is about the value |Mo| / - n, on i9) the columnar electrodes provide significant voltage levels Mo, the values of the modulus of deviation of which from Mo are close to the values |Moo| /1 z n, where i is a numerical parameter, the value of which is in the interval of values from zero to one. This parameter is useful for adjusting the screen mode. (22) 30 A distinctive feature of the screen is that its image element-forming cells are made with the values of the limit orders of i" that determine the value of Muah, which is close to or equal to the value of Mttaho 1-42). Here

Mlah- (ti nug2)2d(Oeta 2)" parameter of the screen, considered in detail in this description, O, which determines (87 the lower limit of the working range of the volt-square-light characteristic of the image element, ОО 2 (which determines the upper limit of the working range of the volt-square-light element characteristics

From the image, M paho determines the minimum value of the Mrpah parameter; for which the correct control of the screen or variant of the method according to the present invention is implemented. In this case, the best image quality is achieved on the screen. Examples of M,placho values FOR a series of time diagrams are given in the theoretical introduction "

In the case of noticeable fluctuations of the quasi-sq. skn near the working point as the value of Ц, and Шо, which determine the value of З

Mrtakh; it is worth using the values of ЦЧ,нз and Yuna (see Fig. 15). A prototype of a technical solution can be any screen that can be controlled using each of the considered methods-prototypes.

The screen considered here, controlled by the eleventh variant of the method, differs from the prototype screen in the requirement for its design that sets the value of the Muach parameter close to the value of Mlaho/1-57). sl The value of Muahoz, in turn, depends in a certain way, considered in this description, on the timing diagram of the screen control. All variants of the control method, the control device and the screen controlled by the considered method, which are part of the invention, as follows from the estimated calculations given, in particular, in the description, collectively provide a multiple increase in the speed, contrast and uniformity of the image, as well as increasing the size of the 1 screen and the accuracy of color rendering. The range of improvement of the screen characteristics expands with the complementarity and connectivity of the method options.

The characteristics of passive-matrix screens, obtained with the help of the declared solutions, can not only not be inferior, but even surpass the characteristics of active-matrix screens. The advantage of passive-matrix screens, in which parasitic effects are suppressed or neutralized, is determined by higher values of 59 apertures of cells that do not contain thin-film transistors on the screen glass, the absence of increased requirements for

GF) leakage values and other properties of the LCD material. Passive-matrix screens are also promising for work in

HF mode of light reflection.

Structural simplicity, manufacturability, image quality and low cost of flat fast-acting color passive-matrix screens prepare them for the role of the main contender for the place of mass cheap TV screens, which is currently occupied by electron beam tubes. Active-matrix screens cannot claim this place both because of the high cost and because of not high enough speed when transmitting small gradations of gray.

Fig.1. Schematic representation of the LCD screen area with the electrodes attached to the control devices.

Fig. 2. Volt-brightness characteristic of the screen cell. The first option. 65 Fig. 3. Volt-brightness characteristic of the screen cell. The second option.

Fig. 4. Timing diagrams of control voltages and cell voltage when controlling the screen by the first prototype method without PWM.

Fig. 5. Timing diagrams of control voltages and cell voltage when controlling the screen by the first prototype method with PWM.

Fig. 6. Time diagrams of the absolute magnitude of the voltage on the screen cell and the corresponding time diagrams of stationary quasi-sqn oscillations.

Fig. 7. Time diagram of the voltage on the cell when controlling the screen by the second prototype method.

Fig. 8. Timing diagrams of control voltages and voltage on the cell when controlling the screen by the third 7/0 method-prototype.

Fig. 9. Timing diagrams of control voltages and voltage on the cell when controlling the screen by the fourth method-prototype.

Fig. 10. Variants of time diagrams of control voltages when controlling the screen by the fifth method-prototype without shim.

Fig. 11. Time diagrams of columnar control voltages when controlling the screen by the fifth method-prototype with shim.

Fig. 12. Timing diagrams of control voltages for four simultaneously selected row electrodes when controlling the screen using the eighth prototype method.

Fig. 13. Matrices of control voltages for four simultaneously selected row electrodes when controlling the screen by the eighth method-prototype.

Fig. 14. The volt-squared light characteristic of the unit cell of the screen without taking into account the effect of the "frame response" effect.

Fig. 15. The volt-square light characteristic of the unit cell of the screen, taking into account the effect of the "frame response" effect. high school

Fig. 16. Time diagrams of control voltages during single-line sampling of electrodes according to the first technical solution.

Fig. 17. Timing diagrams of control voltages during two-line sampling of electrodes according to the first and eleventh technical solutions.

Fig. 18. Time diagrams of control voltages with single-line sampling of electrodes according to the first, Ge! from the second and third technical solutions.

Fig. 19. Time diagrams of control voltages during two-line sampling of electrodes according to the first, second, third and eleventh technical solutions. "-

Fig. 20. Time diagrams of control voltages during two-line sampling of electrodes according to the first, second, third, fourth and fifth technical solutions. -

Fig. 21. The first example of a diagram of shifts in voltage levels for three groups of columnar electrodes in accordance with the sixth and third technical solutions.

Fig. 22. The second example of a diagram of shifts in voltage levels for three groups of columnar electrodes according to the sixth and fifth technical solutions.

Fig. 23. Block diagram of the screen panel control device. Fig. 24. Block diagram of output transistors for the seventh technical solution. with c Fig. 25. Block diagram of output transistors with output resistance adjustment transistors for the seventh technical solution. ;" Fig. 26. Timing diagrams of control voltages according to the eighth technical solution.

Fig. 27. Timing diagrams of control voltages according to the ninth technical decision.

Fig. 28. Voltage pulses with self-compensation of quadrature twists according to the tenth technical solution.

Fig. 29. Timing diagrams of control voltages with PWM according to the eleventh technical decision.

Sh- The technical solutions considered in the application have been implemented. The best version of the invention is the version that - uses, due to their mutual connection, all or almost all technical solutions. Common examples

The use of variants of the invention with an indication of the useful result achieved at the same time are presented in the sections on the description for the variants and shown in the corresponding figures of the drawings.

Ge) The invention can be used in industry to create computer, television and other screens.

A block diagram of a device capable of implementing control time diagrams in accordance with the variants of the method discussed in the description is shown in Fig. 23.

Time diagrams for one or another line electrode are formed in logic blocks I and B using known methods of forming time diagrams. At the same time, I and B circuits are synthesized from combinational nodes,

F) triggers, shift registers and other known logic circuits and can be implemented in different ways. Line time charts with any options of the control method, including for the seventh variant of the method with time characteristics that differ for different channels, are formed in I and B independent of the plot, that is, having been formed, for example, when adjusting the screen, these diagrams may not be subject to changes in the future.

Therefore, blocks I and B may not contain elements of communication with blocks of information processing.

The voltage levels depending on the channel number, when using the eighth control option, are also set when setting up the power supply unit, each is supplied to the corresponding block of output transistors OTVIi and may not be subject to changes in the future. The number of voltage levels, in comparison with the one shown in Fig. 23, will increase.

Time diagrams for one or another column electrode of the screen are formed in logic blocks II and B). Everything said in relation to blocks I and B remains valid for blocks I and B). Unlike IB blocks, IB blocks contain additional circuit nodes that implement pulse-width modulation of the main significant levels applied to the columnar electrodes of the screen. To implement pulse-width modulation according to the algorithm proposed in the description of the tenth variant of the control method, which refers to two-line sampling, in blocks I B | additional schemes of registers and adders that perform operations or summation of calculation of data values relating to two simultaneously selected pixels of adjacent rows, as well as schemes of registers and adders designed to determine equalizing values of quasi-resistive voltages can be introduced. Other solutions are possible, when the summation operations, data calculation and determination of the duration /o Equalizing levels are implemented in the information processing device (the device is not shown in Fig. 23), from the outputs of which the converted information is sent to the inputs of block C via data buses.

Shifts in time of the moments of supply to different columnar electrodes of control voltages according to the sixth variant of the method can be carried out by introducing clock signal delay circuits in the logic blocks I and B or in the device for generating clock signals (the device is not shown in Fig. 23).

The stepped fronts of the control pulses according to the ninth variant of the method are realized by the formation of additional voltage levels in the power supply unit 1, which are switched according to the timing diagrams set by the logic units.

At the same time, the voltage levels can switch, for example, in the USVIi blocks (Fig. 23) before being fed to the source electrodes of transistors 13, 14 (Fig. 24 or 25).

The formation and adjustment of the voltage levels for the row and column electrodes of the screen, M dah WHICH is greater than the number M laho, is implemented for the eleventh variant of the method in the power supply unit 1.

The possibility of implementing the device according to the seventh technical solution directly follows from its description.

A device that generates time diagrams of control voltages in accordance with variants of the invention can be implemented using microcircuits or drivers on the screen panel.

The possibility of implementing the screen according to the thirteenth and fourteenth technical decisions, respectively, with the values of Qi and Sho, which set the value of Mach, is given in the section "Field of technology". Achievability of the technical result specified in the section "Disclosure of the invention" follows from its subsection "Theoretical introduction", i) formulas and numerical estimates.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is 30 yu 1. The method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which "- row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which liquid crystal cells forming elements of the image of the screen are located in the places of their intersection, in which they are selected according to 35 rows of row electrodes, one by one or in groups, to the selected electrodes supply voltage pulses of the row sample, to the unselected electrodes - the reference voltage Mo, to the column electrode in time intervals T, of the row sample supply the main or main voltage levels, consisting of or from significant levels, or voltage Mo, or their combinations, which set the current brightness values of the selected element or group of selected elements of the image, and an additional level of reference voltage M of the same duration 0) in different intervals T,, " which differs in that when changing the sign of the levels voltage relative to the voltage Mo specified additional level of voltage c is applied to the column electrode after the voltage level of one sign is completed and before the voltage level of the opposite sign is applied. :z» 2. The method of controlling the screen according to claim 1, which differs in that in the time interval T, the durations of the main or main voltage levels on the column electrode vary, while, in the case of sampling row electrodes one electrode at a time in the interval T,, they support a constant value that is equal to TM, the total sl duration of significant voltage levels, and in the case of sampling row electrodes more than one electrode at the same time, within the frame time in T intervals, samples of the same set of rows support a constant - a value that is equal to T -b, the average, which falls on the interval T,, the sum of the products of the durations of each - significant level by the square of the inverse of the ratio of the modulus of the indicated voltage deviation of this level 5p to the modulus of deviation of significant levels at a one-line sampling of this screen controlled in this way with an identical value 0. Ge; C. The method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which, in the places of their intersection, there are liquid crystal cells that form elements of the image of the screen, in which row vv epectrodes are selected in turn , one by one or in groups, line sampling voltage pulses are applied to selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to unselected electrodes, main voltage levels are applied to column electrodes in time intervals T, line sampling (Ф), which consist of either significant levels or reference voltages, or their combinations, that GIs set the current brightness values of selected elements or groups of selected image elements, and voltages are applied to the electrodes of the screen that compensate for parasitic changes in the mean square of the voltage on the cells, which differs in that in the time interval T, per column the electrode is supplied with additional significant voltage levels of a different sign, the same modulus M n deviation v from voltage Mo and constant duration (u/2. 4. The method of controlling the screen according to claim 3, which differs in that the durations of the main or main voltage levels on the column electrode vary, while in the case of sampling the row electrodes one electrode at a time in the time interval T, they maintain a constant value equal to Ти/у , the total duration of the main de Significant voltage levels, in the case of sampling row electrodes at the same time more than one electrode, within the frame time in T intervals, samples of the same collection of rows maintain a constant value equal to Tit, the average that falls interval T,, the sum of the products of the durations of each main significant level by the square of the inverse of the ratio of the modulus of the indicated voltage deviation of this level to the modulus of deviation of the main significant levels at a single-line sampling of this screen controlled by this method with identical values (y and Mu. 5. The method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which liquid crystal cells forming elements of the image of the screen are located in the places of their intersection, in which row electrodes are selected in turn, one by one or in groups, line sampling voltage pulses are applied to selected electrodes, a reference voltage Mo is applied to 70 unselected electrodes, main voltage levels consisting of either significant levels or voltage Mo are applied to column electrodes in the time interval of line sampling T, or their combinations, which set the current values of the brightness of selected elements or groups of selected elements of the image, which differs in that in the time interval T, additional significant voltage levels of a different sign, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M o and constant duration are applied to the column electrode, equal to voltages during the /5 interval T, are applied to the column electrode one after the other in recognition in the given order, direct or opposite, additional significant levels of different signs of deviation from voltage Mo are placed: one - at the beginning, the second - at the end of the interval T,, and the order of the levels in the interval T alternates in adjacent intervals T, according to the sign of the change in the signs of the deviation from Mo of the first and last in the interval T, levels, namely, "plus - minus" in one interval T,, "minus - plus" in the next, and so on during the interleaving time. 6. The method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which liquid crystal cells forming elements of the image of the screen are located in the places of their intersection, in which row electrodes are selected in turn, one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, a reference voltage Mo is applied to the unselected electrodes, basic voltage levels consisting of either significant levels or Mo voltage are applied to the column electrodes in the row sampling time interval T, or their combinations, which set the current values of the brightness of selected elements or groups of selected image elements, which differs i) in that in the time interval T, additional significant voltage levels of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage Mo and constant duration are applied to the column electrode, voltage levels during the interval T, are applied to the column electrode one after the other in the same order, direct or opposite, additional significant b zo Waves of different sign of deviation from the voltage Mo are placed: one - at the beginning, the second - at the end of the interval T,, and on adjacent column electrodes or on electrodes that are compared through one or two , or according to another similar order of comparison, at the beginning of the interval T, the levels that differ in the sign of the deviation from "- voltage Mo. 7. A method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with pads, on one of which there are line ins. zv electrodes, and on the second one there are columnar electrodes, between which, in the places of their intersection, there are liquid crystal cells that form elements of the image of the screen, in which row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups, voltage pulses of row sampling M are applied to the selected electrodes to the unselected ones electrodes - the reference voltage Mo, to the column electrodes in the time interval of line sampling T, the main voltage levels, consisting of either significant levels, or voltage Mo, or their combinations, which " 20 set the current brightness values of the selected elements or groups of selected elements image, which differs in that in the time interval T, additional significant voltage levels of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from the voltage M o and constant duration are applied to the column electrode, voltage levels during ;" of the interval T, are applied to the column electrode one after the other in a certain order, direct or opposite, additional significant levels of a different sign of deviation from the voltage Mo are located: one - at the beginning, the second - at the end of the interval T,, and in neighboring frames, or through a frame , or after two, or according to another such order, in c intervals T, samples of the same row electrode or the same group of row electrodes with an identical or opposite sign set of voltages of the row sample, alternate the order of supplying levels to the Ш-column electrode by the sign coincidence - divergence of the deviation directions from the voltage M about the first in the interval T, - level and voltage M, on the selected line electrode or on the determined line electrode of the selected group. 8. A method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which, at their intersections, liquid crystal cells forming elements of the screen image are selected in turn row electrodes, one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, the reference voltage Mo is applied to the unselected electrodes, voltage pulses are applied to the column electrodes, which set the main significant voltage levels that set the current values in the two time intervals of the TT row sampling the brightness of selected elements or groups of selected elements of an image, which differs in that in the time interval T, additional significant voltage levels of different signs, the same modulus of deviation from ka voltage Mo and constant duration (/2, specified additional levels) are applied to the column electrode voltages of different signs are placed: one - at the beginning, the second - at the end of the interval T,, next to each other ok their supply to the column electrode in the interval T, are alternated in bo adjacent intervals T,, while the voltage pulses for the column electrodes of the screen are divided into groups related to different electrodes and shifted in time relative to their nominal position in the interval TT, until the shift , while the value of the shift is set the same for pulses of a group, unequal for the pulses of different groups, constant during a certain period of time, at the end of which in some or all groups other values of the pulse shift are set or another combination of column groups of pulses 65 of unequal value of the pulse shift in different groups, and other values of pulse shifts are kept constant during the next period of time, after which the specified processes of changing and maintaining constant pulse shift values continue, ensuring equality of zero average deviation of the duration of the additional column level in the interval T,, from the nominal duration of this level in this an interview Lee 9. The method of controlling the screen according to claim 8, which is characterized by the fact that the absolute value of the shift of the voltage pulses for the column group is set in the range of values that do not exceed the value (/2. 10. The method of controlling the screen according to claim 8, which is characterized by the fact that at the end of the time interval during which the pulse shifts in the column groups are maintained constant, in the group of pulses with the earliest shift, the latest shift is set, in the group with the next to the earliest shift of pulses - the shift that precedes the most recent one and the change in the magnitude of the pulse shifts in other groups are set in the order of the specified 7/0 sequential reduction of the shift difference. 11. The method of controlling the screen according to claim 8, which is characterized by the fact that a group of voltage pulses with the same shift in time is formed from pulses for distant from each other column electrodes. 12. The method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which in the places of their intersection there are 7/5 liquid crystal cells that form elements of the image of the screen, in which they are selected in turn row electrodes, one by one or in groups, row sampling voltage pulses are applied to the selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to the unselected electrodes, voltage pulses containing the main voltage levels are applied to the column electrodes, which set the nominal values of the mean square of the voltage on the selected cells, which differs in that in the time interval T, additional voltage levels are applied to the column electrode, which 2o set practically constant deviations in time from the nominal values of the mean square of the voltage on the cells connected to the column electrode, caused by distortions of the shape of the pulses during their propagation along the column electrode, one or more are removed within the frame time of additional time intervals Gb, form for the ith row electrode, starting from some, and/or for the |th column electrode, starting from some second, compensation voltages, respectively, Mroot(Y) and Moot/)), for each electrode of a specified value and sch g of a specified duration, which provide full or partial compensation of the parasitic o deviation from the nominal value of the mean square voltage of the cells of the ith row electrode, caused by the specified distortions of the form of column voltage pulses, and/or deviation from the nominal value of the mean square voltage of the cells of the |th column electrode, caused by distortions of row voltage pulses during their propagation along the row electrode, and they are fed, Ge! zo, respectively, Mooti(s) to the ith row electrode within one or more additional time intervals Co, and/or, respectively, Mootii) to the ith column electrode within the other one or several additional time intervals b, at the same time, during the indicated intervals, the column and row electrodes, which are free from applying the voltages Mosot(Y) Her MesotiY), apply a reference voltage Mo, or a quasi-resistive voltage, or a quasi-resistive voltage on average, or their combinations. - 13. A method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which, in the places of their intersection, there are liquid crystal cells that form elements of the image of the screen, in which row electrodes are selected in turn , one by one or in groups, voltage pulses of line sampling are applied to the selected electrodes, reference voltage Mo is applied to the “unselected electrodes, voltage pulses containing the main 70 voltage levels are applied to the column electrode, which set the nominal values of the mean square of the voltage on the cells, which is different - with the fact that in the time interval T additional voltage levels are applied to the column electrode, which set practically constant deviations in time from the nominal values of the mean square of the voltage on the cells connected to the "" column electrode, caused by distortions of the pulse shape during their spread over the column electrode, for each i-th row electrode, beginning from some, they additionally form a compensation voltage Moot(s) for each electrode of a certain value or duration, which ensure, when adding s with the line voltage or superimposing on the line voltage of the i-th line electrode, during the sampling of this electrode, the compensation of the parasitic deviation from the nominal the value of the mean square of the voltage and cells of the i-th row electrode, caused by the specified distortions of the form of column pulses - voltage, and at the specified time, the specified compensation voltage is applied to the i-th row electrode. 14. The method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with at least two substrates on which both row and column electrodes are located, between the electrodes in the places of their intersection, liquid crystal (Che) cells are located, in which voltage pulses are formed and applied to the electrodes, which set the value of the mean square of the voltage on the cells, which sets the value of the brightness of the elements of the screen image, which is distinguished by the fact that the voltage pulse is given a form that provides full or partial self-compensation of the parasitic change in the value of the mean square of the voltage on the cell, caused by the distortion of the front and the decay of the pulse during its propagation along screen electrode. Ф, 15. The method of controlling the screen according to claim 14, which differs in that the front of the voltage pulse is given a stepped or close to stepped shape. 16. A method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which liquid crystal cells forming elements of the screen image are located in the places of their intersection, in which row electrodes are selected in pairs, at least twice during the frame time, line sampling voltage pulses Mu and M" are applied to the selected electrodes, the signs of deviation of which from the reference voltage M o are set either converging with each other, then non-converging, or in reverse or in a mixed order, on unselected the electrodes supply voltage Mo, on 65 column electrodes supply control voltages containing in the sampling interval T the voltage Mo and significant voltage levels, which differ in that they also form in the sampling interval T; are applied to the column electrode, for certainty, |th, in the general case, two components of significant voltage levels, informational and equalizing, while the duration and sign of deviation from Mo of the informational component, a significant voltage level in the interval T, samples of the ith and ( of the ii-1) row electrodes, when voltages M 4 and Mu" with coincident signs of deviation from Mo are applied to them, respectively, are set proportionally or with a correction that takes into account the nonlinearity of the square-volt-light characteristic of the cell, the magnitude and in accordance with the sign half-sums of brightness values of selected image elements, and in the interval T, with voltages M and Mo with non-convergent signs of deviation from Mo, the duration and sign of deviation from Mo of the information component are set proportionally or taking into account the specified correction of the value and in accordance with the sign of the half-difference of the brightness values of the selected elements of the image, 7/0 The equalization component is formed in such a way that it consists in the interval T,, of significant levels on stripes of a different sign and the same magnitude of deviation from the reference voltage, equal to the corresponding value of the information level, and also of the same duration, which brings the total duration of all significant levels during two sampling intervals T of the same frame image elements to a constant value. 17. The method of controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row /5 electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which liquid crystal cells forming elements of the screen image are located in the places of their intersection with a value of the parameter M lah, greater for the Mulaho number 8 or equal to it, where Mulaho is the minimum value of M, the screen area for which the correct control of the screen is carried out according to the features of the method according to claims 1-17, separately or by their combination, in which row electrodes are selected one by one or in groups , the selected electrodes are supplied with impulses of the line sampling voltage Me, on the unselected electrodes - the reference voltage Mo, on the column electrodes in the time intervals of the line sampling T, the voltage Mo is applied, in the general case, consisting of significant levels and the voltage Mo, which differs in that form and apply to the line electrodes a sample voltage M, with a value of the modulus of deviation from the voltage Mo, close to Im, M"; on the column electrodes - significant levels of voltage Mo with values of modules I 7 deviation from Mo, close to t y ; where M, | and IM | - the value of the modulus of deviation from M o voltage s sv| t to so ge) Mria Mo, supplied to the electrodes of the screen correctly controlled by the indicated time diagram, the Mupakh value of which is greater than or equal to the M,rlaho value, and 7 is a numerical parameter for adjusting the Mi Mo voltages to the correct mode of controlling the screen or a mode close to the correct one . Fo 18. A device for controlling the screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which row electrodes are located, and on the other column electrodes are located, between which in the places of their intersection and) there are liquid crystal cells that form elements of the screen image, as well as a unit for forming levels "- voltages and blocks for forming voltage pulses for screen electrodes, each of which contains an output electrode, a block for forming moments of supplying levels to the output electrode, connected to a block for forming voltage levels, and and - a block of output transistors, connected to the last two blocks and an output electrode, which differs in that transistors are inserted into the output transistor block, which connect to the output electrode one or another voltage level, such that it sets the same or close to the same, with a deviation of no more than 1095 values of the output resistances of the output transistor block . 19. The screen, which contains a panel with substrates, on one of which there are row electrodes, and on the other " 20 there are columnar electrodes, between which, in the places of their intersection, there are liquid crystal cells forming elements of the image, which is distinguished by the fact that the cells -formers of image elements c are made with the value of the Max screen parameter, which is greater than or equal to the Muaho number, where Mulaho:z" is greater than the number M and Mulaho - the minimum value of M dah, for which the correct control of the screen is carried out by variants according to signs method according to claims 1-17, individually or in combination. 1 - I - c 50 3e) F) ime) 60 b5