UA141131U - METHOD OF EXCITING AN EXTENSIVE BANDWIDE ANTENNA WITH SHIMPING POLARIZATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of excitation of an ultra-wideband antenna with flickering polarization is that the information unipolar pulse signal is divided in half, one part of which is sequentially inverted, delayed for a time equal to half the duration of the monopulse. Both monopulse signals excite, respectively, both adjacent antennas, the electromagnetic fields of which interfere, emitting a bipolar electromagnetic pulse in the common antenna array. Both generated information signals are fed directly to both adjacent antennas of the first antenna block, and to the other antenna block, identical to the first, but structurally rotated relative to the first by 90 ° and connected to the broadband unipolar pulse signal generator, is fed through delay lines. The value of the delay is half the period of pulses from the generator of the broadband unipolar pulse signal.

Description

The utility model belongs to the field of radio engineering, in particular to antenna technology, and can be used during the development of ultra-wideband antennas for transport and mobile communication systems.

The closest in technical essence to the declared technical solution is the design of the antenna and the method of its excitation, which is provided in the US patent (05 Mo 4843403, IPC NITOO 13/00, 1989. In the known technical solution, the information pulse signal is converted into a linearly polarized electromagnetic field, which are distributed to a number of channels with subsequent excitation of the corresponding horn emitters.

However, the disadvantage of the known method is the large losses of the electromagnetic field during its distribution, which does not allow obtaining a low level of internal reflections of the electromagnetic field in the entire operating frequency range of the ultra-wideband antenna, and the use of linear polarization of radiation significantly limits the radius of the electromagnetic field radiation, especially for systems transport and mobile communications. This is due to the level of coincidence of the axis of the receiving antenna with the direction of polarization. The smaller the level of coincidence of the axis of the receiving antenna of the transport or mobile communication system with the direction of polarization, the lower the level of the signal given in the receiving antenna of the mobile communication system |Drabkin A.L. etc. Antenna-feeder device. - Ed. 2nd, add. and reworked - M.: "Soviet Radio", 1974).

The antenna provided in the patent (RF

Mo 2052878, IPC NOTO 21/00 dated 01.04.93, 1989). The ultra-broadband antenna has a flat dielectric base with metallized layers, in which the excitation system is made, and the radiating openings associated with it, which are made of horn emitters. The presence of two emitters with linear polarization and a phase shift of 90 harmonic electromagnetic oscillations makes it possible to obtain radiation with rotating polarization.

This makes it possible to partially eliminate the shortcomings that are characteristic of transport and mobile communication systems. However, this solution is used to excite antennas and emit narrow-band harmonic electromagnetic oscillations, and it is unsuitable for digital technologies. The known antenna is excited in a wide frequency band, however, it does not allow to obtain a low level of internal reflection of the electromagnetic field throughout

From the operating range of frequencies and to avoid losses of the electromagnetic field, which limits the radius of action of radiation: broadband electromagnetic field. Due to the arbitrary location in space of the receiving and transmitting antennas relative to the polarization vector of the electromagnetic information signal circulating in space, which is inherent in transport and mobile communication systems, the radius of action of the information signal radiation is also significantly limited.

The useful model is based on the task of increasing the radius of action of ultra-broadband electromagnetic radiation for transport and mobile communication systems.

The task is solved in the method of excitation of an ultra-broadband antenna with flickering polarization, in which, according to a useful model, the informational unipolar pulse signal is divided in half, one part of which is successively inverted, delayed for a time equal to half the duration of the monopulse, and both monopulse signals are excited, respectively antennas are located next to each other, the electromagnetic fields of which interfere, emitting a bipolar electromagnetic pulse in the common antenna opening, and both generated information signals are sent directly to both adjacent antennas of the first antenna block, and to another antenna block, identical to the first, but structurally turned relative to the first by 90 " and connected to the generator of a broadband unipolar pulse signal, is fed through delay lines, and the delay value is half the period of arrival of pulses from the generator of a broadband unipolar pulse signal.

Implementation of the proposed ultra-broadband antenna with flickering polarization and the method of its excitation is carried out as follows.

The composition of the first block of antennas includes two emitters, each of which is an expanding gap, the width of which changes according to the exponential law, a signal splitter, an inverter and a delay line, and the first of the radiating gaps is connected directly to the first output of the signal splitter, and the second - to another output through an inverter and a delay line, the delay value of which is equal to half the duration of the monopulse; another block of antennas includes two emitters, each of which is an expanding gap, the width of which changes according to the exponential law, a signal splitter, an inverter and a delay line, and the first of the radiating gaps is connected directly to the first output of the signal splitter, and the second - to another output through an inverter and a delay line, the delay value of which is equal to half the duration of the monopulse, and the first and second antenna blocks are located orthogonally to each other, the first block of antennas is connected directly to the generator, and the other - through a delay line, the value of which is half the period arrival of pulses from the ultra-broadband unipolar pulse signal generator.

In more detail, the first of two antenna units, each of which constitutes two broadband antennas, is connected to a broadband unipolar pulse signal generator.

The informational unipolar signal is divided in half, one part of which is successively inverted, delayed for a time equal to half the duration of the monopulse, and the two monopulse signals respectively excite both side-by-side antennas located on a single dielectric base. Electromagnetic fields of two unipolar pulses interfere in the equivalent common opening of both antennas, exciting in it the electromagnetic field of a bipolar pulse.

Another block of antennas is identical to the first one, but structurally rotated relative to the first one by 90" and connected to the generator of a broadband unipolar pulse signal through delay lines, and the delay value is half the period of arrival of pulses from the generator of a broadband unipolar pulse signal.

In this way, a sequence of monocycles is formed in the common antenna space of both units, the polarization of which changes successively from pulse to pulse by 90", creating a flickering polarization of the information signal. Depending on the mutual location of the polarization vector of the electromagnetic signal and the receiving antenna of the vehicle, the level of the given signal is ІВзнсе З. F. Influence of electromagnetic fields on the screening of cables: Translated from English / Under the editorship of L.D. Razumov - Moscow: Radio and Communication, 1982 - 120 p., page 39 | changes proportionally to the directionality function: - for vertical polarization of the information signal

Ω (ф, Ф) «vip ф со5 ф/(1-со5 ху со5 Ф), (1) - for horizontal polarization of the information signal:

Om bu, Ф) - vip Ф / (1-сСо53.у со5 Ф), (2) where: уу - angle of elevation;

Ff - azimuth angle.

Analysis of the ratio (1, 2) shows that depending on the type of linear polarization

From the information signal, the function Оу (y, Ф) changes from 0 to 2.4, which excludes reception of the signal with some combinations of the mutual orientation of the vectors. At the same time, the use of flickering polarization allows the use of both types of polarization, excluding combinations in which the signal will be absent. At the same time, the directionality function Yuu (y, F) will be in the range from 1 to 2.4, which more than doubles the radius of action of electromagnetic radiation.

In fig. 1 shows the scheme of an ultra-broadband antenna with flickering polarization, where: 1 - generator of a broadband unipolar pulse signal; 2 - dielectric base; 3-1, 3-2 - metallized layers; 4-1, 4-2 - excitation systems; 5-1, 5-2 - radiating openings; 6 - signal distributor combined with an inverter; 7 - delay line; 8 - the first block of antennas; 9 - the second block of antennas; 10, 11 - delay lines.

The ultra-broadband antenna with flickering polarization has two antenna units, each of which has a single strip dielectric base 2 with metallized layers 3, in which the excitation system 4 is made, and the radiating openings 5 associated with them, each of which is an expanding gap, the width which changes according to the exponential law, the signal distributor combined with the inverter, 6 and the delay line 7. At the same time, the first of the radiating openings 5-1 is connected directly to the first output B1 of the distributor 6, and the second 5-2 - to another output through the inverter , which is combined with the signal distributor 6, and the delay line 7, the delay value of which is equal to half the duration of the monopulse. The first of the antenna units 8 is directly connected to the generator of unipolar pulse signals 1. The second antenna unit 9 is located orthogonally to the first 8 and is connected to the generator of unipolar pulse signals 1 through delay lines 10, 11.

The implementation of the method of excitation of the ultra-broadband antenna with flickering polarization is carried out as follows.

The informational unipolar pulse information signal is divided in half, one part of which is successively inverted, delayed for a time equal to half the duration of the monopulse, and both signals are respectively excited by both adjacent antennas, the electromagnetic fields of which interfere, emitting a bipolar electromagnetic pulse in the common antenna opening, and both the generated information signals are fed directly to both side-by-side antennas of the first antenna unit, and to another antenna unit, identical to the first one, but structurally turned relative to the first one by 90" and connected to a broadband unipolar pulse signal generator, it is fed through delay lines, and the delay value is half period of arrival of pulses from the broadband unipolar pulse signal generator.

In more detail, the informational unipolar pulse signal from the generator 1 directly enters the first unit of antennas 8 of the signal distributor 6, which divides it in half. The signal distributor would be created by a series connection of the same non-inductive resistors NO! and 82. From the first output HB1 of the signal distributor, a single-pulse signal is fed directly to the excitation system 4-1, creating a single-pulse electromagnetic field in the radiating opening 5-1. At the same time from another exit

B2 of the signal divider, the inverted single-pulse signal is fed through the delay line 7 to the excitation system 4-2, creating in the radiating opening 5-2 an inverted single-pulse electromagnetic field delayed for half the duration of the single-pulse signal. The delay line 7 is a segment of a uniform transmission line of a given length (A.L. Feldshtein et al. Handbook of waveguide technology elements. - 2nd ed. - M.: Sov.

Radio, 1967. - S. Coll., fig. 1.18). The electromagnetic fields of the two unipolar pulses of the main and inverted pulses interfere in the equivalent general opening of the antenna, exciting the electromagnetic field of the bipolar pulse in it.

At the same time, the information unipolar pulse signal from the generator 1 arrives through the delay lines 10, 11 to another block of antennas 9, which has a similar structure and is structurally located orthogonally to the first block.

In fig. 2 shows a diagram of the orthogonal arrangement of antenna units 8 and 9.

The technical result of the implementation of the declared useful model in comparison with the nearest analogue is the increase of the radius of action of broadband electromagnetic radiation by more than two times due to the creation of an ultra-short bipolar pulse signal with flickering polarization in the opening of the antennas.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA Koo) The method of excitation of an ultra-broadband antenna with flickering polarization, which differs in that the information unipolar pulse signal is divided in half, one part of which is successively inverted, delayed for a time equal to half the duration of the monopulse, and both monopulse signals respectively excite both adjacent antennas, the electromagnetic fields of which interfere, radiating a bipolar electromagnetic pulse in the common antenna opening, and both generated information signals are sent directly to both adjacent antennas of the first antenna block, and to another antenna block, identical to the first, but structurally turned relative to the first by 90" and connected to generator of a broadband unipolar pulse signal, is fed through delay lines, and the delay value is half of the period of arrival of pulses from the generator of a broadband unipolar pulse signal.