UA52046A - Variable-voltage transformer - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed variable-voltage transformer contains several independent magnetic systems. Each of the magnetic systems contains a magnetic circuit and a primary winding. The cores of the magnetic circuits are enclosed by a common primary winding. One or several primary windings are divided into sections with adjusting taps.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention belongs to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in the construction of adjustable 2 transformers, in particular, for powering cathodic protection stations, adjustable rectifiers, converters, stabilizers and other devices that require deep adjustment of output parameters (voltage, current).

The well-known design of an adjustable transformer (see US patent Mo3748570, NOTEZ39/00, 1973) contains two magnetic conductors, a primary winding located on the core of one magnetic conductor, a secondary winding and a third winding of two serially connected sections located on adjacent rods of two magnetic conductors.

The primary winding creates a magnetic flux in the first magnetic circuit and the E.R.S. in the third winding, and the third winding creates a magnetic flux in the second magnetic conductor and its sections are connected in series through a passive adjustable impedance, that is, the first magnetic conductor with the primary winding and the second magnetic conductor with the section! of the third winding form two independent magnetic systems. 12 Adjustment of output parameters is provided by impedance adjustment, at low impedance the transformation coefficient of the transformer is practically equal to the ratio of turns of the output and input windings.

The disadvantage of the transformer is the need to install a third sectioned winding and adjustable impedance, which complicates the design, increases energy losses and wire consumption, and limits the possibilities of automation of regulation. 20 The well-known design of the control transformer (see German patent Mo2609697, НО2М5/22, НОТЕ29/14, 1977) contains several magnetic lines with primary windings and a secondary winding covering all magnetic lines.

The primary windings are connected at one end to the pole of the network, and at the other end each of them is connected to the network through an electronic switch. The electronic switch is a triac, and each triac corresponds to a block of 22 time functions that provide close to smooth adjustment of the output parameters. "

The disadvantages of the known transformer are the complexity of the design and high production costs, because a large number of magnetic conductors with primary windings and electronic switches will be required to ensure deep regulation.

The well-known design of an adjustable inductive element (see Japanese patent Mobo-40171, NOTE29/14, 1985) about 30 contains three closed magnetic conductors, on one rod of each of them the primary and secondary windings of alternating current are installed, forming three independent magnetic systems, with connected by T-shaped free rods, which together are covered by a DC winding common to them. at

The adjustment of the output parameters is carried out by superimposing a constant magnetic field on an alternating one. When adjusting the constant magnetic flux, the magnetic conductivity of the general sections of the magnetic conductors and the inductance of the alternating current windings change. We take this design as a prototype. at

The disadvantages of the well-known inductive element are the small depth of adjustment, the difficulty of ensuring smooth adjustment, the increased area of the installation in the plan with a T-shaped connection of magnetic wires.

The basis of the invention is the task of developing the design of an adjustable transformer, technological in production, compact, reliable and durable, which provides high energy indicators (coefficient of 50 useful action, sov f), smooth and deep regulation of output parameters. c The solution to the given problem is provided by an adjustable transformer, which contains two or more independent magnetic systems with their own primary winding and magnetic circuit, each and a secondary winding, due to the fact that the primary winding of one or more of the independent magnetic systems is divided into sections with regulating solders, and the secondary winding covers the adjacent sides of all independent magnetic systems.

At the same time, the transformer contains two commutators, one of which carries out matching or opposite connection of the primary windings of independent magnetic systems, and the second one is connected to the adjusting unsoldering sections. ko To reduce production costs and for the purpose of mechanizing the winding of primary windings when using toroidal magnetic conductors, as well as reducing the cost of winding wire, the primary windings of independent magnetic systems are wound on toroidal magnetic conductors along their length. of them 50 The technical result achieved when using the invention: - the functions of two transformers fed from each other are combined in one transformer, when

Therefore, the regulated power is half and less than the total power of the transformer, therefore the total power of the regulated transformer is less than the total power of the system; - simplified mode of operation of switching devices, because their nominal current is half and 22 less than the full current of the transformer, which increases the reliability of the transformer and its service life; in. - reduced no-load losses, because with the gradual introduction of the consumed power, the primary winding of the second independent magnetic system is not connected to the full mains voltage, but to a lower voltage, therefore, the magnetic induction in the second independent magnetic system is less than the nominal one, and, as a result, the no-load losses stroke in it is negligible, and at full power of the load of the transformer, no-load losses remain 60 less than in the system designed for full power, which increases the efficiency of the transformer; - when winding the primary windings along the length of the toroidal magnetic conductors, the average length of their turns and the turns of the secondary winding is reduced, which reduces the ohmic resistance and, therefore, improves the power characteristics of the transformer; - at the same time, the thermal mode of the transformer is simplified, since each primary winding has its own open cooling surface in the area that is not covered by the secondary winding, which reduces the temperature rise of the winding wire, increases the reliability of the transformer and its service life; - a smooth deep regulation of the output voltage is carried out, starting from zero to nominal, with all intermediate values due to the sectioning of the primary winding of one or more of the independent magnetic systems of the transformer, which allows it to be used in systems of regulation and stabilization of the output voltage both in manual and in automatic modes of operation.

The regulated transformer claimed is explained by the following description and drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 - a view of an adjustable transformer with two magnetic conductors and one secondary winding;

Fig. 2 is a view of a transformer with four toroidal magnetic cores forming two independent 70 magnetic systems;

Fig. 3 - a view of a transformer with four toroidal magnetic cores forming four independent magnetic systems;

Fig. 4 - a variant of connecting the transformer windings when adjusting the output parameters.

According to the invention, the regulated transformer contains two independent magnetic systems 1 and 2 with magnetic conductors 15 C, wound from electrical steel tapes, and primary windings 4 and 5, each installed on its own magnetic conductor (see Fig. 1).

Independent magnetic systems 1 and 2 are installed next to each other, winding to winding, and their adjacent sides are covered by the secondary winding 6, which is installed on top of the primary windings 4 and 5 (see Fig.1)

The primary winding 4 of the independent magnetic system 1 is divided into sections 7 with adjustment solders. 20 The beginning 8 Its end 9 of this winding is connected to the network. The winding 5 of the independent magnetic system 2 does not have divisions into sections and is connected to the winding 4 and its solders by means of its own pole terminals of the beginning and end 11. To connect the load (not shown), the secondary winding 6 has terminals 12 and 13 (see Fig. .1).

To adjust the output parameters, the transformer contains two commutators, one of which 14 is used to connect the primary windings 4 and 5 of the independent magnetic systems 1, 2 in parallel or opposite connection, and the second 15 ov. .4).

In the above version, a split rectangular magnet wire is used, which allows mechanizing the entire process of production of a regulated transformer, using the traditional technology of winding and cutting the magnet wire, separate winding of windings on frames (not shown) and assembling the transformer. «о зо It is possible to use magnetic conductors of the toroidal type. At the same time, each independent magnetic system can have two magnetic conductors, the adjacent sides of which are covered by the primary winding (see Fig. 2), or - each independent magnetic system has its own primary winding (see Fig. 3). The secondary winding b in all cases covers the adjacent sides of all independent magnetic systems with primary windings (see Fig. 1 - 3).

When using toroidal magnetic conductors C, the primary windings 4 and 5 of independent c

35 of magnetic systems to wind the radial along the entire length of the magnetic conductors, because it allows to reduce the consumption of wire on the primary and secondary windings due to the reduction of the average length of the perimeter of the turns of the windings, to use traditional mechanized winding of the primary windings and to improve their cooling conditions (see

Fig. 3).

Increasing the number of independent magnetic systems with segmented and non-segmented windings allows you to expand the limits of adjusting the output parameters of the regulated transformer. in c The transformer being claimed works in the following way. . Having included in the network the primary winding 4 of the magnetic system 1 at the nominal voltage Ochnom, we obtain the secondary winding would have a voltage equal to 0.5 nominal Sho - 0.5 Oon, because the magnetic flux penetrating the secondary winding will be created only by the independent magnetic system 1. In the independent magnetic system 2

The magnetic flux will be zero due to the fact that the voltage supplied to the primary winding 5 is also zero.

Let us consider the initial state of operation of the claimed transformer, in which its output voltage у is equal to zero ОО" - 0. For this, it is necessary that in the part where the adjacent sections of magnetic conductors of independent magnetic systems 1 and 12 are covered by the secondary winding 6, the total magnetic flux was equal to zero. This is achieved by the fact that the pole 11 of the primary winding 5 of the magnetic system 2 is connected through the commutator 14 with

Ф is the beginning 8 of the primary winding 4 of the magnetic system 1, and the pole 10 of the beginning of the primary winding 5 of the magnetic system 2 is connected through the commutator 15 to the end 9 of the primary winding 4 (see Fig. 4, dotted),

With such a connection, the magnetic fluxes created by the primary windings 4 and 5 in their magnetic fields 1712 will be of the same value as the flux created in the adjacent area of the magnetic systems covered by the secondary winding b, while the fluxes will be directed oppositely, and the total flow

P will be equal to the algebraic sum, i.e. zero, and, therefore, the secondary voltage OO" on the winding b will also be zero.

In order to obtain a voltage in the secondary winding b equal to the voltage of the four adjustment stages, it is necessary to switch the pole 10 of the winding 5 to the fourth desoldering from the end 9 of the sectioned primary winding 4, and leave the pole 11 of the winding 5 in place (see Fig. 4, dashed). Further voltage adjustment is carried out similarly.

To obtain a full voltage in the secondary winding 6, which will be equal to the nominal voltage of OO 5. Ohm; it is necessary to connect the pole 10 of the primary winding 5 to the beginning 8 of the primary winding 4, and to connect the pole 11 of the primary winding 5 to the end 9 of the primary winding 4 (see Fig. 4).

In this case, the primary winding 5 of the independent magnetic system 2 will be connected to all the turns of the primary winding 4 of the independent magnetic system 71, that is, both windings will be connected according to, therefore, the magnetic flux penetrating the secondary winding b will double, and the voltage in it will be equal to the nominal voltage of the Fire (see Fig. 4).

The regulated transformer, which is claimed, allows: - to increase reliability and service life; reduce idling losses and increase the efficiency.

Sources of information: 1. US patent Mo3748570, NOTE39/00, 1973. 70 2. German patent Mo2609697, НО2М5/22, NOTE29/14, 1977. 3. Japanese patent Mo60-40171, NOTE29/14, 1985:

Claims (4)

The formula of the invention and , , , s, 1. Regulated transformer containing two or more independent magnetic systems with their own primary winding and magnet wire, each and a secondary winding, which is characterized by the fact that the primary winding of one or more of the independent magnetic systems is divided into sections with regulating taps, and the secondary winding covers adjacent sides of independent magnetic systems. 2. Regulated transformer according to claim 1, which differs in that the primary windings of independent magnetic systems have the same number of turns. Q. Regulated transformer according to claims 1, 2, which differs in that it contains two commutators, one of which makes the parallel or opposite connection of the primary windings of independent magnetic systems, and the second one is connected to the regulating unsoldering sections. 4. Regulated transformer according to any of items 1-3, which is characterized by the fact that the primary windings of independent magnetic systems are wound on toroidal magnetic conductors radially along their length. "Official Bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated microcircuits", 2002, M 12, 15.12.2002. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Social Science of Ukraine. « «c) with I c) - with . and? 1 name) ("c) sh" 4) 60 b5