UA26832U - Electrohydraulic installation for pressing of articles - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrohydraulic installation for pressing of articles contains a vacuum chamber, a drive of vertical displacement, a die, a vibration table and a vibrator. It is provided for with horizontal vibration table installed on the drive of vertical displacement which center section is made in the form of a disk movably fixed with it by flexible connection under which a vibrator is rigidly located relative to the vibration table which is made in the form of electric discharge generator of elastic vibrations, and the sockets, on which the vibration dampers are located, pushers, which upper ends are rigidly connected with the corners. The upper shelves of the corners are limited by guides which ensure their vertical displacement, and on the edges of horizontal shelves the grooves are made in which the rollers are located. These rollers are the supports for the pan installed on these rollers fixed by similar grooves from below the horizontal bend thereof, to which on top, against horizontal smooth surface, the elastic convex rubberized shell is hermetically pressed. This shell is equipped on the edges from the inside with washers, upper from which is rigidly and hermetically connected with support cover with a die.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to the metallurgical, construction and other areas of industry, in particular, to 2 installations for forming products from metal powders and fibers, hard and especially hard construction and other mixtures.

There is a well-known installation for vibration-impulse pressing of powders (authorized certificate of the USSR Mo877866, Cl. B 22 3/02, B 30 B 15/02), which holds a bed, a vibrator, a matrix installed on a vibrator, a movable traverse with a punch and a hydraulic system. 70 The well-known device for vibration-impulse pressing of powder (Aust. certificate of the USSR Mo799250. Cl. B 22 3/02, B 30 B 13/00), which holds a bed with guides, a carriage, a mechanism for the reciprocating movement of the carriage and the auxiliary plate, discharge chamber placed in the bed and made of grooves on the upper end surface for the installation of matrices, and the punch is rigidly connected to the attachment plate and placed coaxially with the chamber. In addition, the device is equipped with hydraulic cylinders with rods and the plate is mounted on the latter. 12 A well-known installation for pressing products from powder (auth. certificate of the USSR Mo1003448, Cl. В22 3/02, В 30 В 12/00), holding a matrix placed on a carriage, equipped with a reciprocating movement mechanism and placed on the bed guides, the electric discharge vibrator placed in the bed and the attachment plate, equipped with a shock loading mechanism of the upper punch, made in the form of an electric discharge chamber, fixed on the attachment plate and the lower punch installed on the vibrator. The installation can also be equipped with a support ring placed on the upper plate of the bed coaxially with the vibrator, and spring supports of the matrix.

The disadvantages of these installations are the insufficiently high quality of the products due to the damping properties of the air compressed in the pores of the product.

As a prototype, the installation according to auto. witness USSR, Cl. In 28 In 1/10, publ. in Bul. Mob, 1973 Zr., which holds a vacuum chamber mounted on a vibrating platform, in the upper part of which a stamp with a pneumatic drive for its vertical movement is fixed.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the insufficient quality of the products and the impossibility of pressing products from hard and especially hard dispersed mixtures without binders, for example, products from fiber and powder metal materials, since the effect on them of the additional load from the difference in pressure (vacuum in the vacuum chamber and atmospheric) and vibrovacuum is not enough for their formation, as well as the low productivity of the installation. co

Joint design solutions for the prototype and the electro-hydraulic unit for pressing products with a vacuum chamber, a drive for vertical movement, a stamp, a vibrating table and a vibrator. co

The task of a useful model is to increase the quality of pressed products and the productivity of the installation. Gee)

The task is achieved by the fact that the electro-hydraulic plant for pressing products is equipped with a horizontal vibrating table, installed on a vertical movement drive, the central part of which is made in the form of a disk movably fixed to it by a flexible connection, under which a vibrator, made in the form of an electric discharge, is centrally placed rigidly to the vibrating table a generator of elastic oscillations and a bed with push rods placed in them, on shock absorbers, the upper ends of which are rigidly connected to the corners, "FC vertical shelves of which are limited by guides, ensuring their vertical movement, and on the edges of 50 horizontal shelves, grooves are made in which placed rollers and which are stops for the pallet placed on these rollers, fixed by similar grooves from below its horizontal bend, to which from above, to the horizontal and smooth surface, an elastic curved rubberized shell is hermetically pressed, provided on the edges from the inside with washers, the upper one of which is hard o and hermetically connected by a cover with a stamp.

To limit the increase in the distance between the edges of the shell and ensure the possibility of its reduction, the washers are connected to each other by flexible connections. o The design solution for the implementation of an electro-hydraulic installation for pressing products is provided

Ge") with significant distinctive features, in comparison with analogues and the prototype. 1. Introduction of new features that indicate the presence of significant differences: equipped with a horizontal vibrating table installed on a vertical movement drive, the central part of which is made in the form of a disk movably fixed to it by a flexible connection.

Thus, the vibrating table consists of a central moving part, which perceives impact and vibration loads and transfers them to the pallet, and a stationary remaining part that can be moved using vertical movement drives. The departure from the sequential arrangement of the elements of the vibrating table, which takes place in the prototype, allows to obtain a new combination of nodes and parts, which is characterized by new useful 25 properties of the installation. c Drives of vertical movement, which are placed under the vibrating table, move the vibrating table, and not the cover with a stamp (prototype) thanks to the new arrangement of features. This provides tight pressing of the vibrating and impacting part - the disk to the base of the pallet, which is a necessary condition for improving the quality of the molded product by maximizing the impact and vibration effects on the dispersed mixture, which is 60 compacted, and sealing the space between the lower edge of the curved shell and the horizontal bend of the pallet for deaeration of this mixture in the process of vibration and shock effects. These operations are forced and therefore fail-safe.

The drive of vertical movement in the prototype is provided by the movement of the die under the influence of pressure differences (atmospheric and vacuum in the vacuum chamber) and its own weight. The vibrating table can change its position only under the action of the vibrator, at the same time, not a separate part of it, but as a whole. because Movable fixation of the disc with the table is carried out in this way. Two disks are placed on the sheet vacuum rubber from below and above, which tightly compress it with a threaded connection, and the edges of the vacuum rubber are pressed by the same connection when the vibrator is rigidly attached to the table. 2. Partially new combinations of features that indicate the presence of significant differences: "...under which a vibrator is placed rigidly to the vibrating table,... glasses with pushers placed in them on shock absorbers.,...".

The vibrator, according to the prototype, is also rigidly attached to the vibrating table from below, but it provides vibration of the entire table and does not provide shock effects on the forming mixture.

The vibrator of the electro-hydraulic unit for pressing products provides vibration not of the entire vibrating table, but only of its central part - the disc, which also perceives shock effects, which are especially necessary when forming /o metal fiber and powder mixtures. The use of a new type of vibrator - an electric discharge generator of elastic oscillations - is caused by the need to apply to the forming hard and especially hard mixtures, in addition to more powerful vibration and shock loads, and in order to transfer them to the forming product in a concentrated form, the vibrator body needs to be fixed on a stationary table, which caused the need to separate the vibrating table into a moving (central part - disk) and a stationary part. This necessity /5 created a new type of connection and interaction between features.

C. The introduction of a new feature, which indicates the presence of significant differences and a new combination of nodes and parts, which is characterized by new useful properties of the installation, takes place: rigidly connected to the corners...".

The movement of the pushers is directly dependent on the vertical movement drive, as the cups are rigidly fixed from below under the holes of the part of the vibrating table that is not subject to vibration.

Shock absorbers soften the transmission of forces and ensure a gradual transition from a calm state to the process of moving corners.

In contrast to the prototype, in this case there is a new sign of ensuring communication and interaction between these Signs. 4. A distinguishing feature: "... steep slopes, the vertical sides of which are limited by guides that ensure their vertical movement...".

For a strictly vertical movement of the corners, limiters of horizontal displacements are needed, namely guides in the process of work of pushers, which provide a new feature in the form of a new combination. с зо 5. A distinctive feature: ,... corners... on the edges of the horizontal sides grooves are made in which the rollers are placed and which are stops for the pallet placed on these rollers. The rollers are fixed with similar grooves on the bottom of its horizontal bend...". so

The horizontal shelves of the corners, turned to each other, are consoles for the installation of a pallet with a mold, the bottom of which fits tightly against the disk. Moving the pallet with the molded product and replacing the ise)

Зз5 his new one with a press mold filled with a dispersed mixture, is carried out on rollers, under the condition of depressurization of the vacuum chamber (by vertical movement drives and the length of the flexible connection between the washers installed on the edges of the flexible shell).

The displacement of the pallet from the rollers is excluded by the presence of a groove on the lower side of the horizontal bend and the fixation of the end part of this bend (by reducing the thickness of the stop of the horizontal shelf). This solution allows to ensure the continuity of the process, namely to ensure the increase of productivity in the installation. A tray with a removable part of the chamber that provides a vacuum volume. . In comparison with the technical solution of the prototype, in this electro-hydraulic installation there is an introduction of a new feature and a new combination of features. b. Distinctive feature: "... an elastic curved rubberized shell is hermetically pressed against a horizontal and smooth surface, which is provided on the edges from the inside with washers, the upper one of which is rigidly and hermetically connected to the stop cover with a stamp."

Removal of air and gases mechanically trapped, adsorbed on the surfaces of solid particles and dissolved in

Me, liquid is possible under the condition of vacuum and vibration. Vibration and shock effects are provided

Go! with a vibrator, and the vacuum volume in the presence of a vacuum system - by sealing the gap between the shell and the pallet. o The mentioned conditions are the same for the prototype and the electro-hydraulic plant for pressing products, but

Their implementation in the last installation is provided by a new combination of features. When evacuating the vacuum volume through the channels in the stamp, the pallet remains in place, and the shell from the outside acts as an additional load, equal to the magnitude of the pressure difference (vacuum in the chamber and atmospheric), which tries to level it. Thus, vacuuming provides not only quality indicators of the mixture, but also reliably seals the shell with the pallet in the process of vacuuming, vibrovacuum and vibrovacuum force forming. c The quality indicator, in this case, increases due to the better performance of the vibrator.

The force of pressing the shell to the pallet is regulated by a flexible connection between the washers, and the pressing of the disk to the bottom of the pallet is regulated by vertical movement drives. 60 When the pallet with the product is removed, the table is lowered by vertical movement drives and the chamber is depressurized, thanks to the presence of a flexible connection between the washers of the shell.

Such a solution provides quality indicators of the product and increases the productivity of the installation, thanks to the presence of a new combination of features and the replacement of part of the features with new ones.

The figure schematically shows an electro-hydraulic installation for pressing products. 65 The installation consists of a stop cover 1 with a stamp 2, provided with a nozzle C with a cork valve 4 connected by channels 5 and a rubberized, elastic shell b curved with a semi-ring, a washer 7 rigidly and hermetically fixed to it, connected by a flexible connection 8 h with a similar washer 9, which provides hermetic pressing to the pallet 10, on the bottom 11 of which is installed a press mold 12, which, with rollers 13, rests on the stops 14 of the horizontal shelf of the angle 15, which is installed in the guides 16 and equipped from below with pushers 17, placed on shock absorbers 18 in the cups 19 of the vibrating table 20, installed on the punches 21 of the cylinders 22 and equipped with a disk 23 with a flexible connection 24, under which is formed a housing 26 with a nozzle 27 for its removal and horizontal electrodes 29 and 30. The installation is equipped with a pulse current generator 31, a vacuum system 32 and control panel 33.

The electro-hydraulic plant for pressing products works as follows. 70 At the bottom extreme position of the punches 21, the pallet 10 is moved beyond the elastic shell 6 on the supporting part 14 of the corners 15 on the rollers 13. A press mold 12 filled with a dispersed mixture is placed on the bottom 11. After that, the pallet 10 is returned to the working position in a similar way.

The punches 21 of the cylinders 22 of the vibrating table 20 with the disk 23 and the body 20 are moved vertically upwards to a position that ensures a tight fit of the bottom 11 of the pallet 10 to the disk 23 and sealing of the gap between /5 the upper bent part of the pallet 10 and the lower part of the elastic shell 6.

The vacuum system 32 is turned on, connected to the nozzle C with an open cork valve 4. Through the channels 5, vacuuming of the closed volume limited by the tray 10, shell 6 and lid 1 is ensured. As air and gases are removed under the influence of the pressure difference (vacuum in the closed volume atmosphere), the press mold is pressed against the stamp 2, which contributes to the removal of air and gases from the dispersed mixture and its preliminary compaction.

The punch 21 of the cylinders 22, as the pallet 10 moves vertically upwards, ensures tight contact between the disc 23 of the vibrating table 20 and the bottom 11 of the pallet 10.

Thanks to the flexibility of the shell 6, the sealing of the limited volume is not disturbed.

To remove the remains of air and gases adsorbed on the surfaces of solid particles, mechanically captured by ov 1 dissolved in the liquid phase (if any), as well as for further particularly dense formation of a dispersed mixture, turn on the pulse current generator 31, simultaneously ensuring the circulation of water in the chamber 25 with the help of nozzles 27 and 28. Electric discharges in the liquid that occur between electrodes 29 and 30 ensure the vibration of the disk 23. The amplitude and frequency of the oscillations of the disk 23 is regulated by the pulse current generator 31 from the control panel 33. The vibration time is determined experimentally and depends from degree c of the required density of the molded product.

After reaching the desired density of the molded product, turn off the pulse current generator 23, the vacuum system 32 and the water circulation in the chamber 25, where the limited vacuum volume is sealed by lowering the vibrating table 20 with the punches 21, and together with it the pallet 10 with the press mold 12 and the molded product in it (under the action of its own weight). At the same time, atmospheric air is supplied through the vacuum system 32 through the fitting. Next, the pallet 10 is moved outside the shell b and the press mold 12 with the molded product is removed and the process is repeated.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention «| | | | | s 1. An electro-hydraulic installation for pressing products, which contains a vacuum chamber, a vertical movement drive, a stamp, a vibrating table and a vibrator, which is distinguished by the fact that it is equipped with a horizontal "z" vibrating table installed on a vertical movement drive, the central part of which is made in the form of a disk , movably fixed to it by a flexible connection, under which a vibrator, made in the form of an electric discharge generator of elastic oscillations, is placed rigidly to the vibrating table, and cups on which are placed d) shock absorbers, pushers, the upper ends of which are rigidly connected to the corners, while the upper shelves of the corners are limited by guides that ensure their vertical movement, and on the edges of the horizontal shelves Me, grooves are made in which the rollers are located, which are stops for the pallet installed on these rollers, and fixed by similar grooves from the bottom of its horizontal bend, to which the top , to a horizontal smooth surface, hermetically pressed elastic curved progumov there is a shell, which is provided on the edges from the inner side with washers, the upper one of which is rigidly and hermetically connected to the stop cover with a stamp. GE 2. Electro-hydraulic installation for pressing products according to claim 1, which differs in that the washers are connected to each other by flexible connections. p. 60 b5