UA132551U - METHOD OF INTRODUCING PLANT PROTECTION IN THE VIEW OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL WITH ENTOMOPHAGY - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of introducing plant protection products in the form of biological material containing entomophages, is carried out using an unmanned aerial vehicle - a drone containing a mechanism for introducing biological material and equipped with an altimeter, GPS-receiver and flight controller. A drone is assigned a flight program that contains data on the configuration of the field on which biological material is introduced, the direction of pursuits on the field, the distance between the pursuits, the frequency of introduction of biological material and the height of flight of the drone, and carry out a metered discharge of biological material to crops under a given program under flight time of the drone. In this case, the given altitude of the drone flight is maintained using the system of empirical obtaining information about the terrain. The accuracy of the drone's route is maintained using a GPS receiver. Deposits of biomaterials are carried out by the flight controller, depending on the distance traveled by the drone.

Description

nos yam OZ m;

VBysotomi Polyotny | And Maryna and R fosoeanno). E Mine I rshrut

Lidao controller | drone

Accuracy 30 SYA e Accuracy ZOM

Entry mechanism

A useful model belongs to the biological methods of plant protection using entomophagous parasites, which kill insect pests, using the latter as a source of nutrition for their offspring.

One of the most common types of entomophages is trichogram - a small insect that, as a larva, feeds on parasite eggs. This is how a natural and biologically safe process of parasite elimination takes place, which, in turn, helps to preserve the crop as much as possible.

Trichograma can be applied (settled) to protect against a complex of scoops, corn butterfly, meadow butterfly and other lepidopteran pests. It parasitizes the eggs of more than 60 types of pests. It is used on a wide range of agricultural (wheat, barley, corn, sunflower, peas, orchard, etc.) and ornamental and flower crops in open and closed soil conditions.

Trichogramma and other entomophages can be introduced by ground vehicles, for example, as described in the author's certificate of the USSR Mo 1113065.

There are known methods of introducing trichograms using aircraft. Thus, the method of distribution of trichograms according to the author's certificate of the USSR Mo 919645 includes placement of trichograms in the bunker of the aircraft. From the hopper, the biomaterial is introduced into the pipeline through the dosing device, where it is transported by the air flow to the nozzle that sprays the water.

Water absorbs the biomaterial and the mixture settles on the treated surface.

Recently, methods of dispersal of Trichogramma and other entomophages with the help of unmanned aerial vehicles have become widespread.

From the patent of Ukraine 34952 for a useful model, a single-engine unmanned aerial vehicle for plant protection is known, in the thickness of the wing of which channels of working organs are made, which are intended for throwing a dosed trichogram on agricultural crops.

Ukrainian patent No. 59279 for a useful model describes a method of mass distribution in agrocenosis of the parasite eggs of harmful insects Trichogramma Tgispodgatta ripioi Moeed., which is in the larval stage in the eggs of the host insect (biomaterial), by using an unmanned aerial vehicle model BLA-B-100.

The closest analogue to the claimed method is the method disclosed in

From pErv/Llymly uoshire.sotlmaisn?u-(45 pai4NriI.

The method includes introduction of biological material containing entomophages - trichogram, with the help of a mass-produced drone, which has a mechanism for introduction of biological material and is equipped with an altimeter, a ShReb receiver and a flight controller. The controller is given a flight program that contains data on the configuration of the field on which the application of biological material is carried out, the direction of the rows on the field, the distance between the rows, the frequency of the introduction of biological material and the flight height of the drone, and carries out a dosed release of biological material on agricultural crops according to the specified program under drone flight time.

The mass-produced drone allows you to maintain the flight height during the flight using a barometric altimeter, optical sensors, echo sensors and SRO, which in the complex gives the accuracy of maintaining the flight height within 3 m at a speed of up to 30 km/h.

The drone, using the data of the built-in SRO-receiver, ensures positioning accuracy up to 3 m. The next dose of biological material is applied on a timer.

Biological material is the larvae of an insect pest infected with entomophagous eggs, such as trichograms. It is quite expensive and therefore it is necessary to achieve its uniform dosage application.

The known method does not ensure accurate application with a defined dosage over the entire field array, as it does not allow maintaining the minimum permissible flight height of the drone, high accuracy of the route and the same distance between the points of application of biological material.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method that ensures uniform dosed application of plant protection agents in the form of biological material containing entomophages, in particular trichogram, which ultimately leads to an increase in the percentage of destroyed parasites and a decrease in crop yield loss.

The task is solved in the method of introducing plant protection products in the form of biological material containing entomophages, which is carried out with the help of a drone, which contains a mechanism for introducing biological material and is equipped with an altimeter, a SRO receiver and a flight controller, which is assigned a flight program that contains data about the configuration of the field on which biological material is applied, the direction of furrows on the field, the distance between furrows, the frequency of biological material furrowing and the height of the drone’s flight, and the dosed emission of biological material on agricultural crops is carried out according to the given 60 program during the flight of the drone, by according to the useful model, the set flight height of the drone is maintained using the system of empirically obtaining information about the terrain, the accuracy of the drone's route is maintained using the CP5O receiver, and the introduction of biomaterial is carried out according to the command from the flight controller, depending on the distance that the drone flew. saRBO-receiver can be used in a complex with VTK (Reai te Kipetaiis) technology.

The diagram shows the operation of the drone when introducing biological material. Before the flight, a flight program is set in the flight controller of the drone, which contains data about the place of start and landing, the flight route, which takes into account the configuration of the field on which the introduction of biological material is carried out. At the same time, the optimal direction of races on the field is determined.

Since the biological material is not all the same, depending on its characteristics, the distance between the furrows is chosen, taking into account the partial overlap and the frequency of introduction of the biological material. Set the minimum allowable flight height of the drone for a specific field.

After launching the drone, its operation is carried out in automatic mode. Thanks to the complex use of a barometric altimeter, LRO and a laser sensor - lidar (a system for empirically obtaining information about the terrain), the accuracy of maintaining the height at the level of 530 cm at a flight speed of up to 160 km/h is ensured, which allows you to fly in fields with a surface curvature of up to 45 degrees . At the same time, the drone flies by copying the topography of the area. This makes it possible to achieve the most uniform mode of application of biological material, as well as to prevent the wear of biological material by gusts of wind during the application process.

During the flight of the drone, the SRO-receiver installed on it can be used in combination with NTK technology (Neai uilete Kipetais). This makes it possible to obtain positioning accuracy along the route up to 30 cm (according to the VTK specification).

The frequency of introduction of the next portion of biological material is ensured by the operation of the flight controller and the introduction mechanism, that is, the next dose is introduced by command from the flight controller after flying a certain distance, which ensures the same distance between the introduction points regardless of the flight speed.

A field of confectionary sunflower of 100 hectares was treated by the method according to the useful model. The flight speed of the drone is 65 km/h, the flight height is 7 m. The distance between the rows was m, biological material was applied every 16 m, based on the application rate of 100,000

From entomophages per hectare. Moth larvae infected with trichogram eggs - Hispodgatta eymapezsepv were used as biological material. 75 95 parasites were destroyed.

When trichogram was applied to corn and sunflower, 65-70 95 parasites were destroyed.

That is, when applying the method, according to the useful model, a reduction in the yield loss of agricultural crops is achieved by more than 20 95.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of introducing plant protection products in the form of biological material containing entomophages, which is carried out with the help of an unmanned aerial vehicle - a drone, which contains a mechanism for introducing biological material and is equipped with an altimeter, a SRO receiver and a flight controller, which is assigned a flight program that contains data on the configuration of the field on which the introduction of biological material is carried out, the direction of the furrows on the field, the distance between the furrows, the frequency of the introduction of biological material and the height of the drone’s flight, and carry out the dosed emission of biological material on agricultural crops according to a given program during the flight of the drone, which differs in that , that the set flight height of the drone is maintained using the system of empirically obtaining information about the terrain, the accuracy of the drone's route is maintained using the SRO-receiver, and the introduction of biomaterial is carried out according to the command from the flight controller, depending on the distance that the drone has flown. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that the SRO-receiver is used in combination with VTK (Reai te Kipetaiis) technology. Height 5 m 0 m; fF Altimeter ex-- sec o Flight | . m Route th Lidgr | or contuler | about drone about ini nishche Tbchniste ZO Sm ; Muymost Kism " o Mechanism and application