UA150280U - Device for the correction of teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for the correction of teeth comprises an elastic rod made of elastic chain, fixing elements made in the form of photocomposite buttons, and an arc made of nickel-titanium material made depending on the location in the form of a semicircle or straight. The arch has a rectangular, square or round cross-section, depending on the place of fixation and the force of application to a tooth to be aligned, single-rooted, double-rooted or three-rooted, respectively. In addition, the device comprises a special hook which has planes on both sides for positioning the arc on a tooth.

Description

A useful model belongs to dentistry. It can be used to correct teeth in their incorrect position, with the following anomalies: dense arrangement of teeth, rotation of teeth around their axis, change in the position of a tooth that is not in the dental row, discrepancies in height (disposition) and/or gaps between teeth (diastemas and three).

Currently, braces of various shapes and designs are used to correct the irregular shape of teeth (SHA MoMo patents 25838, 2127524), which generally include a frame, a body with a groove for the passage of an orthodontic arch and a system for fixing such an arch in the required position.

However, in practice, all brace designs have one significant drawback, which consists in the presence of protruding parts and/or elements on the braces body, necessary for the external fixation of the orthodontic arch, capable of causing various painful sensations during wearing, caused by the contact of the uneven surfaces of the braces with the surface lips Also, the disadvantage is that in some cases the edges of the teeth come into contact with the braces, which creates discomfort.

In addition to the above, there is also a problem of a hygienic and aesthetic nature: the body of the braces, which rises above the surface of the tooth with protruding elements, is visually very noticeable and often causes shyness in patients, in addition, it contributes to the sticking of pieces of food, intensive deposition of dental plaque around the place of attachment of the braces, complicating the tooth brushing process.

All of the above increases the patient's adaptation time when installing a brace system, reduces subjective comfort during this type of treatment, and can contribute to the appearance and worsening of some dental diseases (demineralization of tooth enamel, tartar, caries, the appearance of bad breath).

We would also like to point out that brace systems are installed for a minimum of 1 year, depending on the clinical case, which is not advisable if, for example, the patient has a correct bite and all teeth are equal except for two units. In such a clinical situation, aligners or trainers can be used. But again, a significant drawback is that in such a clinical situation, when only two teeth are uneven, aligners still need to be worn on all teeth. Aligners are mouthguards made of transparent material. They contribute to the displacement of problem teeth due to pressure on them and form their correct position. With the help of transparent aligners

There is a smooth movement of the teeth to align the tooth row. This can occur due to movement or expansion of the dental arch. Other inconveniences of aligners include the fact that they are worn over the entire tooth row and require 24/7 wear and independent control of the wearing process. Also, they are often lost, broken or forgotten.

This is due to the fact that the aligners must be removed before each meal, and after a meal, the teeth should be carefully cleaned so as not to disturb the pH balance of saliva (risk of caries) and put on again. There is also the inconvenience of restoring them in case of loss. The final result of aligning teeth with the help of aligners directly depends on the responsibility of the patient.

Therefore, in the field of dentistry, there is a constant need to create new devices and methods of treatment that can provide patients with more comfortable and faster correction of misaligned teeth.

From the state of the art, no technical solution identical to the proposed one has been identified.

The basis of a useful model is the task of creating a simple device for the correction of teeth with increased comfort.

The task is solved by the fact that the device for teeth correction contains an elastic pull made of an elastic chain, fixing elements made in the form of photocomposite buttons, and an arc made of nickel-titanium material, made depending on the place of placement in the form of a semicircle or flat. At the same time, the arch has a rectangular, square or round section, depending on the place of fixation and the force of application to the tooth that needs to be aligned, single-rooted, two-rooted or three-rooted, respectively. In addition, a special hook with edges on two sides is added to the device for positioning the arch on the tooth.

The technical result consists in solving the following tasks: - Minimize the probability of pain and injury to the lips and/or teeth during their alignment; - Reduce the probability of food particles getting into crevices and interdental spaces; - Reduce the intensity of plaque formation around the place of attachment of the device; - Facilitate the process of brushing teeth with the installed system; - To shorten the process of treatment of tooth curvature by up to four months.

The combination of all essential features will allow to increase comfort for the patient when performing the tooth alignment procedure by reducing the pain sensation and traumatization of the lips and teeth, as well as to solve a number of the tasks listed above, compared to existing devices used for these purposes.

Drawings explain the essence of a useful model.

In fig. 1 shows the elastic traction of the device for the correction of teeth.

In fig. 2 shows a semicircular arch, the place of fixation is chosen according to the shape of the dental arch, the number of fixation buttons depends on the number of teeth that are aligned.

In fig. A straight arc is depicted, the principle of its fixation is similar to the principle of fixation of a semicircular arc.

In fig. 4 shows a cross-section of an arc.

In fig. 5 shows a hook for positioning the arch on the tooth.

In fig. 6 shows a photo of the teeth before the installation of the structure.

In fig. 7 shows a photo of the teeth after wearing the structure.

The device is made in the form of an elastic rod 1, made of an elastic chain, fixing elements 2 in the form of photocomposite buttons and an arc З or 4, made of nickel-titanium (Missoisht Tyapisht) material, and has a rectangular or square or circular cross-section, as shown in Fig. fig. 4. The arc has the shape of either a semicircle 3 or a straight 4, depending on the place of placement. A semicircular Z is placed on the front four teeth (frontals) to create a semicircle on the upper or lower jaw, and a flat 4 is placed on the rest of the teeth to align with the adjacent teeth (respectively equal). The device is equipped with a hook 5, which has edges on two sides for positioning the arch or 3 or 4 on the tooth.

The device is used in the following way:

In order to turn, lower, raise (rotate, extrude and intrude) teeth, it is necessary to take a 1 cm segment of arch C or 4, having previously prepared the surface of the tooth by etching its lingual surface with orthophosphoric acid 37 95, and then applying the bond by dripping a drop of liquid composite (fixing element 2), thereby creating a so-called "button". Then a segment of arc 3 or 4 is placed on the drop (button 2), it is pulled from both sides with silicone floss, which is previously torn off with a 30 cm segment, after which it is passed in the form of a loop between the proximal contacts and the arc З is pulled from both sides or 4 tight to the crooked tooth. Since arc Z or 4 is soft as long as it is cold, it is

Zo easily repeats the shape of a crooked tooth. Next, the fixing element 2 from the liquid composite is illuminated and the floss is removed. If it is necessary to align two or more teeth, then a similar procedure is performed with each tooth that is planned to be aligned. Arch or 3 or 4 is fixed in the event that it is necessary to turn a tooth or several teeth in the dental row relative to the adjacent teeth, if the patient has a disposition (distortion) of a tooth or several teeth, and he or they are not in the dental row. For the alignment process, it is enough to fix the arch or 3 or 4 only on the tooth that has a disposition. At the same time, support should be made on the adjacent tooth, which has an even position. Since when turning a crooked tooth, it needs a place in the tooth row, and the place will appear due to the movement of even adjacent teeth, or in different directions along the tooth row, or due to the teeth moving forward.

Anchorage (fixation) of adjacent teeth is performed after the tooth being aligned takes its normal position, that is, it becomes the contact (proximal) surfaces of the tooth row. After that, you can anchor the adjacent teeth and completely stabilize the position of the tooth in terms of height and curvature relative to the adjacent teeth by correcting the arch or Z or 4. This happens according to the same principle, button 2 is removed from the tooth, together with the previously installed arch or C or 4, after which a new segment of the orthodontic arch or C or 4 is fixed by gluing with a composite button 2. After fixing the arch or 3 or 4 to the tooth, its other end will rest on the adjacent tooth, protruding with a sharp edge, scratching the tongue. To avoid this and solve one of our tasks, after fixing the arch, it is necessary to "bite off" the protruding edge with nippers and polish it with an "Arkansas" bur.

The next correction of the arch occurs after 3 weeks, and then each subsequent correction occurs every 5-10 days until full alignment with mandatory daily control in the final stage, when it is necessary to perform microrotations. In one visit, no more than 6 teeth can be installed and started to be aligned in order to be able to control their movement, and it is also possible to move the teeth on the upper and lower jaw at the same time. The number of locking composite buttons 2 always depends on the number of teeth to be aligned. Since arc or

C, or 4 is fixed either on one tooth or on a group of teeth with mandatory support on the adjacent one, the number of corrections can be unlimited to achieve an ideal result, but, as a rule, does not exceed four times during the entire course of treatment for one tooth. It is important to consider that the arch can only align the teeth, but it does not align the bite. 60 Since the arch or 3 or 4 is not able to move the teeth in the tooth row by itself, but is only a controlling element at the moment of movement of the teeth along the tooth row, elastic traction 1 is used as an auxiliary means for moving the teeth. Elastic traction 1 is installed on the front surface of the teeth, fixed with a composite button 2, previously installed on the tooth.

The principle of creating a composite button 2 is described above. The most elastic traction 1 is installed according to the principle of one link per tooth and the degree of stiffness depends on how far the tooth is located from the neighboring one. The speed of tooth movement in this case is approximately 1 mm per month. Since the elastic pull 1 has a certain degree of transparency, it is not visible to the eye. It is usually installed from 3 days to 1.5-2 months with mandatory replacement every 7-10 days during arch correction. Since thrust 1 is an auxiliary element in the alignment process, it can be installed at different stages of alignment.

An arc of either 3 or 4 can have either a rectangular, square, or round cross-section.

A rectangular arch is used in cases where more effort is required with a directional action, without the possibility of turning the tooth. Round, accordingly, for applying less effort. A square one is used to apply an average force. Thus, the bows have the ability to make strong, weak and medium effort, respectively. It all depends on which tooth needs to be aligned - single-rooted, two-rooted or three-rooted. Since the arch or Z or 4 is an orthodontic device and its principle is based on the movement of teeth, a mandatory condition at the end of the treatment is the installation of a retainer with lifelong wear, as with braces or aligners.

Using the proposed design of the device will shorten the period of tooth alignment, creates comfort for the patient in use, and has a simple design. Among the other advantages of this method of alignment are indications for installation for people of any age.

Claims (1)

FORMULA OF THE USEFUL MODEL A device for the correction of teeth containing an elastic traction made of an elastic chain, fixing elements made in the form of photocomposite buttons, and an arc made of nickel-titanium material, made depending on the place of placement in the form of a semicircle or flat, while the arc has rectangular, square or round section depending on the place of fixation and the force of application to the tooth that needs to be aligned, single-rooted, double-rooted or three-rooted, respectively, in addition, a special hook is added to the device, which has faces on both sides for positioning the arch on the tooth. Y 2 zhi AS x, KY S ser shchi ie MTV don ku "i ra en vnyan nya ra y / w Fig. 1 With 7 Ai | and my oh, ; cha zh s vek nyu ra ya sh i i che what "kdd zhi Sha Ka dyan ya, ve shi She Z sh va Ne Fig. 2 and: КИ ОХ Kn | and more Fig. From Gichen p-p ssh shi shshch Fig. 4 I h Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7,000 Computer keyboardA. Krulevskyiyd (00000000 SE "Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property", st. Glazunova, 1, m. Kyiv -- 42, 01601 b