UA112839C2 - FIXING ELEMENT FOR FIXING OF BODY PARTS, FIXING DEVICES AND FIXING METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The first object of the invention is claimed locking element (13, 13 ', 14, 31, 32, 33, 44), made in the form of a flat element, in particular in the form of a strip extending in the longitudinal direction (34), along which the locking element is stretched on or around the object (12), and as a central component of the wavy core of sheet metal (18), which gives the locking element (13, 13 ', 14, 31, 32, 33, 44) the property of its rigidity and ability before long manual deformation and which is covered by a cover layer (19, 36, 37). The core waves (18) are oriented substantially parallel to said longitudinal direction (34). The means (20, 21, 27, 28, 38, 39) for the detachable mounting of the locking element (13, 13 ', 14, 31, 32, 33, 44) are arranged on the locking element. The second object of the invention is the use of a locking element for fixing the object (12) on or in a stable support (11). The object (12) is stacked on or in the support (11) and fixed relative to the support (11) by means of one or more locking elements (13, 13 ', 14) by holding the locking elements above the object (12), securing them on the support (11) and preventing movement relative to the support (11), in particular essentially circular to effect essentially circular fixation of the object (12).

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The invention generally belongs to the field of technical means of fastening and specifically to the field of medical tires. It concerns the fixing element according to the restrictive part of clause 1 of the claims, the application of this element and various devices equipped with such elements.

Prior art

From the patent documents SN 689 820 A5 and M/O-A1 97/22312, a medical tire is known, which has the feature that it contains as a core, which has its own rigidity, a metal plate that can be subjected to plastic deformation by hand without auxiliary means and is made uniformly wavy, and the crests and troughs of the waves pass essentially transversely to the main direction of the tire, that is, the axis of the tire.

The corrugated core plate, which is preferably made of aluminum and has a thickness of, for example, 0.2 to 0.4 mm, is covered on both sides by a cover layer selected according to the application. The inner covering layer can be made according to the type of padding to increase the comfort of wearing the tire. The outer covering layer can be made washable to make the tire insensitive to external influences.

The basic idea behind a tire of this type is that the wavy design of the core plate creates a "surface reserve" that makes it easier to fit the tire to irregular body shapes by deforming the waves can be made locally flatter by manual pressure or steeper to cause local flat stretching or compression of the tire.

Due to this, the formation of folds or cracks in the plate, which would occur when the flat plate is deformed, is reliably eliminated. In addition, due to the orientation of the waves of the core plate transverse to the direction of the tire when giving the tire a shape according to the shape of the body part being protected, the stiffness of the entire tire is increased, which gives the tire almost ideal properties in that it can be quickly and without auxiliary means fitted to shaped to the part of the body to be protected, it is light and comfortable to wear, and maintains the desired high rigidity while shaping it.

Until now, elastic or

They are mostly flexible textile bands, which by themselves do not limit the movement of the part of the body enclosed in the tire (see UMO 98/49979 A1 and UMO 2007/128199 AT).

However, in many cases it is desirable to have locking elements, with the help of which the protective effect of the tire can be enhanced, and which are also suitable for other applications.

The essence of the invention

Accordingly, the object of the invention is to create a fixing element that is suitable, in particular, for medical tires, that can be subjected to simple deformation without auxiliary means and provides accurate and reliable fixation. The solution to the problem is achieved in the objects of the invention according to clauses 1, 6 and 8 of the claims.

A distinctive feature of the fixing element according to the invention is that the waves of the wavy core plate are oriented essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction, and the means for releasable fastening of the fixing element are located on the fixing element. Due to the orientation of the waves parallel to the longitudinal direction, the fixing element can perceive tensile and compressive forces in the longitudinal direction without changing its length.

At the same time, due to the creation of wave-like folds of the core plate, the ability to deform is created, which provides the possibility of good manual fitting of the fixing element to irregular shapes.

Preferably, the core plate is made of aluminum and has a thickness of 0.2 to 1.2 mm. This gives it resistance to external influences and the possibility of more or less good deformation depending on the purpose of use.

The fixing element can be easily and repeatedly fixed without auxiliary means with high holding power when, according to the example of the implementation of the invention, the fastening means are made of the type of velcro fastener.

To protect the core plate and the object to be fixed, as well as to further improve the mechanical properties, the wavy surface can be covered on one or both sides with a flexible covering layer, preferably foam or fabric.

The application of the fixing element according to the invention consists in fixing the object on or in a stable support, while the object is placed on or in the support and fixed from moving relative to the support with the help of one or more fixing elements that pass over the object and fix on the support because at the same time it is better to fix the fixing element or elements separately on the support.

In particular, to fit the fixing element to the recess or protrusion in the outer contour of the object, the waves of the core plate are given a local plane by manual pressure.

The object can be a limb, while the support is part of a medical splint, and the limb is fixed in the splint. In special cases, additional fixing elements according to the invention are installed on the medical tire, which stabilize the tire in a certain, in particular, angular configuration.

Another application of the fixing element involves its use as a fixing bandage for a part of the body, and the fixing element is rotated around the part of the body that needs fixing, forming a helical spiral roll.

In this case, the roll can be stabilized in a predetermined configuration with the help of other fixing elements fixed on the outside of the roll.

List of drawings

Further, with reference to the attached drawings, examples of the implementation of the invention will be described in detail. On the drawings:

Fig. 1 depicts in perspective the fixation of the object on the support according to an example of the implementation of the invention.

Fig. 2 (a) shows a top view of a possible variant of the locking element according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 (B) is a cross-sectional view of the locking element of the present invention shown in FIG. 2(a), made along the "B-B" line.

Fig. C shows a known elbow splint with flexible fixing bands.

Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the fixing element according to the invention, like fig. 2, with other fasteners.

Fig. 5 shows an elbow splint according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention with rigid, plastically deformed manually locking elements in the form of strips, as well as with an additional lateral locking element in the bending area.

Fig. 6 shows the elbow splint of Fig. 5 with an additional lower fixing element in the area of the bend.

Fig. 7 shows a top view of a locking element according to the invention in the following example

From the version in which it is equipped with fastening means of the type of velcro fastening over the entire area.

Fig. 8 shows the fixing element of FIG. 7 in cross-section, with the Velcro-type cover layers shown separately in an enlarged view.

Fig. 9 shows a cross-section of the fixing element according to the invention for comprehensive fixation of two parts of the body.

Fig. 10 shows an example of a helical spiral roll with a fixing element according to the invention in the form of a strip for fixing a wrapped part of the body (not shown) along the roll axis.

Fig. 11 shows the roll of FIG. 10, and the coils of the roll are fixed relative to each other with the help of additional fixing elements applied from the outside.

Fig. 12 shows the application of the locking element according to the invention for locking a finger.

Fig. 13 schematically depicts a measuring system that can be used to determine the mobility of a part of the body locked in a tire.

Fig. 14 shows a diagram of the system measured in FIG. 13 flexibility and extension when applying a long splint for a saddle joint with conventional textile dressings (curve VI) and with fixing elements according to the invention (curve A1).

Fig. 15 shows a diagram measured by the system of FIG. 13 of transverse flexibility when applying a palm splint of the forearm with conventional textile dressings (curve B2) and with fixing elements according to the invention (curve Аг).

Fig. 16 shows a diagram of the system measured in FIG. 13 flexibility and extension when applying a palm splint of the forearm with conventional textile bandages (curve VZ) and with fixing elements according to the invention of different designs (curves AZ and A4).

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the invention

In Fig. 2, 4, 7 and 8 show examples of the implementation of the fixing element according to the invention. Fixing elements 13 and 13" according to Fig. 1, 2 and 4 will be further described in relation to their use with a fixing device. It goes without saying that other examples of use are possible within the framework of the invention.

In Fig. C shows an elbow splint of a known type. The elbow splint 22 includes a forearm portion 23 and a shoulder portion 24 that form an almost right angle with each other.

Both parts 23, 24 have an approximately O-shaped cross-sectional outline and 60 embrace the forearm or shoulder in such a way that they protrude only slightly above the tire parts. For fixing the elbow splint 22 on the arm according to the prior art solution, several flexible fastening tapes 25 are provided, which pass through the arm from one side of the splint to the other and are removably fixed there. To increase wearing comfort, the elbow splint 22 may have additional padding on the inside and may be perforated to allow air to flow to the arm resting on the splint.

The critical area of the known elbow splint 22 is the front end area in which the hand rests. The hand is positioned in the splint mainly on the edge of the palm and must be fixed in the splint with a long strap 26 passed between the thumb and forefinger.

Since this fastening tape is also made flexible, in many cases the fixation is insufficient: despite the fastening tape 26, the hand can, for example, rotate around its longitudinal axis, which in certain cases causes problems for hand damage and more or less reduces the effectiveness of the splint.

To eliminate this drawback, according to the invention, it is proposed to replace the flexible fastening tapes 26, and in certain cases, the tapes 25, with special fixing elements, shown as an example in Fig. 1, 2 and 4.

Fixing element 13 according to Fig. 1 and 2 has special deformation and stabilizing properties. Its basis is a corrugated core plate 18, preferably of aluminum, which has already been proposed earlier for use as a tire material (MO A! 97/22312). This publication is part of this application and it contains data on the best dimensions and other characteristics of the corrugated core plate 18. Unlike the tire material according to UMO A!1 97/22312, here the waves do not pass transversely, but parallel to the longitudinal direction (corresponding to the direction 34 on Fig. 7). This orientation of the core plate gives the fixing element 13 special properties. With a suitable thickness, the core plate 18 can be manually deformed without assistance, and the waves due to local compression become steeper and higher, or due to local stretching, they become gentler or disappear altogether. In this way, the wavy core plate can be adapted to an uneven outer contour or deformed without losing its rigidity. On the contrary, due to the deformation of the waves, the rigidity of the material increases, so that it can better perform its supporting function. At the same time, the orientation of individual waves is parallel

From the longitudinal direction 34 practically ensures the exclusion of stretching or compression of the material in this direction with a corresponding change in length. The core plate (18) has a cover layer (17, 19) on one side or on both sides.

When using instead of the flexible fastening tape 26 such a fixing element 13, which forms a strip, or even a fixing element of a large area, deformed to form an irregular shape, in the elbow splint 22 of fig. With (see Fig. 5 or 6) or in another tire, such as described as an example at the beginning, this fixing element can be deformed along the contour of the brush, which is in the position shown, and due to its rigidity, reliably holds the brush in this position . In this case, an unintentional dangerous turn of the brush is no longer possible.

As shown in Fig. 3, when using the fixing element 13 in a medical splint, it is advisable that it has a cover 19 on one side or on both sides, which prevents direct contact of the skin with the core plate 18 and is preferably made of foam or fabric. In addition, the locking element can be perforated to allow air exchange with the parts of the body to be closed.

For releasable fastening of the fixing element 13 on the tire, it can be equipped at the ends with surface fastening means 20 and 21, which are part of a fastening system of the type of velcro fastener in the form of areas with hooks (see also Fig. 8). As a corresponding part, a pile material with corresponding loops can be located on the surface of the tire. The system can be used particularly flexibly when the entire surface of the tire has a coating that serves as part of the Velcro fastener, for example, a loop pile material, so that the fixing elements according to the present invention can be fixed on the outside of the tire in any places.

However, instead of a built-in Velcro system, the fixing element 13' of Fig. 4 can also be equipped with fastening means 27, 28, which are located at the ends of the element and have the form of flexible, preferably non-extensible bars, equipped with hooks, buttons or other means for detachable fastening of fixing elements according to the present invention. There is also an option in which the fixing elements are attached to the tire separately (or permanently). In contrast, the one-sided formation of the fixing elements on the tire together with it has the disadvantage that when cutting the base material, a relatively large amount of material is lost to waste. because it is obvious that within the framework of the invention, the fixing elements 13, 13" of the type shown in Fig. 2 and 4 can be used not only for the elbow splint of Fig. 3, but also for other medical splints, where it is necessary to quickly and reliably obtain a stable and accurate fixation of the part protected by the splint in relation to the support. Here we can also mention shoulder splints, in which the combination of a splint-type support with locking elements according to the invention enables the splint, while providing wearing comfort, to be adapted to the shape of the shoulder and fixed in such a way that cannot shift, but allows sufficient freedom of movement.

In particular, when using the fixing elements according to the invention in medical tires due to the different number of elements, their different geometry and different thickness of the plate, on the basis of the O-shaped base tire, the entire area from semicircular to full circular seamless overlap can be overlapped, and thanks to the special properties of the material tires in each case provide high adaptability and great wearing comfort.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 5 and b for the elbow splint 30, additional fixing elements 31, 32 can be used to further stabilize the elbow splint (or other splints) in a certain (angular) configuration. The fixing elements 31, 32 are made similar to the fixing elements 13, 13 and 14 and therefore have a corresponding inherent stiffness and tensile strength in the longitudinal direction. When the elbow splint 30 in fig. 5 is bent in the bending region 29 at approximately a right angle or at another predetermined angle, this angular position can be stabilized in a simple way by the fact that a rigid fixing element 31 is attached in the form of a brace with an oblique crossing of the angular region in order to securely bind the region 29 bend. Such fixing elements 31 can be fixed both on one side and on both sides of the tire.

However, it is also possible to stabilize and stiffen the elbow splint 30 or similar splints of FIG. 6 in another way with the help of additional externally reinforced fixing elements 32, when in certain situations the inherent stiffness of the tire material is insufficient. As shown in

Fig. 6, such stiffening can be done in the area 29 of the bend. However, fixing elements can also be provided in other places of the tire that are subject to heavy loads. In this case, it is advisable to use plates of increased thickness in the range from 0.6 to 1.2 mm.

However, the invention can be used far beyond the field of medical tires, in

From a broad aspect, wherever it is necessary to quickly and reliably fix an object of a certain contour on a stable support. Such a general application case is shown in Fig. 1.

The object, in this case a cylindrical object or body 12, which rests on a stable support 11 with a base 11a and parallel side walls 116, 11c, must be fixed on the support 11 in such a way that it cannot move (roll or slide ) relative to the support 11. For this, the ends of the object 12 are fixed by two fixing elements 13 and 14 in the form of strips of the type shown in Fig. 2 or 4, while the fixing elements are given a shape corresponding to the round edges at the ends of the cylinder and the side walls 116, 11c of the support 11. For fixing the fixing elements 13 and 14, which are given the shape, from the outer sides of the side walls 116, 11c are provided, for example , areas 15 and 16 of fastening with densely distributed small loops, for which the fixing element 13 in fig. 2 can be flatly engaged with its fastening means 20, 21 by the type of velcro fastener. Other types of removable or non-removable fastening are possible.

Due to the inherent rigidity of the fixing elements 13, 13" with the core plate 18 on the support 11, even heavy bodies can be fixed from shifting or rolling, and shaping the outer contour can be done quickly and easily by hand without auxiliary means.

Possibilities of using the fixing elements according to the invention are particularly universal when they are like the fixing element 33 of Fig. 7 and 8, have cover layers 36, 37 over the entire area on opposite sides, which, as corresponding parts, can form a Velcro fastener.

At the same time, loops are formed on one covering layer 36, and corresponding hooks 39 are located on the other covering layer. Covering layers 36 and 37, for example, are connected to each other at the edges by an elastic seam 35 and form a closed cover, in which there is a wavy core plate 18, and its waves, as shown in Fig. 7 dashed lines oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction 34.

The fixing element 33 made in this way can, for example, as shown in fig. 9, to be looped around the two body parts 40a, 400 adjacent to each other to hold the two partial bodies together with or without a gap after the loop is closed by means of an overlapping Velcro fastener. At the same time, partial bodies can be made in the form of a solid body or in the form of halves of an empty shell or otherwise. As shown in Fig. 9, while the fixing element 33, due to its properties, can fit into recesses or protrusions or other irregularities on the bodies. A particularly strong connection is obtained when the body parts 40a, 405 are equipped on their outer surfaces with a system of loops or hooks corresponding to the fixing element 33, so that a detachable but stable connection of the fixing element 33 with the body parts 40a, 40p is provided over the entire inner surface fixing element 33.

In the case when the fixing element 33 is made in the form of a relatively long strip, it can be used particularly simply and effectively as a fixing bandage, as shown in Fig. 10, 11 and 12. According to Fig. 10, the fixing element 33 is wrapped around (not shown) a part of the body, for example, around a forearm or a leg or a finger (Fig. 12) and at the same time is fitted to the shape of the body part. A coil 41 is formed in the form of a helical spiral, which due to the inner core plate 18 has a relative stability of shape, but may be slightly bent in the longitudinal direction and slightly compressed or stretched. At the same time, the stability of the form depends mainly on the thickness of the plate and is especially high when plates with a thickness of about 1 mm are used. If, in contrast, the ability to give shape comes to the fore, plates with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm are preferred.

It is better not to leave gaps between the turns of the roll.

When good formability must be combined with high form stability, it is advisable to choose plates of small thickness and either form the roll 41 with overlapping turns so that they stabilize each other, or according to Fig. 11 to fasten on the outside of the roll 41 additional fixing elements 42, 43, which are oriented in the direction of the roll axis and keep the gaps between the turns constant, thereby fixing the roll shape.

Finally, in Fig. 12 shows the use of such a fixing element 44 for easy protection of the index finger 46 of the hand 45 with a splint. In this way, the movement of the finger 46 can be purposefully limited. Due to the use of additional fixing elements (not shown in Fig. 12), for example, also in the form of strips of Velcro fixing element 44 can be stiffened according to the type of Fig. 11. Next, you can use an additional locking element to connect the locking element 44 to the splint for the wrist and forearm and in this way fix the wrapped finger relative to the hand or forearm.

The intense locking action of the locking elements when they are used is applicable to medical tires, such as those shown in Fig. 5 and 6, was also verified experimentally.

For this, the forearm was placed in an O-shaped splint covering a semicircle and alternatively

Zo was fixed with textile dressings or fixing elements according to the invention. In the area of the wrist according to Fig. 13, the first ultrasonic marker 47 was attached to the back of the hand, and the second ultrasonic marker 48 was attached to the forearm. The ultrasonic markers sent ultrasonic pulses, which were received by the ultrasonic pulse receiver 49 and transmitted to the processing unit 50 for spatial motion analysis. Such a measuring system for real-time analysis of spatial movements in sports and medicine is supplied, for example, under the brand

CM5 by 7ebgi5-Medis! Site

The radial or elbow deviation (4 in Fig. 13) during the movement of the brush 45 in one direction and in the other direction as a function of time was taken into account as a criterion for the fixing action. In Fig. 14-16 present diagrams of these characteristics for different types of tires. Curves AT-A4 measurements show a variable deviation when using fixing elements according to the invention, and curves B1-BZ3 measurements show a variable deviation when using conventional textile bandages.

At the same time, Fig. 14 refers to the case of using a long splint for the saddle joint and the associated flexibility and extension.

Fig. 15 refers to the use of a palm splint for the forearm and the associated transverse flexion.

Fig. 16 also relates to the use case of a palm splint for the forearm, where the locking elements of the present invention are used with aluminum sheet reinforcement plates of different thicknesses. At the same time, the AZ measurement curve refers to an aluminum plate with a thickness of 1.2 mm, and the A4 measurement curve - to an aluminum plate with a thickness of 0.6 mm.

In all cases, it can be seen that the fixing elements contribute significantly to the fixation of the limbs locked in the splint, and the degree of fixation also depends on the performance of the fixing elements themselves.

List of items 10 Fixing device 11 Support 11a Base 116,11c Side wall 12 Object 13, 13, 14 Fixing element according to the present invention 15,16 Mounting area

18 Corrugated core plate 17,19 Cover layer 20,21 Fasteners (e.g. Velcro type) 22, 30 Elbow splint 23 Forearm part 24 Shoulder part 25, 26 Fastener tape 27, 28 Fasteners 23 Bend area 31, 32, 33 Fixing element 34 Longitudinal direction

Elastic seam 36, 37 Covering layer 38, 39 Means for removable fastening of the fixing element d4ba, 406 Body part 1 Roll 42, AZ, 44 Fixing element

Brush 46 Index finger 47, 48 Ultrasonic marker 43 Receiver of ultrasonic pulses

Processing unit

A1-A4 Measurement curve (with fixing elements)

В1-в3 Measuring curve (with textile bandages, without fixing elements)

Claims (10)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 1. A locking element, made in the form of a flat element, which is a strip that contains a rigid, manually deformable, corrugated metal plate and has a longitudinal axis and two longitudinally opposite end regions, the axis runs in the direction along which the locking element stretched over or around the object, wherein the waves of the fixing element are oriented substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fixing element, the corrugated metal plate is mounted on both surfaces with an outer coating layer and at least on their longitudinally opposite end regions, with means for releasable fastening of the fixing element on or around the object. 2. The fixing element according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the wavy metal plate is made of aluminum. C. The fixing element according to claim 2, characterized in that the corrugated metal plate has a thickness of 0.2 to 1.2 mm. 4. The fixing element according to claim 1, characterized in that the means include Velcro-type fasteners. 5. The fixing element according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the covering layers are made of a flexible material selected from the group of foam materials or fabric. b. A device for fixing an object, containing a stable support for supporting the object and at least one fixing element, and at least one fixing element is made in the form of a flat element, which is a strip, which contains a rigid, manually deformable, wavy metal plate and has a longitudinal axis and two longitudinally opposite end regions, the axis extending in the direction along which the fixing member is stretched on or around the fixed support, the waves of the metal plate being substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fixing member, the wavy metal plate being mounted on both surfaces with an outer covering layer and at least on their longitudinally opposite end regions, with means for releasably attaching the fixing element to said support for fixing the object supported by the support, and said support includes suitable fastening means applied to the connection with fastening means of at least one fixing element 7. The device according to claim 6, which is characterized by the fact that the support is a medical tire. 8. A method of fixing a body part by using a fixing element, where the fixing element is made in the form of a flat element, which is a strip that contains a rigid, manually deformable, wavy metal plate and has a longitudinal axis and two end regions opposite in the longitudinal direction, the axis passes in the direction along which the fixing element is stretched on or around the object, the waves of the fixing element are oriented essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fixing element, the corrugated metal plate is installed on both surfaces with the outer coating layer and at least on their opposite surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the end regions, with means for releasably attaching the fixing element to or around the object, the fixing element being wound around the object to form a spiral roll to hold the object in place. 9. The method according to claim 8, which is characterized by the fact that the fixing element in the form of a formed spiral roll is held by means of elements fixed externally on the spiral roll. 10. The method according to claim 8, which differs in that the object is a part of the body, for example a finger, and the fixing element is wound spirally around the part of the body. AND? | x s i 7 BOI MYZhtK OK z ikh she sce Ky p tah U e 5 7 І Ж ' : a m Ше " . zhd v. va Ii. 10 th вn " vy ; r / ; 15 But from the horn. 1 In Am no KM o peneiKo g. MEN o CC. OO | o i I ; | Her 1iz al chi I I ton om ki i ii i | B) Fig. 2 HE in va o OO o s OO NO OO s . oh oh oh." ECO LLC: s s o o. s o OK s s s s o. o o o p SUA TO x OK OK MO DOKOKYA a . o Z s p s s 0. p. s s i z o. p s MOU MON 5 o'clock PO OH o. o o OO OK SOU o OKO OO OH OKKO OO PO ZOM M U OKKO Me OO OKOM KO TEO o B U B Oh MO MU pa OO M oh 5 a o s s o s o. at. o S. ZO i KK MOZKOVU OO 5: KY o s s M OO KAH i UMVe o My PE Z OO OH OK OO i s . o s o o OO o. s s 0-2 p s s y 24 EMO KO s o y os - o s s ia S OO OKH KV KE o a o i o OH KOH MOU AK s . o s p p OO a i Ma M pn i p Z OO xx Zx Zx XX more s co I xx WHAT U annia moh 26 23 5 23 25 "i Or. WITH