UA10640U - method for manufacture of concave bottoms - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for manufacture of concave bottoms includes deformation by depression of billet by punch in the cavity of matrix during its axial displacement into said cavity, moreover the axis of punch is mounted at an angle T with the axis of matrix, and the spring-loaded finger is installed along the axis of matrix and enters the conical cavity of punch, in this case, matrix or punch are subject to rotation.

Description

Description of the invention

The method refers to the field of engineering, namely to the technology of metal pressure treatment and can find 2 applications in the production of convex (spherical, ellipsoidal, etc.) bottoms of boilers, tanks, chemical apparatus.

There is a known method of manufacturing convex bottoms, during which the rotating workpiece is deformed by a pressure roller that moves along the forming frame, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the resulting product |1). This method is characterized by low labor productivity and low quality of the obtained product, 70 since several consecutive passes of the pressure roller are necessary to obtain the product.

Also known, chosen as a prototype, is the method of manufacturing convex bottoms with a hood from sheet material, which includes deformation by pressing the workpiece with a punch into the cavity of the matrix during its axial movement into the mentioned cavity |2). The disadvantage of the known method is that its implementation requires powerful forge-press equipment (hydropress), which leads to the occurrence of large deformation forces 72. At the same time, most often the extraction of large bottoms requires heating the workpieces to the forging temperature. This method is implemented and used at JSC "Azovmash" (Mariupol).

The invention is based on the task of reducing the deformation force due to significant localization of the deformation zone.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing convex bottoms with a cylindrical section from sheet material, by pressing the blank with a punch into the cavity of the matrix during its axial movement into the said cavity, in the process of pressing the punch into the cavity of the matrix, the axis of the latter is set at an angle of σ to the axis of the matrix, and a spring-loaded finger is mounted along its axis, which enters the conical cavity of the punch, at the same time, the matrix or punch is set to rotate, and the angle o and the height of the working part of the punch are determined by the following dependencies:

From -28

No- (Well - 8). vipo, o zo de Or - the diameter of the punch;

Ohm - matrix diameter; -

C - the thickness of the sheet material; Ge

Well - the depth of the matrix.

The essence of the proposed manufacturing method is explained by the drawings showing the stages of the process

Production at the initial and final moments of time (fig. 1 - initial; fig. 2 - final; fig. 3 - final "- moment of time, where the cylindrical belt is depicted).

The proposed method of obtaining a convex bottom is carried out in the following sequence. The flat workpiece 1, in which the axial hole is made, is installed in the matrix 2 on the spring-loaded finger Z with the depth of the working cavity Nu, while the matrix 2 has a working profile that corresponds to the outer diameter Оу of the profile " of the product 4 and is located in the bearing assembly 5 with a rotation drive (not marked on the drawing). The punch b, stv) s which is mounted in the bearing assembly 7 and fixed on the drive longitudinal caliper (not shown in the drawing), set at an angle o to the axis of rotation of the matrix 2, is brought into contact with the workpiece 1, at ;" why the end of the finger Z enters the conical cavity 8 of the punch 6. Then turn on the rotation drive of the matrix 2 Mer and set the feed of the punch 6 by longitudinally moving the device along the arrow A, at the same time due to frictional forces

The blank 1 and the punch 6 are rotated, the blank is rolled between the matrix 2 and the punch 6, which deforms to a given convex shape at the end of the process.

The calibration of the cylindrical part of the bottom is carried out on the cylindrical part 8 of the matrix 2 (Fig. 3), with the belt o 9 of the punch 6, which calibrates, in the final stage of the process. After the end of the process, turn off the rotation drive b of the matrix 2, the punch 6 is moved to the initial position, and the resulting product is pushed out by the edge of the spring-loaded finger 3. Shk Example. The proposed method was implemented on a lathe. A matrix with an ellipsoidal working surface, Оу-16 Омм, was attached to the chuck of the lathe. A pin with a diameter of 1 mm was installed along the axis of the matrix.

The punch was mounted in the housing on bearings. The body was fixed in the cutter holders of the lathe, which provides the possibility of installing the punch at an angle of 102 to the axis of the matrix. A workpiece with a diameter of 185 mm and a wall thickness of 0.5 mm made of St3 steel was installed on the pin fixed in the matrix.

The punch fixed on the caliper at an angle of 102 was brought into contact with the workpiece (Fig. 1). Then they turned on the drive with a rotation frequency of 400 rpm. and the drive of the longitudinal feed of the caliper with a feed of 0.1 mm/rev, while measuring the force developed by the longitudinal caliper. This effort did not exceed 5000OH in the final stage of the process. The diameter of the product after deformation had a deviation of no more than 0.1 mm from the nominal dimensions, 60 the surface roughness corresponded to the roughness of the original sheet. According to the known calculated data, the extraction force |1) of the mentioned convex bottom is equal to 82000N. Therefore, the proposed method provides a 16-fold reduction in deformation force.

Sources of information: 1. Graditor M.A. Press work and rotary extrusion. M.: Mashinostroenie, 1971. - p. 24. 65 2. Romanovsky V.P. Handbook of cold stamping. M.: Mashinostroenie 1971, p. 371.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention The method of manufacturing convex bottoms, which includes deformation by pressing the workpiece with a punch into the cavity of the matrix during its axial movement into the mentioned cavity, which differs in that the axis of the punch is set at an angle "y to the axis of the matrix, and a spring-loaded spring is mounted along the axis of the matrix a finger that enters the conical cavity of the punch, while the matrix or punch is set to rotate, and the angle "|i /o0 The height of the working part of the punch is determined by the following dependencies: с, - авсой ЦО Ом -25 Op. Npya -(Ny- 28)k- poi; she: where Op is the diameter of the punch; You are 7 diameter of the matrix; 8 - thickness of sheet material; Ni is the depth of the matrix. - «c) « (Se) «c) є - with . and? - («c) (o) sh» (42) p 60 b5