UA120003C2 - SYSTEM FOR TRANSFER OF WHEEL PAIRS FROM ONE TRACK TO ANOTHER - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to railway transport. A system for converting wheelsets from one track to another, comprising a track of different widths that smoothly transitions from one track width to another width, a frame with wheelchairs and a track change mechanism which is made on the front and rear axles of the frame and is a crank sliding mechanisms of brittle strut. There is a rectangular frame made with the possibility of movement relative to the frame and hinged to the rotary side links, hinged in one plane with one end on the outside of the frame, and the other ends on parallel axes of the frame additional links connecting the parallel side links with the formation of parallelograms. The drive for moving the elements is made in the form of a cylinder, the free end of the rod which is fixed on a rectangular frame, and the rodless and rod cavities of the cylinder are connected through a two-way three-position distributor to the source of the working medium. The wheelsets are connected by means of telescopic axles, on which contacts are made with the possibility of closing the electrical circuit. The electrical circuit includes a pole switch of the electromagnet of the two-way three-position distributor of the working medium and a circuit breaker. The pole switch of the electromagnet comprises a switch tip placed on a rod with the possibility of interaction with the first protrusion made on the axis of the switch, which contains on the reverse side of the limiters with the possibility of interaction of the latter with the second protrusion made on the rod. The circuit breaker includes a switch tip placed with the possibility of interaction with the third protrusion made on the rod. The distance between the limiters on the axis of the switch and the distance between the tip of the switch and the third protrusion on the rod are comparable to the longitudinal movement of the rectangular frame relative to the frame. The technical result is to expand operational capabilities by automating the process of transferring wheelsets from one track width to another.

Description

The invention relates to railway transport with different track widths, for continuous train movement when moving from one track width to another.

A known device for transferring wheel pairs from one track to another (see patent NK 2142381, B61E 7/00, 19991, containing a track of different widths, a frame connected to wheel carriages on the front and rear axles of the frame.

The disadvantage of the known device is that, in order to fulfill the given task, the wheels of the carts are made unnecessarily metal-intensive, which significantly increases the total weight of the rolling stock without cargo.

A system for transferring wheel pairs from one track to another is also known (see patent NO 2631167, Вб 7/00, 2017 | containing a track of different widths that smoothly transitions from one track width to another width, a frame connected through track change mechanism with wheels: carts, made on the front and rear axles of the frame, which are crank-sliding mechanisms of a fragile brace, where the element that has freedom of axial movement along the frame is made in the form of a rectangular frame with the possibility of movement relative to the frame along the guides, made on the frame, hingedly connected by means of struts with rotating parallel side links of the same length, hingedly fixed in one plane with one end on the outer side of the frame, and with the other ends on additional links parallel to the axis of the frame, which connect parallel side links forming parallelograms, the wheel axles are hingedly installed on additional links parallel to the frame axis, the drive for moving the elements is made in the form of a target the core fixed on a frame that includes a piston and a rod, the free end of the rod is fixed on a rectangular frame, the rodless and rod cavities of the cylinder are connected by pipelines through a two-way three-position distributor with a source of supply of the working medium, which is the pneumatic system of the car, front and rear wheels pairs of carts are made with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis in one direction, and the longitudinal movements of the rectangular frame along the guides relative to the frame and the longitudinal movements of the wheels with the axles are made in different parallel horizontal planes, the axes connecting the wheel pairs from different sides are made in the form of telescopic half axis

The disadvantage of the known system is that in order to transfer wheel pairs from one track to another, it is necessary to additionally forcibly switch the distributor for feeding at the right moment

From the working environment to the executive mechanism, while increasing the total time of managing the process and slowing down the process of transition of wheel pairs from one track width to another.

In addition, the known system requires the synchronous operation of the mechanisms of the front and rear trolleys when transferring the device from one track width to another, which ultimately complicates the construction of transition sections of the tracks due to the design of the device.

The goal of the proposed solution is to expand operational capabilities due to automation and the process of transferring wheel pairs from one track width to another, individually for each cart, regardless of its location on the frame.

This task is solved by the fact that a system for transferring wheel pairs from one track to another, containing a track of different widths, which smoothly transitions from one track width to another width, a frame with wheel carriages and a track change mechanism, which is made on the front and rear axles frame and is a crank-sliding mechanism of a fragile bracing, where the element, which has freedom of axial movement along the frame, is made in the form of a rectangular frame with the possibility of movement relative to the frame along the guides made on the frame, and is hinged using bracing levers with by rotating parallel side links of the same length, hinged in one plane with one end on the outer side of the frame, and with the other ends on additional links parallel to the axis of the frame, which connect the parallel side links to form parallelograms, while the wheel axles are hingedly mounted on additional links , the drive for moving the elements is made in the form of a cylinder fixed on a frame containing a piston and a rod, where the free end of the rod is fixed on a rectangular frame, and the rodless and rod cavities of the cylinder are connected by means of pipelines through a two-way three-position distributor with a source of supply of the working medium, which is the pneumatic system of the car, while the front and rear wheel pairs of the carts are made with the possibility movement along the longitudinal axis in one direction, and the longitudinal movements of the rectangular frame along the guides relative to the frame and the longitudinal movements of the wheels with axles are made in different parallel horizontal planes, and the axes connecting the wheel pairs from different sides are made in the form of telescopic half-axes, which consist of external and internal semi-axes, where, according to the invention, the specified internal semi-axes are spring-loaded with the help of compression springs relative to the external semi-axes with the possibility of axial movement relative to the latter, because contacts are installed on the inner and outer telescopic semi-axes with the possibility of closing an electric circuit, and the contact t on the inner semi-axis is made spring-loaded and sliding with the possibility of axial movement relative to the latter, where the electric chain contains a direct current power source, a pole switch of the electromagnet of a two-way three-position distributor of the working medium and a circuit breaker, and the parallel side links at the maximum width of the track are installed with an inclination in the direction of movement of the rectangular the frame relative to the frame, the two-way three-position distributor is made with the possibility of automatic return to the neutral state with the help of the distributor spring, the solenoid pole switch is spring-loaded and includes a switch tip placed on the rod with the possibility of interaction with the first projection made on the axis of the switch, which is placed parallel to the axis of the rod, has freedom of axial movement and contains on the reverse side limiters with the possibility of interaction of the latter with the second protrusion made on the rod, the circuit breaker is spring-loaded and contains the tip of the breaker, placed with the possibility of interaction with the third protrusion made on the rod, and the distance between the limiters on the axis of the switch and the distance between the tip of the switch and the third protrusion on the rod at the maximum distance of the tip of the switch from the third protrusion are comparable to the longitudinal movement of the rectangular frame relative to the frame, and the total force of the springs of the telescopic semi-axes compared to the longitudinal force transmitted by the rod to the rectangular frame when it is pushed out of the frame.

In addition, the electromagnet pole switch is made in the form of four pairs of contacts mounted on a rod on the opposite side of the switch tip, placed two pairs in two tiers, parallel to each other in the horizontal plane, with the possibility of interaction of one pair of contacts of one tier with the conductors of the electric circuit in the direct direction of power supply to the poles of the electromagnet and another pair of contacts of another tier with these conductors in the cross direction of power supply to the poles of the electromagnet.

At the same time, the standard electrical system of direct current power supply of the train was used as a source of direct current.

In comparison with the known proposed system for transferring wheel pairs from one track to another, it allows to move from one track width of the railway track to another width in automatic mode, without the participation of the human factor, expanding operational capabilities.

From Fig. 1 shows a system with a white track width; in Fig. 2 - the same, with a smaller track width; in Fig. C - view A in Fig. 1; in Fig. 4 - element and in Fig. 1; in Fig. 5 - element II in Fig. 2; in Fig. 6 - a diagram that allows you to move from a wide track to a narrow one or from a narrow track to a wide one.

The system for transferring wheel pairs from one track to another contains track 1 of greater width, which smoothly transitions with the help of element 2 to track C of a smaller width. The frame 4 is connected through a mechanism for changing the track with wheeled carts 5 containing wheels 6-9, made on the front and rear axles of the frame, which are crank-sliding mechanisms of a fragile brace, where the element 10, which has the freedom of axial movement along the frame 4 is made in the form of a rectangular frame with the possibility of movement relative to the frame 4 along the guides 11-14, made on the frame 4. Element 10 with the help of hinges 15, 16 is connected to the levers-braces 17, 18, which with the help of hinges 19, 20 are connected with parallel turning side links 21-24 of the same length, fixed with the help of hinges 25-28 in one plane with one end on the outer side of the frame 4, and with the other ends with the help of hinges 29-32 on additional links 33, 34 parallel to the axis of the frame 4, connecting parallel side links 21-24, which form parallelograms. The axes 35, 36 of the wheels 6-9 are hingedly installed on additional links 33, 34, parallel to the axis of the frame 4, the drive for moving the element 10 is made in the form of a cylinder 37, fixed on the frame 4, containing a piston 38 and a rod 39, the free end of which is fixed on rectangular frame of element 10. The rodless 40 and rodless 41 cavities of the cylinder 37 are connected by pipelines 42 and 43 through a two-way three-position distributor 44 with a supply 45 line from the pneumatic system of the car and a diverted 46 line to the atmosphere. The front wheel pairs of the cart 5 and the rear wheel pairs of the cart (not shown in the drawing) are made with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis in one direction. Moreover, the longitudinal movements of the rectangular frame of the element 10 along the guides 11-14 relative to the frame 4 and the longitudinal movements of the wheels 6-9 with the axes 35, 36 are made in different parallel horizontal planes. Axes 35, 36, which connect wheel pairs from different sides, are made in the form of telescopic semi-axles. The inner 47, 48 half-axes are made spring-loaded with the help of springs 49, 50 compression relative to the outer 51, 52 half-axes with the possibility of axial movement relative to the latter. On the inner 47 and outer 51 telescopic semi-axes, extreme from the periphery of the wheeled cart 5 on the side of the frame 4 with the help of insulators (not shown in the drawing), contacts 53, 54 with the possibility of closing an electric circuit are installed, respectively. Moreover, the contact 53 on the inner semi-axis 47 is made spring-loaded using a spring 55 and sliding with the possibility of axial movement relative to the semi-axis 47. The electric circuit contains a power source 56 of direct current, a switch 57 of the poles of an electromagnet 58 of a two-way three-position distributor 44, a circuit breaker 59. The two-way three-position distributor 44 is made with the possibility of automatic return to the neutral state with the help of a spring 60.

The switch 57 of the poles of the electromagnet 58 is spring-loaded with the help of a spring 61 and contains a tip 62 with the possibility of interaction with a protrusion 63 made on an axis 64 parallel to the axis of the rod 39, which has freedom of axial movement in the guides 65 and 66 and contains on the back limiters 67 and 68 with the possibility interaction of the latter with the protrusion 69 made on the rod 39. the switch 59 of the chain is spring-loaded with the help of a spring 70 and contains a tip 71 with the possibility of interaction with the protrusion 72 made on the rod 39. Moreover, the distance between the limiters 6567 and 68 on the axis 64 and the distance between the tip 71 of the switch and the protrusion 72 on the rod at the maximum distance from each other is comparable to the longitudinal movement of the rectangular frame of the element 10 relative to the frame 4, and the total force of the springs 49 and 50 of the compression of the semi-axes is comparable to the longitudinal force transmitted by the rod 39 to the rectangular frame of the element 10 when it is extended from frame 4. The switch 57 of the poles of the electromagnet 58 is made in the form of mounted on a rod 73 with opposite on the other side of the tip 62, four pairs of contacts 74-77 made of two pairs 74 and 75, 76 and 77 with the help of insulators 78 and 79, respectively, on the rod 73 in a two-tiered form parallel to each other in the horizontal plane with the possibility of interaction in turn of one pair of contacts 74 and 75 with conductors 80 and 81 in the direct direction of power supply to the poles of the electromagnet 58 and another pair of contacts 76 and 77 with conductors 80 and 81 in the cross direction of power supply to the poles of the electromagnet 58.

The system for transferring wheel pairs from one track to another works as follows.

When moving along track 1 of greater width (see Fig. 1), the track width is comparable to the distance between wheels 6, 8 and 7, 9 in the position of wheels 6-9 parallel to the frame axis 4. Springs 49 and 50 of half-axles 47-52 are in a free state , contacts 53 and 54 are open, so the power circuit is also open, the switch 57 is in a position where the tip 62 does not interact with the protrusion 63, a pair of contacts 74 and 75 interacts with the conductors 80 and 81 in the forward direction, the piston 38 in the cylinder 37 is in the extreme right position, the protrusion 69 interacts with the limiter 68, two-way

Since the three-position distributor 44 is in the neutral position with the help of a spring 60, the tip 71 of the switch 59 does not interact with the protrusion 72 on the rod 39, the switch 59 closes the contacts on the conductor 81.

When moving from track 17 of a larger width to track C of a smaller width, the front wheels 6 and 7 begin to interact with the narrowing of the track of element 2, while under the action of the lateral force from the rails on the wheels 6 and 7, the springs 49, 50 are compressed and the half-axes 47 and 51 towards each other. Contacts 53 and 54 close, therefore, the power circuit also closes.

Power from the power source 56 of direct current with the help of conductors 80 and 81 through the switch 57, the closed switch 59 enters the poles of the electromagnet 58, which, overcoming the resistance of the spring 60, moves the two-way three-position distributor 44 to a position in which the compressed air from the pneumatic system of the car through the supply 45 main line with the help of pipeline 43 enters the rodless 40 cavity of the cylinder 37 and moves the piston 38 with the rod 39, transferring force to the element 10, which moves along the guides 11-14 from the frame 4. Air from the rod cavity 41 through the pipelines 42 and 46 is discharged into the atmosphere

Strut levers 17 and 18, turning in hinges 15, 16 and 19, 20, transmit forces to rotating parallel side links 21-24, which, turning in hinges 25-28 and 29-32, transmit forces to additional links 33 and 34 , which, moving along the movement of the element 10, occupy an unchanged parallel position relative to the longitudinal axis of the frame 4. At the same time, the semi-axes 47, 48 and 51, 52 of the axes 35 and 36 move towards each other, additionally compressing the compression springs 49, 50, narrowing the track, and wheels 6-9 move along the narrowing sections with some yuz, however, taking into account the smoothness of the transition and the length in the longitudinal direction of the distance of the narrowing of the track, for example, from a width of 1520 mm to a width of 1435 mm, this will not have a significant impact on the operational characteristics. The contact 53 under the action of the axial force of the closed contact 54, compressing the spring 55, slides along the outer surface of the semi-axis 47.

At the same time, the projection 69 and the projection 72 on the rod 39 move towards the limiter 67 and the tip 71, respectively. When the wheels 6-9 reach the track Z of smaller width, the protrusion 69, interacting with the limiter 67, moves the axis 64 in the guides 65 and 66. The protrusion 63, interacting with the tip 62, overcoming the resistance of the spring 61, moves the switch 57 to a position in which with the guides 80 and 81 interact contacts 76 and 77 in the cross direction. At the same time, the protrusion 72, interacting with the tip 71, overcoming the force of the spring 70, opens the contact of the switch 60 59 with the conductor-81, opening the circuit. The two-way three-position distributor 44 under the action of the spring 60 returns to the neutral position, fixing the system in the position of movement along the track

From a smaller width (see Fig. 2).

When moving from track C of smaller width to track 1 of greater width, the front wheels 6 and 7 switch to the expansion of the track of element 2. At the same time, under the action of the force of straightening springs 49, 50 compression, a short-term impulse is transmitted to the lever system of the device, element and rod 39, which allows move the protrusion 72 from the tip 71. Under the action of the spring 70, the switch 59 closes the contact on the conductor 81, therefore, the power circuit is also closed. Power from the power source 56 of direct current with the help of conductors 80 and 81 through the switch 57, the closed switch 59 enters the poles of the electromagnet 58, which, overcoming the resistance of the spring 60, 10 moves the two-way three-position distributor 44 to a position in which the compressed air from the pneumatic system of the car through the supply line 45, with the help of the pipeline 42 enters the rod cavity 41 of the cylinder 37 and moves the piston 38 with the rod 39, transferring force to the element 10, which moves along the guides 11-14 inside the frame 4.

Air from the rodless cavity 40 is discharged into the atmosphere through pipelines 43 and 46.

Strut levers 17 and 18, turning at hinges 15, 16 and 19, 20, transmit forces to the rotating parallel side links 21-24, which, turning at hinges 25-28 and 29-32, transmit forces to additional links 33 and 34, which, moving along the movement of the element 10, occupy an unchanged parallel position relative to the longitudinal axis of the frame 4. At the same time, the semi-axes 47, 48 and 51, 52 of the axes 35 and 36 move in opposite directions relative to each other, the compression springs 49, 50 are straightened, and the wheels 6-9 move along the expansion sections with some ease, however, taking into account the smoothness of the transition and the length in the longitudinal direction of the track expansion distance, for example, from a width of 1435 mm to a width of 1520 mm, it will not have a significant impact on the operational characteristics. Contact 53 together with closed contact 54 under the action of spring 55 slides along the outer surface of the semi-axis. 47. At the same time, the projection 69 and the projection 72 on the rod 39 move towards the limiter 68 and away from the tip 71, respectively. When the wheels 6-9 reach track 1 of greater width, the projection 69, interacting with the limiter 68, moves the axis 64 in the guides 65 and 66. The projection 63, interacting with the tip 62, overcoming the resistance of the spring 61, moves the switch 57 to the position in which the conductors 80 and 81 interact with contacts 74 and 75 in the forward direction. At the same time, contacts 53 and 54 open, turning off the circuit.

Z Two-way three-position distributor 44 under the action of the spring 60 returns to the neutral position, fixing the system in the state of movement along the track 1 of greater width.

Parallel side links 21-24 at the maximum width of track 1 are made with some inclination in the direction of the movement of the rectangular frame of element 10 from frame 4 to exclude the rotation of parallel side links 21-24 in the reverse direction and device breakage when moving from a larger track to a smaller one in the forward direction .

The power lever system of the device, on the one hand, together with compression springs 49 and 50, transfers the device from one track width to another, on the other hand, it balances the lateral pressure with the help of springs 49 and 50, compressing the wheels 6-9 on the rails of a narrow track when moving along last.

The second, rear, axle of the wagon, not mentioned in the text, works similarly to the one described above in the autonomous mode both in the mode of movement of the device forward and in the mode of movement of the device in the reverse direction.

Claims (2)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 1. A system for transferring wheel pairs from one track to another, containing a track of different widths, which smoothly transitions from one track width to another width, a frame with wheel carriages and a track change mechanism, which is made on the front and rear axles of the frame and is crank-sliding mechanisms of fragile bracing, where the element, which has the freedom of axial movement along the frame, is made in the form of a rectangular frame with the possibility of movement relative to the frame along the guides made on the frame, and is hinged with the help of bracing levers with rotating parallel side links of the same length, hinged in one plane with one end on the outer side of the frame, and with the other ends on additional links parallel to the axis of the frame, which connect the parallel side links to form parallelograms, while the wheel axles are hingedly mounted on additional links, the drive for moving the elements made in the form of a cylinder fixed on a frame containing a piston and a rod with a free end the rod is fixed on a rectangular frame, and the rodless and rod cavities of the cylinder are connected by means of pipelines through a two-way three-position distributor with the source of supply of the working medium, which is the pneumatic system of the car, while the front and rear wheel pairs of the carts are made with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis in one side, because the longitudinal movements of the rectangular frame along the guides relative to the frame and the longitudinal movements of the wheels with axles are made in different parallel horizontal planes, and the axles connecting wheel pairs from different sides are made in the form of telescopic half-axes, which consist of outer and inner semi-axes, which is distinguished by the fact that the specified inner semi-axes are spring-loaded with the help of compression springs relative to the outer semi-axes with the possibility of axial movement relative to the latter, contacts are installed on the inner and outer telescopic semi-axes with the possibility of closing an electric circuit, and the contact on the inner semi-axis performs ano spring-loaded and sliding with the possibility of axial movement relative to the latter, where the electric circuit contains a source of direct current, a pole switch of the electromagnet of a two-way three-position distributor of the working medium and a circuit breaker, and the parallel side links at the maximum track width are installed with an inclination in the direction of movement of the rectangular frame relative to the frame , the two-way three-position distributor is made with the possibility of automatic return to the neutral state with the help of a distributor spring, the electromagnet pole switch is spring-loaded and contains a tip of the switch placed on the rod with the possibility of interaction with the first protrusion made on the axis of the switch, which is placed parallel to the axis of the rod, has axial freedom movement and contains on the reverse side limiters with the possibility of interaction of the latter with the second projection made on the rod, the circuit breaker is spring-loaded and contains the tip of the switch, placed with the possibility of interaction with the third projection pom made on the rod, and the distance between the limiters on the axis of the switch and the distance between the tip of the switch and the third protrusion on the rod at the maximum distance of the tip of the switch from the third protrusion are compared to the longitudinal movement of the rectangular frame relative to the frame, and the total force of the springs of the telescopic half-axes is compared to the longitudinal force , which is transmitted by the rod to the rectangular frame when it is pushed out of the frame. 2. The system according to claim 1, which differs in that the electromagnet pole switch is made in the form of four pairs of contacts mounted on a rod on the opposite side from the tip of the switch, placed two pairs in two tiers, parallel to each other in the horizontal plane, with the possibility of interaction by alternately one pair of contacts of one tier with the conductors of the electric circuit in the direct direction of power supply to the poles of the electromagnet and another pair of contacts of another tier with these conductors in the cross direction of power supply to the poles of the electromagnet. Q. The system according to claim 1, which differs in that the standard electrical system of the train's direct current supply is used as a source of direct current. 5 553530 d as. КИ и и и я More M : и Z | Am I richer? 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