UA124457U - METHOD OF CONTROL OF THE EXPANSION AND DAMAGE OF POPULATION OF CHERRY FLY (RHAGOLETIS CERASI L.) - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of controlling the spread and harmfulness of populations of cherry fly (Rhagoletis cerasi L.) involves directing the effect of drugs on the diapause stages of the phytophage. In the middle of summer, at the beginning of the migration of cherry fly larvae for diapause and wintering, one application of the introduction to the plant residues and soil surface of prutambov circles, with a diameter of 0.8-1.0 m, places of concentration of larvae and umbilical flies, 7.0% - aqueous solution of the biological product Metarizine p. n. (dry powder). Titre of spores of the fungus Metarrhisium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. of the active substance of the drug, is 5.5-6.0 billion in 1 g. In the spring, 4-5 days before the start of the reactivation of diapause pupae of the cherry fly, spend one treatment of places of the concentration of the puparium of the fly with an aqueous solution of the drug Aktara 25 WG, in. g. (water-soluble granules), at the rate of 0.50 g / m2. 3-4 days before the start of the fly of the cherry fly imago, glue traps of yellow color are exposed in the tree crowns, at the rate of 2 traps per fruit tree. They exhibit 20 × 30 cm traps, made of laminated paper on both sides and covered with glue.

Description

The useful model belongs to agriculture, in particular to the field of protection of plants from harmful arthropods, and can be used in modern technologies for the protection of stone gardens.

It is known that in cherry orchards, among phytophages that damage fruits, the cherry fly NNadoyeii5 segazi Y. (Oiriega, Terpiydae) has the most significant importance. After rebirth, fly larvae feed on the flesh of the fruit. Damaged fruits darken and rot. Most of the larvae leave the fruits when they are on the trees |Rozova L.V. Biological substantiation of the cherry protection system against the cherry fly (AGadoyeii5 segavi I.) in southern conditions

of Ukraine. Autoref. thesis Ph.D. s.-g. of science - K., 2005. - 19 p...

It is known that in commercial cherry plantations, control of spread and harmfulness is carried out by using chemical insecticides in conjunction with a complex of agrotechnical and mechanical methods (Drozda V.F., Lapa O.M., Rozova L.V., Nagorna L.V. Protection system of stone plants from pests and diseases in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of Ukraine - K., 2003-62 si.

The implementation of these methods allows you to get a full harvest of cherries. However, taking into account the fact that the cherry crop is used mainly in fresh and canned form, as well as the fact that the fruits are a component of children's and herodietic nutrition, methods and techniques that limit the use of chemical agents during the period of formation and ripening of the crop are relevant.

There is also a known method of protecting cherry plantations from cherry fly infestation, which is the closest analogue to the proposed method (Method of protecting cherry plantations from cherry fly damage (NPadoyeii5 segavzi I)// Patent of Ukraine Mo 50459, IPC AOTK 67/00, Publ. 10.06. 2010, Bul. Mo 11, Drozda V.F., Rozova L.V.Y. The method includes a directed insecticidal effect on diapausing populations of the cherry fly before the beginning of its spring reactivation. The method includes two methods of settling the eggs of the Trichogramma species parasite on plants

Tispodgatta aepagoyiti Maiv., at the rate of 100 and 150 females per tree. The positive result of using the method is that it provides effective protection of the crop against cherry fly damage.

However, the closest analogue has the following disadvantages: there is no way to control the spread of the cherry fly in the initial stages of the formation of cherry fly puparia; besides, the method is not

Zo includes a decrease in the number of cherry fly adults during the period of intensive flight and oviposition of females.

The basis of a useful model is the task of experimentally substantiating the method of controlling the spread and harmfulness of cherry fly populations (NPadoyeii5 segavzi I.) by applying a complex action on different stages of the cherry fly using various methods. The method is aimed at implementation in farms and private farms.

The task is solved by the fact that the method of controlling the spread and harmfulness of cherry fly populations (NPadoyeii5 segavi ЙИ), which includes the directed effect of drugs on the diapausing stages of the phytophagous, according to a useful model, during the summer, at the beginning of the migration of cherry fly larvae for diapausing and wintering, is carried out one application of a 7.0 U5 aqueous solution of the biopreparation Metarizin s.p. (dry powder). The spore titer of the Meiatnivisht apizoriiaye (Meizsn.) 5th K., the active substance of the drug is 5.5-6.0 billion in 1 g; in the spring, 4-5 days before the reactivation of the diapausing puparia of the cherry fly, one treatment of the places of concentration of the puparia of the fly with an aqueous solution of the drug Aktara 25 M/S, v.g. (water-soluble granules), at the rate of 0.50 g/m; 3-4 days before the cherry fly imago begins to fly, yellow glue traps are placed in the crowns of trees, at the rate of 2 traps per one fruit-bearing tree. They exhibit traps measuring 20 x 30 cm, made of laminated paper, covered with glue on both sides.

The essence of the proposed method is that the development is based on the defining laws of the biology and ecology of the cherry fly. In critical periods of its development - the beginning of diapausing of larvae and puparia of the fly, which lasts more than eight months, the entomopathogenic drug Metarizin is applied to the places of concentration of the pest. This is a significant stress factor that causes the death of part of the puparia of the fly. A similar function is performed by the Aktara insecticidal drug, which has a detrimental effect on puparia and fly adults during its spring reactivation. A large part of cherry fly adults falls on the glue traps, which causes their death. It is taken into account that adult flies are intensely attracted to the color yellow.

An example of the implementation of the method.

Typical farms and private farms growing various varieties of cherries. 60 It is cherries, considering that despite its name - "cherry tree", the species causes damage only to cherry fruits. A small part of cherry fly populations also develops in cherry fruits, however, full feeding of fly larvae occurs only in ripe cherry fruits.

To justify the proposed method, experimental variants were formed, of which there were three and a control. Experiments were conducted over four years - 2014-2017 - in the Steppe and Forest-Steppe zones of Ukraine. In the first version, essential elements of the proposed method were implemented. In the second - elements of the closest analogue method. In the third - an element of regional technology. This is the basic option, where a chemical insecticide was used to protect the cherries

Actellik.

Seasonal observations of cherry fly development were carried out according to existing recommendations. Counting of the number of puparia was carried out by selecting group samples from pre-stem circles, followed by thorough laboratory analysis. Concentrations of drugs, in particular, Metarizin, were used based on a preliminary toxicological assessment of its effect on fly larvae and puparia. To estimate the magnitude of a possible positive result, the most informative and objective test characteristics were used. The obtained digital material was processed statistically. The results of the research are given in the table.

Expert assessment of the effectiveness of the method of controlling the harmfulness of cherry fly populations is given in the table.

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The materials given in the table clearly illustrate the pronounced positive result of the implementation of the proposed method. Comprehensive characteristics of the initial parameters of the number of diapausing puparia of the cherry fly in all variants testify to the objectivity of the conclusions. It is taken into account the fact that the records and evaluation criteria were taken from ten trees of each variant. That is, in each version there were from 590 to 710 fly puparia, which excludes an unbiased conclusion.

It was found that the final efficiency of the proposed method was 91.4 95, against 72.5 95 in the closest analogue. That is, the performance indicator of the proposed method was not inferior to the basic version. Given that the cherry fly imago is characterized by extremely high locomotor activity and the ability to lay eggs only in the flesh of the fruit, the females first cut its skin, there are few prospects for using chemical insecticides to reduce the fly imago and larvae.

The proposed method is one of the promising ones, which is based on long-term action in relation to the diapausing stages of the phytophagous.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of controlling the spread and harmfulness of cherry fly populations (Anadoyeii5 segavi I.), which includes the directed effect of drugs on the diapausing stages of the phytophagous, which differs in that during the summer, at the beginning of the migration of cherry fly larvae for diapausing and wintering, carry out one application of application to plant remains and the surface of the soil of the trunk circles, with a diameter of 0.8-1.0 m, places of concentration of fly larvae and puparia, 7.0 UO aqueous solution of the biological preparation Metarizin s.p. (dry powder), at the same time, the titer of the spores of the mushroom Meiatnivziyt apizoriaye (Meivsp.) bogokK. of the active substance of the drug is 5.5-6.0 billion in 1 g; in the spring, 4-5 days before the reactivation of the diapausing puparia of the cherry fly, one treatment of the places of concentration of the puparia of the fly with an aqueous solution of the drug Aktara 25 M/S, v.g. (water-soluble granules), at the rate of 0.50 g/m, in addition, 3-4 days before the cherry fly imago begins to fly, yellow glue traps are exposed in the crowns of trees, at the rate of 2 traps per one fruit-bearing tree, with for this, traps 20 x 30 cm in size, made of laminated paper and covered with glue on both sides, are exposed.