UA51321A - Method for steam generation and stem-generating appliance (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for generating steam that prescribes winding of the working media flow. Working media flow is interrupted by means of giving spiral shape to it, with convergence. Steam-generating appliance has cylindrical body with central steam discharge branch pipe, inlet and outlet vortex chambers, those are equipped, respectively, with inlet tangential and outlet branch pipes, and a placed in the inlet vortex chamber directing apparatus with channel (s) co-directed to the working media flow. Channel(s) in the directing apparatus is (are) made as convergent spirals.

Description

The invention relates to steam power engineering and can be used to obtain steam in steam condensing and other installations.

The closest to the claimed method is the steam generation method, which involves swirling the flow of the working medium with a decrease in the radius of the swirl of the flow (see the author's certificate

USSR Mo419687).

This method was chosen as a prototype.

The prototype coincides with the claimed invention in that it contains a common feature - twisting the flow of the working environment. But the prototype provides insufficient pressure drop of the working environment. As a result, the known method has low productivity.

The closest to the claimed device is a steam-generating device, which contains a cylindrical body with a central steam outlet pipe, inlet and outlet vortex chambers connected by a central adapter (in the prototype, they are called "input and outlet compartments"). The inlet chamber (compartment) is equipped with a supply pipe, and the outlet chamber is equipped with an outlet pipe.

The inlet pipe is installed tangentially to the inner forming body. In the inlet vortex chamber there is a guiding device made in the form of a cylindrical tube with channels (in the prototype they are called "nozzles") accompanying the flow of the working medium (see copyright certificate of the USSR Me966399, IPC E22829/08).

The design of this steam generating device was selected as a prototype.

The prototype coincides with the claimed invention in the presence of common features: - a case with a central steam outlet; - inlet vortex chamber; - outlet vortex chamber; - the inlet vortex chamber is equipped with a tangential inlet nozzle; - the outlet chamber is equipped with an outlet pipe; - the guiding device placed in the inlet vortex chamber; - the guiding device has channels that are parallel to the flow of the working medium.

In this device, part of the energy of the flow of the working medium is usefully used to increase the volume of the boiling zone, namely, the jet is forcibly directed through a tangential channel (nozzle) to a smaller radius.

But, a significant drawback of this steam-generating device is the insufficient increase in the boiling zone, which has a cylindrical shape within the dimensions of the device. As a result, the device has insufficient steam generation capacity.

A group of inventions is claimed, which are united by a single inventive idea, in particular, a method of generating steam and a steam generating device.

The basis of the invention is the task of generating steam by breaking the flow of the working medium and giving it a certain shape during twisting, to ensure the intensification of the steam generation process.

The problem is solved in the method of steam generation, which involves swirling the flow of the working medium by breaking the flow of the working medium by giving it the shape of a converging spiral.

The basis of the invention, in relation to the design of the steam generating device, is the task of creating two versions of the device, in which, due to the implementation of one or more channels of the guiding device of a certain shape, to ensure the intensification of the steam generation process.

In the first version, the set task is solved in a steam generating device, which contains a cylindrical body with a central steam outlet nozzle, inlet and outlet vortex chambers, which are equipped with tangential inlet and outlet nozzles, respectively, as well as a guiding device with a channel along the flow of the working medium located in the inlet vortex chamber by the fact that the channel in the guide apparatus is made in the form of a converging spiral.

In addition, the cross-sectional area of the channel increases along the flow of the working medium.

Another additional feature is that the cross-sectional area of the channel is constant along the flow of the working medium.

A channel in the form of a converging spiral can also be made in such a way that its cross-sectional area decreases along the flow of the working medium, while the cross-sectional area of the channel in any part of it must correspond to the ratio:

Eh « about Vk

Who where

Eo - cross-sectional area at the beginning of the channel;

Ko - radius of the channel, corresponding to the cross section of the channel with the plane Eo;

Ex - cross-sectional area of the channel in any of its more frequent;

Ex - radius of the channel, corresponding to the cross-section of the channel with the plane E,;

The task is solved in the second version of the steam-generating device similarly to the first. The difference is that the guiding device has several channels, each of which is also made in the form of a converging spiral.

The features that develop and complement the channel characteristics are the same as for one channel in the guiding device according to the first variant of the invention.

What is new in the invention regarding the method is that, firstly, the flow of the working medium is broken, and secondly, that the flow is broken by giving it the shape of a converging spiral.

Due to this, the elementary volume of the liquid working medium is forced to be given a larger space than that which this elementary volume can fill while being in the liquid phase. A static analogy of this process can be a closed syringe, the entire piston volume of which is completely filled with liquid. Pulling back the piston leads to an increase in the volume under the piston space, while a void or cavity is formed, which is quickly filled with vapors of liquid that boils. In the claimed method, a similar process takes place continuously over the entire length of the channel.

What is new in the invention regarding the device, in the larger version, is the execution of the channel in the guide apparatus in the form of a converging spiral.

The novelty also consists in alternative additional features that develop the specified feature, namely: - the cross-sectional area of the channel increases along the flow of the working medium; - the cross-sectional area of the channel is constant along the flow of the working medium; - the cross-sectional area of the channel decreases in the course of the working medium, while the cross-sectional area of the channel in any of its parts must correspond to the ratio:

Ah « t Ah

Who where

Eo - cross-sectional area at the beginning of the channel;

Ko - radius of the channel, corresponding to the cross section of the channel with the plane Eo;

Ex- the cross-sectional area of the channel in any of its parts;

Khx is the radius of the channel, corresponding to the cross-section of the channel with the plane K,;

The execution of the channel in the guide apparatus in the form of a converging spiral ensures the formation of steam caverns with intensive steam formation due to an increase in the speed of the medium due to a decrease in the radius. Due to the presence of a sufficient supply of kinetic energy in the flow, the intensity of steam formation is greater in the channel, the area of which increases along the flow.

In other cases, it is allowed to use channels with a constant plane, as well as channels that narrow, but under the conditions of observing the given ratio of cross-sectional planes and their corresponding radii.

The method is carried out as follows.

The working medium with a temperature below the boiling point at a given pressure is swirled in such a way as to give it (the flow) the shape of a converging spiral. At the same time, due to the reduction of the twisting radius, in accordance with the law of conservation of momentum, the velocity of the medium flow increases. Due to the fact that the volume provided to the working medium in any cross-section exceeds the volume necessary to ensure the density of the medium and the non-rupture of the flow, steam caverns appear along the entire length of the swirling flow, in which intensively the liquid medium evaporates.

The steam-generating device is shown in the drawing, where: Fig. 1 - a view of the device with one channel in section along the diameter; Fig. 2 - a view of the device with one channel in section A - A; Fig. 3Z - a view of the device with two channels in a section along the diameter; Fig. 4 - a view of the device with two channels in section A - A;

The steam generating device includes a body 1 with a central steam outlet 2.

The partition Z divides the housing 1 into the inlet 4 and outlet 5 vortex chambers.

The inlet vortex chamber 4 is equipped with a tangential nozzle 6. The outlet vortex chamber 5 is equipped with an outlet nozzle 7. In the inlet vortex chamber 4, there is a guiding device 8, which houses a channel 9. Channel 9 (Fig. 1, 2) is made in the form of a converging spiral .

The second variant of the invention (Fig. 3, 4) differs in that the guide apparatus 8 is placed: several (two or more) channels 9, each of which is made in the form of a converging spiral.

The steam generating device works as follows.

The working medium, which has a temperature below its boiling temperature for this sand, is fed into the inlet vortex chamber 4, in which the liquid enters the channel 9, which is made in the form of a converging spiral. During movement along channel 9, the speed of the liquid increases according to the law of conservation of momentum, and the flow twists and takes the form of a spiral. The consequence of this is a decrease in static pressure immediately after the liquid enters the channel 9 and the formation of steam caverns, which increase as the liquid moves through the channel 9.

This leads to the formation of an additional evaporation zone in channel 9, which increases the performance of the steam generating device.

The operation of the steam generating device shown in Fig. 3, 4 is similar to that described.

Claims (9)

1. A method of generating steam, which involves twisting the flow of the working medium, which is characterized by the fact that the flow of the working medium is broken by giving it the shape of a converging spiral. 2. A steam-generating device containing a cylindrical body with a central steam outlet nozzle, inlet and outlet vortex chambers, which are equipped with tangential inlet and outlet nozzles, respectively, as well as a guiding device with a channel along the flow of the working medium, located in the inlet vortex chamber, which differs in that that the channel in the guide apparatus is made in the form of a converging spiral. 3. Steam generating device according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the cross-sectional area of the channel increases along the flow of the working medium. 4. Steam generating device according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the cross-sectional area of the channel is constant along the flow of the working medium. 5. Steam generating device according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the cross-sectional area of the channel decreases along the flow of the working medium, while the cross-sectional area of the channel in any part of it must correspond to the ratio: Е, «Е, Би, where Кк, Eo - cross-sectional area at the beginning of the channel; Ko - radius of the channel, corresponding to the cross section of the channel with the plane Eo; Ex - cross-sectional area of the channel in any of its parts; K - radius of the channel, corresponding to the cross-section of the channel with the plane EC,; 6. A steam-generating device containing a cylindrical body with a central steam discharge nozzle, inlet and outlet vortex chambers, which are equipped with tangential inlet and outlet nozzles, respectively, and also located in the inlet vortex chamber, a guide apparatus with channels accompanying the flow of the working medium, which differs in that , that the channels in the guide apparatus are made in the form of a converging spiral. 7. The steam generating device according to point b, which differs in that the cross-sectional area of each channel increases along the flow of the working medium. . 8. Steam generating device according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the cross-sectional area of each channel is constant along the flow of the working medium. 9. A steam generating device according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the cross-sectional area of each channel decreases along the flow of the working medium, while the cross-sectional area of the channel in any of its parts must correspond to the ratio Е «EE В, ,where Кк, Ео - cross-sectional area at the beginning of the channel; Ko - radius of the channel, corresponding to the cross section of the channel with the plane Eo; Ex - cross-sectional area of the channel in any of its parts; K, - radius of the channel, corresponding to the cross-section of the channel with the plane EC.