UA160271U - Method of electric discharge cutting of materials into square and rectangular samples by a wire tool electrode - Google Patents

Abstract

Method of electric discharge cutting of materials into square and rectangular samples by a wire tool electrode, which is drawn in the processing zone to form a group of parallel wire tool electrodes, is that the cutting is carried out while simultaneously drawing two mutually perpendicular groups of parallel wire tool electrodes in the processing zone with a distance between the groups of at least two interelectrode gaps, when all wire tool electrodes are powered by a pulsed process current from a single power source with the ability to adjust the current strength and when both groups of wire tool electrodes are automatically supplied by a single tracking system.

Description

The utility model belongs to the field of electrical discharge machining and can be used in mechanical engineering as a method of electrical discharge cutting of difficult-to-machine materials into samples of square and rectangular cross-section with a wire electrode tool, for example, from cubic boron nitride and a silicon ingot.

Known analogues are methods of electroerosion cutting of materials into samples of square and rectangular cross-section using a wire electrode tool, for example, the method

M, p. 104). Cutting is carried out by electric pulse discharges, which are excited between the wire electrode-tool and the electrode-workpiece during continuous movement (rewinding) of the wire.

The disadvantage of analogues is that each cut requires a preliminary adjustment, i.e. positioning of the electrode-workpiece relative to the wire electrode-tool. Thus, four adjustments are required to cut one square sample. This significantly increases the total time for cutting difficult-to-machine materials into samples of square and rectangular cross-section.

The closest to the claimed method is the method of electroerosion cutting of materials into samples of square and rectangular cross-section with a wire electrode-tool, which is transformed into a multi-wire |2)Ю during the cutting process. The wire electrode-tool is wound on four parallel guide rollers with a pitch equal to the width of the sample, taking into account two lateral interelectrode gaps. Thus, a group of parallel wires is formed from one wire, each of which participates in the cutting process. Therefore, for cutting one square sample in the known method, not four, but two settings are required.

However, the known method does not allow cutting square and rectangular samples in one setting, which not only increases the total cutting time, but also reduces its accuracy.

The utility model is based on the task of reducing the total time and increasing the accuracy of cutting materials into samples of square and rectangular cross-section by reducing the number of settings to one.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the method of electroerosion cutting of materials into samples of square and rectangular cross-section with a wire electrode-tool, which is drawn in the processing zone with the formation of a group of parallel wire electrodes-tools, according to the utility model, cutting is carried out by simultaneously drawing in the processing zone two mutually perpendicular groups of parallel wire electrodes-tools with a distance between the groups of at least two interelectrode gaps, while supplying all wire electrodes-tools with a pulsed technological current from one power source with the possibility of adjusting the current strength and with automatic feeding of both groups of wire electrodes-tools from one tracking system.

The utility model is illustrated by the drawings, which show a diagram of a device for implementing the proposed method of electroerosion cutting of materials into square cross-section samples with a wire electrode-tool: Fig. 1 - longitudinal section of the device A-A in the feed plane; Fig. 2 - view B (device plan).

The implementation of this method is carried out using a device (Fig. 1, 2), which is mounted on an electric discharge machine. The electrode blank 1 is fixed on the backing plate 2 using an electrically conductive adhesive. To cut the electrode blank 1 into four samples of square cross-section with side "a", the device is equipped with a frame 3, to which four blocks are attached. Block 4 includes: three coils (not shown in Fig. 1, 2), from which wire electrodes-tools 5, 6 and 7 of the lower group are wound; a mechanism for adjusting the distance "B" between the wires, which ensures their parallelism during operation (not shown in Fig. 1, 2); a mechanism for braking the wires to ensure their tension (not shown in Fig. 1, 2); a mechanism for supplying pulse current to the wires from the power source (usually from the "minus" terminal). Block 8 includes: three coils with a common drive (not shown in Fig. 1, 2), on which the spent wire electrodes-tools 5, 6 and 7 of the lower group are wound; a mechanism for adjusting the distance "B" between the wires, which ensures their parallelism during operation (not shown in Fig. 1, 2); a mechanism for braking the wires to ensure their tension (not shown in Fig. 1, 2); a mechanism for supplying pulsed current to the wires from the power source (usually from the "minus" terminal). Blocks 9 and 10 have a similar configuration to blocks 4 and 8, respectively, only they are intended for servicing wire electrodes-tools 11, 12 and 13 of the upper group.

After mutual positioning of the electrodes (one setting), turn on the pulsed electric current power source (not shown in Fig. 1, 2), automatic feed 5 (one tracking system for both groups of wire electrodes-tools) and carry out cutting of the electrode-workpiece 1 into four samples of square cross-section while simultaneously drawing in the processing zone two mutually perpendicular groups of parallel wire electrodes-tools: 5, 6 and 7 (lower group) and 11, 12 and 13 (upper group). To reduce the cutting time, the distance "I" between the groups is made minimal, but not less than two interelectrode gaps. The cutting process can be implemented by immersing the cutting zone in the working fluid or by watering the working fluid into the processing zone.

The initial stage of the cutting process is started at the average current strength that one wire electrode-tool of a certain diameter can withstand, and therefore the entire electrical load from the burning of the pulsed discharge 14 is taken by it alone. But over time, when not only the lower 5, 6 and 7, but also the upper group of wire electrodes-tools 11, 12 and 13 start working, the current strength can be increased, and therefore the cutting performance is increased. In this case, the effect of simultaneous burning of several discharges is effective, with the current strength in each discharge less than the critical one (Kirchhoff's rule works: the current in the electrical circuit before the branch is equal to the sum of the currents after the branch).

The use of the proposed method, compared to the known one, reduces the total cutting time by fifteen to twenty percent and increases the accuracy of cutting materials into samples of square and rectangular cross-section by reducing the number of settings to one.

Sources of information: 1. Foteev N.K. Electroerosion treatment technology / N.K. Foteev. - M.

Mechanical engineering, 1980. - 184 p. 2. Patent of Japan: UR 2010 - 5735 A 2010. 1. 14.

Claims (1)

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