UA122490U - DEVICES FOR THE USE OF ENERGY OF OCEANIC LIQUIDS - Google Patents

Abstract

An underwater ocean current device incorporates a durable, sealed enclosure with navigational, energy, and actuation mechanisms and energy sources located inside. Sturdy hydrodynamic profiles are rigidly attached to the durable stand-alone housing, inside or outside the profiles there are capsule units with generators having optimum ratios of rotor diameter to its active length. In the excitation system of electric generators, permanent magnets with a high specific energy value are used.

Description

A utility model belongs to hydropower and can be used to provide electricity to vessels in the ocean or coastal settlements.

Oceanic currents change their direction and activity over time, so the proposed device should combine the capabilities of moving in azimuth, depth, and converting current energy into other types of energy, in particular, into electrical energy.

A well-known device for using the energy of ocean currents, which consists of a rotor

Darier, rings with supporting and running nodes, toroidal cavity and anchor system (A.s.

USSR Mo 1469201, B.Y. May 12, 1989). The rotor of the specified device is formed by 4 blades connected to each other by a ring located above the water level and a toroidal cavity.

The toroidal cavity is located under water and has a significant margin of buoyancy. On the ring there are supporting and running nodes, which are connected with each other by ties. Anchor chains are attached to the supporting and running nodes, which fix the device in a vertical position. During the rotation of the Darier rotor, the ring rotates relative to the supporting and traveling units, which are mounted on the ring on rollers. The rollers transfer rotation to the electric generator.

Such a device has the following disadvantages.

Firstly, due to its design, it can create obstacles to shipping.

Secondly, the structure has an anchor system, which limits the places of use and creates additional difficulties during foundation work.

A device consisting of blades that are fixed on a flexible shaft in the form of a cable is also known. At the same time, the blades are located along the flexible shaft evenly overlapping. The cable is connected to the drive, which is installed on a floating support above the water level.

The blades have an arc-shaped shape and an aerodynamic profile, while the cable has a load on its free end (A.s. Mo 1213237. B.I. Mo 7, 1986).

Disadvantages of this device are once again an obstacle to shipping and the design has an anchor system that limits the places of use.

Different designs of energy devices are known for use as a conversion of the kinetic energy of the fluid flow into other types of energy, which are partially given in the book

Bernstein L.B. "Prilyvnja zelektrostationa". - M., 1987

Of the known devices, the closest in terms of technical essence is, chosen as a prototype,

From the capsule design of the hydraulic unit, which is given on page 107 and 250 of the above

Sources:. The entire generating system, together with the transmission, is enclosed in a hermetic shell. The entire capsule is attached to a stationary flow part mounted on the ground.

The basis of a useful model is the task of converting the energy of ocean currents into electricity, taking into account a possible change in the direction of the current.

The task is solved by the fact that the composition of the device for using the energy of ocean currents, which is mainly located under water, includes a strong hermetic body with navigation, power and executive mechanisms and energy sources located inside, according to a useful model, strong autonomous bodies are rigidly attached to the strong autonomous body hydrodynamic profiles, capsule power units with electric generators are located inside or outside the profiles, which have optimal ratios of the rotor diameter to its active length, and magnets with high specific energy are used in the excitation system of the electric generators.

Thus, an autonomous strong hermetic hull, which can be the hull of a submarine with all orientation devices in both azimuth and pitch, is devoid of an anchor system and, thanks to this, can successfully function in a much greater number of places and does not require a special depth and topography of the bottom, on which, as a rule, the flowing part of tidal hydroelectric power stations is mounted (Estimation of the energy capabilities of the proposed technical solution is given in Appendix 1).

Drawings explain the essence of a useful model.

In fig. 1 - general view of the device; in fig. 2 - a view of the capsule power unit.

In fig. 1 shows a device for using the energy of ocean currents, consisting of a strong housing 1, in which internal power sources and various mechanisms (navigational, control, emergency, etc.) are located. These mechanisms provide the ability to move the entire underwater solid body 1 in the water environment. Strong hydrodynamic profiles 2 are rigidly attached to the strong body, capsule power units 3, turbines 4, which ensure the rotation of electric generators located inside the capsule power units, are located inside or outside the profiles.

In fig. 2 shows the structural diagram of the capsule power unit, which consists of a capsule 1, a chamber 2, a turbine Z, a generator 4 with a rotor 5 and its main geometric 60 relationships:

0/O», where B. is the diameter of the capsule, O» is the diameter of the inlet;

Oz/O", where Oz is the diameter of the turbine; pA/I, where Ох is the diameter of the generator rotor, Г is the active length of the rotor.

The device for using ocean currents works as follows.

From the main power plant (nuclear reactor, diesel power plant, etc.), which is located inside the strong housing 1 of the underwater vehicle, various electric drives that are connected to the executive mechanisms are powered. These mechanisms provide the ability to move the underwater vehicle in the water environment in various directions depending on the direction and speed of the ocean current. Thus, the device seeks to occupy a place in the flow determined by sensors. Next, there is fixation relative to the bottom or lowering of the device to the ground, depending on the depth of immersion and the speed of the current.

When the underwater vehicle is in a stationary state or in motion in the flow of the oceanic current, the flow passes through the holes in the profiles 2, in which the capsule power units З with electric generators rigidly connected to the shaft of the turbine 4 are located. The turbines 4 rotate under the influence of the current flow, driving the rotor of the electric generator with excitation from permanent magnets.

During the rotation of the rotor with permanent magnets located on it, which create a magnetic field, an electromotive force is induced in the stator windings, under the influence of which a current will flow in the windings. The energy produced by the generators can be used to charge the storage batteries located in a strong hermetic housing 1, followed by conversion with the help of direct current inverters to alternating current to power, for example, fish processing seiners, submarines or coastal settlements in the case of finding a submersible near the shore. Such a scheme can also supply energy to submarines and surface boats traveling on a parallel course at the same speed as the submarine. It should be noted that during movement, the generated power is significantly higher than in a stationary state. Energy transfer from an underwater position can be carried out using a buoy connected by a cable to an underwater device.

The underwater device for using the energy of ocean currents is controlled by the crew, which is replaced during the surfacing.

In this way, the energy of the oceanic current is transformed into electricity.

Zo Evaluation of the energy capabilities of the proposed device

This can be done using the example of a capsule hydraulic unit with an inlet diameter of -

Or223.5 m (Fig. 2).

Power of energy entering the unit:

R - (re: p uzug where: r - 1020 kg/m3 - specific gravity of sea water;

Z-0.785:022-0.785-(3.5)2-9.6 me - the area of the entrance hole (Fig. 2); n - 0.87 - efficiency of the hydraulic unit;

U-2 m/s - the speed of the ocean current "Gulf Stream" - according to literary data.

Expected power from one capsule unit, if the underwater power unit is stationary (located on the bottom or standing on an anchor):

R - (re5:p.m3u/2 - (1020-9.6:0.8723)/2-34000 W (34 kW)

The diameter of a modern submarine cruiser can be comparable to 3 the height of a nine-story building, so it can be assumed that the rigid profiles attached to its hull can be quite long. Let us assume that the length of one profile is 300 m, then approximately 50 capsule hydraulic aggregates with an inlet diameter of 02-3.5 m and intervals between them of 2.55 m can be located on it.

Expected power from capsule hydro units located on one profile:

Rip-50-R - 5034-1700 kW

The total power of all capsule hydro units located on two profiles with stationary underwater power units that are in the current:

UR 2: Rip-2: 1700-3400 kW

When the underwater power unit moves against the current at a speed of 5 m/s (18 km/h), the relative speed of the flow, taking into account the movement of the current in the direction of 2 m/s (7.2 km/h), will be 7 m/s (25 km/h hours).

Then the capacity of one capsule hydraulic unit will be:

R- (rep mzug - (1020.9.6-0.8773)/2-1461000 W (1461 kW)

The total power of all capsule hydraulic units at a speed of movement of the electric unit of 25 km/h. and current speed of 2 m/s (7.2 km/h) will be:

Khrtms-2: P5O0-2-:1461-50-146000 kW - 146 MW

This capacity is comparable to the 235,000 kW (235.5 MW) capacity of the Kyiv Gas Power Plant.

However, it is worth considering that with the growth of the power of one capsule unit, its dimensions will actually increase and the number of capsule units on the profiles will decrease, but the calculation gives an idea of the energy capabilities of the underwater device for using the energy of ocean currents.

Claims (1)

UTILITY MODEL FORMULA A submersible device for harnessing the energy of ocean currents, comprising a robust hermetic housing with internally located navigation, power and actuation mechanisms and power sources, characterized by rigid hydrodynamic airfoils rigidly attached to the robust self-contained housing, capsule electric units with electric generators, which have the optimal ratio of the diameter of the rotor to its active length, while permanent magnets with a high value of specific energy are used in the excitation system of electric generators. 2 that h 4 - VUdaya Z dk and u m dit ; r i- x paradise and . r r 7 r / - r y ra gy -7 zhit 2-2 ron s - y sht them Fig. 1 2 | Z 4 Z r y 7 7 i / ; ; | / i i x I GO iv she my o. p rr i she I nn V NE Sho. ! GI! shi from; zoning o Fig. 2