UA134389U - INSTRUMENT FOR FORMATION OF NANOSTRUCTURAL STRENGTHENED SURFACES OF MACHINE PARTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The tool for forming nanostructured hardened surface layers of machine parts is made of stainless steel or titanium alloy, in the form of a disk with a working surface on its periphery and a planting hole in the form of a Morse cone. On the work surface of the tool are cut in equal numbers inclined right and left slots at an angle of EMBED Equation.3 in the amount of: EMBED Equation.3.

Description

The useful model belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, to the means of obtaining surface nanocrystalline structures due to intensive thermoplastic deformation during high-speed friction and can be used for surface strengthening of the working surfaces of steel and cast iron machine parts to increase wear resistance, resistance to corrosion-erosion and fatigue failure. It can be used in machine building, engine building, machine tool building, oil and gas extraction industries, etc.

A well-known tool for obtaining strengthened nanostructured surface layers of machine parts, which by design is a steel disc with a conical landing hole and a smooth working surface on its periphery, which is used in friction processing, which is analogous to grinding (flat or circular) in process kinematics and is carried out on grinding machines or special machines | (Babey Yu.Y. Physical principles of impulse hardening of steel and cast iron. - Kyiv: Nauk. Dumka, 1988. - P. 22-24.

In the process of friction machining, the surface layers of machine parts are heated at high speed to temperatures above the point of phase transformations during high-speed friction of the tool on the machined part in the area of their contact. At the same time, shear deformation of the contact zone takes place in the direction of the tool rotation speed vector. After moving the contact zone, high-speed cooling of the surface layer of the metal takes place due to the removal of heat into the depth of the processed part.

The thickness of the strengthened layer is obtained by Dyvmuka (100-150 μm), and the parameters of the quality of the treated surface are low, at 25..LemkM.

A well-known tool with a smooth working surface for obtaining strengthened nanostructured surface layers of machine parts, made of titanium alloy or stainless steel, in the form of a disc with a working surface on the periphery and a landing hole in the form of a Morse cone (patent Mo 42155 SHA. Kirillov V.I. H.M. Nikyforchyn, Tool for Obtaining Nanocrystalline Structures by High-Speed Friction, Published June 25, 2009, Bull. Mo 121.

The design of this tool is difficult to manufacture.

The tool ensures a low productivity of the machining process, and a machined surface with high roughness is obtained. The quality of the finished surface is low

Зо (Ва - ибмкм), When using such a tool, a constant heat flow of energy is formed in the area of its contact with the processed surface, since the working surface of the tool is continuous. During the passage of the fingers through the tool-part contact zone, a partial change in its shear unidirectional deformation occurs.

The useful model is based on the task of developing a design of a tool for the formation of nanostructured reinforced surface layers of machine parts, in which the new working surface of the disc will enable cyclic heat flow and additional sign-changing shear deformation of the tool-part contact zone in the direction perpendicular to the circular velocity vector of the working surface tool Due to this, pulses of thermal energy and shear deformation will act in the contact zone, which will contribute to the formation of a strengthened layer of increased thickness and improve the quality parameters of the treated surfaces, increase the wear resistance of the strengthened working surfaces of the parts, as well as the stability of the tool.

The task is solved by the fact that the tool for forming nanostructured reinforced surface layers of machine parts is made of stainless steel or titanium alloy, in the form of a disk with a working surface on its periphery and a landing hole in the form of a Morse cone, according to a useful model, on the working surface of the tool are cut in an even number of multi-directional inclined right and left grooves at an angle of Э - 302...607 in number: pe t de О - outer diameter of the tool, mm;

BO Y.. the circular pitch of the grooves, which is S - in o(o)kumm:

B. width of the working surface of the tool, mm; o - the angle of inclination of the grooves, degrees; - tool slot width, /! 7 (2..20)-s, mm.

C - width of the tool-part contact zone, mm.

When using a tool with multi-directional inclined grooves cut on its working surface during friction machining of machine parts in the contact zone of the tool-

part, additional impact loads and variable shear deformations occur.

During the passage of the groove over the tool-part contact zone, the contact between them is broken, and the action of the heat flow source is momentarily interrupted. When a new smooth surface comes into contact, the action of the source of heat flow is renewed. In this case, there is a cyclic effect of the heat flow, and due to the change in the direction of the groove, there is a change in the deformation of the surface layer of the metal. In the zone of contact between the tool and the part, a complex and stressed state of the metal occurs. In addition to the shear deformation in the direction of the rotation speed vector of the working surface of the tool, there is also alternating multidirectional deformation in the direction perpendicular to the direction of rotation. This design of the working surface of the tool leads to a repeatedly repeated process of deformation of the surface layer of the metal of the parts, which allows: to obtain a high degree of deformation and intensify the processes of shear deformation of the surface layer. Due to intensive deformation of the processed surface of machine parts, nanocrystalline structures in the form of white layers with improved physical and mechanical properties are formed in their surface layers. The quality parameters of the processed surface are improved, the component forces of interaction between the tool and the parts in the area of their contact are reduced, which contributes to reducing the power spent on the processing process.

In fig. 1 shows a contact diagram of a tool for forming nanostructured reinforced surface layers of machine parts with a workpiece, in fig. 2 shows a drawing of a tool for forming nanostructured reinforced surface layers of machine parts, in Fig. C shows a section A-A of the groove of the tool in fig. 2, on which 1 is a tool, 2 is a groove on the tool, C is a workpiece, 4 is a landing hole in the form of a Morse cone, 5 is the working surface of the tool, O is the outer diameter of the tool, B is the width of the tool, B is the width of the working surface (length of the contact zone), | - the width of the groove, c - the width of the tool-part contact zone.

A tool for forming reinforced nanostructured surface layers of machine parts 7, made of titanium alloy or stainless steel, in the form of a disk with a working surface on its periphery 5 and a landing hole in the form of a Morse cone 4, on the working surface of which multidirectional right and left grooves 2 are cut.

The tool for forming reinforced nanostructured surface layers of machine parts works as follows. Friction machining belongs to the methods of surface strengthening of machine parts using highly concentrated energy flows, which are formed in the tool-part contact zone during high-speed (60-90 m/s and more) friction of the metal tool on the machined surface. Friction machining is similar to grinding in terms of process kinematics. For processing flat surfaces, modernized surface grinding machines of rotating bodies - circular grinding machines or specially developed equipment based on a lathe are used. The tool is mounted directly on the spindle taper to reduce runout. When the tool 1 rubs against the processed part C in the area of their contact, local heating of the surface layers of the metal takes place to temperatures above the point of phase transformations (900-1300 K). A technological environment is supplied to the processing zone, which eliminates the sticking of the tool 1 and the processed surface, improves the quality parameters of the processed surface. Since the tool-part contact zone is small, high-speed cooling takes place due to heat dissipation into the depth of the part. Structural and phase transformations occur in the surface layers of parts, which affect the formation of white layers. They have a nanocrystalline structure, the grain size is 20-60 nm near the treated surface, and the layer thickness is 100-500 μm with an increased hardness of 8-11.5 GPa, depending on the treated material and treatment modes. The tool-part contact zone is loaded by the normal component of the interaction force, which presses the tool 1 to the processed surface and is equal to 300-1500 N during the passage of the smooth working surface of the tool through the contact zone and equal to zero - during the passage of the groove 2.

During the passage of groove 2 over the tool-part contact zone, the action of the heat flow source stops and the contact zone is unloaded. When the smooth working surface of the tool 1 comes into contact in the contact zone, the action of the heat flow source is renewed. The smooth surface comes into contact at an angle of inclination of the cut grooves 2, which are in different directions. This action of the grooves 2 on the working surface 5 causes alternating sign-changing deformation of the contact zone on the processed surface of the part, which leads to an increase in shear deformation of the surface layer of the metal, and this, in turn, to grinding of the grain of the formed hardened layer. Inclined multidirectional grooves 2, cut on the working surface of the tool 5, also contribute to the supply of the technological medium to the tool-part contact zone, which improves the quality parameters of the machined surface of the part (Table). The stability of the tool (the time between adjacent strokes of the working surface) increases, which positively affects the productivity of the hardening process.

Table

Dependencies of the parameters of the strengthened layer when processed with different tools. Thickness Roughness. Hardness, and .

The type of tool hPa of the strengthened layer, treated surface

MKM Va, μm

Tool for forming nanostructurally strengthened surface layers of machine parts 11.5 350 (with inclined grooves

Tool for obtaining nanocrystalline structures by high-speed friction ( (with 10.5 290 1.0 insert fingers)

A tool for friction strengthening of the surface layers of machine parts (with a smooth 91 150 125 working surface)

The proposed tool is simple in design, reliable in operation, and has high stability. The use of the proposed tool increases the quality of the treated surface by 1.5-2.5 times compared to the analog and the closest analog. The use of the tool makes it possible to obtain nanocrystalline structures in the form of white layers on the surface of machine parts with improved tribological properties - a low coefficient of friction and high wear resistance. The service life of such parts increases by 2-3 times compared to hardened and low-tempered parts.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA A tool for forming nanostructured reinforced surface layers of machine parts, which is made of stainless steel or titanium alloy, in the form of a disc with a working surface on its periphery and a landing hole in the form of a Morse cone, which is characterized by the fact that on the working surface of the tool, an even number of multidirectional inclined right and left grooves at an angle of 2: 307..807 in number: pi- t- is, where O is the outer diameter of the tool, mm; - the circular pitch of the grooves, which is - B. to) no MM. B - width of the working surface of the tool, mm; is - the angle of inclination of the grooves, deg.; 251 - tool groove width, |-(2..20)-s, mm; c - width of the tool-part contact zone, mm.