UA40323U - Hydroponic water treatment plant with biodestructor-enzyme mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydroponic water treatment plant with biodestructor-enzyme mixer contains bioplateau body, filled with granular loading, in which higher water-resistant plants are planted, pipeline for water supply for treatment, drainage system of water distribution in zone of root system of plants, gathering drainage system, placed in the lower part of the body and connected with the pipeline for drainage of treated water to the gathering tank. A bioplateau body is equipped with inlet chamber, separated by wall from granular loading. To the inlet chamber pipeline for water supply for treatment is delivered, and also the drainage system of water distribution is introduced. In the thickness of granular loading a T-shaped hydraulic elevator mixer is placed, made in the form of horizontal and vertical pipelines, and the horizontal pipeline is placed between the drainage systems of distribution and gathering of water and introduced to the inlet chamber, and its opposite part, placed in the thickness of granular loading, made with the formation of receiver-ejection zone, to which pipeline for injection of compressed air is introduced. The upper part of vertical pipeline of the T-shaped hydraulic elevator mixer is fixed above water level, to which tubulure of metered introduction of biodestructor-enzyme is leaded.

Description

directly affects the redox potential of the water environment before the phytocleaning process, destroying the stability of the water-pollution system and ensuring direct oxidation of impurity inclusions.

However, the peculiarity of the T-shaped hydraulic elevator mixer is the constructive combination of the process of hydrogen-gas saturation with the influence on the biocenosis of activated sludge due to the fact that the upper part of the vertical pipeline, the T-shaped hydraulic elevator mixer, is placed above the water level, to which the nozzle for the dosed introduction of biodestructors-enzymes is connected. It is this design solution that allows you to create an optimal microbiological environment that enters the intake chamber for pretreatment on the basis of highly effective products of natural biocatalysts. As biodestructors-enzymes, bred microorganisms are used, which in turn secrete enzymes, for the decomposition of impurities of organic origin, for example, a preparation based on an association of destructor strains isolated from natural conditions and selected for the most active destruction of hydrocarbons, which are used for the biodegradation of oil product residues, naturally breaking down fats, proteins, saccharides and other substances of organic origin, which are a constituent part of wastewater, creating its pollution. Entering from the intake chamber through the drainage system of water distribution in the zone of the plant root system, they form a biofilm on the granular load, while decomposing complex organic pollutants to the state of elements necessary for their assimilation by moisture-loving plants, for which these substances are nutritious. The life activity of enzymes is limited, therefore their dosed introduction is necessary, while the design of the device allows for the introduction of biodegradation drugs that correspond as much as possible to the nature of the pollutants in the water, and the design of the hydroelevator mixer allows for the dosed introduction of the drug concentrate, excluding additional devices for preparing solutions .

In fig. 1 shows a scheme of hydroponic water treatment facilities with a mixer of biodestroyers-enzymes.

Hydroponic water treatment facilities with a mixer of biodestructors-enzymes consist of a water supply pipeline for purification 1, an inlet chamber 2, a bioplateau body 3, filled with granular loading 4, in which higher moisture-loving plants are planted 5, a drainage system for water distribution 6, a zone of the plant root system, T- similar hydraulic elevator mixer, made in the form of horizontal 7 and vertical 8 pipelines, receiving-ejection zone 9, into which the pipeline 10 for pumping compressed air from the compressor 11, the inlet of biodestructors-enzymes 12 from the dosing unit 13, the collective drainage system 14, the pipeline water outlet 15 in the collection tank 16, the purified water outlet pipeline 17.

Hydroponic water treatment facilities with a mixer of biodestructors-enzymes work as follows.

Water for cleaning is supplied through the pipeline 1 to the inlet chamber 2 and through the water distribution drainage system 6 fills the volume of the body of the bioplateau 3. By turning on the compressor 11 through the pipeline 10, compressed air is supplied to the intake-ejection zone 9 of the horizontal pipeline 7 of the T-shaped hydraulic elevator mixer.

Thanks to this, part of the water from the layer of granular loading 4 is removed and returned to the intake chamber 2 by the air flow. At the same time, through the vertical pipe 8 of the T-shaped hydroelevator mixer from the dosing unit 13 through the fitting 12, the biodestructor-enzyme concentrate is introduced. Thus, a water-gas mixture enriched with biodestructive microorganisms and enzymes enters the inlet chamber 2 together with water that needs to be cleaned. It is due to this procedure that the redox potential of water in inlet chamber 2 is sharply increased, direct oxidation of pollutants and preliminary microbiological treatment of pollutants is carried out.

The presence of enzymes (natural catalysts) accelerates the decomposition reactions of complex organic compounds, including those of petroleum origin, to mineral compounds. In addition, specially selected microorganisms, in the presence of oxygen, lead to the death of helminth eggs, protozoa, opportunistic and pathogenic microflora, a fermentation process takes place, due to which the biological value of the elements increases, turning them into fertilizer due to biochemical, structural and microbiological transformations . Therefore, in the nominal mode of operation, the prepared water is fed through the distribution drainage system 6 into the granular loading 4 of the bioplato 3, into the zone of the root system of higher moisture-loving plants 5. When contacting the root system of the selected higher plants, pollution is absorbed by the latter. This process is facilitated by the formation of a biofilm on the surface of the mineral load, which includes biodestructive microorganisms, while the presence of enzymes activates the process of microbiological mineralization of pollutants, accelerates the processes of decay of organic components, including dissolved impurities. The fermentation process continues, due to which the biological value of decay elements, which are more actively absorbed by plants, increases. Filtering through the mineral load 4, the water is completely purified and through the collecting drainage system 14, the water is diverted through the pipeline to the collection tank 16, from which it is diverted through the pipeline 17 for further use.

The offered hydroponic water treatment facilities with a mixer of biodestructors-enzymes differs from facilities of a similar purpose by the complex effect on the water environment of gas saturation and the microbiological factor provided by the structural elements proposed in the design of the device. At the same time, separate use of the biological substrate is achieved in the intake chamber, which is combined with gas saturation and mixing, and in the bioplateau in the form of a biofilm in combination with phytosorption removal of pollutants, while the presence of enzymes significantly accelerates the biodestruction processes of complex organic pollutants. Due to such a combination, a qualitatively new result is obtained, because the dosing of enzymes, thanks to the proposed solutions, does not require additional tanks for the preparation of solutions, but is diluted directly at the place of their use, while the water is simultaneously saturated with oxygen, which helps to ensure optimal conditions for their vital activity. This combination allows you to create conditions for their successful reproduction in an environment rich in organic nutrients, which for humans are pollutants, and therefore their costs are sharply reduced.

The design allows the use of a wide range of specially grown strains of microorganisms, depending on the characteristics of the contamination, while this procedure can be carried out quickly, because it does not require additional equipment and special operations (such as breeding, storage, etc.).

The features of the device include the safety of the technology and ease of use of the equipment.

The implementation of the proposed technical solution will allow to increase the speed of the biological treatment process (by 2...4 times compared to the traditional use of IZI activated sludge), and the costs during the operation of facilities will decrease by 1.5...1.8 times due to the saving of energy costs and consumption of reagents for chemical treatment, which reduces the cost of wastewater treatment. Therefore, the economic effect of the implementation of the station can be

8...12 kopecks per 1 cubic meter of purified water.

Used information 1. a.s. Me1761678, class C 02 EE 1/00; 1/24; V 01 0Ю36/04, 1992. 2. The use of higher aquatic plants for biological purification of freshwater reservoirs. K. Yankyavichyus and others TSOONTY-YINISON, Vilnius.

From Blynov V.A. Biotechnology. - Saratov, 2003. - 196 p.

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