UA20513U - Electron-beam unit - Google Patents

Abstract

An electron-beam unit contains vacuum melting chamber, intermediary capacity, crystallizer and electronic guns unit with systems of deviation of electron beams for heating surfaces of liquid metal in crystallizer and intermediary capacity. Distance L from systems of deviation of electron beams of electron guns to the surface of liquid metal in crystallizer is selected from the ratio of L=(0.8...0.9)H, where H û distance from systems of deviation of electron beams of electron guns to the surface of liquid metal in the intermediary capacity.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to the field of special electrometallurgy, in particular, to electron beam 2 installations for melting ingots of metals and alloys with the use of an intermediate container.

An electron-beam installation containing a vacuum melting chamber, an intermediate container, a crystallizer and a block of electron guns for heating the surface of liquid metal in a crystallizer and an intermediate container is known (see from Japan Mo 62-77427, МПК С 22 В 9/22, В 22 O 27/02, Publ. 09.04.87).

The main disadvantage of the specified electron beam installation is that in order to maintain a uniform 70° temperature field of the liquid metal in the intermediate container and crystallizer, increased energy consumption is required.

The closest technical solution, which was chosen as a prototype, is an electron beam installation containing a vacuum melting chamber, an intermediate container, a crystallizer and a block of electron guns for heating the surfaces of liquid metal in the crystallizer and an intermediate container (see Declaratory patent of Ukraine Mo 38014, IPC C21С 5/56, C22B 9/04, Published on 15.01.2001. B Jul. Mo4). 12 The disadvantage of the prototype is that the electron guns for heating the surfaces of the liquid metal in the crystallizer and the intermediate container are placed in such a way that their electron beam deflection systems are in the same plane, which causes the need to increase the power of the electron beam to heat the surface of the liquid metal in the crystallizer (this leads to increased consumption of electricity) to maintain a uniform temperature field of the liquid metal in the intermediate container and the crystallizer, since the level of the liquid metal in the crystallizer is lower than the level of the liquid metal in the intermediate container.

The basis of a useful model is the task of creating such an electron beam installation, in which, by changing the geometry of the electron beam deflection systems in relation to the surfaces of the liquid metal in the crystallizer and in the intermediate container, it is possible to ensure the uniformity of the temperature field of the liquid metal in the intermediate container and the crystallizer with the same loss power of all electron beams.

This ensures a reduction in electricity consumption when melting metals and alloys with the use of an intermediate capacity.

The task is solved by the proposed electron-beam installation containing a vacuum melting chamber, an intermediate container, a crystallizer and a block of electron guns with electron beam deflection systems for heating the surfaces of liquid metal in the crystallizer and an intermediate container in which, according to a useful model , the distance Y from the electron beam deflection systems of the electron guns to the surface of the liquid metal in the crystallizer is selected from the ratio I1-(0.8...0.93 N, where H is the distance from the electron beam deflection systems of the electron guns to the surface of the liquid metal of metal in the intermediate container

The set of features of the proposed design solution of the electron-beam installation provides minimum power consumption when smelting metals and alloys due to the placement of electronic 325 guns and, accordingly, their electron beam deflection systems at different levels, which does not require an increase in the power of the electron beam for surface heating liquid metal in the crystallizer. At the same time, a uniform temperature field of the liquid metal in the intermediate container and crystallizer is preserved, with the same power losses of all electron beams. "

The ratio 1 -(0.8...0.9) H is chosen depending on the geometric dimensions of the intermediate container and the crystallizer. 50 The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawings, where Fig. 1 shows an electron beam installation in plan C with a block of electron guns placed in the service position and in the melting position in a vacuum smelter

I" camera, in fig. 2-section B-B, in fig. 1, in Fig. 3 - section A-A in Fig. 1.

The electron beam installation includes a vacuum melting chamber 1 with an intermediate capacity 2 and a crystallizer 3 installed in it, a unit 4 with electron guns 5 placed on it, and electron guns 6 and 7 (see Fig. 3) for heating the surface 8 of liquid metal in crystallizers C and electron guns 9 and 10 for heating the surface 11 of the liquid metal in the intermediate container 2 are installed on the vacuum melting chamber 1 av | at different levels. Moreover, systems 12 of electron beam deflection 13 and 14 of electron guns 6 and 7 (see Fig. 3) and systems 15 of electron beam deflection 16 and 17 of electron guns 9 and 10 are in the ith ratio И -(0.8... 0.9) N. - 70 Electron beam installation works as follows.

Consumable blanks 18 (see Fig. 2) are loaded into the chamber 19 of horizontal feed devices using a workshop crane. The unit 4 of electron guns 5 is moved from the service position to the melting position to the vacuum melting chamber 1. A vacuum is created in the installation. After reaching the working vacuum, the workpieces 18 are moved to the area of action of electronic guns 9 and 10 29 (see Fig. 3) with the help of horizontal feed mechanisms 20. Under the action of heating, the spent blanks 18 are melted, the liquid metal flows into the intermediate container 2, and from it into the crystallizer З, where an ingot 21 is formed (see Fig. 1), which is drawn from the crystallizer З into the ingot chamber 22 using pulling mechanism 23 (see Fig. 2).

In the process of melting, electron guns 6 and 7 heat the surface 8 of the liquid metal in the crystallizer

With the electron guns 9 and 10, the surface 11 of the liquid metal in the intermediate container 2 is heated. At the same time, the power of the electron beams 13 and 14 of the electron guns b and 7 and the electron beams 16 and 17 of the electron guns 9 and 10 are kept the same (see fig. 3).

When the blanks 18 are completely melted, the resulting ingot 21 is cooled in a vacuum or in an inert atmosphere for the required time.

The installation is evacuated and discharge of ingot 21 is carried out. After cleaning and cleaning the vacuum and melting chamber 1 and maintenance of unit 4 of electron guns 5, the electron-beam installation is prepared for smelting the next ingot.

The use of the proposed design of the electron-beam installation will allow to reduce the energy costs when smelting ingots of metals and alloys with the use of an intermediate container.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention Electron-beam installation containing a vacuum melting chamber, an intermediate container, a crystallizer and a block of 70 electron guns with electron beam deflection systems for heating the surfaces of liquid metal in the crystallizer and an intermediate container, which differs in that the distance I from electron beam deflection systems of electron guns to the surface of the liquid metal in the crystallizer is selected from the ratio ЯЙ-(0.8...0.93Н), where Н is the distance from the electron beam deflection systems of the electron guns to the surface of the liquid metal in the intermediate container. what with (ze) "- IF) "c) c - i" name) ("c) 1 - 70 syu" 60 b5