UA45152A - DEVICE FOR CLIMBING, LOWERING AND WORKING AT HEIGHT - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for climbing, descent and work at a height, containing a flexible tie, at one end of which a means for securing it to a support is fixed, and at the other end - a securing means in the form of a belt with a buckle is mounted, the flexible tie is made as a rope, and the securing means to the support - as a chain with a safety hook, the means for securing a worker to the rope additionally has a loop-like holder in the form of under shoulder and over shoulder loops of the rope, connected between them and to a fixing bar, put on by its hole on the rope, a braking and catching mechanism, mounted on the belt buckle, which contains two movable braking blocks, enclosing the rope from both sides by its buckled surfaces and acting together with the provided by the handles eccentrics, which are mounted on the buckle with a possibility to rotate and double fixing of the belt to its buckle, a feet support, made as a oval frame with the spring hinges at its sides, with the middle hinges and struts, provided by the opposite disposed shackles for the rope enclosing, and provided by the elastic hinges for the feet enclosing.

Description

Description of the invention

The intended invention belongs to the technique of ensuring work at height, climbing and descending with the help of 2 flexible rods, as well as emergency evacuation measures.

A well-known device for emergency descent of people, which includes a drum with a suspension and cable freely installed in the body and a braking device in the form of braking pads located in the body, connected to the braking regulator / see aut.sv. USSR Mo1563708, Ab62B 1/00, Bul. Mo18, 1990/,

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not have a means of fixing the rescuer on the rope, and therefore it is not suitable 70 for working at height while supporting the rope. There are no means in it that would ensure the rise of people to a height, because it does not have an engine, and it is impossible to do this manually.

A known device for descent, which contains a coil with a flexible element and a handle, kinetically connected to a braking mechanism, made in the form of a body, the containers of which are filled with a viscous liquid, and the flywheel is immersed in it /see aut.sv. Mo1625493, Ab2V 1/12, Bul. Mob, 1991/, 12 The disadvantage of this analogue is that, despite the great complexity of the design, its bulkiness and convenience, it cannot be used for climbing on a flexible element and for working at a height because it does not provide means for fixation flexible element neither to the support nor to the rescue.

A known means of fastening a rescue belt on a rescue object, which has technical support in the form of a double belt with a ring of a tightening device, which covers the object in the horizontal plane and crosswise / see aut.sv. USSR Mo1391660, Ab62B 1/20, Bul. Mo16, 1988/.

The disadvantage of this technical means is that it does not have a braking mechanism. It is reliable for fixing the worker on a support and on a flexible beam, but it is not suitable for climbing it, nor for descent, nor for working at height without a braking mechanism.

A known lowering device, which includes hinged plates in a housing, braking

The mechanism of which is the rollers in contact with the descent cord and connected to the braking control device "see aut.sv. Mo1b655518, Ab2B 1/14, Bul. Mo22, 1991/,

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not have means of fixation, neither on the support nor on the body of the rescuer, and therefore it is unsuitable for climbing and working at height.

A well-known lifting-rescue device with the movement of objects from the bottom-up and top-down, which has the appearance of an airtight barrel with an exit and an entrance, also provided with tightness. This is a whole structure, heavy, hardly mobile and, although quite effective, it is not suitable either in emergency situations or for work at height / see aut.sv. USSR Mo402350, Ab2V 1/20, Bul. Mo22, 1988/. --

The closest in technical terms is a device for belaying and lowering people when working at a height, which contains a flexible pull in the form of a tape, to one end of which a means of attachment to the support and a means of attachment to the body of the worker and to a detachable belt are fixed insurance element, also in the form of a flexible suspension rod / see aut.sv. USSR Mo294347, Ab2V 1/20, Bul. Mo9, 19877,

The disadvantage of the prototype is that, firstly, it has many suspended elements, which are inconvenient and difficult to use, and, secondly, it is impossible to climb on flexible ropes - to climb or descend them at all, because the worker's fixation elements are fixed on at the ends of the above-mentioned rods and, thirdly, on these rods Z 70, drives are fixed from above, which block access to the working platforms located above the support point. c Therefore, for emergency situations, this device is not very effective, and it is inconvenient for work. z" The invention is based on the task, taking into account the positive and negative aspects of the prototype - a device for belaying and lowering people when they work at height, to create such a device that would be devoid of negative qualities, would be able to ensure safe work at height, ascents to high place of work and descent from them without assistance. It was planned to do this by transferring the braking mechanism directly to the worker - on the buckle of his belt and placing the means of its adjustment there for 4! changes in the speed of climbing on a flexible rope and full reliability of a fixed stop at any height with the release of hands to perform the necessary work. For this purpose, it was also intended to introduce additional means into the device - more reliable fixation of the upper and lower parts of the worker's or rescuer's body. sl 20 The task is solved by the fact that the device for climbing, descending and working at height, which contains a flexible traction, at one end of which is fixed a means of fixing it on a support, and at the other end - a means of fixing it to the worker in the form of a belt with buckle, according to the proposed invention, the flexible pull is made in the form of a rope, and the means of fixing it on the support - in the form of a chain with a carabiner, while the means of fixing the worker on the rope includes, in addition to a belt with a buckle, a loop-shaped fixator in the form of rope shoulder and shoulder loops, connected 29 between each other with a fixing bar attached to the rope through its hole, while this means is supplemented by the one established in on the belt buckle braking - by a gripping mechanism, which includes two movable braking pads, covering the rope on both sides with their wavy beds, and interacting with eccentrics equipped with handles, installed on the buckle thanks to the fingers with the possibility of their rotation and double fixation of the belt in the buckle, and also supplemented foot support, which is made in the form of an oval frame with lateral elastic loops, with 60 middle hinges and racks, equipped with oppositely located brackets on them with the possibility of covering the rope with them, and elastic loops - the feet.

The technical and consumer result, achieved thanks to the use of all the distinguishing features of the proposed device, is that there was an opportunity to create such a version of the device that more reliably fixes the worker on a flexible rope - rope, gives him the opportunity to climb on it to a height, work there in profitable because of the conditions of fixation and go down it without any secondary help. This was achieved by the fact that the belt with a buckle was supplemented with a loop-shaped fixator for the shoulder part of the worker's torso, a footrest, gloves and the introduction of new elements into the design of the buckle, which ensures double fixation of it on the belt.

The essence of what is proposed is explained by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows the general view of the device for lifting, lowering and working at height and the process of its lifting, lowering and working at height and the process of its application; in Fig. 2 - the starting position of the worker; in Fig. 3 - gripping the rope with hands; in Fig. 4 - lifting the legs and placing them on the footrest; in Fig. 5 - bringing up to the starting position for the next cycle of movements; in Fig. b - a set of devices schematically; in Fig. 7 - a belt buckle with a braking-engaging mechanism, enlarged; in Fig. 8 - the same, side view; in Fig. 9 - the same, top view; in Fig. 10 - 7/0 Axis-finger eccentric, bottom view; in Fig. 11 - the cylindrical key of the axis - the hoop, front view; in Fig. 12 - foot support in axonometry; in Fig. 13 - the same, side view when lifting the legs; in Fig. 14 - the same, a side view when brought up to the starting position for the next cycle; Fig. 15 - fixing bar, side view; in Fig. 16 - the same, with fixation.

Specifically, the device includes the following elements of its set: rope 1, loop-shaped fixator of the shoulder part of the worker's torso 2, lumbar belt 3, leg support 4 and a pair of gloves 5 /see fig. 1 - 5, bD/.

Rope 1 has a chain 7 attached to it using a carabiner 6 with an end carabiner 6. It is made according to the technology of cords and ropes used in mountaineering. Petgle-shaped fixator 2 is a pull in the form of a double rope loop - under the shoulder and above the shoulder, covering the upper part of the body of the worker below the shoulders and above the shoulders and coincides with the front of the body, where the fixing bar 8 is put on them.

Lumbar belt C is made of strong elastic material in the form of a wide strip 9, on one end of which a buckle 10 is attached, and its other end is free and for fixing it on the belt it has a loop 11, and for fixing it to the buckle - a series of holes 12, made on in it with strictly the same distance distance from one to the other.

The buckle 10 had a clip 13, in the middle of which the end of the strip 9 of the belt Z, as well as its tightly fitting end 15, are placed through its side slots and fixed on its back wall 14. To adjust the girth of the belt and secure its double fixation on the worker the embrace 13 has two fingers 16, which are placed in the hole of its front 17 rack and, passing through the holes 12 of the belt Z, are fixed in the hole of the rack 14. Each finger 16 has a gripping handle 18 and a continuous groove 19 that coincides with the lumbar ring 20 a groove made on its surface. The handle 18 is made in the form of an index 21 to the scale 22, on a buckle 10, on its right front rack 17 a braking - gripping mechanism is mounted, which has two identical, movably fixed on this rack braking pads 23, each of which has wavy beds 24, which are in contact with the rope passed between them and in such a way that they each cover it up to half and at the same time the protrusions of one of them coincide with -/- and depressions of the other one, opposite /see fig. 7/. On the front surface 17 of the rack, these blocks 23 are movably fixed thanks to the fingers 25 with flanges, which are placed in the beveled /at an angle of 457/ slot 26, made at its corners. In the middle part of each block 23, a transverse slot 27 is made for the passage of a finger 16 through it, for which a cylindrical key 28 is made in the hole of the wall 17, inserted into the grooves 19 and 20 of this finger with the possibility of vertical and horizontal movement in them so that this finger could perform two functions - reliably fix the belt and control braking / see fig. 10, 11/. On top of each block are placed eccentrics 29, fixed on fingers 16, for which limiting stops Z0 are made on the connecting edges of the blocks 23, and above and below these "

KOLODOK limiters for them are funnel-shaped rings 31 for passing and directing the movement of the rope. They are fixed from the top and bottom of the arms 13, with the possibility of horizontal movement of the blocks placed between them, and free vertical movement of the rope / see fig. 7 - 11/. Footrest 4 is made in the form of an oval frame;" 32, which has hinges 33 in the middle, which allow it to bend in both directions. On each half of this frame, racks 34 are fixed, on which brackets 35 are fixed, covering the rope and on both sides, and at the ends of these halves, leg retainers are attached in the form of elastic (for example, rubber) loops. fig. 12, 13, 14/ their Fixing bar 8 is made in the form of a support for suspending the body of the worker to the rope through the loops of the loop-shaped fixator 2 attached to it. It has a support 37, which rests on the chest of the worker and to which through its hole 38 are attached the above loops of the fastener 2, and in front - the second hole 39, through which the rope 1 is passed. - The opposite edges of this hole from the chest have rounded stops 40, which provides a more reliable "bite" 5r Rope. Gloves 5 have cuffs and tapes 41 with Velcro 42 at the ends of the heating battery 43. o Use the device in this way. Rope 1 of the device is used for: 1/ going up - climbing

Ge along the rope; 2/ downward descent - sliding along the rope; With/ work at height - fixing on a rope. Rope climbing is shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, which demonstrate all the movements that a worker must perform to reach any height. Descent, or sliding down the rope, can also be imagined from these images. Work at two heights - This is the position of the worker shown in Fig. 5, i.e. fixed suspension on the rope while leaning on it with the legs and fixing the body with its loop-shaped fastener 2. At the same time, the hands are freed to perform work

P operations.

With all the above-mentioned means of using the device, first of all, rope 1 is attached to the support - its chain 7 is applied, using carabiners 6. Then the worker puts on the belt З and the fastener 2, having previously passed the rope 1 through the holes 39 of the bar 8, the holes of the funnel-shaped rings 31 , that is, between the blocks 23, as well as between the racks 34 and their brackets 35 of the leg support 4. The above-mentioned elements function as follows. The buckle 10 performs not only the role of fixing the belt Z on the worker's body, but most importantly - it acts as a braking - gripping mechanism. When the worker rises up, the blocks 23 diverge and release the rope from the grip. This is achieved by the fact that the rope clamped between the pads pulls them down, and the belt Z with the buckle 10 and its 65 embrace 13 at the same time moves up and the fingers 25, which through the slots 26 squeeze these pads sideways and up. But the fingers 16, which are placed in their horizontal lumbar slots 27, do not allow them to move up, and therefore these pads move only in the horizontal plane - to the side, and therefore both the buckle 10 and the belt Z and with them and the loop-shaped fastener 2 have the ability to move up without obstacles

If after that the worker leans on elements 2 and 3, for example when stopping, then the pads 23 move in the opposite direction - one to the other, while they squeeze the rope 1 between them and hold it firmly, because the wavy beds 24 of these pads bend it in many places, which creates a holding friction between them of a significant force, which depends on the force of gravity, that is, on the worker's body mass. This force of pressure of pads 23 to rope 1 can be significantly increased in necessary cases, for example, when working at height. This is achieved due to the additional pressure that can be obtained with the help of eccentrics 29 by turning one or 70 of both handles 18, and this pressure of the pads can be fixed and set by navigating the scales 22 and using the indexes 21.

Thus, by changing the braking and de-braking of the braking-grabbing mechanism, the worker has the opportunity to move up or down the rope, using only his hands. These actions can also be helped by the locking bar 8 of the lock 2. When moving the worker up, it is held by the support 37 on his body in the 7/5 Horizontal position and freely passes the rope 1 through its hole 39, which has a diameter slightly larger than the rope. When the worker stops and rests on the rope, this support 37 moves downward under the influence of his weight, tilts the bar 8, which with its hole 30 and stops bends the rope placed in this hole, as they say "bites it", which is used by the worker for additional support on the rope. that is, to support his body both through the upper and through the lower part of his body, which is important for rest and work.

The worker gets even more relief when moving and stopping on the rope, when he uses foot actions.

When climbing from the starting position /fig. 1, 2, 3, 5/ the worker raises his legs with his knees up /fig. 4/, he bends and "breaks" the frame 32 in its hinges 33, because the legs pull the ends of this frame through the loops 36 up /fig.1/. The hinges 36 pull the ends of this frame up /fig.13/, and this prompts the racks 34 and their brackets 35 to diverge from each other and release the rope 1 placed between them. This prompts the reverse movements of the elements 32, 33, 34, 35 - the frame is straightened, and the brackets 35 compress and bend the rope 1, "bite" it, which gives the worker the opportunity to rest his feet on the frame 32 and perform straightening, that is, lifting the body on the rope and holding worker at height. It is only necessary that the frame is elastic and its side parts and hinges 33 are slightly pressed against the rope to ensure the "break" of the frame when it is lifted. This is how the device functions when working with the feet, and it ensures the most efficient movement of the worker on the rope and fixing him for rest and performing various works at height. When descending the rope, it is recommended to use gloves 5, so as not to injure the palms of the hands, and for the reliability of fixing the gloves on the hands, they have a cuff with Velcro. Legs "- during descents should be kept slightly bent at the knees and brought closer to each other so that the frame 32 does not expand more than necessary for the descent / see fig. 12, 13, 14/,. Shit,

The technical advantage of this device over the prototype is that it more reliably insures the worker at height "E and makes it possible to independently overcome the height by climbing a rope, descend it, work and rest at a height, without additional assistance and the expenditure of any energy carriers.

We are sure that this device will be widely used in the field of fire protection, in rescue teams, helicopter pilots, various specialists working at height, as well as among sportsmen-alpinists, rock climbers, speleologists and other conquerors of heights. with with with"

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention A device for climbing, descending and working at height, which contains a flexible pull, at one end of which is fixed a means of fixing it on a support, and at the other end - a means of fixation in the form of a belt with a buckle, which is distinguished by the fact that it is flexible the traction is made in the form of a rope, and the means of fixation on the support - in the form of a chain with carabiners, the means of fixation on the worker's rope additionally includes a loop-shaped fixator in the form of - rope sub-shoulder and supra-shoulder loops, connected to each other and with a fixing device with its own hole for 5 Rope by a bar installed on the belt buckle by a braking-engaging mechanism, which includes two movable braking blocks, covering the rope on both sides with their wavy beds and interacting with eccentrics equipped with GE handles, which are installed on the buckle with the possibility of their rotation and double fixation of the belt in the buckle , a footrest, which is made in the form of an oval frame with lateral elastic loops, with middle hinges and racks equipped with mutually oppositely located brackets on them with the possibility of covering the rope with them, and elastic loops - the soles of the feet. R 60 b5