UA28675C2 - METHOD OF SOLDERING OF METAL STRUCTURES, FOR EXAMPLE OF THIN-WALLED PIPES AND FLANGES, MAINLY STEEL - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention can be used in mass production of flanges, pipe armature elements, branch pipes, etc., and at repair of those. Method for metal structures soldering, for instance, for soldering thin-wall pipes and flanges, mostly made of steel, is in placing in the soldering gap the solder and the flux, after it the components being soldered are heated up to the soldering temperature and the compression pressure is applied, by means of form-formation instrument, at that the shape of the soldered junction being formed corresponds to the shape of form-formation instrument. Compression of details is achieved in axial and tangential directions as well, thus level of uniformity of the plate deformation of metal along the whole contact surface is provided and the shrinking porosity is removed.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to the field of soldering, in particular to the soldering of thin-walled, mainly steel pipes and flanges of 2 metal structures.

The invention will be most widely used in the serial production of flanged joints in various branches of mechanical engineering.

A known method of soldering metal structures, including assembly of parts with placement of solder and flux in the soldered gap, application of static pressure with plastic deformation of parts in the joint area /А. with. 70 USSR Mo716748, cl. B23K1/00 01.08.75 r./. The method is used to combine dissimilar metals, the destruction of the joints occurs on a softer metal. The disadvantage of the invention is the impossibility of obtaining a soldered joint with a uniform base metal.

The prototype of the invention, which is claimed, adopts a method of soldering metal structures, for example, thin-walled pipes and flanges, preferably steel, which includes assembly of parts with the placement of solder and 719 flux in the soldered gap, heating to the soldering temperature and plastic deformation of the parts in the joint area by application of deposition force /A. with. USSR Mo1133054, cl. В22К1/00, 30.09.83 published in B1

M1, 85 years/.

The disadvantage of the known method is that the force applied to the parts to be connected spreads only in the axial direction, which causes unevenness of the degree of plastic deformation on the joining surface, and as a result, the appearance of equal defects in the connection, in particular, porosity. In addition, the strength of such a connection, as a rule, is lower than the strength of the base metal.

Also, the disadvantage is that if it is necessary to manufacture a flange connection, which has various structural elements in the zone of the soldered connection of the flange and the pipe on the working surface of the flange, such as: technical protrusions, depressions, annular grooves, grooves intended for following the placement of gaskets or seals, etc., or the formation of a given surface roughness in the places where the gaskets or (Ge) seals are glued, the specified structural elements must be performed by mechanical processing of the metal on the working surface of the flange, which is to be joined, before the formation of a soldered joint, or perform based on an already created pipe and flange connection after the connection process. This significantly complicates the process of manufacturing a flange connection for the subsequent installation of a metal structure. at

The invention is based on the task of improving the quality of brazed joints and simplifying the method of brazing of metal structures, for example, thin-walled pipes and flanges, preferably steel, by plastically deforming the metal of the joint with a forming tool and giving it the corresponding given design shape in the joint area a joint similar to that of a forming tool, which allows metal deposition in the joint zone in both axial and tangential directions, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the degree of plastic deformation of the metal over the entire surface of the joint, preventing the formation of a shrinkage porosity

Uniform strength of the solder joint with the base metal is achieved by using a forming tool that has the required configuration, with the help of which plastic deformation of the connecting edges is carried out. The shape and surface of the forming tool (its working part) C corresponds to the shape that must be given to the surface of the joint after the soldering process is completed. deposition force in normal (axial) and tangential directions, in contrast to the process described in the known invention, where deposition is carried out only along the axis of the connected parts.

Such directionality of the deposition force ensures the uniformity of the action of deformation along the entire perimeter of the connected annular solder joint that connects the pipe with the flange and allows to eliminate sediment porosity and other defects of the solder joint. о In addition, the execution of the above-mentioned structural elements on the surface of the forming tool, which during the connection process are formed on the working surface of the flange by plastic deformation, b allows to obtain a flange connection immediately after the end of the soldering process, which directly, bypassing 20 technological mechanical processing operations, it is possible to use it as intended, namely to seal the obtained protrusions of the spacers or to place the corresponding sealing materials in the form of spacers, etc., in the resulting grooves, annular grooves, depressions.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the implementation of the method with the placement of the inductor on the outer side of the flange.

Item 1 - pipe; 29 item 2 - flange;

GF) item 3 - fixed clamp; item 4 - movable clamp; item 5 - inductor; pos.b6 - forming tool. 60 Fig. 2 shows a diagram of the implementation of the method with placement of the inductor on the inner side of the flange.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged image of one of the structural elements, which has the form of a ring "knife", which is used when sealing gaskets.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of compression force decomposition.

The invention is explained by the following drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a scheme of the method of heating the connected parts (pipes, item 1 and flange item 2) with an inductor, which is located on the outside, and in Fig. 2, the inductor is located on the inside in relation to the flange.

Assembled connected parts, in this case, steel pipe item 1 and flanges item 2 are installed in a fixed clamp item 3, and a forming tool item 6, an inductor item 5 or another heating device is clamped in a movable clamp item 4 , heats the assembled connected parts to the soldering temperature both on the outside (Fig. 1) and on the inside (Fig. 2) in relation to the flange.

At the same time, the solder and flux previously located on the edges of the parts or located in the soldered gap are melted. Under the action of the deposition force - "P" the movable clamp pos. 4, which holds the forming tool pos. .1 and flange item 2) fig.4. The base metal in the area of the joint of the caps in the joint area will plastically deform, fill the solder gap and squeeze out the molten solder and flux. When reaching, for each part that is connected, the value of plastic deformation and solder gap filled with deformable metal, as well as the disappearance of the gap "d" between the forming tool pos. 6b and the working surface of the flange pos. 2 (fig. 1), or the disappearance of the gap "ad" between the pipe pos. 1 and the inner surface of the flange pos. 2 (fig. 2) - the deposition pressure is stopped.

The degree of deformation is chosen depending on the grade of the base metal of the pipe, item 3z.17 and the flange, item 2, the structural shape of the joint, the heating temperature, which in turn depends on the applied technological soldering materials (solder and flux), and is controlled by the amount of movement of the forming of the tool, or by the disappearance of the gap "4".

The advantages of this method include the possibility of its mechanization and automation.

According to the given scheme, the flange and steel pipe were welded, which has an inner diameter of 258.0mm, an outer diameter of 270.0mm, with a groove under the flange with a depth of 4.0mm and a grooved diameter under the inner diameter of the flange of 267mm. The connection was forged on a sliding fit, the edges of the pipe were processed with a cutter. As compact and powder solders, copper according to GOST 546 - 57, PAN - Z according to TU 14-1-2531-80 and PPMFS60-cm 0.15 according to TU 48 - 3602 - 7 - 77 were used, which require heating, respectively 11002 - 8707. o

For soldering with copper-phosphorus solder, PV 201 flux was used, in recent cases - a mixture of borax (8090) and boric anhydrite (20905).

After the axial force was applied and the inner edges of the pipe and flange were deformed by the forming tool and the flange-pipe connection was fully formed, the flange separation force from the pipe was determined by creating the internal destructive pressure of the medium acting on this connection. The obtained value of the force of separation is 1.2 - 1.5 times higher than the value of the force that destroys a similar connection, which was made by welding. It should be noted that the structural element obtained in the connection process in the form of a "depressed" ring "knife" on the working surface of the flange during the tests performed sealing at the connection point. co

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention c The method of soldering metal structures, for example, thin-walled pipes and flanges, preferably steel, which "consists in assembling parts with the location of solder and flux in the soldered gap, heating to a temperature of 70 degrees for melting the solder, and plastic deformation of the parts in the joint area by applying pressure - with deposition, which differs in that the plastic deformation of the connecting edges is carried out with the help of a forming tool, while the surface of the soldered joint is shaped according to the shape of the forming tool. name) (ee) (22) - 50 sl F) name) 60 b5