UA26077U - Separator - Google Patents

Abstract

A separator contains a loader, a cylindrical horizontal sieve with drive, an undersize holding capacity, a jacket with connected screw unloading device. Air heater with a fan (air-stove) is connected to the jacket from outside.

Description

Description of the invention

The utility model refers to the technique of separating wet, clogged granular products and can be used in agriculture, food, chemical and other industries.

Known separators with cylindrical sieves (BCS, KBS, Zidta). However, the specified equipment is complex and ineffective for wet products.

The closest technical solution to what is claimed is a BZO scalper consisting of a horizontal cylindrical sieve with a drive, a loading and cleaning device and a casing. 70 The disadvantage of the known device is the ineffectiveness of separating wet and clogged granular products due to the sticking of the sieve holes from the inside.

The purpose of the useful model is to increase the efficiency of separation of grain products, including grain and seeds with high humidity and clogging.

This task is solved by the fact that the separator, consisting of a loading device, a cylindrical 79 horizontal sieve with a drive, a sieve container, a casing with an attached screw unloader, is equipped with an air heater with a fan (heater) attached to the casing.

The diagram of the proposed separator is shown in the figure. The main units of the separator are a cylindrical sieve with a drive 1, a loading nozzle 2, a casing 3, a sieve container 4, a screw unloader 5, a heater 6, a valve 7, an aspiration fan 8.

The disadvantage of the well-known scalper is the sticking of the product (straw, chaff, seeds) inside the cylindrical sieve, so the grain together with impurities leaves the sieve without separation. It is impossible to dry wet, clogged grain due to grain settling (low flowability) and ignition of impurities in the dryer. Separating the processes of drying and grain separation in time is inefficient, so these processes are combined in one machine, since known drum dryers are structurally similar to a scalper. 29 When the sieve is heated with hot air, the product sticks less to the sieve due to the fact that the steam released from the product squeezes it from the hot metal surface. In addition, the hot air passing from the outside into the cylindrical sieve uses aerodynamic pressure to separate the impurities from the surface of the sieve, freeing the holes for the grain to pass through.

In the separator, the product heats up, loses surface moisture, which increases its flowability, - decreases its adhesion to the metal of the sieve and sticking together. Light impurities are moved by air - inside the cylinder and are easily removed by the east.

Combining the processes of product separation and drying in one machine is characterized by synergism of action; o drying helps separation due to an increase in the flowability of the product, and mixing of the product during the rotation of the cylindrical sieve helps the heat-moisture exchange process, i.e. heating and drying, as it happens in drum dryers. Drying takes place convectively (hot air) and conductively (hot air sieve), which increases the efficiency of the process.

Two separate machines are used for separation and heating (drying), and these processes are inefficient for wet, clogged grain. The proposed design is such that the overall efficiency of its operation is greater than the sum of the efficiencies of the separate separator and dryer, that is, the effect of synergy is realized. With 70 The separator works as follows. The mass of wet clogged product (grain) is fed into the machine through nozzle 2 to the edge of the sieve cylinder, and as a result of its rotation, the grain is sifted into the sieve container 4 on

Iz" screw unloader 5. The level sensor on the wall of the under-sieve container regulates the performance (revolutions) of the unloader so that the mass of grain reaches almost to the sieve, which creates a maximum supply of grain for filtering hot air through it.

The mass of grain in the sieve cylinder is first moved along the cylinder to the exit due to the product support, and then due to the screw blades on the inner walls of the sieve. Due to rotations of the grating

Gee! of the cylinder, the grain passes into the under-sieve container, and the impurities are taken out of the machine by paddles.

The hot air passes through the grain in the sieve container, through the sieve and the grain in the cylinder, and at the top through the sieve is discharged into the aspiration nozzle due to the operation of the fan on the casing. At the same time, the air -I 20 heats the grain, the grate cylinder, the casing, which allows the grain to be heated not only by air, but also through contact with heated metal surfaces. tm Due to the fact that the length of the screw unloader extends beyond the opening in the sieve container, a grain seal is formed, which prevents the exit of hot air through the unloader. Valve 7 at the exit of impurities from the machine prevents the exit of hot air from the machine at the end of the cylinder. 29 Therefore, hot air penetrates the grain in the container under the sieve, passes through the sieve and the grain on it, and exits through the sieve in the upper part, which allows for effective heat transfer and removal of surface moisture from the grain. After the hot grain leaves the machine, it additionally loses moisture, which allows the dryer to maintain a high temperature regime and dry the grain in one pass (one degree).

Regulation of the term of the separation and heating process takes place due to changes in the grain supply to the machine, hot air supply 60 and humid air extraction by the aspiration fan 8. Automatic regulation of operation is possible through the connection of the grain supply with the level sensor on the sub-sieve container, as well as the connection a grain feed psychrometer with a wet air psychrometer at the exit of the machine or a thermometer for grain at the exit of the machine. b5

Claims (3)

The formula of the invention 1. A separator containing a loading device, a cylindrical horizontal sieve with a drive, a sieve container, a casing with an attached screw unloader, which differs in that an air heater with a fan (heater) is attached to the casing from the outside. 2. Separator according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the screw unloader has a length greater than the opening for the output of the product in the sieve container. 3. Separator according to claim 1, which differs in that a valve is installed in the pipe for the step fraction. that 2 cha cha «c) (Se) s - with . and? ime) (o) («c) - 50 that c 60 b5