UA16927U - Training system for helicopter crews - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed training system for helicopter crews contains a flight compartment with pilot workplaces, instruments, and controls that correspond to the equipment in the flight compartment of a real helicopter, interface facilities, a sound noise simulators, and video cameras. The equipment of the workplace of a flight instructor contains a control unit, a monitoring unit, a unit for simulating radio communication, and a digital computing unit. The control unit contains a video monitor with a touch screen that is designed to input and remove the training parameters. The monitoring unit contains a video monitor for simulating and reproducing the situation outside the flight compartment and a video monitor for observing the actions of the crew and displaying the indications of the instruments and the positions of the controls in the flight compartment.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to educational models or simulators for training in the management of air 2 vehicles, in particular, helicopters, and can be used for professional training of flight and engineering personnel in ground conditions through the consistent formation of practical knowledge, skills and abilities in piloting and operation of on-board systems and equipment of the helicopter both during their normal functioning and when failures occur.

Important conditions for the functioning of aviation training and training complexes, in particular, helicopter ones, which must be taken into account during their development and further use in training processes, are, firstly, the compliance of their functional and didactic qualities with the tasks of training processes, taking into account the sequence of conducting training, including objective control and evaluation of the actions of the flight and engineering staff at each stage of training, secondly, ensuring a high degree of identity of models of devices, equipment and functional systems of simulators to a real aircraft, and, thirdly, 12 implementation in their technical and software-modeling systems of behavioral models and operations, in which the actions of the flight crew in the process of training on simulators correspond to natural predictive and optimization models of actions in real conditions of aircraft operation.

The helicopter training complex is designed to solve a wide range of problems related to the practical consolidation of knowledge obtained at the previous theoretical stages of training, the consistent formation of flight and engineering personnel skills and abilities in the operation of on-board systems and equipment of the helicopter as in normal operation. functioning, as well as in the event of failures, and at the final stage of training on simulators - skills and abilities to pilot a helicopter. In this regard, the greatest effectiveness of training at the specified complexes is achieved with the following sequence of educational and training classes: study of the device of helicopter units and mechanisms on their full-scale models, study of the device and rules of operation of individual functional systems, successive practice of skills in the operation of each of the functional systems, including when failures occur in them, studying the instrument equipment and the interior of the helicopter cabin, forming a conceptual model of activity and developing skills in managing its functional systems, using a complex of on-board equipment during flight preparation, during flight tasks and during landing , provided by the operating manual and the content of the exercises of the corresponding training course. with

A well-known unified multifunctional simulator | see patent KO 2087037, 50989/08), which includes the instructor's workplace, trainees' workplaces, a computer system that contains software modules for the implementation of training scenarios, a screen for collective use, databases of training scenarios, Ge) databases of training results and an input device flight information that has the appropriate connections between them. At the same time, the instructor’s workplace contains a display module that includes a screen and a display keyboard, (7 and a module for conducting paired training, and the workplaces of trainees include a display module and a training module. The module for conducting paired training at the instructor’s workplace and the training module for trainees contain control of aircraft systems of continuous and discrete action, switches, analog-to-digital converters and modules for inputting discrete signals. With 50 The disadvantage of the well-known simulator for complex training of flight and engineering personnel is the lack of training tools in its composition that ensure the consistent formation of practical skills and abilities" in the operation of on-board systems and equipment, as well as in piloting an aircraft, which does not allow the use of this simulator at all stages of the educational and training process. In addition, the simulator does not ensure the identity of the models of devices, equipment and functional systems of the simulators the real aircraft, in particular, lacks means for simulating sound, visual and acceleration support - training exercises, which reduces the didactic qualities of the simulator.

Ge") The famous helicopter simulator | see patent KO 2230371, 50989/46), which includes a cockpit with pilot workplaces, equipped with a set of instruments, equipment and controls, the appearance and location of which correspond to their appearance and location in the cockpit of a real helicopter, a system of adapters, and about 20 acoustic emitters noise and video cameras, the instructor's workplace, which includes a control unit, a control unit and a radio communication simulation unit, a digital computer complex, which is made with the possibility of tm modeling regular and non-regular modes of operation and contains an interconnected unit for simulating flight conditions and modes work, a control and control unit and an acoustic noise simulation unit, a cabin visual environment modeling unit and a cabin visual environment reproduction unit. The control and 25 control unit through the specified system of adapters is interconnected with a set of instruments, equipment and control bodies of the cabin and is interconnected with the control unit, control unit and radio communication simulation unit of the instructor's workplace. The control unit of the instructor's workplace is connected to the video cameras of the cabin. The cabin visual environment modeling unit is connected to the control and control unit and the cabin visual environment reproduction unit. The software of the simulation block of flight conditions and operating modes 60 allows you to simulate aerodynamics, navigation parameters, the operation of the power plant, units and systems of the helicopter. The unit for reproducing the cabin visual environment is made in the form of a diorama screen and a group of projectors located in front of the cabin. The acoustic noise simulation block is connected to the acoustic noise emitters. The control unit of the instructor's workplace is made in the form of a control panel. In addition, the simulator can additionally contain a unit for simulating acceleration effects, which includes a platform for installing the cockpit, equipped with a control unit connected to the control and control unit.

This simulator allows you to simulate the operation of the helicopter's equipment in regular, non-regular and emergency situations, to simulate with the help of projectors on the diorama screen the visual environment during the flight, including changes in weather conditions, time of day, season, as well as to control the actions of the crew.

The disadvantage of this simulator during the comprehensive training of flight and engineering personnel, as well as the analog simulator, is the lack of educational and training tools in its composition that ensure the consistent formation of skills and abilities in the operation of on-board systems and aircraft equipment, which does not allow the use of this simulator at all stages of the educational and training process. In addition, the simulator does not fully meet the modern requirements for the quality of training of flight and engineering-technical staff 70 as a result of: - the absence in the digital computing complex of means for memorizing, reproducing and archiving objective information about the progress of training exercises by the crew, including including information on indicators of devices, equipment and control bodies and on acoustic and speech accompaniment of exercises; - absence at the instructor's workplace of control means for displaying indicators of instruments, /5 equipment and control bodies located in the cockpit, control of reproduction of the cockpit visual environment observed by the crew from the cockpit, and control of the helicopter's position in space; - lack of means at the instructor's workplace for operative intervention in the course of educational and training exercises to stop, clarify or change their conditions and further continuation; - lack of means at the instructor's workplace to reproduce information about the order and sequence of actions of the crew during training exercises.

The basis of the useful model is the task of creating such a training and training complex of a helicopter, in which, due to the introduction into its composition of an interactive computer software complex, a specialized simulator of functional systems of the helicopter and a specialized simulator of cabin procedures, other constructive implementation of the blocks of the complex simulator and other interrelationships It provides a combination in its design of a set of interconnected educational and training tools necessary for the consistent formation of skills and abilities in the flight and engineering and technical staff in the operation of on-board systems and equipment, as well as helicopter piloting and, as a result, increasing the efficiency and quality of the educational and training process as a whole, reducing the duration of training with greater objectivity in its conduct. M zo The task is solved by the fact that in the helicopter training complex, which contains a cockpit with pilot workplaces located on the base, equipped with a set of instruments, equipment and control bodies, the appearance and location of which correspond to their appearance and location in the cockpit ! of a real helicopter, a system of adapters, acoustic noise emitters and video cameras, an instructor's workplace, which includes a control unit, a control unit and a radio communication simulation unit, a digital computer ISE)

Зз5 The complex, which is made with the possibility of modeling regular and non-regular modes of operation and contains "- an interconnected unit for modeling flight conditions and operating modes, a control and control unit and a unit for simulating acoustic noises, a unit for modeling the cockpit visual environment and a unit for reproducing cockpit visuals environment, while the control and control unit of the digital computer complex is interconnected with the control unit of the instructor's workplace, the control unit of the instructor's workplace is connected to the cabin video cameras, the cabin visual environment simulation unit is connected to the control and control unit the unit for reproducing the cockpit visual environment, the acoustic noise simulation unit is connected to the acoustic noise emitters, and the indicated relationship of the digital computing ;" of a complex with a cabin, an instructor's workplace, a unit for modeling the cockpit visual environment and a unit for reproducing the cockpit visual environment creates a complex simulator, according to the useful model it additionally contains a specialized simulator of functional systems, an interactive computer software complex and a second digital computing complex, made with the possibility simulation of standard and non-standard operating modes and which includes a unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes, a control unit and

Me, control, acoustic noise simulation unit, server, multi-port network hub, peripheral switch and video and sound information processing and archiving unit, the first digital computing complex additionally contains a server, multi-port network hub, peripheral switch and video and audio processing and archiving unit sound information, the cabin visual environment modeling block is placed in the first

And the digital computer complex, the control unit of the instructor's workplace is made in the form of a monitor with a touch screen for entering and removing failures, complex and emergency situations, an active monitor for displaying a map of the flight area with the possibility of entering and documenting the route and device

Introduction, the control unit of the instructor's workplace is made in the form of a video monitor for video surveillance of the actions of the crew, an active video monitor for displaying the indicators of instruments, equipment and controls from the cockpit, a visualization monitor for displaying the cockpit visual environment and a monitor for displaying the position of the helicopter in space, while the video monitor for video surveillance of the actions of the crew, it is connected to the cabin video cameras using a unit for processing and archiving video and audio information in the corresponding digital computer complex, an active video monitor for displaying the indicators of devices, equipment and control bodies is connected to the peripheral switch of the corresponding digital computer complex, monitor visualizations for displaying the cockpit visual environment and a monitor for displaying the position of the helicopter in space are connected to the cockpit visual environment simulation unit, the radio communication simulation unit is connected to workplaces and pilots and with a unit for processing and archiving 65 video and sound information of the corresponding digital computer complex, a server, a control and control unit, a unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes, a unit for simulating acoustic noises and a unit for modeling the cockpit visual environment of each of the digital computer complexes connected to the unit for processing and archiving video and audio information and are interconnected through a multi-port network hub and a peripheral switch, through which they are connected to the input device of the instructor's workplace, the unit

Simulation of flight conditions and operating modes of each of the digital computer systems is interconnected through a system of adapters with a set of instruments, equipment and cabin controls, and the indicated relationship of the second digital computer system with the cabin, a monitor with a touch screen for entering and removing failures, complex and emergency situations and the input device of the control unit, a video monitor for video surveillance of the crew's actions, an active video monitor for displaying instrument indicators, / about the equipment and controls of the cabin of the control unit and a radio communication simulation unit of the instructor's workplace forms a specialized simulator of cabin procedures, while a specialized the simulator of functional systems contains a complex of simulators of the power plant and/or auxiliary power plant, and/or the oil system, and/or the fuel system, and/or the electrical system and/or the hydraulic system, and/or the anti-icing system, and/or the dust protection device, and/ or heating systems and ventilation, and/or fire fighting system, mabo air system, and/or helicopter control system, and/or lighting and light signaling system, and/or radio communication equipment, and/or onboard control and flight data recording system, and /or aerobatics and navigation equipment, and the interactive computer software complex contains workplaces of students with personal computers, connected to each other by means of a server and made with the possibility of conducting classes in an interactive mode to study the device of individual units and mechanisms, principles operation of functional systems and rules for helicopter operation in standard and non-standard modes.

To improve the quality of management of the educational and training process and further analysis of the actions of the trainees, the control unit of the instructor's workplace additionally contains a video monitor for displaying the order and sequence of actions of the crew during training exercises and an active monitor with a touch screen, which are interconnected and connected in series with control and control units of the corresponding digital computing complexes.

The cockpit visual environment simulation block is made in the form of a group of model computers, a group of graphic accelerators and geometry correction devices connected in series. t

In order to ensure the identity of the visual display of the visual environment inside the cockpit during training exercises with a real helicopter and, accordingly, to increase the didactic qualities of the educational and training complex, the unit for reproducing the visual environment inside the cockpit is made in the form of a M zo spherical screen located in front of the cabin and a group of projectors, each of which connected to the corresponding device for correcting the geometry of the cockpit visual environment simulation unit, and installed with the ability to display the cockpit visual environment on a spherical screen. Gee!

To ensure the identity of the acceleration sensations, the complex simulator can additionally contain a block of simulation of acceleration effects, which includes a platform for installing the cockpit and a control block connected to it, connected by means of a multi-port network hub to a block for simulating the conditions of flight and modes operation and control and control unit of the simulator of the first digital computer complex.

To improve the quality of training, a specialized simulator of functional systems can additionally contain educational demonstration stands on which tablets and photos illustrating the device of the helicopter and its individual units, mechanisms and parts and/or stands of full-scale units and/or mechanisms are placed. To increase the objectivity of the assessment of acquired knowledge and skills, a complex simulator and a specialized simulator of cabin procedures are made with the possibility of objective control of performance results;" educational and training tasks.

To increase the objectivity of the assessment of acquired knowledge, a specialized simulator of functional systems and an interactive computer software complex are made with the possibility of monitoring the acquired knowledge, including in the self-assessment mode.

An interactive computer program complex can include an instructor's workplace with a computer

Me, software for educational exercises and knowledge control and with a screen for displaying information during classes.

The set of essential features of the claimed useful model allows the implementation of the following interconnected automated training systems as part of the helicopter training complex:

And an interactive computer program complex, a specialized simulator of functional systems, a specialized simulator of cabin procedures and a complex simulator, as a result of which the consistent formation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills and abilities in the operation of on-board systems and helicopter equipment is ensured for the flight and engineering staff, and the combination is optimized functional capabilities of the educational and training complex with the corresponding tasks of the educational and training process. As a result, the effectiveness and quality of training of flight and engineering personnel increases while simultaneously reducing the cost of conducting the training process and rational use of the simulator resource.

The interactive computer program complex provides the study in ground conditions of the device or individual units and mechanisms, the principles of operation of functional systems and the rules of operation of the helicopter in regular and non-regular modes.

A specialized simulator of functional systems provides the study of the operation of specific functional systems of the helicopter in ground conditions and the practice of skills in their operation both during normal functioning of the systems and when failures occur in them. 65 The specialized simulator of cabin procedures ensures the study in ground conditions on board of instruments, equipment and control bodies and the interior of the helicopter cabin, the formation of a conceptual model of activity and the development of skills in the operation of systems and equipment both during their normal operation and in cases of failures.

The complex simulator provides mastering and practice in ground conditions of actions in the volume of everything

A complex of functional duties related to flight preparation, flight tasks and landing with the use of on-board instruments, equipment and controls both during their normal operation and in cases of failures.

The presence in the specialized simulator of the functional systems of the complex of simulators and/or the auxiliary power plant, and/or the oil system, and/or the fuel system, and/or the electrical system, and/or the hydraulic system, and/or the anti-icing system, and/or the dust protection device , and/or the heating and ventilation system, and/or the fire-fighting system, and/or the air system, and/or the helicopter control system, or the lighting and light signaling system, and/or the radio communication equipment, and/or the on-board control system and registration of flight data, and/or pilotage and navigation equipment, as well as educational demonstration stands, on which tablets and photos are placed, illustrating the device of the helicopter and its /5 separate units, mechanisms and parts, and/or stands of full-scale units and/or mechanisms increases the didactic qualities of the educational and training complex and ensures the consistent formation of skills and abilities in the operation of specific on-board systems and helicopter equipment.

Achieving the specified technical result is facilitated by the introduction into the interactive computer complex of workplaces with personal computers connected to each other with the help of a 2o-berver and made with the possibility of conducting practical classes in an interactive mode to study the device of individual units and mechanisms, and as well as the principles of operation of the functional systems of the helicopter and the rules of operation of the helicopter in regular and non-regular modes of operation, as well as the availability of an instructor's workplace with a screen for displaying information during classes.

Equipment of a complex simulator with a unit for simulating acceleration effects, which includes a platform for installing the cockpit and a control unit connected to it, connected by means of a multi-port network hub to a unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes and a control and control unit, a simulator of the first digital of the computing complex, ensures the identity of the acceleration sensations of the crew when performing educational and training exercises on the simulator with a real helicopter and, accordingly, increases the didactic qualities of the simulator. Мзо Implementation of the cabin visual environment modeling unit in the form of a group of model computers, a group of graphic accelerators and geometry correction devices connected in series, and the cabin visual environment reproduction unit in the form of a spherical screen located in front of the cabin and Gee! a group of projectors connected to the unit for modeling the cockpit visual environment and installed with the possibility of displaying it on a spherical screen ensures the identity of the visual display of the cockpit environment when performing educational and training exercises on a simulator with a real helicopter and, accordingly, "pr increases the didactic quality of the simulator.

Execution of the control unit of the instructor's workplace in the form of a video monitor to display the order and sequence of actions of the crew during training exercises and an active monitor with a touch screen, which are interconnected and serially connected to the first or second digital computing complex using the "Appropriate peripheral switch, improves the quality of management of the educational and training process and from the subsequent analysis of the actions of the trainees.

Execution of a complex simulator and a specialized simulator of cabin procedures with the possibility;" objective control of the results of training tasks, and specialized simulators of functional systems and an interactive computer software complex with the possibility of evaluating the results of the performance of training tasks, including in the self-assessment mode, allows to automate the process of evaluating the actions of the crew, conducting - objective analysis of the level of individual and collective training, timely identify and eliminate gaps in knowledge and skills, which reduces the duration of educational and training training while simultaneously increasing

Me. its qualities.

Ge) The essence of the useful model is explained by the presented figures of the drawing on the example of the MI-8MTV helicopter: o in Fig. 1 - a block diagram of a complex helicopter simulator; "M in Fig. 2 - a block diagram of a specialized simulator of helicopter cabin procedures; in Fig. 3 - a block diagram of a specialized simulator of helicopter functional systems; in Fig. 4 - a block diagram of an interactive software computer complex. The helicopter contains 1 complex helicopter simulator, a specialized simulator of helicopter cabin procedures, a specialized simulator of functional helicopter systems and an interactive software computer complex located on the base.

The complex helicopter simulator (Fig. 1) includes a helicopter cabin 2 located on the base 1, an instructor's workplace 3 interconnected with cabin 2, a digital computer complex 4 interconnected with cabin 2 and with the instructor's workplace C, a reproduction unit of the cockpit of the visual environment 5 and the block of imitation of acceleration effects 6, interconnected with the digital computing complex 4, respectively.

The helicopter cockpit 2 has a full-scale interior of a real helicopter cockpit and contains pilot workplaces 7, a set of instruments, equipment and controls 8, the appearance and location of which correspond to their appearance and location in the cockpit of a real helicopter, as well as a system of adapters 65 9, emitters of acoustic noises 10 and video cameras 11. A set of devices, equipment and control bodies 8 is made with structural changes to convert mechanical and electrical signals into digital format.

The control bodies are equipped with regular spring loading mechanisms with an electromagnetic brake, which provide real forces arising in the process of controlling the helicopter. Acoustic noise emitters 10 are located taking into account the direction of sound propagation in the cabin of a real helicopter without disturbing the interior of the cabin. Structurally, the layout of the cabin is assembled and disassembled with the possibility of replacing individual blocks, aggregates and nodes, while providing convenient access to aggregates and nodes during their operation and maintenance.

The workplace of the instructor Z is intended for setting up, managing and controlling the operation of the complex simulator and the implementation of the educational and training process. The workplace of the instructor C contains a control unit, a 7/0 Control unit and a radio communication simulation unit 12.

The control unit is made in the form of a monitor 13 with a touch screen for entering and removing failures, complex and emergency situations, an active monitor 14 for displaying a map of the flight area with the possibility of entering and documenting the route, a video monitor 15 for displaying the order and sequence of actions of the crew during training exercises and active monitor 16 with a touch screen.

The control unit is made in the form of a video monitor 17, for example, with a quadrature, for video surveillance of the actions of the crew with the possibility of recording and its subsequent playback, an active video monitor 18 for displaying indicators of instruments, equipment and control bodies of the cabin 8 with the possibility of displaying each specific panel, monitor on the screen 19 visualization, which displays the cockpit visual environment observed from the workplaces of the pilots 7 of the helicopter cabin 2, and the monitor 20, which displays the position of the helicopter in space.

The control unit of the instructor's workplace also includes an input device 21, made, for example, in the form of a keyboard and mouse.

The radio communication simulation unit 12 contains an audio system with speakers and a microphone, which is connected to the pilot's workplaces 7 using a standard on-board system through standard headsets. Video cameras 11 are connected to a video monitor 17 using a digital computer complex 4. At the instructor's workplace From d there are tools for checking the functionality of the hardware part of the simulator, as well as software for controlling the objective control system (not shown). t

The digital computing complex 4 contains a server 22, a control and control unit 23, a simulation unit for flight conditions and operating modes 24, a simulation unit for acoustic noises 25, a simulation unit for the cockpit visual environment 26, a multi-port network hub 27, a peripheral switch 28 and a processing and archiving unit Mk . of video and sound information 29. Server 22, control and control unit 23, simulation unit of flight conditions and operating modes 24, acoustic noise simulation unit 25 and cabin visual environment simulation unit 26 are connected to each other through a multi-port network hub 27 and interconnection associated with the input device 21 and Ge! by the active video monitor 18 of the instructor Z's workplace using the peripheral switch 28.

The server 22 performs the functional role of a task manager, which includes: information ise) z5 Provision of the workplace of the instructor Z, display of the position of the dashboards on the active "- video monitor 18, sound support and communication support.

The control and control unit 23 is made in the form of a computer with the appropriate programs and provides the instructor with all the necessary means to control and manage educational and training exercises, as well as the functioning of the objective control system, including registration, memorization and reproduction, in the volume " including sound, noise effects and voice messages, information on the performance of exercises by each member of the She) crew with a display of shortcomings and preparation of recommendations for their elimination. At the same time, the accumulation of statistical data for each crew member on all the results of educational and training exercises, generalization;" of this material and determining the integral assessment with an indication of possible shortcomings in the preparation. The control and control unit of the simulator 23 is connected to the monitors 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the control unit of the instructor's workplace 3. - The unit for simulating flight conditions and work modes 24 is made in the form of a model computer.

The model computer performs software implementation of mathematical models of the operation of systems, devices and

Me, the equipment on the simulator, which provide in real time an adequate simulation of the work of the power and on-board systems, as well as the environment, depending on the parameters of the training exercise set by the instructor. The block for simulating flight conditions and operating modes 24 through a system of adapters 9 is interconnected with a set of instruments, equipment and controls 8. "M Block for modeling the cockpit visual environment 26 is made in the form of interconnected computers-simulators of the visual environment 30 and serially connected graphic accelerators 31 and geometry correction devices 32. Graphic accelerators in the implementation of software-computer synthesis provide the following characteristics: resolution for each channel - at least 1024X768 (HOA), chrominance - 1 billion colors, change frequency frames - not less than bO frames per second Computers-simulators of the visual environment 30 are interconnected with the server 22, the command and control unit 23, the simulation unit of flight conditions and work modes 24, the acoustic noise simulation unit 25, the multi-port network hub 27 , a peripheral switch 28 and a unit for processing and archiving video and audio information 29. Two computers-simulators of visual of the ZO environment through the corresponding graphic accelerators 31 are connected to the monitors 19 and 20 of the instructor's workplace 3.

The acoustic noise simulation unit 25 is made on the basis of a standard sound card, an amplifier, a computer-simulator of sound effects and an acoustic system and is connected to the acoustic noise emitters 10 in the helicopter cabin 2. The acoustic noise simulation unit 25 simulates and reproduces in the cockpit layout the acoustic field, 65 Corresponds to different modes of flight and operation of simulated systems, and speech messages from a speech informant for each crew member through the appropriate simulator. In the process of performing educational and training exercises, there is an opportunity to record and reproduce the sounds and noise effects that accompanied the exercises.

The unit for processing and archiving video and audio information 29 is interconnected with the server 22, the control and control unit 23, the unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes 24, the unit for simulating acoustic noises 25, the multi-port network concentrator 27 and the peripheral switch 28, as well as connected to video cameras 11 in the helicopter cabin 2, video monitor 17 and interconnected with the radio communication simulation unit 12 of the instructor's workplace 3.

The unit for reproducing the cockpit visual environment 5 includes a group of projectors 33 connected in one chain and a spherical screen 34 located above the helicopter cabin 2. Each geometry correction device 32 blocks 7/0 Simulation of the cockpit visual environment 26 is connected to the corresponding projector 33. The spherical screen 34 is made with the possibility of reproducing the image of the cockpit visual environment in the viewing range for each pilot of at least 1800 horizontally, 700 vertically and viewing the lower side hemisphere from both pilot workplaces 7.

The block for simulating acceleration effects b includes a platform 35 for installing the helicopter cabin and /5 a control unit Zb interconnected with it, which, in turn, is interconnected with a multi-port network hub 27.

The software of the digital computing complex 4 provides for the accumulation and registration of statistical data on the state parameters of the control elements of the simulator, which are carried out by the method of collecting information in real time according to the CAM protocol and saving it on a hard drive for further analysis using a specialized graphic analysis program.

The software and hardware part of the digital computing complex 4 is built on the use of the mentioned personal computers connected to a standard local network. Dynamic communication between personal computers is implemented on the basis of standard network tools in the environment, for example.

M/ipdomuv XP or I ipuh, with the speed of information transfer necessary for the real-time mode and allows you to expand the functionality of the simulator software without restrictions. To connect several simulators, including remote ones, a connection based on the protocol is used,

TOSRLR.

The connection of the control bodies, control and instrument equipment of the cabin with the digital computing complex 4 is provided by a system of adapters 9, made, for example, in the form of multi-bit digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, discrete input/output channels and bus controllers

HIMSELF. with

The network equipment ensures the construction of the ETNEKMET local network, which includes computers from Ge! separate tasks. The network equipment includes a multi-channel network splitter that manages information flows, and network cables that connect computers with a network splitter through network adapters. "-

The block diagram presented in Fig. 1 is implemented in the complex simulator of the MI-ZMTV helicopter.

The simulator provides real-time simulation of the following functional systems and equipment of the helicopter: - power plant, for example, two TV3-117 VM engines; « - auxiliary power plant, for example, AI-9B; c - oil system; - fuel system; ;" - electrical systems; - hydraulic systems; - anti-icing system; - - dust protection device; - heating and ventilation systems with a kerosene heater, for example, KO-50;

Me. - fire protection system;

Ge) - air system; - helicopter control systems, including, for example, SPUU-52 and AP-34B autopilot; where - lighting and light signaling systems; "M - radio communication equipment; - on-board flight data control and registration system; - pilotage and navigation equipment, including, for example, ARC-9, DISO-15, ГМК-1А. 5B The complex helicopter simulator provides the opportunity for crew members to practice both individual operations and the entire complex of tasks provided for by the helicopter flight operation manual, including: c - inspection and inspection of the helicopter cabin equipment before the flight and its preparation for flight; - preparation for launch, start-up and testing of engines, inspection operational efficiency of helicopter systems and on-board equipment according to the control check chart; introduction and verification of aeronautical information, taxiing, acceleration and braking with U-turns on 3609 with visual orientation; - take-off, landing on "helicopter" and "airplane"; - altitude gain, hovering, descent, including descent in autorotation mode with visual orientation; - piloting and flying along a route using aeronautics technical equipment and with visual 65 orientation; - working out the actions of the crew in the event of malfunctions, emergencies and difficult situations.

Modeling of external conditions is carried out within the following limits: air pressure and temperature in the altitude range from -100 to bO00Ω relative to sea level, air pressure at sea level in the range from 0.080 to 0.107 MPa, external air temperature from -500 to 502, wind effects - in the range of the horizontal component of the wind speed

From O to ZOm/s, wind directions from 02 to 360".

Blocks of modeling 26 and reproduction 5 of the cockpit visual environment of the complex simulator provide simulation and reproduction of the following visual conditions: changing visibility conditions on the runway in the range from 0 to 1000О0m, a scene with a set of a typical airfield, including stern tracks, landing pads, runway - landing strips, objects of lighting and agrodrome equipment, ground 70 radio navigation devices. The textured earth surface and prominent landscape objects are reproduced with a realistic representation of terrain and objects in the flight area, including moving objects. Representation of changing visibility and lighting conditions is carried out taking into account geographical latitude, time of day and weather conditions, as well as possible local changes in visibility, for example, in the form of smoke, fog, cloudiness. In addition, the visual environment simulation system provides adequate perception of flight speed and altitude, as well as distance estimation.

At the workplace of the instructor Z, the following functions are ensured for the management and control of the educational and training process: - turning on, turning off and preparing the simulator for work; - adjustment and control of parameters of both individual systems and the simulator as a whole; - creating a new exercise; - choosing a created exercise from the library of ready-made exercises; - introducing the mode of operation of the functional systems of the simulator, which provides for their optimal combination with the corresponding tasks of the educational and training process (disconnecting the functional systems and blocks of the simulator that do not participate in the performance of the created exercise, connecting part or all of the functional systems and blocks); - input into the selected exercise of the environmental parameters at the take-off and landing airfields (time and date of departure, route, temperature and pressure at the airfield, wind direction and speed); - input into the selected exercise of operational characteristics of the helicopter (take-off mass, fuel mass, position of the center of gravity); h- - formation of the failure scenario of systems, devices, equipment and their introduction into the selected exercise; - introduction and removal of malfunctions and failures during the exercise; сч - change in the parameters of the surrounding environment (weather conditions) during the exercise, including the introduction of Ge»! dangerous weather conditions; - the introduction of an operational pause in the process of performing exercises with their subsequent continuation for operational and 3-5 analysis of the crew's actions and showing the correct actions; -- - control of the visual environment; - exercising control over the exercise performance process (position of switches, handles, etc., indications of aerobatic and navigational means and devices for monitoring the operation of engines); "- performing visual and audio control over the work of the crew; - conducting training from the workplace of one of the crew members; - c - conducting audio, video and parametric recording of crew actions during exercises; c - conducting a full analysis and analysis of the results of the exercises based on the registered data of audio, video "" and parametric information, including with each crew member; - conducting a partial analysis and analysis of the results of the exercises based on the registered data with analysis and practice of the actions of the crew members in - - archiving the results of exercises with subsequent storage of information in the database and logging on the printer;

F - display of the content, order and sequence of the crew's actions during training exercises for preliminary familiarization, training, self-control and analysis of the exercises.

In the process of educational and training exercises, on the active video monitor 18 of the control unit of the workplace of the instructor Z, the following indicators of the set of instruments, equipment and organs "And control 8 in the cockpit of the helicopter 2 are duplicated: barometric speed and true flight height, air speed, ground speed, angle roll, pitch angle, vertical speed, current magnetic course, slip, parameters of power plant operation and parameters of helicopter systems.

Monitor 19 displays the cockpit visual situation observed from the workplaces of pilots 7 in helicopter 2, video monitor 17 shows the actions of the crew, and monitor 20 shows the position of the helicopter in space. c With the help of the input device 21 from the monitor 16 of the control unit, the instructor enters the mode of creating exercises, by means of which typical exercises are selected from the library of ready-made exercises provided by the training program, which is displayed on the video monitor 15, or original exercises are created. Using the input device 21 from the monitor 13, the mode of failures, complex and emergency situations provided for by the Helicopter Flight Operation Manual is entered, for example, such dangerous weather conditions as icing, dust storm, snow whirlwind. The monitor 14 displays the location of the helicopter on a map of the flight area in real time. Information about the movement of the helicopter is stored for later playback during post-flight debriefing. In addition, for post-flight analysis and analysis, the video and audio information processing and archiving unit 29 records flight parameters, language information, and crew video surveillance.

The complex helicopter simulator with the specified functional characteristics allows you to carry out the following educational and training programs for the training of flight and engineering and technical personnel operating helicopters: - primary flight training; - retraining for another type of helicopter; - seasonal training; - renewal of qualifications after a break; - renewal of the flight certificate; - Certification training. 70 The specialized simulator of helicopter cabin procedures (Fig. 2) includes the helicopter cabin 2 placed on the base 1, the workplace of the instructor Z interconnected with it, the digital computing complex 37 interconnected with the helicopter cabin 2 and the workplace of the instructor Z.

The workplace of the instructor C contains a control unit, which includes a monitor 13 with a touch screen for entering and removing failures, complex and emergency situations, a video monitor 15 for displaying the order and/5 sequence of actions of the crew during training exercises and an active monitor 16 with a touch screen, a unit control, equipped with a video monitor 17, for example, with a quadrature, for video surveillance of the actions of the crew with the possibility of recording and its subsequent playback, an active video monitor 18 for displaying the evidence of simulators of the instrument equipment and the current state of the instruments, equipment and controls of the cabin with the possibility of displaying a specific panel on the screen , and a radio communication simulation unit 12, which contains an audio system with speakers and a microphone, which is connected to the workplaces of the pilots 7 by means of a standard on-board system through standard headsets. At the workplace of the instructor Z there are means of checking the functionality of the hardware part of the simulator, and also software management of the objective control system. The control unit of the instructor's workplace also includes an input device 21, made, for example, in the form of a keyboard and mouse.

The digital computing complex 37 includes a server 38, a control and control unit 39, a unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes 40, a unit for simulating acoustic noises 41, a multi-port network hub 42, a peripheral switch 43 and a unit for processing and archiving video and audio information 44. Server 38, the control and control unit 39, the simulation unit of flight conditions and operating modes 40 and the acoustic noise simulation unit 41 are interconnected through a multi-port network hub 42 and are interconnected with the input device 21 and the active video monitor 18 of the instructor's workplace using a peripheral switch 43. p

Server 38 performs the functional role of a task manager, which includes: information Ge! provision of the instructor's workplace 3, displaying the state of the dashboards on the active video monitor 18, sound support and communication support. ise)

The control and control unit of the simulator 39 is made in the form of a computer with the appropriate programs and "- provides the instructor with all the necessary means for control and management of educational and training exercises, as well as the functioning of the objective control system, including registration, memorization and reproduction, including sound, noise effects and voice messages, information on the performance of exercises by each crew member with a display of shortcomings and preparation of recommendations for their elimination. At the same time, the accumulation of statistical data for each crew member on all the results of training exercises, the summarization of this material and the determination of an integral assessment with the indication of possible shortcomings in training are ensured. The simulator control and control unit 39 is connected to the monitors 13, 15, 16, ;" 17 and 18 of the control unit of the instructor's workplace 3.

The unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes 40 is made in the form of a model computer.

The model computer performs software implementation of mathematical models of the operation of systems, devices and equipment on the simulator, which provide in real time an adequate simulation of the operation of the power and on-board systems, as well as the environment, depending on the parameters set by the instructor

Me, educational and training exercise. Block for modeling flight conditions and operating modes 40 through a system of adapters 9

Ge) interconnected with a set of devices, equipment and control bodies 8.

The acoustic noise simulation unit 41 is made on the basis of a standard sound card, an amplifier, a computer-simulator of sound effects and an acoustic system and is connected to the 10 "M acoustic noise emitters in the helicopter cabin 2. The acoustic noise simulation unit 41 simulates and reproduces in the cockpit mock-up has an acoustic field corresponding to different flight modes and operation of the simulated systems, and voice messages from the voice informant for each crew member through the corresponding simulator. During the training exercises, there is an opportunity to record and reproduce the sounds and noise effects that accompanied the exercises .

The unit for processing and archiving video and audio information 44 through a multi-port network hub 42 s is interconnected with the server 38, the control and control unit 39, the unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes 40, the unit for simulating acoustic noises 41, and is also connected to video cameras 11 in the cockpit of the helicopter 2, by the video monitor 17 and interconnected with the radio communication simulation unit 12 of the instructor's workplace 3. 60 Software and hardware of the digital computing complex 37 simulate the operation of the same functional systems and equipment in the helicopter cockpit 2 as on the complex simulators

A specialized simulator of cabin procedures provides an opportunity for crew members to practice operations for managing the helicopter's functional systems, provided for in the flight operation manual, in addition to operations related to take-off, landing and piloting. 65 At the workplace of instructor Z, the functions of management and control of the educational and training process, similar to those performed on a complex helicopter simulator, are performed.

The specialized simulator of the functional systems of the helicopter (Fig. 3) includes a block of demonstration mechanisms 45 placed on the base 1, a visualization block 46, an acoustic noise simulation block 47, a matching block 48, a processor module 49, a functional system control panel 50, a simulator control panel 51 , educational demonstration stands 52.

The block of demonstration mechanisms 45 is intended for studying the design of a certain functional system and contains active 53 and passive 54 elements placed on the stand, made, for example, in the form of regular units and/or mechanisms and/or parts and/or their sections. Depending on the possibilities of practical implementation of the simulator and the needs of the educational and training process, passive 50 elements can be made in the form of layouts 70 and/or photo tablets and/or schematic graphic models.

Visualization block 46 is intended for studying the device of the functional system and the connections between its elements and is made in the form of the elements of the functional system placed on the stand and the diagram of the relationships between them during normal operation of the system and when failures occur. The elements of the functional system can be represented, for example, in the form of photo plates and/or graphic models of standard /5 aggregates, mechanisms, parts and/or their sections. Depending on the purpose of the functional system, the interconnection scheme can be made electrical and/or pipelined.

To increase visibility, the diagram of interconnections or its individual parts contains active sections, made with the possibility of visual demonstration of working interconnections between elements, their direction, qualitative and quantitative parameters. Active areas are made, for example, of LEDs or other light-emitting elements 2o or a scoreboard.

The block of imitation of acoustic noises 47 contains the module 55 of imitation of acoustic noises, the module 56 of the speech informant and the emitters 57 of acoustic noises and speech messages. The software of the acoustic noise simulation unit 47 provides simulation and reproduction of acoustic noises characteristic of a certain functional system, for example, during the operation of engines, equipment or devices, as well as sounds that occur at the moments of one-off events, for example, the sound of air when braking the main wheels, resulting sounds when various mechanical and electromechanical dampers and taps are activated, as well as voice messages. Language messages can be played, for example, in Russian and English.

The matching unit 48 is used to convert the control signals coming from the processor module 49 to the active elements 53 of the demonstration mechanism units 45. The matching unit 48 is made in the form of an M zr system of adapters: multi-bit digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters and discrete input/output channels . with

The processor module 49 contains the module 58 of the system for evaluating the actions of learners and can be executed, for example, Ge! in the form of a digital model processor with built-in devices for storing the program and RAM and a clock generator. The processor module 49 is connected to the visualization unit 46 and the acoustic noise simulation unit 47 and, through the matching unit 48, to the demonstration mechanism unit 45. The digital model de processor, based on the program embedded in it, implements mathematical models of operation of the functional system and evaluation actions of learners.

The processor module 49 performs the following functions in real time: - receives information from the simulator control panel 51; "- in accordance with the program, calculates the current state of the simulated functional system; with c - performs control actions on the information display elements on the control panel of the functional system 50; ;" - with the help of the matching unit 48 controls the unit of demonstration mechanisms 45 and controls the position of its active elements 53; - controls the visualization unit 46; - - controls the acoustic noise simulation unit 47; - registers data on the state parameters of the control panel elements of the functional system

Me, 50 in the process of performing educational and training exercises, comparing these data with reference data and evaluating the actions of students in the self-monitoring mode, as well as saving the registered data for their further analysis with the help of 5o specialized graphic analysis program. The control panel of the functional system 50 is intended for studying a set of instruments, "M equipment and control bodies of a specific system located at the pilot's workplace, and practicing skills in its operation. The control panel of the functional system 50 is located on the stand and contains active control elements, for example, standard switches, switches, buttons, potentiometers, etc., and active elements of control and display of information, for example, standard light boards, devices, indicators, etc., while it can be made as fragments of the corresponding standard helicopter panels, and in the form of a set of their constituent elements (not shown).The set of instruments, equipment and control bodies is made with structural changes to convert mechanical and electrical signals into digital format.

The control panel of the functional system 50 is interconnected with the processor module 49. The simulator control panel 51 is intended for turning on and off the simulator, checking its operability, entering failure modes in the functional system, and is made in the form of switches with structural changes to convert electrical signals into digital format (not shown). The simulator control panel 51 is connected to the processor module 49.

The network equipment of the simulator ensures the construction of the ETNEKMET local network, which includes 65 computers of the processor module 49 and the acoustic noise simulation unit 47. The network equipment includes a multi-channel network splitter that controls information flows, and network cables that through the network adapters of the matching unit 48 connect computers to a network splitter.

The simulation environment and control panels of the simulator and the functional system provide: - simulation of the operation of a certain functional system in the modes of ground checks, start-up, flight, failures, complex and emergency situations, provided by the helicopter flight operation manual; - working out the actions of the crew in the specified operating modes of the functional system; - assessment of the crew's actions during the operation of the functional system, including in the self-monitoring mode, with the saving of registered data for further analysis using a specialized program.

The specialized simulator of functional systems also includes demonstration stands 52 placed on the base 1 of the training 70, on which tablets and photos and/or full-scale samples of individual units, mechanisms and parts illustrating the device of the helicopter are placed. Demonstration stands 52 are interconnected with the simulator control panel 51.

The specialized simulator of functional systems allows you to perform the following educational and training tasks during the training of flight and engineering and technical personnel operating helicopters: - primary flight training; - retraining for another type of helicopter; - renewal of qualifications after a break.

The interactive computer complex (Fig. 4) includes the instructor's workplace 59, student workplaces 60 and server 61 placed on the base 1.

At the instructor's workplace 59 there is a computer 62 with software for educational exercises and control of acquired knowledge, including in self-assessment mode, and a screen 63 for displaying information during classes.

The workplaces of 60 trainees are equipped with personal computers with 64 monitors, which allow in interactive mode to conduct theoretical classes related to the study of the device of individual units and mechanisms, as well as the principles of operation of the helicopter's functional systems and their control in various flight modes. All workplaces of learners 60 are connected to the server 61 and through it to the computer 62 at the instructor's workplace 59 and the screen for displaying information 63.

The interactive computer program complex allows you to perform the following educational and training tasks during the training of flight and engineering and technical staff operating helicopters: izo - primary flight training; - retraining for another type of helicopter. with

Training at the educational and training complex can be carried out both with the simultaneous use of all of its automated training systems to conduct classes with those who study and have different levels of training, and on parts of the systems or on each of the systems in turn. re)

As an example, the option of separate use of automated training systems is considered - the MI-ZMTV helicopter.

Primary training is conducted on an interactive computer complex. Further, as the theoretical knowledge is gradually mastered, their practical consolidation and development of the relevant abilities and skills provided for by the educational and training process is carried out on a specialized simulator of functional "bystems", after it - on a specialized simulator of cabin procedures and final training - on a complex simulator .

The learning process on the interactive computer complex is carried out as follows. ;" The classes are conducted by the instructor from his workplace 59. After announcing the topic of the classes, each of those studying at his workplace 60 uses the monitor 64 to select from the information base

The corresponding educational task and downloads this task. When studying the device of individual mechanisms - and aggregates, the principles of operation of the functional systems of the helicopter or the rules of their operation, including in difficult and emergency situations, the software allows you to reproduce on the monitors 64 relevant

Meh, topic sections. To improve the assimilation of the theoretical material, the most difficult sections of the course

Ge) are illustrated by means of animation, graphs and diagrams, which can be controlled directly by the learner in 5or interactive mode with fixation and multiple repetition of individual sections. For example, the topic of controlling a helicopter in autorotation mode is illustrated by means of animation with the reproduction on the screen of a 64 "M monitor of the flight trajectory, current instrument indicators and the position of the helicopter in space. Information in response to the actions of the learner is entered by them using a keyboard and/or a remote mouse (not shown) and through the server 61, the instructor’s workstations 59 are sent to the computer 62. The process of issuing tasks and in response to the actions of students is carried out cyclically according to the program until the command to end the block of tasks is received. During classes, the instructor can display information on the screen 63 selectively monitor the correctness of the students' actions in response and analyze them. After completing each topic, the students' knowledge can be checked independently in the self-monitoring mode, as well as according to the evaluation criteria by the testing method. The students choose the appropriate knowledge control modes independently on the 64 monitors, and the computer computer 62 hours at the workplace, etc structurer 59 registers and records all test answers of students.

On the specialized simulator of the functional systems of the helicopter, training is carried out as follows.

A practical class on a specialized simulator of the helicopter's functional systems is preceded by a course of classes on studying the device of these systems on educational demonstration stands 52, on which tablets, photos and/or full-scale samples of individual units, mechanisms and parts illustrating the device of the helicopter are placed. 65 The simulator is turned on from the control panel 51 by turning the switch (not shown) to the working position, after that, on the same panel, another switch (not shown) starts a check of the simulator systems, for example, a check of control indicators and a light signal board, active elements 53 blocks of demonstration mechanisms 45 and active areas on the diagram of the visualization unit 46.

After checking the readiness of the simulator, they begin training exercises. For this, on the control panel 51, using the appropriate switch (not shown), one of the operating modes of the functional system being studied is set. In the course of the exercise, the trainee on the control panel of the functional system 50 in a certain sequence performs the actions provided for in the operation manual, including or turning off standard switches, switches, buttons, potentiometers, etc., and monitors the operation of the system on standard light panels, devices and indicators . From the control panel of the functional system 50 7/0, control information enters the processor module 49, which implements mathematical models of the given mode on the control elements of the control panel of the functional system 50, on the visualization unit 46, the acoustic noise simulation unit 47 and through the matching unit 48 - on the active elements 53, blocks of demonstration mechanisms 45. At the same time, the software of the acoustic noise simulation block 47 provides imitation and reproduction of acoustic noises characteristic of the functional system being studied, /5 for example, during the operation of engines, equipment or devices, as well as sounds that occur at moments of one-off events, for example, the sound of air coming out when braking the main wheels, sounds when various mechanical and electromechanical valves and taps are activated, as well as voice messages.

In the case of incorrect actions of the learner, the information about the error is entered into the RAM of the processor module 49, in real time the control command is transmitted to the speech module 20 of the informant 56, after which a sound signal about the error is given through the emitter of acoustic noises and speech messages 57. After correcting the error, the exercise continues. Information about the state parameters of the elements of the control panel of the functional system 50 is registered and accumulated during the exercise, after which it can be printed using a specialized program. Repeating the educational and training task many times, the learner tries to complete it without mistakes. After completing each topic, students can independently monitor the acquired knowledge in the self-monitoring mode, credit testing is conducted according to evaluation criteria with a limitation in the duration of the credit. at,

Similarly, skills are practiced for other modes of operation of this functional system and, in accordance with the educational and training plan, they successively move on to mastering other functional systems. The work of the specialized simulator of cabin procedures is carried out as follows.

Crew members who are undergoing training or training occupy the workplaces of pilots 7 in the cabin 2 and are preparing to perform a training task to practice procedural actions in accordance with the requirements of Ge!

Instructions for the flight operation of the MI-ZMTV helicopter.

The instructor at the workplace of the instructor Z turns on the power of the simulator, after which the loading of the computer operating systems and the initiation of the set of instruments, equipment and controls "- 8 in cabin 2 takes place. After completing the preparation for work, the instructor on the touch screen of the monitor 16 selects training exercise from the library of ready-made exercises and using the input device 21 includes simulator systems related to its implementation. At the same time, the parameters of the surrounding environment (time and date of inspection, temperature and pressure at the airfield, direction and speed of the wind), operational characteristics of the helicopter (takeoff mass, fuel mass, position of the center of gravity), systems failure scenario are selected and entered into the selected exercise. in c devices, equipment. The entered parameters are saved in the selected exercise. During the exercise, the parameters can be changed and saved again. ;" The model computer of the simulation block of flight conditions and operating modes 40 of the digital computing complex 37, in accordance with the set program, calculates mathematical models of the operation of on-board systems 45 and the equipment for the exercise and transmits information to the Z8 server, which performs task dispatching and provides communication hardware of the digital computing complex 37 with the workplace of the instructor Z and with instruments, equipment and controls of the cabin 2 in the process

Me, performing the exercise. During the training exercise, the crew members influence the control bodies 8, from which

Ge) through the system of adapters 9, information in the form of digital codes enters the unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes 40, which simulates adequate indicators of instruments in the cockpit 2 and through the peripheral switch 43 and duplicates them on the active video monitor 18 of the instructor's workplace 3. At the same time, the computer The computer simulator of the block "M imitation of acoustic noises 41 simulates the sound accompaniment of the exercise and transmits it to the emitters of acoustic noises in the cabin 2. With the help of video cameras 11, the signal from which goes to the unit for processing and archiving video and sound information 44 and then to the video monitor 17 , the instructor observes the actions of the crew. Through the microphone of the radio communication simulation unit 12, the instructor transmits commands to the crew, imitating the ground flight control post. During the exercise, the instructor can enter tasks on the command and control unit 39 using the input device 21 and the touch monitor 13 s to work out an abnormal situation, such as engine failure Tasks from the control unit and control 39 through a multi-port network hub 42 enters the unit for modeling flight conditions and operating modes 40, the model computer of which calculates mathematical models of the operation of on-board systems and equipment and through adapters 9 changes the indicators of the corresponding control devices in the cabin 2. Simultaneously through the multi-port network the hub 42 is connected to the acoustic noise simulation unit 41, which generates the acoustic accompaniment appropriate for the task and transmits it to the acoustic noise emitters 10. The crew, influencing the control bodies 8, performs actions to eliminate the abnormal situation in accordance with the helicopter flight operation manual. The information about these actions converted by adapters 9 65 is fed back to the units of the digital computing complex 37 and through the server 38 and the peripheral switch 43 is sent to the monitor 18 of the instructor's workplace 3, on which the indicators of the corresponding devices change.

For example, the simulation of control of the helicopter's power plant using the "KROC-GAZ" handle is carried out as follows. The movement of the specified handle is transmitted along the standard thrust to the highly sensitive sensors of the adapter system 9, which will convert linear movements into electrical signals that are further transmitted through the multi-bit analog-to-digital converter of the adapter system 9U to the flight conditions simulation unit and operating modes 40 of the digital computing complex 37. According to the program model computer of this block calculates mathematical models of the operation of the power plant and related on-board systems and equipment. Through feedback through multi-bit digital-to-analog converters of the system of adapters 9, the signals are transmitted to the set of devices and equipment 8 in the cabin 2. The arrows of the devices are moved, for example, with the help of stepper motors. Display of current indicators of devices and equipment, as well as acoustic noises in cabin 2 is carried out in real time and with the same dynamics that corresponds to the operation of real devices and equipment. The indicators of the devices through the peripheral switch 43 are duplicated on the video monitor 18 of the instructor’s workplace 3. Information to the sound and speech 7/5 of the exercise, as well as video images of the crew are recorded on the video and audio information processing and archiving unit 44. The control results are provided to the instructor’s workplace Z as promptly in the process of performing the exercises, and after their completion in the form of an integral assessment with an indication of shortcomings at all stages. All information upon completion of exercises is logged and archived.

The process of training on a complex simulator is carried out similarly. Taking into account the fact that the complex 2o simulator is designed for a higher level of training, training on it is carried out with the simulation of the cockpit visual environment and the reproduction of acceleration effects. In addition, the software of the simulator provides for the execution of exercises in the take-off, flight and landing modes of the helicopter.

When training on a complex simulator, crew members undergoing training or training occupy workplaces 7 in cabin 2 and prepare for flight in accordance with the requirements of the MI-ZMTV helicopter flight operation manual.

The instructor at the workplace of the instructor 2 turns on the power of the simulator, after which the operating systems of computers are loaded and the set of instruments, equipment and controls 8 is initiated in the cabin 2. After completing the preparation for work, the instructor selects an educational exercise from the library on the touch screen of the monitor 16 ready-made exercises and with the help of the input device 21 includes the systems of the simulator, which are related to its implementation. At the same time, the parameters of the environment at the take-off and landing airfields (time and date of departure, route, temperature and pressure at the airfield, direction c and wind speed), operational characteristics of the helicopter (take-off mass, fuel mass, position of the center of gravity) are selected and entered into the selected exercise. severity), failure scenario of systems, devices, equipment. The entered parameters are saved in the selected exercise.

During the exercise, the parameters can be changed and saved again. ise)

The task of working out the exercise goes to the control and control unit 23, after which the model "- computer of the unit for simulating flight conditions and work modes 24 digital computing complexes 4 in accordance with the established program calculates mathematical models of the operation of onboard systems and equipment and their corresponding system models visualization and simulation of acoustic and acceleration effects, and through the multi-port network hub 27 transmits information to the acoustic noise simulation unit 25, the unit "

Modeling of the visual environment inside the cockpit 26 and on the server 22. The server 22 carries out the dispatching of the task pt") c ensures during the exercise the interconnection of the hardware of the digital computing complex 4 with the instructor's workplace 3. The operation of the set of instruments, equipment and control bodies 8 of the cabin 2 ;" is provided directly by the unit for modeling flight conditions and operating modes 24, and acoustic noise emitters 10 - by the acoustic noise simulation unit 25.

During the training flight exercise, the crew members influence the control bodies 8, from which, through the system of adapters 9, information in the form of digital codes is sent to the simulation unit of flight conditions and operating modes 24, which simulates adequate indications of the instruments 8 in the cockpit 2 and through the server 22 and peripheral switch

Me, 28 duplicates them on the active video monitor 18 of the instructor's workplace 3. At the same time, the block simulator computer

Ge) imitations of acoustic noises 25 simulates the sound accompaniment of the exercise and transmits it to the emitter of acoustic noises 5019 in the cabin 2. Computer-simulators 30 of the visual environment simulation unit 26 simulate an adequate scenario "M of the training exercise visual accompaniment and through graphic accelerators 31 and devices geometry corrections 32 transmit it to the projectors 33, which project the image on the spherical screen 34, and with the help of two graphic accelerators 31 - to the monitors 19, 20 of the instructor's workplace 3.

The task of creating an adequate scenario of the training exercise of acceleration effects comes from the unit for modeling flight conditions and operating modes 24 through a multi-port network hub 27 to the control unit 36, which includes the drives of the platform 35 with the cabin 2 installed on it.

With the help of video cameras 11, the instructor monitors the actions of the crew on the video monitor 17. Through the microphone of the simulation radio communication unit 12, the instructor transmits commands to the crew, imitating the ground control point of the flight. During the exercise, the instructor using the touch monitor 13 can submit, with the help of the command and control unit 23, to the flight conditions simulation unit and work modes 24 tasks for working out any emergency situation provided for in the helicopter operation manual.

In the process of performing training exercises at the workplace of instructor Z in real time with the help of a video monitor 18, all indicators of the set of instruments, equipment and 65 control bodies 8 in the cockpit of the helicopter 2 are duplicated, on the monitor 19 the visual situation inside the cockpit, observed from the workplaces, is displayed pilots 7 helicopter cabins 2, on the video monitor 17 - actions of the crew, on the monitor

20 - the position of the helicopter in space, and on the monitor 14 - the location of the helicopter on the map of the flight area.

All information about the crew's performance of the training task is stored for later playback during post-flight debriefing. In addition, for post-flight analysis and analysis, the video and audio information processing and archiving unit 29 records voice information and video surveillance of the crew.

The specified information is logged and archived upon completion of the exercises. Control results are documented both on magnetic and paper media.

Thus, the proposed educational and training complex provides a combination of interrelated educational and training tools necessary for the consistent formation of skills and abilities in the operation of on-board systems and helicopter equipment in flight and engineering and technical personnel, and, as a result, increasing the efficiency and the quality of the educational and training process as a whole, reducing the duration of training with greater objectivity in its conduct. The structural execution and software of the complex fully correspond to the conditions of the functioning of aviation simulators in terms of the identity of the models of devices, equipment and functional systems to the real aircraft, in terms of the identity of the behavioral models and operations to their natural forecasting and optimization models of actions in the real conditions of the operation of the aircraft, in terms of the correspondence of the functional capabilities - tasks of successive educational and training processes. In addition, the complex allows at all stages of training to improve controllability of the simulation environment and obtain objective information about the actions of the crew, to automate the process of objective control and analysis of the level of individual and collective training of flight and engineering personnel, to timely identify and eliminate gaps in the Knowledge and skills, which in aggregate reduces the duration of educational and training training by 15-2095 while simultaneously increasing its quality.

Claims (5)

The formula of the invention 1. The training and training complex of a helicopter, which contains a cockpit with pilot workplaces located on the base, equipped with a set of instruments, equipment and controls, the appearance and location of which correspond to their appearance and location in the cockpit of a real helicopter, a system of adapters, acoustic emitters noise and video cameras, the instructor's workplace, which includes a control unit, a control unit, and a radio communication simulation unit, a digital computer complex, which is designed with the ability to simulate regular and non-regular modes of operation and contains an interconnected unit for simulating conditions with flight and operating modes, a control and control unit and an acoustic noise simulation unit, a cockpit visual environment simulation unit and a cockpit visual environment reproduction unit, while the control and control unit of the digital computing complex is interconnected with the operational control unit), 35 instructor seats , workplace control unit of the instructor is connected to the cockpit video cameras, the "cabin visual environment simulation" unit is connected to the control and control unit and the cabin visual environment reproduction unit, the acoustic noise simulation unit is connected to the acoustic noise emitters, while the mentioned relationship of the digital computer of the complex with a cabin, an instructor's workplace, a unit for modeling the cockpit visual environment and a unit for reproducing the cockpit visual environment forms a complex simulator, which is distinguished by the fact that it additionally contains a specialized (73 s simulator of functional systems, an interactive computer program complex and a second digital computer the complex, which is made with the possibility of simulating regular and non-regular modes of operation and "from" includes a unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes, a control and control unit, a unit for simulating acoustic noises, a server, a multi-port network hub, a peripheral switch and a processing unit and an archive ation of video and audio information, the first digital computer complex additionally contains a server, - a multi-port network hub, a peripheral switch and a unit for processing and archiving video and audio information, a unit for modeling the cockpit visual environment is located in the first digital Me, a computer complex, a workplace control unit of the instructor is made in the form of a monitor with a touch screen for entering and removing information about failure, complex and emergency situations, an active monitor for displaying a map of the flight area with the possibility of entering and documenting the route and to the input device, the control unit of the instructor’s workplace is made in the form of a video monitor for "M video surveillance of the actions of the crew, an active video monitor for displaying the indications of instruments, equipment and controls of the cockpit, a visualization monitor for displaying the cockpit visual environment and a monitor for displaying the position of the helicopter in space, while the video monitor for video surveillance of the actions of the crew, it is connected to the cabin video cameras using the video and audio information processing and archiving unit of the corresponding digital computer complex, an active video monitor for displaying readings from instruments, equipment and controls is connected to the peripheral switch of the corresponding digital computer complex, the visualization monitor for displaying the cockpit visual environment and the monitor for displaying the position of the helicopter in space are connected to the cockpit visual environment simulation unit, the radio communication simulation unit is connected to the pilot workplaces and to the video and audio information processing and archiving unit of the corresponding of the digital computer complex, the server, the control and control unit, the simulation unit of flight conditions and operating modes, the acoustic noise simulation unit, and the cockpit visual environment simulation unit of each of the digital computer complexes of the complex are connected to the video processing and archiving unit o- and sound information and are interconnected through a multi-port network hub and a peripheral switch, through which the unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes of each of the digital computing complexes is connected to the input device of the instructor's workplace through a system of interconnection adapters connected with a set of instruments, equipment and controls of the cabin, and the mentioned relationship of the second digital computer complex with the cabin, a monitor with a touch screen for entering and removing information about failures, complex and emergency situations and a device for entering the control unit, a video monitor for video surveillance of actions the crew, an active video monitor for displaying the indications of instruments, equipment and controls of the cabin of the control unit and a radio communication simulation unit of the instructor's workplace form a specialized simulator of cabin procedures, while the specialized simulator of functional systems contains a complex of simulators of the power plant and/or auxiliary intermediate power plant, and/or oil system, and/or fuel system, and/or electrical system, and/or hydraulic system, and/or anti-icing /0 bistem, and/or dust protection device, and/or heating and ventilation system, and/ or a fire-fighting system, an airborne system, and/or a helicopter control system, and/or a lighting and light signaling system, and/or radio communication equipment, and/or an on-board control and flight data recording system, and/or pilotage and navigation equipment, and the interactive computer program complex contains educational workplaces with personal computers connected to each other by means of a server and /5 Made with the possibility of conducting classes in an interactive mode on studying the structure of individual units and mechanisms, the principles of operation of functional systems and rules of operation helicopter in regular and non-regular modes. 2. The educational and training complex according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the control unit of the instructor's workplace additionally contains a video monitor for displaying the order and sequence of actions of the crew during training exercises and an active monitor with a touch screen, which are connected to each other and in series with connected to the control and control units of the corresponding digital computing complexes. 3. Educational and training complex according to claim 1 or 2, which differs in that the unit for modeling the cockpit visual environment is made in the form of a group of model computers, a group of graphic accelerators and geometry correction devices connected in series. 4. An educational and training complex according to any of claims 1-3, which is characterized by the fact that the unit for reproducing the cabin visual environment is made in the form of a spherical screen located in front of the cabin and a group of t projectors, each of which is connected to a corresponding geometry correction device cockpit visual environment simulation unit installed with the ability to display the cockpit visual environment on a spherical screen. M zo 5. An educational and training complex according to any of claims 1-4, which is characterized by the fact that the complex simulator additionally contains a unit for simulating acceleration effects, which includes a platform for installing the cabin and a control unit connected to it, connected by using a multi-port network concentrator with a unit for simulating flight conditions and operating modes and a control and control unit of the first digital computing complex. ise) b. An educational and training complex according to any of claims 1-5, which is distinguished by the fact that it is specialized - where the simulator of functional systems additionally contains educational demonstration stands on which tablets and photos illustrating the structure of the helicopter and its individual units, mechanisms and parts are placed , and/or stands of full-scale units and/or mechanisms. 7. An educational and training complex according to any of claims 1-6, which is distinguished by the fact that the complex simulator and the specialized simulator of cabin procedures are made with the possibility of objective control of the results of the performance of educational and training tasks. 8. An educational and training complex according to any of claims 1-7, which differs in that it is specialized;" the simulator of functional systems and the interactive computer program complex are made with the possibility of monitoring the acquired knowledge, including in the self-assessment mode. 9. Educational and training complex according to any of claims 1-8, which is characterized by the fact that the interactive computer program complex additionally contains an instructor's workplace with a computer with software for educational exercises and knowledge control and with a display screen information during the implementation Me. classes se) with 50 that with 60 b5