UA13756U - Equipment for acoustic signal transfer to surface from the face of mine working - Google Patents

Abstract

Equipment for transfer of acoustic signal from the face of mine working to the surface has the underground part, this comprises connected in sequence seismic receiver, modulator and appliance for signal transfer through pair line, and surface section with block for signal restoration. The underground part is equipped with control unit; at that as modulator one uses frequency modulator, to one of its inputs the input of the control unit is connected. The surface section is equipped with controller for amplification of signals coming from the underground part and indicator of the state of communication line connected to the last one. At that both parts are equipped with units for telephone communication.

Description

Description of the invention

The proposed technical solution belongs to the mining industry and can be used to 2 ensure the safe exploitation of coal seams.

The ZUA-98 acoustic signal transmission apparatus with the extraction of mining products to the surface is known, which contains a converter of elastic vibrations into an electrical signal (seismic receiver), a device for modulating the current signal for its transmission to the surface via a two-wire line, and a unit for reproducing the signal on the surface. The frequency range of the equipment is 150-10000Hz, the dynamic range is 7bdb | see "Testing of the experimental sample 70 of the ZUA-98 sound-detecting apparatus", "Coal in the country", Mokh, 1999).

The main drawback of the known equipment, defined as a prototype, is that it does not allow transmitting a signal to the surface from more than one device for reception and conversion of vibrations on one two-wire line. Meanwhile, the need to transmit information from several sensors over one two-wire line is due to organizational and economic reasons. 12 In addition, the disadvantage is that the depth of studies of coal-bearing rocks when using the acoustic signal spectrum does not exceed 16.7 m due to the limitation of the lower frequency range of 150 Hz.

There is a disadvantage of the equipment. as well as the presence of interference, which, in the case of inductive communication, is introduced during the transmission of a signal over a two-wire line.

Another disadvantage of the equipment is that the miner, who controls the technological processes in the pit of the production, does not have the opportunity to receive information from the operator who processes the signal on the surface.

The lack of information, in turn, excludes the use of equipment in determining the size of the unloading zone and operational management of hydraulic loosening, solving other mining and geological tasks in accordance with Makndi programs.

In addition, the known equipment does not monitor the state of the communication line, that is, it does not determine the presence of leakage current, short circuit or line break. in

The basis of a useful model is the task of creating an apparatus for transmitting an acoustic signal from the extraction of mining to the surface, in which a change in the circuit solution made it possible to transmit a signal from two or more signal reception and conversion devices, to ensure interference suppression and communication between the mining master and the operator, which controls the computer, which, in turn, made it possible to improve the control of the state of the coal massif, and, therefore, to increase the safety of mining operations. yu

The task is solved due to the fact that the equipment for transmitting an acoustic signal from the mining pit to the surface, which contains an underground part, consisting of a seismograph, a modulator and a device for transmitting a signal via a two-wire line, and a ground part connected in series , which contains a unit for signal reproduction, according to the useful model" the underground part is equipped with a controller

With the device, while a frequency modulator is used as a modulator, the output of the control device is connected to one of its inputs, and the ground part is equipped with a regulator for amplifying signals coming from the underground part and a communication line status indicator connected to the latter, while both parts are equipped with devices for telephone communication. "

The figure shows a block diagram of the proposed equipment. WITH

The equipment consists of the underground part A and the ground part - B. The underground part A includes the series-connected seismograph 1, amplifier 2, device

From" frequency modulation Z, control device 4, device 5 for telephone communication and two-wire communication line 6.

The composition of the ground part B includes a two-wire communication line 6, a demodulator 7, a device 8 for adjusting the underground amplifier, a device 9 for monitoring the state of the communication line, an intrinsically safe power source 42 10, a device 11 for telephone communication. - The proposed equipment works like this. Co. Seismic receiver 1, which converts the elastic vibrations of the massif into an electrical signal, is fixed in a coal seam or coal-bearing rocks. and The electrical signal enters the device 2, the amplification factor of which is adjusted from the surface by the device sl 20 8. Then the amplified signal undergoes frequency modulation in the device C, which has at least two fixed carrier frequencies. Device 4 generates signals to control the program used to process the signal.

During the arrival of the control signal to the modulation device C, the seismic receiver is turned off to eliminate the distorting influence of its signal. 25 Device 5 for telephone communication allows you to call the operator and conduct negotiations with him in simplex mode, while also interrupting the signal from the seismic receiver.

On the communication line 6, the signal enters the ground unit B, in which it is demodulated by the unit 7, after which the signal is sent to a personal computer for processing and to a speaker for control listening. 60 Device 9 for monitoring the state of the communication line allows you to determine a line break, a short circuit and an unacceptably large current leakage to the ground.

Communication with the miner in the hole is carried out using device 11. Intrinsically safe power source 10 provides power to the blocks of part A along the communication line. The blocks of part B are powered by the general industrial network with a voltage of 2208 and a frequency of 50 Hz. because Device C for frequency modulation allows transmitting an acoustic signal, for example, on a carrier frequency

75 kHz, or 85 kHz, or 95 kHz. The modulator of the underground transmitting and ground receiving units is tuned to one of the frequencies. During the transmission of acoustic signals from two or three underground units, the modulator in the receiving units is adjusted accordingly.

Frequency modulation during the transmission of the acoustic signal to the surface allows you to lower the lower limit of the frequency range to 20Hz, thereby increasing the depth of the study of coal-bearing rocks up to 125m, since there is such a relationship between the frequency of natural oscillations of the rock layer and its power:

AND

70 where is the frequency of natural oscillations of the layer, Hz; s - speed of transverse waves, m/s;

A - the thickness of the column, m.

Device 8 for adjusting the gain allows you to maximize the amplitude of the useful signal coming directly from the seismograph 1. Thus, plicative interference is minimized, which /5 Occurs in the communication line, the length of which reaches 10 km, and the immunity of the acoustic signal, which is transmitted for processing

The telephone communication devices 5 and 11 provide two-way simplex communication between the miner in the pit of the mine and the operator who processes the acoustic signal on a personal computer and is on the surface. Some of Makndi's methods require control of the information processing process and obtaining its results in real time. In addition, the device is used to communicate with the surface in the event of a mine telephone failure.

The control device 4, for which a signal generator is used, allows the miner, who is in the pit, to carry out the process of processing the acoustic signal on a personal computer, to stop it during the occurrence of any obstacles, emergency situations, deviations from the technology of work, etc. and finish processing. The set of signals differs in frequency, duration and combination.

Device 9 for monitoring the communication line signals a line break, a short circuit, and unacceptably large current leaks to the ground.

Structurally, the equipment consists of a seismograph block in which devices 1, 2, 3 are located, a portable remote control with devices 4 and 5, and a ground block in which devices 7-11 are located. Gezo The block of the seismic receiver has a cylindrical shape and is placed in a hole with a diameter of 4 mm.

APSS equipment is designed to provide acoustic methods developed in McNDD. o 1. A method of automated control of hazardous emissions in preparatory and cleaning pits according to the parameters of the man-made acoustic signal. 2. The method of determining the size of the unloading zone in blowouts of hazardous coal seams according to the parameters of the acoustic signal. "- 3. A method of operational management of the process of hydraulic loosening of a coal seam. 4. The method of borehole-less control of the distance to the hazardous coal seam. 5. The method of forecasting methane breakthroughs from the bottom of the mine workings.

For example, the method of controlling the emission hazard is carried out as follows. "

At a distance of 20-40 m from the hole in a hole with a diameter of 43-45 mm at a depth of 0.5-0.7 m, a block of seismic receiver is placed, which is pressed against the upper wall of the hole with a wedge, ensuring reliable contact with the massif. The output connector of the seismic receiver unit is connected to the intercom unit, and the latter - ;" to the signal transmission line to the surface. On the surface, in a special room of the forecasting service, a ground unit is installed that receives the signal, the output signal from which is transferred to a personal computer for processing according to the program developed in MakndDI. - The man-made signal is processed during the entire cycle of the coal mining combine.

Using the device 5, the mining master informs the operator about the start of the cycle. The operator includes a real-time audio signal processing program. After the completion of the harvester -I, the mining foreman asks the operator about the results of the emission hazard control. When the forecast is "not dangerous"

You can start the next cycle of coal extraction. o An experimental sample of APSS 1 acoustic signal transmission equipment was manufactured at CJSC NVP

F "Integral" and tested at AP "Shakhta named after A.F. Zasyadka7" OJSC "Shakhta "Komsomolets Donbasu", "Krasnoarmiiska - Zahidna Mo 1" and others.

Claims (1)

Formulation of the invention c Apparatus for transmitting an acoustic signal from a mining outcrop to the surface, which contains an underground part consisting of a series-connected seismograph, a modulator and a device for transmitting a signal to a two-wire line, and an above-ground part containing a block for reproducing the signal, which differs in that the underground part is equipped with a control device, while a frequency modulator is used as a modulator, with one of the inputs of which the output of the control device is connected, and the above-ground part is equipped with a regulator for amplifying signals coming from the underground part and a line status indicator communication, attached to the last one, while both parts are equipped with devices for telephone communication. b5