UA131432U - AUTONOMOUS TRIGENERATION POWER PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

Autonomous three-generation energy installation of a moving object consists of solar modules of cylindrical shape, battery, charge-discharge controller, inverter, each solar module contains two coaxially arranged tubes of borosilicate glass, connected to each other by the formation of a vacuum bulb, a tube smaller in diameter. connected FEPs with output electrical contacts, solar modules are integrated into a battery with parallel connection of pairs of electrical contacts, connected through the charge-discharge controller to cumulator, to the other output of the controller are connected direct consumers directly, and AC consumers - through the inverter, in the cavity of a glass tube of smaller diameter coaxially located heat pipe with a cylindrical sealed housing made of thermally conductive material, such as a pure red copper, and inside the copper core, and a phase-filled working fluid such as ethanol (C2H5OH) has a partition in the center of the evaporation zone of the cylindrical body. In this case, it contains an absorption refrigerator attached to the battery tank.

Description

The useful model belongs to renewable energy using solar energy for trigeneration - simultaneous production of cold, heat and electric energy.

A well-known solar energy installation of a vehicle (Pat. 53193 OA. MPK VbOY. 8/00. - Publ. 15.01.2003, Byul Mo 1), which contains a battery that combines a housing with solar concentrators and photoelectric converters (FEP) in the form of cut hollow spheres located in the housing, which increases the useful area of the battery and increases the specific energy yield. The disadvantage of the installation is overheating of the FEP by concentrated solar radiation and a decrease in efficiency due to overheating.

Known solar photovoltaic module (PEM) (Pat. KO Mo 775540, IPK E24.) 3/02. -

Publ. 30.10.1980), containing a concentrating system and a FEM, is located in the lower part of the cooling chamber, which works on the principle of a thermosyphon, with a coolant having a low boiling point. The disadvantage of the known solar FEM is the complexity of the concentrator, which makes it impossible to use it in the system of orientation to the Sun.

A known heat pipe (Pat. KO Mo 9088801, IPC P280 15/02, 280 15/00. - Publ. 20.01.2010), in the form of a separate metal body made of stainless steel with a polished inner surface, welded on both sides, filled under vacuum coolant with a phase transition. The disadvantage is the lack of a "wick" system, which reduces the uniformity of the heating of the heat pipe in zones, and therefore the efficiency of its operation.

A well-known solar FEM of cylindrical shape 5oiupaga (from the English words "solar" and "cylinder") (pPEr/Ammly. teptbgapa.gy/rapisie/13126), which contains two glass tubes, the tube of smaller diameter is covered with a thin film of FEP (based on copper , indium, gallium and selenium) and placed in the same tube of larger diameter with electrical contacts. This form allows to increase the amount of absorbed light, and therefore electricity, during the day without changing the position of the structure

FEM. The disadvantage of such a FEM is a decrease in the efficiency of the FEP due to an increase in the operating temperature.

Autonomous solar cogeneration power plant of a moving object is also known (Pat. OSA 107333, IPC E24) 3/06, NOTI 31/00, VbOI 8/00. - Publ. 25.11.2015. - Bull. 22), taken as the closest analogue, which contains solar modules of a cylindrical shape, and a common cooling collector, assembled into a battery, accumulator, controller, inverter for powering AC consumers. The disadvantage of the closest analogue is that it cannot generate

Because of the cold, which reduces its effectiveness in the summer.

The basis of the useful model is the task of creating an autonomous three-generation power plant of a moving object due to the installation of an absorption refrigerator connected to a storage tank.

The task is solved due to the fact that an autonomous three-generation power plant of a moving object, which consists of solar modules of a cylindrical shape, a battery, a charge-discharge controller, an inverter, each solar module contains two coaxially located tubes made of borosilicate glass, connected to each other with the formation of a vacuum bulb, a tube of smaller diameter is covered with serially connected FEPs with electrical thermal contacts, solar modules are combined in a battery with a parallel connection of pairs of electrical thermal contacts connected to the battery through a charge-discharge controller, consumers are connected to the other output of the controller direct current, and alternating current consumers - through an inverter, a heat pipe with a cylindrical sealed body (made of a heat-conducting material, for example, pure red copper, and a capillary structure of the inner surface, filled with a working body with a phase p) is coaxially located in the cavity of a glass tube of smaller diameter eroduct, for example, ethanol (C»H5OH), a partition is installed in the center of the evaporation zone of the cylindrical body, which divides the cylindrical body into two hermetic parts, the condensate collectors are located in the condensation zones at the opposite ends of the cylindrical body, in contact with a common heat collector filled with a liquid non-freezing coolant , according to a useful model, contains an absorption refrigerator connected to a storage tank.

The production of a cylindrical sealed body of the heat pipe from pure red copper increases heat transfer due to thermal conductivity. Filling the body of the heat pipe with a working medium with a phase transition, for example, ethanol (С2Н5ОН) under vacuum (boiling point - about 30 "C), provides a "hidden" component of heat transfer from the evaporation zone to the condensation zones. Mechanical contact of condensate collectors with a heat collector filled with a liquid coolant , accelerates the condensation process and makes it more efficient. The capillary structure of the inner surface of the cylindrical hermetic body ensures the transportation of condensate along the longitudinal axis back to the evaporation zone. The installation of a partition in the center of the evaporation zone, which divides the body into two hermetic parts, ensures that the condensate returns from the condensate collectors , located at the opposite ends of the cylindrical body, to the evaporation zone, regardless of the orientation of the solar cogeneration module in space and the influence of gravitational forces. The use of ethanol (С2Н5БОН) as a working medium with a phase transition ensures the safety and environmental friendliness of an autonomous trigeneration unit for mobile about the object.

The technical essence of the useful model is explained by graphic material, where in fig. 1 shows the functional diagram of the autonomous three-generation power plant of the moving object; in fig. 2 - device of a cylindrical solar module with a heat pipe.

Autonomous three-generation power plant of a moving object contains a battery 1 of several solar modules 2 of cylindrical shape, united by a common heat collector C, battery 4, charge-discharge controller 5, inverter 6, direct current consumers 7 connected to the output of the controller directly, and consumers alternating current 8 - through an inverter 5, a storage tank 9 with a heat exchanger 10 and pipelines 11, 12, a temperature sensor 13, a temperature controller 14, a vortex pump 15, an electric valve 17. Each solar module 2 contains two glass tubes 18,19 made of borosilicate glass, connected to each other to form a vacuum bulb. Tube 18 of smaller diameter is covered with a thin film of semiconductor FEPs 20, connected in series and coaxially, with a gap, placed in a transparent glass tube 19 of a larger diameter with electric thermal contacts (not shown). Vacuum cavity 21 between glass tubes 18, 19 provides thermal insulation of semiconductor FEPs 20 from convection heating by the environment.

Inside the tube 18 of a smaller diameter, a heat pipe is coaxially located with a cylindrical hermetic body 22 made of a heat-conducting material, for example, pure red copper, and a capillary structure 23 of the inner surface, filled with a working body 24 with a phase transition, for example, ethanol (C2H5OnH) under vacuum. In the center of the evaporation zone of the cylindrical body 22, a partition 25 is installed, which divides the cylindrical body 22 into two hermetic parts 26, 27. The condensate collectors 28 are located in the condensation zones at the opposite ends of the cylindrical body 22, in contact with the common heat collector 3, filled with a liquid non-freezing coolant, 16 Each pair of electrical thermal contacts (not shown) through a series-connected low-resistance Schottky diode 29 (per:/gy.miKiredia.ogudlmiki/Schottky diode) with a common zero point is connected through a charge-discharge controller 5 to the battery 4, which prevents its self-discharge at night time. An absorption refrigerator 30 is connected to the accumulator tank 9.

Parameters of ethanol (SgH5OH) | Vargaftik N.B. Handbook of thermophysical properties of gases and liquids. - ed. 2nd addn. and processing - M.: Nauka, 1972. - b. 407-415): critical temperature Tkr-516.1 K (243.1 2С), critical pressure Prk-63.9 Pa, boiling point at atmospheric pressure (P-0.1 MPa) Tkip-351.3K (78, 3 "С), and the specific heat of vaporization g-840 kJ/kg, the heat capacity of gaseous ethanol in the temperature range from 0 to 100 "С is Ср t 1.34...1.69 kJ/kggrad. At the vapor pressure of ethanol (SgH5OH) P-20 kPa, ethanol condenses at

Tkip-224.6 K (41.7 "C). At P-10 kPa - Tkip-301.9 K (28.9 70).

Autonomous three-generation power plant of a moving object works as follows.

Battery 1 of solar cogeneration modules 2 is installed on a moving object (yacht, barge, mobile apiary, harvester, etc.). Sunlight freely passes through the outer transparent tube 19 made of borosilicate glass, which ensures the passage of solar radiation waves in the range of 0.4...2.7 μm, and falls on the FEP 20 located on the glass tube 18 of a smaller diameter, which generate electrical energy . This design of the solar module ensures an increase in the amount of absorbed light (and therefore the amount of generated energy) during the day, without changing its position. Sunlight falling on the thin film 20 of the FEP causes heating of the inner tube 18 (401, OO" in Fig. 2), which leads to the evaporation of the working fluid in the sealed housing 22. From the evaporation zone, the vapor moves to the condensation zone along the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical housing 22 from the partition 25, which divides the body 22 into two hermetic parts 26, 27, to the condensate collectors 28 at its ends, where it condenses with the release of heat (-0, -02 in Fig. 2). The formed condensate returns back to the evaporation zone, to the partition 25, due to the capillary force along the capillary structure 23 of the two sealed parts 26, 27 of the cylindrical sealed housing 22, cooling the FEP film 20, and the cycle repeats again. The high heat transfer coefficient of the working body 24, its small amount and relatively small dimensions of the hermetic case 22 made of pure red copper provide effective thermal heat conduction. Hermetic housing 22 works as a thermal diode.

Thermal conductivity is very high in one direction - to the condensation zone and low in the opposite direction.

The heat of condensation is removed by the coolant 16, which flows through the common heat collector Z and washes the condensate collectors 28. The current generated by the cooled FEP 20 from each module 2 through the low-resistance Schottky diodes and the charge-discharge controller flows to the charge of the battery 4, because to the direct current consumers 7, or through the inverter 6 - to the consumers of alternating current 8. When the temperature of the heat carrier 16 in the common heat collector 3 of a given value is reached according to the signal of the temperature sensor 13, the temperature controller 14 turns on the vortex pump 15, and it drives the heat carrier 16 through the pipes 11,12, which through the heat exchanger 10 gives the generated heat to the accumulator tank 9, to which the absorption refrigerator 30 is connected. Cold water enters the accumulator tank 9 through the electric valve 17 from below, and the consumer receives "heat" and "cold".

Trigeneration is more profitable compared to cogeneration, as it makes it possible to efficiently use the utilized heat not only in winter for heating, but also in summer for air conditioning or for technological needs. For this purpose, absorption bromolithium refrigeration units can be used. This approach allows you to use the generating unit all year round, thereby not reducing the high efficiency of the power plant in the summer period, when the need for heat produced by such equipment decreases.

Technical result: increase in loading and productivity of the autonomous three-generation power plant due to additional cold generation.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA An autonomous trigeneration power plant of a moving object, which consists of solar modules of a cylindrical shape, a battery, a charge-discharge controller, an inverter, each solar module contains two coaxially arranged tubes of borosilicate glass, connected to each other to form a vacuum bulb, the tube of smaller diameter is covered with serially connected FEPs with electrical thermal contacts, the solar modules are combined in a battery with a parallel connection of pairs of electric thermal contacts connected to the battery through a charge-discharge controller, direct current consumers are connected to the other output of the controller, and alternating current consumers - through an inverter, in the cavity of a glass tube of a smaller diameter, a heat pipe is coaxially located with a cylindrical hermetic body made of heat-conducting material, for example, pure red copper, and a capillary structure of the inner surface, filled with a working body with a phase transition, With, for example, ethanol (C2H5OH), a partition is installed in the center of the evaporation zone of the cylindrical body, which divides the cylindrical body into two sealed parts, the condensate collectors are located in the condensation zones at the opposite ends of the cylindrical body, in contact with a common heat collector, filled with a liquid non-freezing coolant, which differs in that , containing an absorption refrigerator connected to the accumulator tank.