UA149068U - METHOD OF ANESTHESIA OF STERLY USING WITH CARNATION OIL - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of anesthesia of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) involves the rapid introduction of anesthesia with the gradual recovery of fish. As an anesthetic use clove oil, from which prepare a working solution at a concentration of 1.0-1.5 ml / 10 liters of water. Clove oil is drawn into a syringe, added to a container with water at a temperature of 21-24 ° C, mixed thoroughly and put the fish in the working solution.

Description

The useful model belongs to agriculture and can be used in fish farming by aquaculture methods.

The use of anesthesia in aquaculture is due both to the need to protect the worker from injuries when working with large specimens of fish, and to protect the fish themselves from stress and injuries during manipulation with them.

There are three types of anesthetic substances according to the method of their use: inhalation, injection and water-soluble. In fishing enterprises, water-soluble anesthetics are more often used, due to their ease of use, as well as safety for personnel (see Poplavskaya

E.S., Kovalenko V.A., Shumova V.M. Testing a new anesthetic for sturgeon fish (for example, sterlets). Actual problems of intensive development of animal husbandry. 2017. Mo 20-2. 6. 295-302.)

Among the drugs used for anesthesia, many substances are of synthetic origin. Most of them, in case of overdose, can have a negative effect on fish (almost all substances) and have the ability to remain in water for a long time (for example, quinaldine), which makes such water toxic. Some substances have a negative effect on fish some time after the anesthesia procedure (for example, aminazine in a complex with amisin) or are harmful to certain types of fish. Among the anesthetics there are those that were previously used in aquaculture, but now belong to substances whose use is regulated by special permits (for example, phenazepam) (see On the approval of the list of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors: Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.

Official Gazette of Ukraine. 2000. Mo. 19. P. 91) is directed towards fast-acting drugs, mainly of natural origin, without side effects of exposure to fish and humans. One of these substances is clove essential oil (Oiiet saguornuii), which is obtained from the clove tree (Eodepia saguorpaPatsga). This drug is used in the food industry, medicine and veterinary medicine.

In aquaculture, clove oil is used as an anesthetic when working with a limited number of valuable aquaculture objects, mainly representatives of the salmon and sturgeon families.

Analysis of information on the use of this drug in aquaculture shows the need for an individual approach when choosing the method of anesthesia, optimal doses and exposure to achieve the desired effect (see Mykodina E.V., Sedova M.A., Pyanova S.V. and others.

Guide to the use of the anesthetic "Hvrozdychnoe oil" in aquaculture. M: VNYRO, 2011. 62 p). Until recently, clove oil was not used in working with many valuable species of fish - objects of aquaculture, despite significant losses of biological material due to technological manipulations with fish. There are valuable species of fish, in particular the sterlet, with which anesthetic drugs were not previously used. This species is the smallest representative of the sturgeon family, the production of which requires a significant number of technological manipulations (biopsy of gonads, removal of eggs by surgical method), which are traditionally carried out without anesthesia, given the small size and rather high endurance of the fish. Despite this, the death of sterlet queen material (especially females) during and immediately after the incubation campaign, as a result of injuries and stress, can reach 1095 at the normative 5 vol.

All of the above encourages conducting research aimed at developing methods of using clove oil as an anesthetic for various species and size groups of fish - valuable objects of aquaculture.

As the closest analogue, we took the method of fish anesthesia using the drug phenazepam. The working solution of phenazepam is prepared in 96 "C ethanol with a ratio of 1-5 95. To accelerate the dissolution of the drug in alcohol, it is heated to 50-60 "C. The finished solution is added to the water based on the live weight of the fish. The optimal concentration of the working solution in water is 2-12 mg/l per 1 kg of fish live weight. Above 12 mg/l, the fish may stop breathing and die (see patent SHA 3894. Zinkovskyi O.G., Potrokhov O.S., Zinkovskyi V.G. Method of fish anesthesia. Publ. 12.27.1994).

The disadvantage of this method is that phenazepam in Ukraine is a substance that is sold only by prescription and is included in the list of narcotic drugs (see On the approval of the list of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors: Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.

Official Gazette of Ukraine. 2000. Mo. 19. - P. 91).

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of anesthesia for the sterlet (Asyrepseg gpitepyv) for working with these fish during boning of breeding material, spawning campaign, and fish transportation. The use of anesthesia during technological manipulations will make it possible to reduce stress and injuries in fish and facilitate the work of 60 fish farmers.

The task is solved in the method of anesthesia of the sterlet (Asyrepseg pyShyepiv), which includes the rapid introduction of anesthesia with gradual recovery of the fish stock, according to a useful model, clove oil is used as an anesthetic, from which a working solution is prepared in a concentration of 1.0-1.5 ml/10 l of water, and clove oil is drawn into a syringe, after which it is added to a container with water at a temperature of 21-24 "С, thoroughly mixed and the fish are planted in the working solution.

Experiments on anesthesia of fish were conducted on the basis of the fish breeding laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture

NUBIP of Ukraine (Nemishaeve village, Kyiv region) and the private enterprise "Bester Scientific and Production Agricultural Enterprise" (Trypillya village, Kyiv region).

Checking the anesthetic effect of the drug on the fish was carried out by observing it and noting the time of onset of the following states: 1. Entry of the fish into a state of anesthesia (slowing down of breathing and body movement). 1.1. Loss of balance. 1.2. Disappearance of movement of fins, but continuation of movement of gill covers. 1.3. Cessation of any movements. 2. Exit from anesthesia (recovery stage): 2.2. The body is immobilized, but the gill covers begin to move. 2.3. Regular movements of the gill covers are observed and movements of the fins and the whole body begin. 2.4. Restoring the balance of the body and active swimming movements of the fish (final exit from the state of anesthesia) (see Nikonorov S.M. Perspectives of the use of neurotropic substances in fish farming. Fish farming. 1984, Mo4. P. 72-73).

During the experiments, the following variations were used:

Experiment Mo 1 was conducted on sterlet individuals aged 5 and 8 years, number - 8 individuals, of which 4 females and 4 males, weighing from 0.6 to 1.75 kg. The dose of the drug is 1 ml per 10 liters of water.

Water temperature in the range of 20-22 76.

Experiment Mo 2 was carried out on 8-year-old sterlet individuals, with a number of individuals, including Z females and Z males, weighing from 0.85 to 1.4 kg. The dose of the drug is 1.5 ml per 10 liters of water. Water temperature - 20 C.

The technological scheme of the experiment includes the preparation of an emulsion of clove oil (working solution). To prepare the working solution, a syringe was taken, into which the required amount of clove oil was drawn from the bottle. Clove oil collected in a syringe was poured into a container with water.

Water for the solution was collected from the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and from the water supply network of the laboratory building. For quick and better preparation of the working solution, an ordinary kitchen mixer was used instead of the generally accepted manual mixing of the drug. Emulsion of clove oil was prepared t.3. in a "cold" way, without pre-heating the water, in contrast to the traditional way, with heating the water to 45-50 "C before adding oil. The water temperature in different variants of the experiment was from 20 to 24 "C. After preparing the working solution, the fish were placed in a container with water, the fish was observed, and the time of the onset of anesthesia and complete loss of movements was recorded.

After that, the immobilized fish was planted in a container with clean, oxygenated, running water. The fish were observed, the time of the start of exit from anesthesia and the time of full recovery of the fish's movements were recorded.

It was proved that in all variants of the experiment, the drug "clove oil" exerted a pronounced anesthetic effect on the studied fish species.

Table

The results of experiments on sterlet anesthesia were carried out on the basis of the fish breeding laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture of the NUBiP of Ukraine

Mo Sex Dose o Age Mass Entry into |Exit from the state. emperature, "Si fish, m m of experiment | fish | anesthetic Ookiv fish, kg | state of anesthesia | anesthesia, min. 722 | 5 | 06 | Zhv.ZOsec. | Zhv.20 sec. 4 1 ml/ 8 | 0.98 | Min./Sec. | From min. 30 sec. 10 l of water 20 8 | 0.76 | 2 min. 5 Sec. | From min. 20 sec. and 8 | 0.82 | Min. 20 sec. | 8 | 175 | 7x.. | min. 1blvody 20 8 | 1.46 | bhv.ZOsec. | From min. 30 sec. 8 | 167 | 7min. 15sec. | min. 15 ml/ 8 | 098 | min. | Enter 55 sec.

From 10 8 | 0.84 | 2 min. 1 section | 7 min. 10 sec. water? 20 8 | 108 | 2 min. 5 sec. | b min 45 sec. 15 ml/ 8 | 14 | cover 40 sec | 7 min. 9 10 8 | 15 | 2 min. ZOsec | 7 min. water

And 8 | 1.37 | Khv.t1Osek. | 6 min. 45 sec.

In an experiment with different doses of clove oil in a water emulsion, conducted on sterlet nurseries, it was established that the optimal dose of the drug in the emulsion, when working within the optimal temperature for this fish, is 0.15 ml/l of water. The analysis of the observations of the behavior of the fish in the experiment revealed a certain regularity of the effect of the clove oil preparation on the sterlet breeders, depending on their body weight. Thus, with the same dose of the drug, larger fish entered the state of anesthesia more slowly and came out faster than smaller fish; males were more likely to be affected by the anesthetic than females. It was also established that the dose of the drug can be reduced by 30-40 95, to 0.1 ml/l of water, provided that the temperature of the water in which the fish is kept during anesthesia is increased within the limits of comfort for this species of fish.

The established regularities provide a basis for the appropriate correction of doses of clove oil during the practical use of the preparation for anesthesia of fish of different sexes, of different sizes and under different temperature conditions of keeping. The materials of the experiments with the starling are given in the table.

The economic effect of the use of anesthesia in working with sterlet is achieved due to the extension of the terms of reproductive use of breeding material of aquaculture facilities.

At the same time, a reduction in the death rate of sterlet breeders during artificial reproduction from the actual 10 95 to the normative 5 95.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of anesthesia of the sterlet (Acirepseg gshyepyv), which includes the rapid introduction of anesthesia with the gradual recovery of the fish stock, which differs in that clove oil is used as an anesthetic, from which a working solution is prepared in a concentration of 1.0-1.5 ml /10 l of water, and clove oil is drawn into a syringe, after which it is added to a container with water at a temperature of 21-24 "С, thoroughly mixed and the fish are planted in the working solution.