UA44935C2 - INTERNAL COMBUSTION DIESEL ENGINE INJECTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

Fuel injector of a diesel combustion engine is installed in the head of an engine with a combustion chamber in the pistol. Fuel sprayer is placed in the swirler attached to the head, with a swirl chamber and tangent apertures near the head end; sprayer is made with possibility of fitting into the central channel of the combustion chamber. Air compressed by the piston, after the swirler enters the central channel, goes to the combustion chamber through side channels and the swirler. Due to just in time mixing with air in the swirl chamber, and rotary motion, fuel being sprayed is uniformly distributed in the combustion chamber over a circle and in height, effectiveness of combustion is provided, with increase of the diesel combustion engine efficiency increase.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to engine construction and can be used in internal combustion engines with 2 ignition from air compression.

A well-known two-jet fuel injector with pneumatic spraying for DVZ (ЕРБО2626АЙ dated 07.07.95 БРО2М 69/04) (analog) with two calibrated fuel supply holes and two holes in the atomizer adapter for air passage. Jets of fuel and air intersect and mix.

The disadvantage of the nozzle is the uneven distribution of fuel droplets in the combustion chamber and the low efficiency of its 70 combustion.

A known injector (Japanese application 6424161 MKV4 РО2М 69/4 publ. 01.26.89) (prototype), in which the improvement of fuel atomization is achieved by supplying the atomizer through a channel from any source of compressed air.

The fuel flowing out of the nozzle hole of the injector is divided into two streams, mixed with air and then fed into the combustion chamber through the channels. 12 The disadvantage of the nozzle is the uneven distribution of fuel in the combustion chamber and the low efficiency of its combustion.

The task of the invention is to create a nozzle for a diesel internal combustion engine, which, thanks to the improvement of the air supply channel, ensures uniform distribution of fuel in the combustion chamber with increased combustion efficiency.

The features of the prototype, which coincide with the essential features of the claimed invention, are the fuel sprayer and the air and fuel supply channel. A feature different from the prototype is that the air supply channel is made in a swirler attached to the head with a twisting chamber in which the fuel atomizer is located, and tangential holes around the end of the head and the possibility of the swirler entering the central hole of the combustion chamber.

The causal relationship between the essential features of the invention and the achieved result is as follows. Around the top dead center (TDC), the swirler closes the central channel of the combustion chamber and compressed by a piston with 22, air is supplied through the tangential holes into the twisting chamber, and through the side holes - into the combustion chamber. Go)

The fuel injected by the atomizer is crushed into droplets, mixes with air and due to the rotational movement is evenly distributed by a swirling jet in the combustion chamber. The movement of the piston to the end of the head is accompanied by a uniform distribution of fuel along the height of the combustion chamber. This ensures combustion in the volume of the chamber and increases the efficiency of fuel use in the internal combustion engine. at

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the nozzle in the engine, and Fig. 2 shows a section along AA in Fig. 1. co

The piston pair of the engine consists of piston 1, cylinder 2 and head 3. Combustion chamber 4 in the piston is made with central 5 and side b channels. The swirler 7, attached to the head, has a swirling chamber 8, tangential inlet holes 9. In the swirler there is a sprayer 10 of a nozzle with calibrated holes 11. 3o The movement of piston 1 in cylinder 2 towards the head Z is accompanied by air compression in the superpiston space with Z overflow it into the combustion chamber 4 through the central 5 and side b channels. The TDC circle swirler 7 covers the central channel 5 and air flows into the combustion chamber 4 through the side channels 6 (Fig. 2) and into the swirl chamber 8 through the tangential holes 9. Due to the rotational movement of the air in the swirl chamber, the fuel supplied from the spray nozzle 10 through the calibrated holes 11, is crushed into droplets, C 50 is evenly distributed in the air and enters the combustion chamber 4. Thanks to the movement of the combustion chamber c relative to the swirler, a uniform supply of fuel along the height of the combustion chamber is ensured. Due to early mixing of fuel with air and uniform distribution in the circular and longitudinal directions, combustion in the volume of the chamber is ensured, combustion efficiency increases and, as a result, the efficiency of the diesel internal combustion engine. g"

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is the injector of an internal combustion diesel engine with a combustion chamber in the piston, which is installed in the head and has a fuel atomizer and an air supply channel for the fuel, which differs in that the air supply channel oo 20 is made in a swirler attached to the head with a swirling chamber in which the fuel atomizer is placed, and tangential holes near the end of the head, and the swirler has the possibility of entering the central opening of the combustion chamber. F) name) 60 b5