UA143554U - ENGINE WITH CRANKSHAFT MECHANISM - Google Patents

Abstract

The engine with a crank-slider mechanism comprises a housing inside which is a shaft with a crank, and at least two cylinders with pistons on the rods, the ends of which pass from the pistons through the guide bushings and connected by a clamp assembly to each other, and the clamp assembly consists of housing in the form of a frame with a rectangular cross-section and internal guide surfaces of the slider for the slider unit located between them and installed with freedom of movement between the guide surfaces of the slide and rotation of the shaft crank, the block slider is made of two connected halves with grooves for lubrication, and the guide bushings are located in the cylinder heads, the frame body of the clamp assembly with side surfaces with grooves for lubrication is installed between the guide surfaces of the engine housing with freedom of movement along the axis of the cylinders with double pistons, and grooves for lubrication on the slider unit do not extend beyond the sliding guide surface in the frame of the clamp node.

Description

The useful model belongs to piston machines, in particular to connecting rodless engines with a crank-slider mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the pistons into the rotary motion of the working shaft, and can be used both in engines, for example, internal and external combustion, steam, pneumatic and others, so and pumps of various types and technological mechanisms.

A known engine with a crank-slider mechanism, which contains a housing, inside which is placed a shaft with a crank, and at least two cylinders with pistons on rods, the ends of which pass from the pistons through guide bushings in the housing and are connected by means of a collar unit to each other, and the yoke unit consists of a body in the form of a frame with a rectangular section and internal guide surfaces for the slider block, located between them and installed with freedom of movement between the guide surfaces and rotation on the shaft crank, while the slider block is made of two connected halves with grooves for lubrication

Ipat. USA Mo 4013048, IPC RHO1B 1/08, BO1B 9/02, EO2B 75/24, publ. 22.03.1977, selected as the closest analogue.

The well-known engine has an easy-to-manufacture design for converting the reciprocating motion of the pistons on the rods into the rotary motion of the shaft.

In a known engine, the forces of the pistons are transmitted by the rods to the housing of the yoke assembly frame and through the slider block to the frame guides to the crank shaft. At the same time, the lateral force perpendicular to the shaft axis from the slider block on the shaft crank in the yoke frame housing is received by the rod bushings in the engine housing and the cylinders from the side surfaces of the pistons in the high-temperature zone with a small amount of lubricant. The consequence of this is the wear of the cylinders from the side surfaces of the pistons and bushings from the lateral impact of the rods, which leads to a loss of compression in the engine, and therefore to failure.

The lubrication grooves on the sliding block extend beyond the sliding plane in the yoke frame housing, resulting in a loss of oil pressure in the engine lubrication system.

The useful model is based on the task of improving the engine with a crank-slider mechanism by changing the design of the parts of the yoke assembly to ensure high-quality wear-free operation of pistons in cylinders and rods in the bushings of the engine and the slider block of the yoke assembly while simultaneously increasing liter and specific capacities and reducing

From the internal mechanical losses of the engine.

The problem is solved by the fact that in an engine with a crank-slider mechanism, which contains a housing, inside which a shaft with a crank is placed, and at least two cylinders with pistons on rods, the ends of which pass from the pistons through guide bushings and are connected by means of a collar assembly with each other, and the yoke unit consists of a frame-like body with a rectangular cross-section and internal sliding guide surfaces for the slider block located between them and installed with freedom of movement between the sliding and rotating guide surfaces on the shaft crank, while the slider block is made from two connected halves with lubrication grooves, according to the utility model, the guide bushings are located in the cylinder heads, the frame body of the collar unit with side surfaces with lubrication grooves is installed between the guide surfaces of the engine housing with freedom of movement along the axis of the cylinders with double-acting pistons, and the lubrication grooves on the slider block do not come out of and the plane of the internal sliding guide surface in the frame of the yoke assembly.

At the same time, the shaft can have one or more cranks. The engine is made in two-stroke or four-stroke mode of operation, and cylinders with double-acting pistons are installed on the ends of the housing one by one or in tandem.

In the claimed useful model, the forces of the pistons are transmitted by rods to the body of the frame of the yoke unit, which is moved by the side surfaces between the guide surfaces of the engine body. The guide surfaces of the engine housing receive the lateral impact on the yoke frame housing from the slider block on the crank shaft. All efforts to convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons in the cylinders into the rotary motion of the shaft and the rotary motion of the shaft into the reciprocating motion of the pistons on the rods in the crank-slider mechanism from the slider block to the internal guide frames are transmitted by the side surfaces of the yoke frame housing to the guide surfaces of the engine housing . There are no lateral loads on the rod and piston perpendicular to the axis of the shaft from the movement conversion mechanism. Thanks to this, the wear of the surfaces of the connecting rods with the guide bushings in the cylinder heads and pistons in the cylinders is reduced. Guide bushings of rods in cylinder heads are designed for sealing gas exchange processes and installation of rods with pistons in the center of engine cylinders.

The use of double-acting pistons instead of single-acting pistons in the engine cylinders increases the liter capacity with the same dimensions and allows the use of a four-stroke engine operation mode. At the same time, the absence of lateral loads from the pistons on the surface in the cylinders allows to increase the degree of compression due to the inflation of the fuel mixture in gasoline or air charge in diesel engines, which leads to an increase in specific power without reducing the motor resource of the engine.

Grooves for lubrication on the sliding block, which do not go beyond the plane of the internal sliding guide surface in the frame of the yoke assembly, ensure the stability of the lubrication pressure without losses in the lubrication system and the reliability of the engine.

The essence of the claimed useful model is explained by the drawings: in fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the engine with cylinders installed on the ends of the housing one at a time; in fig. 2 - a schematic view of the engine with cylinders mounted on the end of the body in tandem; in fig. C - isometric schematic view of the frame of the yoke assembly; in fig. 4 - isometric schematic view of the slider block.

The claimed engine with a crank-slider mechanism contains a housing 1, inside which a shaft 2 with a crank 3 is located, and at least two cylinders 4, 5 with pistons 6 on rods 7, the ends of which pass from the pistons 6 through guide bushings 8 in the heads 9 (Fig. 1), 10 (Fig. 2) cylinders 4, 5 and are connected to each other by means of a collar assembly. The clamp assembly consists of a body 11 in the form of a frame with a rectangular cross-section and internal guide surfaces 12 for the slider block 13, located between them and installed with freedom of movement between the guide surfaces 12 and rotation on the crank Z shaft 2. The slider block 13 is made of two of connected halves with grooves 14 for lubrication of the outer sliding plane 15. The housing 11 of the frame of the yoke assembly with side surfaces 16 with grooves for lubrication 17 is installed between the guide surfaces 18 in the engine housing 1 with freedom of movement along the axis of the cylinders 4, 5 with pistons 6 of double action . Grooves 14 for lubrication on the sliding block 13 do not extend beyond the outer sliding plane 15 in the frame of the yoke assembly.

Structurally, it is possible to install double-acting cylinders 4 on the ends of the housing one at a time (Fig. 1) or cylinders 4, 5 in tandem (Fig. 2). At the same time, in two cylinders of a four-stroke engine between the heads and double-acting pistons, four volumes are obtained for the simultaneous execution of four strokes of work. For the design in fig. 1: AT ii A4 - the volume between the outer head 19 of cylinder 4 and piston 6; Аг, AZ - the volume between the piston 6 and the cylinder head 9. For construction

From in fig. 2: AT - volume between the outer head 19 of cylinder 4 and piston 6; A2 - volume between piston 6 and head 10 of cylinder 5; AZ - the volume between the head 10 of the cylinder 4 and the piston 6; A4 is the volume between piston 6 and head 9 of cylinder 5.

During the combustion of the fuel mixture in the volume A7, the gas pressure energy is used to suck in the fresh charge in the volume A2 and push out the spent gases from the volume AZ.

The compression of the fresh charge in the volume A4 helps to stop the inertial reciprocating movement of the mass of the pistons b and rods 7 with the yoke frame 11, without using the energy of rotation of the shaft 2. An unspent part of the gas pressure energy from the piston 6 through the rod 7 to the yoke frame 11 is used to convert the reciprocating movement of the yoke frame 11 with the help of the slider block 13 on the crank C into a rotary one. motor shaft 2 motion.

At the same time, the inertia of rotation of shaft 2 experiences minimal loads of variable sign and does not participate in the suction of a fresh charge, the expulsion of exhaust gases, the stopping of the inertial reciprocating movement of the mass of pistons 6 and rods 7 with the yoke frame 11. In the closest analogue, a lateral force perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 2 from the slider block 13 on the crank From the shaft 2 in the housing 11 of the yoke frame, accept the bushings 8 of the rods 7 in the housing 1 of the engine and the cylinders 4 from the side surfaces of the pistons 6 in the high-temperature zone with a small amount of lubricant. In the claimed engine, a lateral force perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 2 from the slider block 13 on the crank shaft 2 in the housing 11 of the yoke frame is received by the side surfaces 16 of the housing 11 of the yoke frame in the guide surfaces 18 of the housing 1 of the engine with low temperature and the required amount lubricants This leads to a sharp decrease in mechanical losses, and, therefore, to a decrease in fuel consumption to obtain the necessary engine power and an increase in engine life. At the same time, we get more than 150 horsepower from one liter of engine volume.

Claims (4)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. An engine with a crank-slider mechanism, containing a housing, inside which a shaft with a crank is placed, and at least two cylinders with pistons on rods, the ends of which pass from the pistons through guide bushings and are connected to each other by means of a collar assembly, and the yoke unit consists of a body in the form of a frame with a rectangular cross-section and internal sliding guide surfaces for the slider block, located between them and installed with freedom of movement between the sliding and rotating guide surfaces on the shaft crank, while the slider block is made of two of connected halves with lubrication grooves, which is characterized by the fact that the guide bushings are located in the cylinder heads, the frame body of the collar assembly with side surfaces with lubrication grooves is installed between the guide surfaces of the engine body with freedom of movement along the axis of the cylinders with double-acting pistons, and lubrication grooves on the sliding block do not go beyond the plane of the internal guide surfaces and sliding in the frame of the yoke assembly. 2. An engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft has one or more cranks. 3. The engine according to claim 1, which differs in that it is made in two-stroke or four-stroke mode of operation. 4. The engine according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the cylinders with double-action pistons are installed on the ends of the housing one by one or in tandem. m i i se, De g OK EV i : OO o NIY . ok With VC and in Zk: TIRES te. In Okh y y shk Ko veny Za Ah m high school and we are about to enter the KEKV yet. On shi o Ko g sv Mo V |. zh She m SHKEKH what xx shi: she shi: shi and VC Ov - pot from Od all SDN I OK ra ШY they o o I o p sv Z she KB x V oh VIya e vay y i o i e Z o ve s I what shchi yah Oh g dk Z NI KoYA And more. and I have a 05-day NN. х ши ше АК ой я рев PO NE KV о В Я . I Koch Z V KO OKU Pi Fig. 1