UA122599C2 - METHOD OF PERFORMANCE OF A SHOT FROM A Grenade Launcher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of armaments and can be used in the development of wearable grenade launchers. The invention is intended for the destruction of ground targets by grenade launchers, which are actuated outside the shelter area of the shooter. The method includes placing the shooter's body of the grenade launcher on the support, bringing it into combat readiness, aiming and initiating the jet charge. The shooter is placed in a shelter, while the grenade launcher is placed on a trough-shaped support with its rest against the shooter's shoulder girdle. A sighting device in the form of a periscope, the lens of which is placed above the level of the shooter's head, is pre-fixed to the support. To the body of the grenade launcher, in the center of its weight, pre-fixed jet pyrocartridge, made with the possibility of forming a jet of a given vector of the flow direction of the exhaust gases. After placing the grenade launcher on the support, aiming is performed with the help of a periscope, then a pyrocartridge is initiated to ensure that the grenade launcher body is moved beyond the cover above the axis of the periscope lens by means of a jet jet formed by it. Initiate the jet engine of the grenade, which is directed to the target, and provide due to the reactive component of the grenade engine movement of the hollow body of the grenade launcher in the direction opposite to the direction of flight of the grenade beyond the area of the shooter. The method can be implemented in relation to any design of jet grenade launchers and provides a hidden location of the shooter relative to the target.

Description

The invention belongs to the field of weapons and can be used in the development of grenade launchers. The invention is intended for hitting ground targets with the help of grenade launchers, which are activated outside the shooter's shelter zone.

The invention is intended for the use of a grenade launcher in the case when it is necessary to shoot at a target, and the shooter himself cannot be in direct line of sight with the target.

The invention can be used during military operations in rugged terrain, as well as when it is necessary to find shooters in shelters that protect them from direct hits from enemy weapons.

There is a well-known method of shooting from a grenade launcher, in which the operator (gunner), holding the handle with the trigger mechanism, places the grenade launcher on his shoulder, aims at the target and launches the rocket projectile (grenade).

When the trigger is pressed, the solid fuel engine starts, and the powder gases coming out of the nozzle block of the solid fuel engine deform the rear cover of the launch container and push it out, while the projectile, moving forward, captures the launch tube, which extends telescopically ( exits) from the container.

The rocket projectile telescopically exits the launch tube of variable diameter, centering in the launch tube of a larger diameter with the belt of the solid fuel engine. The launch tube is reliably captured by the solid fuel engine and flies together with the rocket, stabilizing it.

The method of firing from a hand-held grenade launcher allows you to increase the speed and aiming range of the projectile due to the increase of the powder charge and its complete combustion in the launch tube, which is telescopically doubled (Russian patent No. 2190179 for the invention).

The disadvantage of the known method is that the effective defeat of the target is ensured with the help of a sight located on the body of the grenade launcher. To defeat the target, the grenade launcher must be in the direct line of sight of the enemy, which determines the probability of its defeat.

When implementing the known method, in order to save the grenade launcher's life, it is necessary to shoot in a short period of time, which reduces the probability of accurate aiming and, accordingly, the probability of hitting the target.

З A well-known method of firing a grenade launcher, in which the operator (gunner), holding the handle with the trigger mechanism, places the grenade launcher on his shoulder, aims at the target and launches the grenade by pressing the trigger. The operation of the grenade launcher is fast-moving, and if we consider the process of launching a grenade over time, then this process is carried out in the following way: when the trigger of the handle mechanism of the tube-container is pressed, the initiator of the jet engine installed in the adapter is activated, the powder gases from the initiator, entering the cavity of the adapter through throttle holes, ignite the initiator installed in front of the nozzle block of the engine. The powder gases from the initiator, directed through the cavity with the perforated surface of the adapter and the grid, ignite the additional powder charge installed in the thin-walled tube of the forechamber. At the same time, the ignition of the main powder charge, tightly installed around the forechamber in the front bottom of the engine, which rests on the annular ledge of the engine housing, and the reset of the rear cover of the launch container with powder gases, which come out of the nozzle block, take place.

At the same time, the additional powder charge ignites a little faster than the main powder charge, and hot gases passing from the forechamber through the grate help ignite the main powder charge.

The counterweight, which consists of the body of the engine and the grill, which is made as one unit with the trunk, starts moving forward with respect to the launch tube-container under the action of the thrust of the jet engine.

At the same time, the pressure in the rear part of the free volume of the grenade increases.

When the critical design pressure is reached, the calibrated ring element of the tensioner crumples, which pulls the grenade to the front bottom of the engine. The grenade is directed forward along the barrel, having gained additional speed, and the counterweight slows down and loses speed, remains in the launch tube of the container or falls forward with minimal speed.

After launching a grenade, the hand grenade launcher cannot be restored. In the grenade launcher, the motor housing is made integral with the barrel with ring belts, centering (Russian patent for the invention Mo 2247914).

The disadvantage of the known method is that, as with the implementation of a similar method, when aiming, the shooter is in direct line of sight of the enemy, which determines the probability of being hit by the enemy's weapon.

A significant drawback of the known technical solution is that the design of the equipment that implements the method has a shifted center of gravity, which leads to the difficulty of aiming and the probability of a miss when trying to hit the target.

The closest solution, chosen as a prototype, is the method of firing from a grenade launcher, in which the grenade launcher is a telescopic structure made of outer and inner tubes. The outer pipe is made of fiberglass.

The inner pipe is made of aluminum alloy.

When the pipes are moved to the combat position, the grenade is located in the rear part of the extended barrel. The grenade is fixed in the inner tube with stoppers in the form of sex plates with a cut-out, put on two stabilizer feathers. With the start of the movement of the grenades, the plates are destroyed, and after the departure of the grenades from the barrel, they jump out of the stabilizer pen when it is opened.

On the back of the inner tube, from above, the shock mechanism, the locking mechanism and the grenade capsule are fixed. The capsule is placed in the rear slot of the case, and the striker strikes it. From the ignition of the capsule, the booster powder tablet ignites and the beam of fire is transmitted through the gas tube to the igniter of the jet engine.

The locking mechanism, located in the rear part of the case on the inner tube, serves to lock the shock mechanism in the retracted position, which eliminates the possibility of breaking the capsule when the tubes are folded.

The grenade consists of a warhead and a jet engine. The cumulative charge unit is located in the case and serves as a directional thickening during movement of the grenade along the barrel. The bottom part of the detonator is located in the rear part of the case. In the front part of the grenade body, there is a ballistic tip, the main part of the detonator with a piezo element and a conductive cone.

A jet engine is attached to the rear of the hull. The chamber ends with a nozzle block with a forcing unit and a four-blade stabilizer. The ignition of the jet engine charge occurs through the gas outlet from the flame beam of the ignition equipment capsule.

To produce a shot, it is necessary to open the rear cover and push the tubes to the stop, while the front cover will open, and the safety post with the dioptre and the front sight will take a vertical position. To reduce the impact mechanism, the safety rack should be turned down to the stop and

Then let her go. The shot is fired by pressing the trigger (Electronic resource perz//gy.miKiredia.ogdlmiki/yaro 6 9600 u69E9500 9593-18.

The disadvantage of the known method of shooting from a grenade launcher is that the method does not provide for remote shooting. The shot is fired, as a rule, from the shooter's shoulder. In addition, aiming before firing is carried out with the help of aiming equipment fixed on the body of the grenade launcher. The aiming axis is as close as possible to the axis of the grenade launcher body, in which the charge itself is located. With such aiming, the shooter is in the enemy's line of fire, which significantly shortens the aiming time and, accordingly, reduces the probability of hitting the target.

The method does not involve remotely bringing the charge into a combat position and orienting it in the right direction to defeat the target.

The task of the invention is to improve the method of shooting from a grenade launcher, due to the fact that: a shot from a grenade launcher is fired at a given distance from the shooter; aiming for a shot is carried out with the help of a sight made in the form of a periscope; the movement of the grenade launcher to fire is carried out using a reactive pyro cartridge; initiation of the reactive charge of the grenade launcher is carried out remotely at a given distance from the shooter.

The method of shooting from a grenade launcher includes placing the grenade launcher body on a support, bringing it into combat readiness, aiming, initiating a reactive charge, moving the grenade towards the target.

According to the invention, the method of firing a shot from a grenade launcher includes placing the grenade launcher body on a support by the shooter, bringing it into combat readiness, aiming, and initiating a reactive charge.

According to the invention, the shooter is placed in a shelter, and the grenade launcher is placed on a trough-shaped support resting on the shoulder belt of the shooter.

A sighting device in the form of a periscope, the lens of which is placed above the level of the shooter's head, is pre-fixed to the support. To the body of the grenade launcher, in the center of its weight,

a jet pyro cartridge is pre-fixed, made with the possibility of forming a jet jet of a given vector of the direction of the output gas flow.

After placing the grenade launcher on the support, aiming is performed using a periscope.

After aiming, the pyro cartridge is initiated and with the help of the jet of exhaust gases formed by it, the body of the grenade launcher is moved, beyond the cover, above the axis of the periscope lens.

After the grenade launcher reaches the set height, the jet engine of the grenade is initiated, which is sent to the target.

To prevent injury to the shooter, due to the reactive component of the grenade engine, the hollow body of the grenade launcher is moved to the side opposite to the direction of the grenade's flight beyond the area where the shooter is located.

The technical result of the use of the invention is that: the method can be implemented in relation to any designs of rocket launchers; the method ensures the hidden location of the shooter relative to the target; the method provides the possibility of hitting the target in rough terrain, which complicates combat operations; the method ensures high safety of the shooter when shooting at the target; the production of equipment for the implementation of the method does not require significant material costs; equipment that implements the method can be made from standard parts used in the production of various types of weapons; the method provides high precision targeting of the reactive charge to defeat the target; the method provides a high speed of an aimed shot to hit targets with varying degrees of distance from the shooter.

The method is implemented as follows.

The grenade launcher is used to destroy mainly armored vehicles or other objects.

The peculiarity of using a shot from a grenade launcher is that it hits the target at a relatively short distance. Under normal conditions, the shooter is in the line of sight of the enemy, which can cause damage by the time the grenade launcher is fired.

The main task solved by the invention is the ability to perform sighting

From a shot at a time when the shooter is out of sight of the enemy. Thus, the shot can be effectively fired from cover, for example, in the form of a trench or in the conditions of combat operations in rough terrain, or in the conditions of populated areas.

To activate the grenade launcher, it is placed on a trough-shaped support, to which a sighting device in the form of a periscope is previously attached.

The height of the periscope is determined by the conditions of use of the grenade launcher, in particular, the depth of the shelter in which the shooter is, or the size of the obstacle behind which he hides from damage.

On the body of the grenade launcher placed on the support, along its center of gravity, before the shot or in factory conditions, a reactive pyro cartridge is fixed, the purpose of which is to move the body of the grenade launcher to the required distance from the support and stabilize its position in space until the moment of departure from the body of the grenade.

To aim in a given direction, the shooter rests the support with the grenade launcher on the shoulder belt. After that, a reactive pyro cartridge is initiated. The jet jets formed by it move the grenade launcher from the support to a given distance.

After the body of the grenade launcher moves to a given distance from the support with the help of a pyro cartridge, the jet engine of the grenade is initiated.

Depending on the design of the grenade launcher, the initiation of the jet engine of the grenade can be performed in different ways: with the help of a special retarder placed in the grenade structure, or with the help of the transmission of an electrical impulse, by supplying current to

BO launch equipment, or with the help of mechanical launch equipment.

After the grenade is launched, its body is in the zone of action of the jet stream. This ensures the movement of the hollow body of the grenade launcher in the direction opposite to the movement of the grenade, and its descent to the earth's surface, without injuring the shooter when falling.

Studies have shown that the aiming device itself can be made relative to the support removable or hinged.

Studies have shown that the claimed method can be implemented in relation to any structures of grenade launchers in combat conditions with limited visibility, on rough terrain or in urban conditions. Implementation of the method allows to minimize the risk of damage to the shooter by the enemy in the conditions of hostilities. (510)

Claims (1)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION The method of firing a shot from a grenade launcher, which includes placing the grenade launcher body on a support by the shooter, bringing it into combat readiness, aiming and initiating a reactive charge of the grenade, which differs in that it includes placing the shooter in cover, and the grenade launcher is placed on a trough-shaped support with its shoulder rest the shooter's belt, at the same time, a sighting device in the form of a periscope is pre-fixed to the support, the lens of which is placed above the level of the shooter's head, and a reactive pyro cartridge is pre-fixed to the body of the grenade launcher, at the center of its weight, made with the possibility of forming a jet of a given flow direction vector output gases, while after placing the grenade launcher on the support, aiming is performed with the help of a periscope, after that the pyro cartridge is initiated, ensuring, with the help of the jet of output gases formed by it, the movement of the grenade launcher body outside the shelter above the axis of the periscope lens, after o initiate the jet engine of the grenade, which is directed to the target, and ensure, due to the jet component of the grenade engine, the movement of the hollow body of the grenade launcher in the direction opposite to the direction of the grenade's flight beyond the shooter's location.