UA135880U - METHOD OF SIMULATION OF SUBQUEOUS FRACTURE OF RIB - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of modeling a subaxial fracture of the rib includes the following steps by pressing on the chest. At the same time, the rib is released from the soft tissues, it is sawn obliquely along the front surface of the rib with a wire saw to a thickness and a fracture is made.

Description

A useful model belongs to experimental medicine, in particular to the modeling of pathological processes, and can be used in the study of rib fracture, fracture regeneration and determining the effectiveness of corrective effects.

It is known that rib fractures occur during a fall, a direct blow to the ribs, or when the chest wall is crushed (1). Rib fractures are often simulated by chest compression.

The disadvantage of the known method is the insufficient level of informativeness and reproducibility, which results primarily from the insufficient level of selective damage to the ribs, as well as the occurrence of possible complications: bleeding from damaged intercostal vessels, pneumothorax, hemothorax, damage to the lungs, pericardium, heart.

The basis of a useful model is the task of improving the known method in which, by changing the technology of reproduction of the pathological process, aimed at reducing the degree of surgical trauma, changing the functional state of the fractured rib and directed correction of the homeostatic function, an increase in the level of reproducibility and informativeness is achieved.

The task is solved by the fact that the method of modeling a subaxial rib fracture includes the following actions by pressing on the chest. At the same time, the rib is freed from the soft tissues, it is cut into 2 thicknesses with a wire saw suboxus along the front surface of the rib and a fracture is performed.

When solving the technical problem, it was taken into account that the simulation of rib fractures by chest compression is difficult to control, they can lead to bleeding from damaged intercostal vessels, pneumothorax, hemothorax, lung, pericardium, heart damage. Carrying out a subaxial rib fracture reduces the degree of operative trauma, eliminates the complications listed above.

The method is carried out as follows. A pig of the Vietnamese breed (a male weighing 6.8 kg) was anesthetized with an intravenous injection of 5 95 sodium thiopental solution at a rate of 25 mg/kg of weight. The animal is fixed to the operating table on the left side, the fur on the chest on the right is shaved, the operating field is treated with alcohol and iodine, and surgical access to the fourth rib is performed. The rib is exposed from soft tissues, in the middle of the rib along its upper and lower edges periosteal incisions 5-7 mm long are made. Through the specified incisions, the periosteum on the front surface of the rib is separated and a wire saw is passed through it, which

They perform an autopsy of half of the rib. They take out a wire saw and press on this rib.

A subaxial rib fracture occurs without displacement. After that, soft tissues are connected layer by layer. A rib fracture was diagnosed and evaluated radiologically.

Example 1. A mature male pig of the Vietnamese breed weighing 6.6 kg. Enter into anesthesia by intravenous administration of 595 sodium thiopental solution at the rate of 25 mg/kg of weight.

The animal is fixed to the operating table on the left side, the fur on the chest on the right is shaved, the operating field is treated with alcohol and iodine, and surgical access to the fourth rib is performed. The rib is stripped of soft tissues 3 cm long, in the middle of the rib along its upper and lower edges periosteal incisions 5-7 mm long are made. Through the specified incisions, the periosteum on the front surface of the rib is separated and a wire saw is passed through, which is used to dissect half of the rib. They take out a wire saw and press on this rib.

A subaxial rib fracture occurs without displacement. After that, soft tissues are connected layer by layer. A rib fracture was diagnosed and evaluated radiologically.

Example 2. According to the proposed method, a subaxial rib fracture was simulated in 4 sexually mature male pigs of the Vietnamese breed. The results of the study are shown in the table.

In all experimental animals, a subaxial fracture of the 4th rib without displacement was radiologically diagnosed.

Table

Researched animals. animals (100 9b).

Fractures of the 4th and 5th ribs were diagnosed in 2

Control (simulation of animals (50 95), in 1 one pig (25 95) fractures of 2 rib fractures by pressure on, 4 )|indicated ribs and pneumothorax, in 1 (25 9) chest wall) of animals rib fractures, pneumothorax and damage the lungs

In the 2nd observation group (4 animals, where a rib fracture was simulated by pressure on the chest wall), two pigs were radiologically diagnosed with right-sided fractures of the 4th and 5th ribs.

One animal (25 95) was also found to have fractures of the indicated ribs and pneumothorax, and one pig (2595) was diagnosed with displaced fractures of the 4th and 5th ribs on the right, pneumothorax and damage to the right lung, which was complicated by bleeding.

Therefore, the proposed method of modeling a subaxial rib fracture provides a higher level of reproduction of the experimental model compared to the prototype, and can be used in scientific research.

Source of information: 1. Kelemen I.Ya., Savula M.M., Didyk V.S. Multiple rib fractures. Surgical tactics // Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Medicine series. - 2011. - Issue 40. - pp. 212-214.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of modeling a subaxial rib fracture, which includes the following actions by pressing on the chest, which is distinguished by the fact that the rib is freed from soft tissues, subaxially along the front surface of the rib with a wire saw, it is sprayed to a thickness of 72 and the fracture is performed.