UA22067U - Silo for grain storage and transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

A silo for grain storage and transportation has a metal cylinder with horizontal base, exhaust flaps, central screw with electric drive, additional screws with electric drives.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to structures for long-term and temporary storage of grain and can be used in agricultural engineering.

There are two known ways of storing grain in bulk: filling and silage. In silos, grain is stored in a mound up to 40 m high.

A well-known grain storage module. See patent KO20O53639, AOTR25/08 publ. 1996.02.101, which describes a silo with a conical bottom and a conical lid, the silo has a valve, an aeration device, equipped with a system 70 of active ventilation of the grain mound, a grain temperature control system and a grain transportation unit, while the aeration the device is made in the form of a series of radial pipes introduced into the silo and installed evenly around the surface of its conical bottom, and the silo gate is made in the form of an external stationary cylindrical-conical sleeve fixed on the silo flange and an internal movable cylindrical sleeve centered on the cylindrical belts of the outer sleeve and turns inside it, 719 while the sleeves are inserted inside the silo and a number of side holes are made in them, which coincide or overlap when the inner sleeve rotates, and the inner sleeve has a protrusion connected through a screw to the drive.

However, such a silo has a complex design and is used only for long-term storage of grain, rapid unloading and transportation of grain is impossible due to the design features of the silo latch.

The famous metal silo | see G. Bowmans Effective processing and storage of grain, publishing house Moscow In "Agropromizdat" 1991, p. 88) with a horizontal bottom and smooth vertical inner surfaces of the walls.

The smooth vertical inner surfaces of the walls improve the transport of the product by gravity and make the silo suitable for storing bulk products. The described silos are used to store freshly harvested grain with high moisture content. In such silos, there are outlet latches for the output of grain by gravity. 22 outlet valves allow the grain to exit the silo by gravity. However, at the end of the discharge of the silo by gravity, a funnel of the discharged product is formed, and part of the product is distributed around the inner surface of the walls. Augers are also used to unload bulk products from the silo.

The system consists of an auger, which simultaneously rotates around its own axis, and the inner wall of the outlet funnel. Such an auger, which has the length of the radius of the silo, runs around the inner diameter of the silo and transports the grain to the center with outlet valves. The discharge of grain from such a silo originates in the following Ge) way. First, the grain is discharged from the silo by gravity through the outlet valves. Then the electric motor of the auger is turned on, and the auger, rotating around its own axis and around the inner surface of the walls, pushes the grain towards the outlet valves. Thus, with the help of an auger, the grain located in the funnel is removed. But even after the end of the auger's operation, a layer of grain of 6-7 cm remains, with a silo diameter of Um (at the initial capacity of the silo, about half of the grain). This grain is removed from the silo by manual cleaning. During manual cleaning, the maintenance staff is inside the silo for 4-6 hours.

The disadvantage of the given silo design is the low speed of grain unloading, since not all grain is unloaded by gravity and with the help of an auger. The grain funnel, which remains in the silo after the auger has finished working, is removed by manual cleaning, which increases the time and increases the cost of unloading Z 70 grain. The design of a metal silo with a horizontal bottom, equipped with five outlet valves and one auger was selected as a prototype.

From" The prototype and the claimed device have the following features in common:

Metal cylindrical body with a horizontal base

Auger with electric drive

Discharge latches located along the diameter of the cylinder base o The useful model is based on the task of creating such a structure of a silo for grain storage and transportation, in which grain unloading is mechanized, while the speed of grain unloading is simultaneously accelerated. o The task is solved by a silo for storing and transporting grain, which contains a metal b 20 cylinder with a horizontal base, which is equipped with outlet valves located along the diameter of the base, equipped with a central auger with an electric drive because it is additionally equipped with four t augers with electric drives, evenly spaced on both sides of the central auger, each adjacent auger being counter-rotating, equipped with sixteen metal inclined scale screens, which are placed at an angle of 302-452 with respect to the base, while the scale screens 99 are located along the auger on both sides of each outlet valve, form ventilation channels and are equipped with fans, while the number of outlet valves corresponds to the number of screws, and rail valves are located along each screw at an angle to the scale sieves.

What is new in the silo for grain storage and transportation is that it is additionally equipped with four collecting augers with electric drives, evenly located on both sides of the central auger, and 60 sixteen metal scale sieves, with an angle of inclination of 309-452, which are placed along the central auger on both sides of each latch, while each adjacent screw is made with rotation in the opposite direction, and the number of outlet latches corresponds to the number of screws, and rail latches are located along each screw, at an angle to the scale sieves.

The cause-and-effect relationship between the set of declared features and the technical result achieved in a silo for grain storage and transportation is as follows:

It is known that for active ventilation of grain, metal silos are equipped with air chutes installed in the bottom | see Zlevator and warehouse), P.N. Platonov, S.P. Punkov, V.B. Fasman, Moscow,

Agropromizdat 1987, pp. 140-177|.

It is known that for the flowability of grain, it is necessary to take into account the angle of the natural slope in the silos (see

G. Bowmans Effective processing and storage of grain, Moscow publishing house In "Agropromizdat" 1991, p. 43), which for different cultures can be:

Millet 20-27 70 Rye, wheat 23-38

Corn 30-40

Sunflower 31-45

Rice grain 21-48

The use of such a mutual arrangement of augers and metal scale sieves, in which ventilation of the stored grain is carried out, with the simultaneous use of scale sieves for full mechanical unloading of grain using a system of screws and outlet valves, is unknown. Special silos are usually used for grain ventilation. The proposed silo allows not only to ventilate the grain stored in it, but also to quickly transport the grain to other containers, for example to a cargo ship, when using mechanical cleaning of the silo. 720 As a rule, to control the grain temperature, silos are equipped with thermal suspensions. Each thermal suspension has 12 thermal sensors along the entire height of the silo. The thermal suspension is rigidly fixed in the upper part of the silo, and in the lower part of the silo it is free and is not fixed to the walls of the silo in any way. When grain is loaded into the silo, a cone of grain is formed, which pushes the thermal suspension to the metal walls of the silo. Depending on the time of year, the metal walls of the silo are cooled or heated, and the thermal suspension pressed by the grain against the metal wall of the silo shows the temperature of the metal wall of the silo, not the grain. -

The proposed silo for grain storage and transportation allows for the grain to be evenly distributed over the entire surface of the base, while all thermal suspensions are inside the grain and show the true temperature of the grain. m

The silo for storage and transportation of grain, which is claimed, is explained by the drawing, which shows:

Figure 1 shows a front view of a silo for storing and transporting grain. (Se)

Fig. 2 shows a top view of a silo for storing and transporting grain. at

Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a silo for grain storage and transportation.

The silo for grain storage and transportation consists (see Fig. 1) of a metal cylinder 1 with a horizontal base 2, equipped with outlet valves З located along the diameter of the base 2, equipped with a central auger 4 with an electric drive 5, ventilation channels b, it additionally equipped with four assembly screws 4 with electric drives 5, evenly located on both sides of the central screw 4, and sixteen metal scale sieves 7, with an angle of inclination 5 309-452, which are placed along the screw 4 on both sides of each outlet valve C (see Fig. Fig. 2), while each adjacent "40. screw 4 is made with rotation in the opposite direction, and the number of outlet latches Z corresponds to the number of screws 4, and along each screw 4, at an angle to the scale sieves 7, there are rail latches 8 (see Fig. 3), and the ventilation channels 6 are equipped with fans 9. The grain storage and transportation silo works as follows:

The grain from the silo is transported by gravity through the outlet valves 3. First, the grain is released through the Central outlet valve Z, and then the remaining symmetrically located outlet valves Z are opened,

GF and grain are unloaded through them by gravity. Then the augers 4 are turned on and the remaining grain is transported first to the central auger 4 and then to the rest of the symmetrically located augers 4. The grain (i) with the help of augers 4 moves to the outlet gates З along inclined scale sieves 7 and is unloaded from the silo. o Inclined surfaces are made of scales for ventilation of grain during its long-term storage in order to preserve it. Changing the direction of movement of grain due to the direction of movement of augers makes it possible to completely mechanize the process of cleaning grain in the silo and thereby speed up the mechanical unloading of grain from the silo. The use of the given silo design allows you to speed up grain unloading by 4-5 hours (with a silo capacity of 1000 m2) and fully mechanize the grain unloading process.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention p Silo for storage and transportation of grain, containing a metal cylinder with a horizontal base, equipped with outlet valves located along the diameter of the base, equipped with a central auger with an electric drive, which is distinguished by the fact that it is additionally equipped with four augers with bo electric drives, evenly located on both sides from the central auger, while each adjacent auger is made with rotation in the opposite direction, equipped with sixteen metal inclined scale sieves, located at an angle А 309 - 459 in relation to the base, while the scale sieves are placed along the auger on both sides of each outlet latch and form ventilation channels, which are equipped with fans, the number of exhaust valves corresponds to the number of screws, and rail valves are located along each screw b5 at an angle to the scale sieves.