UA105812C2 - Method for treating of bananas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating of bananas, which lies in the fact that the following stages are carried out, at which: (a) the bananas are subjected to the effect of atmosphere, which comprises one or several compounds, having the activity characteristic for ethylene; (b) after the stage (a) the mentioned bananas are subjected to the effect of atmosphere, which comprises one or several cyclopropenic compounds in a concentration of 0.5 part./bln or higher, in doing so the colour of the bananas corresponds to a stage from 2 to 6 according to the seven-score scale, (c) the concentration of a cyclopropenic compound in the atmosphere, surrounding the bananas, is reduced up to lower than 0.5 part./bln, and (d) after the stage (c) the bananas are kept in a packing with a modified atmosphere in the course of at least one continuous hour. In doing so the stage (d) is started in up to 72 hours after finishing the stage (c). Also in the proposed method the packing with the modified atmosphere is formed in such a manner as to allow the speed of penetrating carbon dioxide into the packing as a whole (PCT) to be from 2400 to 120000 cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of the mentioned bananas.

Description

Bananas are usually harvested by cutting the bunch of bananas from the pseudostem on which it grows.

After picking, the bunches are often broken into smaller, connected groups called "bunches" or, synonymously, "bundles." It is customary to collect and then transport bananas by sea while their skin is green. Transportation by sea over a long distance is often carried out at a low temperature (for example, at 14 g C). It is believed that with such transportation by sea, bananas ripen very slowly, as a rule, while remaining green.

It is also accepted after delivering bananas to the place where they are to be sold, to place them in a closed volume and expose them to gaseous ethylene. As a rule, ethylene treatment is carried out within 24-48 hours. at 14-18 2 C in an atmosphere in which the concentration of ethylene is 100-1000 microliters per liter (parts/billion). After treatment with ethylene, bananas tend to ripen faster.

When bananas ripen as a result of the normal ripening process, their skin gradually turns yellow; the skin remains yellow for some time; then a small number of black spots form on the skin, and eventually the bananas overripe, which is undesirable.

It is necessary to store bananas as long as possible in the desired condition (that is, in a condition acceptable to the consumer). When in this condition, the bananas are ripe but have not yet developed undesirable characteristics of the overripe stage, such as one or more of the following characteristics: the presence of a large number of black spots on the skin, a black skin, an undesirable brown flesh color or the flesh becoming too soft.

K.M. Vazei and others. in the report "Popd 5pei Iye Vapapa Ziogade Ozipd MAR 5iogade Sociriei UM

Rosiyaglezi MOR Tteaitepi" (Ipviyshe oi Bod Teshnpoiodiwii, 2002 Apptsa! Meyippa apa Rood Ehroh, available at pEriy. sopteh.sot/p/2002Lesprgodgat/rareg 13343.pit), described the use of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and 1-methylcyclopropene ( The methods described by Vazei and co-authors make it possible to delay the onset of ripening of bananas, and after the onset of ripening, to prolong the ripening process.

There is a need for methods to ripen bananas to a condition suitable for retail sale and/or consumption, and in which the bananas retain said desired condition for a longer period of time than that achieved by prior art methods. . The most important is the development of a method of storage and processing of bananas, which allows for a longer period of time to keep bananas in a condition in which they can be eaten.

Brief summary of the essence of the invention

Thus, one of the objects of the present invention is a method of processing bananas, which consists in carrying out the stages in which: (a) exposing the bananas to an atmosphere containing one or more compounds having an activity characteristic of ethylene, which selected from the group consisting of ethylene, ethylene-releasing agents and compounds with high ethylene-specific activity, (b) after performing stage (a), said bananas are exposed to an atmosphere containing one or more cyclopropene derivatives, while the color of the bananas corresponds to stage 2 -6 on a seven-point scale, in which the bananas are kept in a modified atmosphere package for a period of time including at least a time interval of 1 hour, wherein said time interval begins in the time period from the end of stage (b) to 72 hours after the completion of stage (b), and the package with a modified atmosphere is created in such a way that the rate of penetration of carbon dioxide into the whole package (PCT) is from 2400 to 1200 00 cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of bananas.

Detailed description of the invention

In the context of this description, "banana" refers to any member of the genus Myza, including, for example, bananas (dessert) and forage bananas (plantano).

When a compound specified in this description is present in gaseous form in the atmosphere at a concentration expressed as "parts per million", then the concentration represents parts by volume of the compound per million parts by volume of the atmosphere. Similarly, " often / billion." (which is equivalent to microliters per liter) represents the parts by volume of the specified compound per billion parts by volume of the atmosphere.

In the context of this description, the term "polymer film" refers to a material made of polymer, the size of which in one direction ("thickness") is significantly smaller than in the other two directions, and which has a relatively uniform thickness. The polymer film is usually 1 mm or less thick.

The present invention provides for the use of one or more cyclopropene derivatives. In the context of this specification, a cyclopropene derivative refers to any compound of the formula

Where in which K", B-, BZ and KYA are each independently selected from the group that includes H and a chemical group of the formula: "Op2, in which n means an integer from 0 to 12. Y each means a divalent radical. Acceptable | - groups are, for example, radicals that contain one or more atoms selected from H, B, C, M, O, P, 5, 51 or their mixtures. Atoms in the I-group can be connected to each other single bonds, double bonds, triple bonds, or by a combination of these bonds. Each K-group can be a linear, branched, cyclic group, or can represent a combination of them. In any K-group ( i.e., in any of the K-, FIZ2-, IVZ-, and K:-groups) the total number of heteroatoms (that is, atoms that are neither H nor C) is from 0 to 6.

In any of the K-groups independently of each other, the total number of atoms other than hydrogen is 50 or less. 2 each represents a monovalent radical. 2 each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, nitroso, azido, chlorate, bromate, iodate, isocyanato, isocyanido, isothiocyanato, pentafluorothio, and chemical group b, where b means 3-14-h - linen ring system.

Groups EK", B2, VZ and KE" are independently selected from acceptable groups. The groups K", Bg, BZ and Kk can be the same or any of them can be different from each other. The groups that can be used as one or more groups K', B2, BZ and K" can be linked directly to the cyclopropene ring or may be linked to the cyclopropene ring through a bridging group, such as, for example, a group containing a heteroatom.

In the context of this description, it is meant that a group of interest is "substituted" if one or more hydrogen atoms in the chemical group of interest is replaced by a substituent(s).

Acceptable substituents are, for example, alkyl, alkenyl, acetylamino, alkoxy, alkyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxyimino, carboxy, halogen, haloalkyl, hydroxy, alkylsulfonyl, alkylthio, trialkylsilyl, dialkylamino, and combinations thereof.

Acceptable groups K', 82, VZ and KK? are, for example, substituted and unsubstituted versions of any of the following groups: aliphatic, aliphatic oxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkylphosphonato, alkylphosphate, alkylamino, alkylsulfonyl, alkylcarboxyl, alkylaminosulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, cycloalkylamino, heterocyclyl (ie aromatic or non-aromatic cyclic groups containing rings at least one heteroatom), aryl, hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano group, nitro group, nitroso group, azido group, chlorato group, bromato group, iodato group, isocyanato group, isocyanido group, isothiocyanato group, pentafluorothio group; acetoxy group, carboethoxy group, cyanato group, nitrate group, nitrite group, perchlorato group, allenyl; butyl mercapto group, diethylphosphonato group, dimethylphenylsilyl, isoquinolyl, mercapto group, naphthyl, phenoxy group, phenyl, piperidino group, pyridyl, quinolyl, triethylsilyl and trimethylsilyl.

Among the acceptable groups K", B-, VZ and EK", groups containing one or more ionized groups of substituents should be noted. These ionized groups can be in the non-ionized form or in the form of a salt.

The scope of the invention also includes variants of the invention, in which KZ and K" are combined into one group, which is attached to the one located in the C position of the carbon atom of the cyclopropene ring by means of a double bond. Some of these compounds are described in the publication US Patent 2005/0288189.

In the best embodiments of the invention, one or more cyclopropenes are used, in which one or more EK", 82, BZi 7 means hydrogen. In more desirable variants of the invention, K"', H2g, BZ and

IN? each represents hydrogen or methyl. In more preferred embodiments of the invention, K' means C.-

Slalkil and Kg, VZ and EK" each represent hydrogen. In more preferred embodiments of the invention, K!' means methyl and C2, B3 and B" each means hydrogen, and the cyclopropene derivative is designated in this specification as "1-

MOR".

In preferred embodiments of the invention, a cyclopropene derivative is used, which at a pressure of one atmosphere has a boiling point of 50"C or lower, or 25"C or lower, or 15"C or lower.

In some independent preferred embodiments of the invention, a cyclopropene derivative is used, which at a pressure of one atmosphere has a boiling point of -1007 C or higher; -507 C or higher; or 25"

C or higher; or 0" C or higher.

In the context of this description, the term "compound having ethylene-specific activity" refers to a compound that is an ethylene-releasing agent or a compound with high ethylene-specific activity.

In the context of this specification, the term (modified atmosphere package)” (“MAP”) refers to an envelope in which the gaseous atmosphere present inside the envelope is changed relative to the normal composition of the atmosphere when the ripening product is inside the envelope. MAR is a shell in the sense that it is a package that can be lifted and transported with the product inside it. The MAP may allow gas exchange with the ambient atmosphere outside the MAP, but it may not have the specified property. MAP may be permeable to the diffusion of any particular gas regardless of its permeability or impermeability to any other gas, but may not have the specified property.

In the context of this description, the term "monomer" refers to a compound that has one or more carbon-carbon double bonds that can participate in a polymerization reaction. In the context of this description, the term "olefinic monomer" refers to a monomer whose molecules contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. In the context of this description, the term "polar monomer" refers to a monomer whose molecules contain one or more polar groups. Polar groups are, for example, hydroxyl, thiol, carbonyl, carbon-sulfur double bond, carboxyl, sulfonic acid, ester bonds, other polar groups, and combinations thereof.

The method proposed in this invention consists in bringing bananas into contact with one or more compounds having ethylene activity. Suitable ethylene-releasing agents are, for example, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon), abscisic acid and other compounds that act in a similar way to cause precipitation. Suitable compounds with high ethylene activity are, for example, propylene, vinyl chloride, carbon monoxide, acetylene, 1-butene and other compounds with high ethylene activity. In preferred embodiments of the invention, ethylene is used for treatment with a compound having activity characteristic of ethylene.

A temperature of 13.37 C or higher is the preferred temperature for treating bananas with a compound that has ethylene activity; more preferably 147 C or higher. The preferred temperature for treating bananas with a compound having ethylene activity is 18.3°C or below.

Bananas can be treated with a compound with ethylene activity using any method. For example, bananas can be in an atmosphere that contains in gaseous form molecules of one or more compounds that have the activity characteristic of ethylene. A gaseous compound with activity characteristic of ethylene is introduced into the atmosphere surrounding the bananas using any method. For example, a gaseous compound with ethylene activity may be released into the atmosphere so close to the bananas that the ethylene activity comes into contact with the bananas before the ethylene activity does. moves away as a result of diffusion from bananas. In another example, bananas can be placed in a shell (ie, an air-tight (hermetic) container that includes a certain volume of atmosphere) and a gaseous compound having the characteristic activity of ethylene can be introduced into the shell.

In some embodiments of the invention, in which a gaseous compound having ethylene activity is contacted with bananas, the bananas are inside a permeable surrounding device, and a compound having ethylene activity is introduced into the atmosphere outside the permeable surrounding device. In the specified embodiments of the invention, the permeable surrounding device contains one or more bananas and allows some contact between the compound having ethylene activity and the bananas, for example, allowing some amount of the compound having ethylene activity to diffuse through the permeable surrounding device either through the pores of the permeable surrounding device or as a result of a combination of these pathways. Said permeable surrounding device may also qualify as a MAP as noted above, but may not qualify as a MAP.

In embodiments of the invention, in which a gaseous compound having an activity characteristic of ethylene is introduced into the shell, the introduction can be carried out by any method.

For example, a compound with the characteristic activity of ethylene can be obtained by a chemical reaction and injected into the shell. According to another example, a compound having ethylene activity can be held in a container, such as a compressed gas tank, and released from the container into a shell.

Variants of the invention are preferred, according to which the gaseous compound, which has the characteristic activity of ethylene, is introduced into the shell, in which there are also bananas. The desired concentration of the compound, which has the characteristic activity of ethylene, in the atmosphere inside the shell is 20 parts. / million or higher; more preferably 50 times. / million or higher; more preferably 100 times. / million or higher. The desired concentration of the compound, which has the characteristic activity of ethylene, in the atmosphere inside the shell is 1000 parts. / million or lower, or 500 times. / million or lower, or 300 times. / million or less.

The preferred duration of exposure of bananas to an atmosphere containing a compound having ethylene activity is 8 hours or more; 16 hours is more desirable. or more; preferably 20 hours. or more The desired length of stay of bananas in the atmosphere, which contains a compound with activity characteristic of ethylene, is 48 hours. or less; more preferably 36 hours. or less; preferably 24 hours. or less

Preferably, the bananas are subjected to a ripening cycle in which the bananas are stored in a normal atmosphere at a temperature of 187 C or below for 1 day or more after exposure of the bananas to an atmosphere containing a compound having ethylene activity. In the desired ripening cycle, bananas are exposed to an atmosphere containing a compound with ethylene activity for 20-28 hours. at a temperature from 13.3 to 18.37 C; then the bananas are kept in a normal atmosphere at the same temperature for 20-28 hours; and then the bananas are stored in a normal atmosphere at a temperature of 13.3-207 C for a period of time ranging from 1 to 6 days.

The method proposed in this invention consists in contacting bananas with one or more cyclopropene derivatives. This contacting can be done using any method. For example, bananas can be in an atmosphere that contains molecules of one or more cyclopropene derivatives in gaseous form. The gaseous cyclopropene derivative can be introduced into the atmosphere surrounding the bananas using any method. For example, a gaseous cyclopropene derivative may be released into the atmosphere so close to the bananas that the cyclopropene derivative contacts the bananas before the cyclopropene diffuses away from the bananas. In another example, the bananas can be placed in an envelope (ie, an air-tight (hermetic) container that includes a certain volume of atmosphere) and a gaseous cyclopropene derivative can be introduced into the envelope.

In some embodiments of the invention, in which the gaseous cyclopropene derivative contacts the bananas, the bananas are inside the permeable surrounding device, and the cyclopropene derivative is introduced into the atmosphere outside the permeable surrounding device. In the specified cases of the implementation of the invention, the permeable surrounding device contains one or more bananas and allows a certain contact between the cyclopropene derivative and the bananas, for example, enabling a certain amount of the cyclopropene derivative to diffuse through the permeable surrounding device or through the pores of the permeable surrounding device or as a result of a combination of these ways.

Said permeable surrounding device may also qualify as a MAP as noted above, but may not qualify as a MAP.

In embodiments of the invention, in which the gaseous cyclopropene derivative is introduced into the shell, the introduction can be carried out using any method. For example, a cyclopropene derivative can be obtained using a chemical reaction and injected into the shell. According to another example, the cyclopropene derivative can be held in a container, such as a compressed gas tank, and released from the container into a shell. According to another example, the cyclopropene derivative can be in powder or granules or in another solid form that contains an encapsulated complex of the cyclopropene derivative in a molecular encapsulating agent. Such a complex is referred to in the context of this description as an "encapsulated cyclopropene-containing complex".

In embodiments of the invention in which a molecular encapsulating agent is used, acceptable molecular encapsulating agents are, for example, organic and inorganic molecular encapsulating agents. Organic molecular encapsulating agents are preferred. Acceptable organic encapsulating agents are, for example, substituted cyclodextrins, unsubstituted cyclodextrins and crown ethers. Acceptable inorganic encapsulating agents are, for example, zeolites. Mixtures of acceptable molecular encapsulating agents may also be used. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the encapsulating agent is alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, gamma-cyclodextrin or their mixtures. In some embodiments of the invention, especially when the cyclopropene derivative is 1-methylcyclopropene, the preferred encapsulating agent is alpha-cyclodextrin. The priority of the encapsulating agent may vary depending on the structure of the cyclodextrin derivative(s) or derivatives intended for use. According to this invention, any cyclodextrin or a mixture of cyclodextrins, cyclodextrin polymers, modified cyclodextrins or their mixtures can also be used.

The amount of molecular encapsulating agent can be characterized using the ratio of moles of molecular encapsulating agent and moles of cyclopropene derivative. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the ratio of moles of the molecular encapsulating agent and moles of the cyclopropene derivative is 0.3:1 or higher; more preferably 0.9:1 or higher; more preferably 0.92:1 or higher; more preferably 0.95:1 or higher. In independent preferred embodiments of the invention, the ratio of moles of the molecular encapsulating agent and moles of the cyclopropene derivative is 2:11 or lower; more preferably 1.5:1 or lower. In more preferred embodiments of the invention, the ratio of moles of the molecular encapsulating agent and moles of the cyclopropene derivative is from 0.95:1 to 1.5:1.

In some embodiments of the invention, the cyclopropene derivative is introduced into the shell containing the bananas by placing the encapsulated cyclopropene-containing complex in the shell and then contacting the cyclopropene-containing encapsulated complex with it to release the agent. The release agent is a compound that, upon contact with the encapsulated complex containing cyclopropene, enhances the release of the cyclopropene derivative into the atmosphere. In some embodiments of the invention, water (or a liquid containing 50 95 or more water by weight of liquid) is used as an effective release agent.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, a solid product that includes an encapsulated complex containing cyclopropene is placed in a shell containing bananas, and water is brought into contact with the solid product. Contact with water leads to the release of cyclopropene into the atmosphere in the shell. For example, a solid product can be in the form of a tablet that includes, optionally along with other ingredients, an encapsulating complex that contains a cyclopropene derivative and one or more ingredients that cause gas release.

In other exemplary embodiments of the invention, the solid product can be placed in a shell containing the bananas, and the water vapor present in the atmosphere can be effective as a release agent. In some of these embodiments of the invention, the solid product that includes the encapsulated complex containing cyclopropene can be in a form in which, optionally along with the other ingredients, there is also a water-absorbing compound, such as, for example, a water-absorbing polymer or a vague (hygroscopic) salt.

The scope of the invention also includes embodiments of the invention in which bananas are brought into contact with a liquid composition containing one or more cyclopropene derivatives. In such liquid compositions, the cyclopropene derivative may be dissolved or dispersed in a liquid medium. In some embodiments of the invention, which belong to a liquid composition, cyclopropene can be present in the encapsulating complex together with a molecular encapsulating agent, and the encapsulating complex can be dissolved or dispersed in a liquid medium.

In preferred embodiments of the present invention, an atmosphere containing one or more cyclopropene derivatives in gaseous form is in contact with the bananas (or in contact with a permeable surrounding device that surrounds one or more bananas). In the specified cases of implementation of the invention, all cyclopropene derivative concentrations exceeding zero are considered.

Preferably, the concentration of the cyclopropene derivative is 0.5 parts. / billion or higher; more preferably 1 part. / billion or higher; more preferably 10 parts. / billion or higher; more preferably 100 times. / billion or higher. Preferably, the concentration of the cyclopropene derivative is 100 parts. / million or lower, more preferably 50 times. / million or lower, more preferably 10 times. / million or lower, more preferably 5 times. / million or less.

MAR can be active or passive. An active MAP is a package that is attached to some material or device that provides for the addition of a specified gas or gases to the atmosphere inside the MAP and/or the removal of a specified gas or gases from the atmosphere inside

MAR.

Passive MAP (or finished product created with a modified atmosphere) has the advantage of allowing the bananas to breathe after picking. Thus, bananas placed in the shell, along with other processes, absorb oxygen and produce carbon dioxide. The MAP can be designed so that, as a result of diffusion through the solid outer surfaces of the MAP and gas permeation through any perforations that may be present in the outer surface of the MAP, optimal levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide and optionally other gases (such as e.g. , such as water vapor or ethylene or both). In preferred embodiments of the invention, passive MAP is used.

The scope of the invention also includes variants of the invention in which the active is used

MAR. In the description and claims of the invention, if it is not specifically indicated that the MAP is active or passive, then it is implied that the MAP can be either active or passive. For example, if in the context of this description it is stated that the MAP has certain characteristics of gas penetration, then both of the following variants of the invention are meant: passive MAP, which has the specified characteristics of gas penetration; and an active MAP that, when bananas are inside, maintains the same atmosphere as is present in a passive MAP that has the specified gas permeation characteristics.

An important parameter for characterizing the MAP is the rate of gas penetration into the MAP itself in relation to the number of bananas placed in the MAP. Preferably, the rate of penetration of carbon dioxide is (in units representing cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of bananas) 2400 or higher; more preferably 5000 or higher; more preferably 8000 or higher. Preferably, the rate of penetration of carbon dioxide is (in units representing cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of bananas) 120,000 or below; more preferably 90000 or below. Preferably, the rate of oxygen penetration is (in units representing cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of bananas) 2000 or higher; more preferably 4000 or higher; more preferably 6000 or higher. Preferably, the oxygen penetration rate is (in units representing cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of bananas) 100,000 or less, or 70,000 or less.

It is important to evaluate the characteristics of gas penetration inherent in the polymer film. By "inherent" are understood the features of the film itself in the absence of any perforations or other changes. It is important to characterize the composition of the film by determining the characteristics of gas penetration through a film having the specified composition, the thickness of which is 30 μm. It is understood that if a film of interest is manufactured and tested that is different from 30 µm in thickness (eg, 20 to 40 µm), then one of ordinary skill in the art can easily calculate the exact gas permeation characteristics of a film having such the same composition and thickness of 30 μm.

The rate of gas penetration through a film with a thickness of 30 μm is denoted in the context of this description as "cT-

ZO".

One of the important characteristics inherent in the composition of the polymer film is denoted in the context of this description as the "beta ratio of the film", which is the ratio (1-30 for gaseous oxygen in the case and (zT-30 for carbon dioxide. The best polymer film is characterized by a film beta ratio of 1:4 or higher By "1:4 or higher" is meant that the film has a beta ratio of 1:X, where X is greater than 4. A more preferred MAP is made from a material characterized by film beta ratio from 1:4.5 to 1:8.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, part or all of the outer surface of the MAP is polymeric.

The polymer is preferably in the form of a polymer film. Some acceptable polymer films have a thickness of 5 μm or more, or 10 μm or more, or 20 μm or more. In an independent embodiment, some acceptable polymer films have a thickness of 200 microns or less; or 100 µm or less; or 50 µm or less.

Some acceptable polymer compositions include, for example, polyolefins, polyvinyls, polystyrenes, polydienes, polysiloxanes, polyamides, polymers based on vinylidene chloride, polymers based on vinyl chloride, copolymers thereof, mixtures thereof, and layers thereof. Acceptable polyolefins are, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, their copolymers, their mixtures and their layers. Acceptable polyethylenes are, for example, high-pressure (low-density) polyethylene, ultra-high-pressure polyethylene, linear high-pressure polyethylene, metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene, copolymers of ethylene and polar monomers, medium-pressure polyethylene, low-pressure (high-density) polyethylene, copolymers and mixtures thereof .

Acceptable polypropylenes are, for example, polypropylene and oriented polypropylene. In some embodiments of the invention, high-pressure polyethylene is used. In some embodiments of the invention, a copolymer of styrene and butadiene is used.

Preferred polymer compositions contain one or more polyolefins; polyethylene is more preferable; more preferably metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene. More preferred polymer compositions contain one or more polyolefins and one or more copolymers of an olefinic monomer and a polar monomer. By "copolymer" in the context of this description is meant the product of the copolymerization of two or more different monomers. Acceptable copolymers of an olefinic monomer and a polar monomer are, for example, polymers supplied by Yuropy, which are called resins

Preferred are copolymers of ethylene and one or more polar monomers. Acceptable polar monomers are, for example, vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and mixtures thereof. Preferred polar monomers contain one or more ester bonds; vinyl acetate is more preferred. In copolymers of ethylene and one or more polar monomers, the desired amount of polar monomer is 195 or more in mass percentages based on the weight of the copolymer; more preferably 2 95 or more; more preferably 3 95 or more. In copolymers of ethylene and one or more polar monomers, the desired amount of polar monomer is 18 95 or less in mass percentages based on the weight of the copolymer; more preferably 15 95 or less; more preferably 12 95 or less; more preferably 9 95 or less; more preferably 7 U5 or less.

In some variants of the implementation of the invention, a polymer film that does not have perforations is used. In some of the specified embodiments of the invention, the polymer film is selected or created so that when the bananas are inside the container, which includes the polymer film, the levels of oxygen and / or carbon dioxide are maintained, the necessary condition of the bananas is better preserved than the ambient atmosphere.

In the context of this description, it is meant that a container comprising a polymer film is a container in which part or all of the surface area of the container consists of a polymer film, and the polymer film is arranged such that molecules that have the ability to diffuse through the polymer film, must diffuse between the inner region of the container and the outer region of the container in both directions. Said container can be designed so that one, two or more different areas of the surface area of the container consist of a polymer film, and the areas consisting of a polymer film can have the same composition or can differ in composition from each other. It is understood that these containers must be designed in such a way that the area of the container surface, which is not a polymer film, must effectively block the diffusion of gas molecules (that is, the number of gas molecules diffusing through this area could not be taken into account).

Preferred are film compositions for which the value of cT-30 for carbon dioxide at 23" C, expressed in such units as cm3/(me:day), is 800 or higher; more preferably 4000 or higher; more preferably 5000 or higher; more preferably 10,000 or higher; more preferably 40,000 or higher. Preferred are films for which the ZT-30 value for carbon dioxide at 237 C, expressed in units such as cm3/(m2:day), is 150,000 or lower; more preferably 80,000 or less; more preferably 60,000 or less. Preferred are films for which the value of ZT-30 for oxygen at 23" C, expressed in units such as cm3/(m-:day), is 200 or greater; more preferably 1000 or higher; more preferably 3000 or higher; more preferably 7000 or higher. Preferred are films for which the ST-30 value for oxygen at 23" C, expressed in units such as cm3/(me:day), is 150,000 or less; more preferably 80,000 or less; more preferably 40,000 or less; more preferably 20,000 or less, more preferably 15,000 or less Preferred are films for which the T-30 value for water vapor at 37.8" C, expressed in units such as g/(m-:day), is 10 or greater; more preferably 20 or higher. Preferred are films for which the value of T-30 for water vapor at 37.8" C, expressed in such units as g / (m2 »" day), is 330 or lower; more preferably 150 or below; more preferably 100 or below; more desirable or lower; preferably 45 or below; more preferably 35 or below.

Another important characteristic of MAP is the "beta-ratio of MAP", which is the ratio of the rate of penetration of oxygen through the MAP itself and the rate of penetration of carbon dioxide through the MAP itself. Preferably, MAR is characterized by a beta ratio of 1:1.03 or higher (ie 1:Y, where Y is greater than and equal to 1.03); more preferably 1:1.05 or higher. Preferably, the MAP is characterized by a beta ratio that is 1:5 or lower; more preferably 1:3 or below.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, a polymer film that has perforations is used. In the preferred embodiments of the invention, the holes have an average diameter of 5 to 500 µm.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, in which the film has perforations, the average diameter of the holes leaves 10 μm or more; more preferably 20 μm or more; more preferably 50 μm or more; more preferably 100 µm or more. In other independent preferred embodiments of the invention, in which the film has perforations, the average diameter of the holes is 300 μm or less; more preferably 200 µm or less. If the hole is not round, then in the context of this description, the diameter of the hole is taken as the value calculated as follows: the number 2 is multiplied by the quotient, which is the square root of the area of the hole divided by the number t.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, the MAP contains a polymer film that is perforated.

Preferably, the number of holes is determined in part by the mass of bananas that must be in the MAP. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the number of holes per kilogram of bananas in the MAP shell is 10 or more; more preferably 20 or more; more preferably 40 or more. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the number of holes per kilogram of bananas in the MAP shell is 300 or less; more preferably 150 or less.

In embodiments of the invention in which the MAP contains a polymer film that is perforated, preferably the total area of the holes (expressed in units such as square microns per kilogram of bananas) is 50,000 or more; more preferably 100,000 or more; more preferably 150,000 or more. In embodiments of the invention in which the MAP contains a polymer film that is perforated, preferably the total area of the holes (expressed in units such as square microns per kilogram of bananas) is 6,000,000 or less; more preferably 3,000,000 or less; more preferably 2,000,000 or less.

In embodiments of the invention, the MAP contains a polymer film and the percentage of the surface area of the MAP consisting of the polymer film is from 10 95 to 100 95; more preferably from 50 95 to 100 95; more preferably from 75 95 to 100 95; more preferably from 90 95 to 100 95. MAR, in which from 90 95 to 100 95 of the surface area falls on the polymer film, is referred to in the context of this description as a "package". The best is the MAP, which contains a polymer film, in which all areas of the surface of the MAP, which are not a polymer film, effectively block the diffusion of gas molecules. In the variants of the implementation of the invention, in which the MAP contains a polymer film, and the other surface of the MAP effectively blocks the diffusion of MAP gas molecules, is considered as a passive MAP.

Holes in the polymer film can be made using any method. Acceptable methods are, for example, laser perforation, the use of hot needles, flame, low-energy electric discharge and high-energy electric discharge. One of the preferred methods is laser perforation. In embodiments of the invention that use laser perforation, it is desirable to create or select a polymer film suitable for laser perforation. This means that the polymer film is created or selected so that round holes of a given size can be easily made in it with the help of a laser. The preferred laser is a carbon dioxide laser. For polymer films that have a different composition, you can choose lasers that generate light of the appropriate wavelength. For polymer films that contain polyethylene and/or copolymers of ethylene and one or more polar monomers, it is preferable to choose a laser based on carbon dioxide that generates infrared light, which includes infrared light with a wavelength of 10.6 μm.

Bananas, which are used to put the present invention into practice, can be any representatives of the genus Myza. In some embodiments of the present invention, edible fruits of the Myza genus are used. In some embodiments of the invention, fodder bananas (plantanos) or bananas that are not plantanos are used. In some embodiments of the invention, bananas that do not belong to the plantain are used. In some variants of the implementation of the invention, bananas of the species M. asitipaia SoPia or the hybrid of M. X ragadizias Y are used. In some variants of the implementation of the invention, representatives of one or more of the following varieties of bananas are used: 5ysgieg, Gadu Ripdeg,

Sgo5 Mispe!, Samepai5p (including, for example, JuOmagi Samepai5y, Siapi Samepai5pi, Rizapd tazak Pisai,

Coryvia and Maiiegu), Vipddoee, Ise Steat, Muzoge, ZaIetbvaie, Kazavaie, Raspavbai|e, Snapagabvai!e, 5IIIK, Ved,

Eeyi, Soidep Veashu or Ogiposo. In some embodiments of the invention, one or more varieties of edible bananas are used, including, for example, Egesp riapiapi, Nogp riapiapi, Maagisopodo,

Sottop Oma, Reiirya, Zara, Napop, botipiso-Nagiop or Sigage.

In preferred embodiments of the present invention, bananas are harvested green. Bananas aged 11-14 weeks are preferably harvested.

In some embodiments of the invention, the bananas are harvested and immediately placed in the MAP. In some embodiments of the invention, the time interval from collection to placement in the MAR is 14 days or less, more preferably 7 days or less, more preferably 2 days or less. In some embodiments of the invention, the harvested bananas are placed in the MAP prior to shipping by sea and the harvested bananas remain in the MAP during shipping by sea. In some embodiments of the invention, bananas are transported by sea to a destination close to the intended point of sale to consumers. In the context of this description, the term "close to the intended point of sale to consumers" means a place from which the bananas can be transported to the point of sale to consumers in 3 days or less using a truck or other land vehicle.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the bananas are placed in the MAP after harvesting and before shipping by sea. In some specified embodiments of the invention, the MAP can be placed in a transport device. The transport device has certain designs that facilitate the transport of the MAP and are designed to fit more tightly in the transport device during the transport process. Devices for transportation provide an opportunity for free gas exchange between the internal and external areas of the device for transportation. A typical suitable shipping container is, for example, a cardboard box with large openings (eg, round holes with a diameter of 20 mm or more). In some embodiments of the invention, bananas are transported by sea in a MAR, which is a transport device, to a destination that is close to the intended point of sale to consumers.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the bananas are contacted with a cyclopropene derivative while they are in MAP. In some embodiments of the invention, the bananas are brought into contact with a compound having ethylene activity while they are in the MAP, and then, leaving them in the same MAP, they are brought into contact with the cyclopropene derivative.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, bananas are processed as follows. Bananas are exposed to a compound that has the characteristic activity of ethylene, and then allowed to ripen until their color corresponds to stage 2-6 on a 7-point scale; these bananas are then treated with a cyclopropene derivative. More preferably, the bananas are treated with a cyclopropene derivative when the color of the bananas corresponds to stage 2.5 or higher. More preferably, the bananas are treated with a cyclopropene derivative when the color of the bananas corresponds to stage 5.5 or below; it is more desirable when the color of bananas corresponds to stage 4.5 or below; more preferably when the color of the bananas corresponds to stage 3.5 or below.

In preferred embodiments of the present invention, bananas are treated with a cyclopropene derivative.

After exposure to the cyclopropene derivative, the bananas are held in MAP for a period of time referred to herein as TP1. THREE includes at least a time interval designated in the context of this description as TI!1. TI1 is a continuous time interval of 1 h. This means that bananas must be kept in MAR for a continuous time interval of 1 h. (TI1). Time interval TI! is part of the TRIA time period, which may be the same as TI!, or may be greater than TI1. If THREE is more than ONE, then it can be a little more or a lot more; TR1 can be more TI! for one or more hours, one or more days or one or more weeks. Time period TR1 can start before TI! or TR1I may continue after completion of TI!, or both of these options may occur.

If this description states that the bananas are held in the MAP during the TI time interval, this means that if the bananas are already in the MAP at the beginning of the TI1 period, then the bananas remain in the

MAR during the TIA period. This also means that if the bananas are not in the MAP at the beginning of the TI1 period, then the bananas are placed in the MAP at the beginning of the TI period! and kept in it for a period

THOSE.

In preferred embodiments of the present invention, bananas are kept in MAR for a time interval of TI1. TI1 begins after the end of treatment of bananas with a cyclopropene derivative. TII can be started immediately after treatment of the bananas with the cyclopropene derivative is completed, or TII can be started thereafter at any time during the period up to 72 hours after the treatment of the bananas with the cyclopropene derivative is completed.

By "end of treatment of bananas with a cyclopropene derivative" in the context of this specification is meant the point in time after the treatment of bananas with a cyclopropene derivative carried out as specified in this specification, at which the concentration of the cyclopropene derivative in the atmosphere around the bananas (or in the atmosphere around the permeable surrounding device, if the bananas were in a permeable surrounding device during treatment with a cyclopropene derivative) decreases to a level below 0.5 parts. / billion

In preferred embodiments of the invention, the time interval between the end of banana treatment with a cyclopropene derivative and the start of TI! is 48 hours or less; more preferably 36 hours. or less; preferably 24 hours. or less; more preferably 12 I or less; more preferably 6 hours. or less; more preferably From h. or less; preferably 1 hour. or less If not specifically indicated otherwise, then to the variants of implementation of the invention presented in this description, in which it is stated that TI! begins after the specified number of hours or less after the completion of the treatment of the bananas with the cyclopropene derivative, also include embodiments of the invention in which the bananas are in the MAP during the treatment with the cyclopropene derivative and remain in the MAP for at least the TIA time interval.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, the TR1 period lasts for 11 hours. or more after completion of TI1. This means that the bananas stay in the MAR for TI! and then remain in the MAR for another 11 hours or more. In more preferred embodiments of the invention, TRI1 continues after completion of TI! for 23 hours or more; preferably within 47 hours or more; more preferably within 71 hours or more.

In some embodiments of the invention (referred to in the context of this description as "post-CP" embodiments of the invention), the bananas are not in MAP during the cyclopropene derivative treatment. In other embodiments of the invention (which are designated in the context of this description as "pre-CP" embodiments of the invention), the bananas are in MAP in the process of treatment with a cyclopropene derivative. It is understood that any post-SR embodiments of the invention may be combined with any preferred embodiments of the invention specified in this description. Regardless of the foregoing, it is also intended that any pre-CP embodiments of the invention may be combined with any preferred embodiments of the invention specified herein.

According to post-CP embodiments of the invention, prior to treatment with the cyclopropene derivative, the bananas may be placed in any type of container (eg, any bag, box, shell, carrier, or combination thereof), including, for example, non-MAD containers and / or containers that represent MAR. In preferred post-SR embodiments of the invention, the time interval from the completion of treatment of the bananas with the cyclopropene derivative until placing the bananas in

MAR is 12 hours. or less; preferably 8 hours. or less; preferably 4 hours. or less In the preferred post-CP embodiments of the invention, the time interval from the completion of treatment of bananas with a cyclopropene derivative to the removal of bananas from MAP is 24 hours. or more; preferably 48 hours. or more; preferably 72 hours. or more

In the preferred post-CP embodiments of the invention, the bananas are placed in the MAP when the color of the bananas corresponds to stage 4 or below. For example, if the bananas have ripened relatively quickly and reached stage 4 color within less than 72 hours after completion of the cyclopropene derivative treatment, it is preferable to place these bananas in the MAP as soon as they reach stage 4 color. without a waiting stage, which is up to 72 hours, after the completion of treatment with a cyclopropene derivative.

According to the pre-SR variants of the invention, bananas can be placed in the MAP at any time before the start of treatment with a cyclopropene derivative. Bananas can be placed in MAR and removed and then re-placed in MAR prior to treatment with the cyclopropene derivative. In the preferred pre-CP embodiments of the invention, the bananas are placed in the MAP and then left in said MAP for at least the period of treatment with the cyclopropene derivative and during the TI1 period. In some pre-CP embodiments of the invention, bananas are placed in MAP before treatment with ethylene and then the bananas remain in said MAP for at least the period of treatment with the cyclopropene derivative and during the TI1 period. In some pre-SR variants of the implementation of the invention, bananas are placed in

MAP at the time as close as possible to the moment of their collection or within 2 days after collection, and then the bananas remain in MAP during the cyclopropene derivative treatment period and during the TI period.

It is implied that the desired MAP is chosen or created so that when the bananas placed in

MAP, and MAP with bananas inside it, are subjected to the action of compounds that have the activity characteristic of ethylene, and to the action of a cyclopropene derivative, and then stored for 10 days at 16.7" C, then there must be a certain better atmosphere in MAP. more preferably, the carbon dioxide concentration (expressed as a volume percent by volume of the atmosphere inside the MAP) is 795 or more, more preferably 895 or more In said preferred atmosphere, the carbon dioxide concentration (expressed as a volume percent by volume of the volume of the atmosphere inside the MAP) is 21 95 or less; more preferably 19 95 or less. In said preferred atmosphere, the oxygen concentration (expressed as volume percent by volume of the atmosphere inside the MAR) is 6 956 or more; more preferably 8 95 or more. In the specified best atmosphere, the oxygen concentration (expressed as a percentage by volume of the volume of the atmosphere inside the MAR) is 13 95 or less; b preferably 12.5 95 or less.

Examples

The presence of sugar spots was determined daily in each bunch of bananas. Connections were evaluated using the following scale: 0 means no spots; 1 means the presence of a small number of spots; 2 means the presence of moderate spotting; C means the presence of strong spotting.

Links with a score of 0-1 are eligible for sale to consumers. Connections with points 2-3 are unsuitable for the consumer. The results presented below show the mean scores for all connections in a given processing group.

Bananas were inspected for crown rot (tip mold). Comb rot was detected and evaluated quantitatively using the following scoring scale: 0 (outwardly healthy fruit with no signs of disease); 1 (the mycelium is difficult to detect with the naked eye, but there are obvious weak signs of the disease at the top); 2 (the presence of visible mycelium on the top and the presence of an average level of damage to the top by disease); C (well-marked mycelium at the apex combined with severe damage from the apex disease).

Bananas can be evaluated for pellicular disease. When the damage caused by the disease is obvious, but the fungus cannot be detected, then this disease is defined as pelliculariosis, evaluating the degree of damage according to the following scale: 0 (outwardly healthy fruit with no signs of the disease); 1 (obvious weak signs of the disease at the apex were detected); 2 (average level of damage to the tip disease); C (severe damage by disease of the apex).

The color of the banana skin was evaluated as the color corresponding to a certain stage, using the following seven-point scale: stage 1 (dark green color); stage 2 (skin is completely light green); stage C (the peel is half green and half yellow); stage 4 (skin is more yellow than green); stage 5 (green tips and necks); stage 6 (the skin is completely yellow, there may be light green necks, there is no green color at the tips); stage 7 (skin yellow with brown spots). Consumers generally prefer to eat stage 5 or stage 6 bananas.

The following materials were used in the examples below:

EMA1T means EGMAH "M 3124 resin (YuiRopi Co.), an ethylene/vinyl acetate resin with a vinyl acetate content of 9 wt. 95 based on the mass of EMA, the melting coefficient of which (А5ТМ 01238, 190 "С/2.16 kg) is 7 g /10 min. t-ССОРЕ stands for EHSEEO "m 1018 resin (Ekhhop-Moriya Co.), a linear high-pressure polyethylene catalyzed by metallocene, the melting coefficient of which (А5ТМ 01238, 1907 С / 2.16 kg) is 1.0 g/10 min and which has a density (AZTM 0792) of 0.918 g/cm3.

Sliding additive A means diatomaceous earth (15 wt. 95 per mass of sliding additive A) in polyethylene.

Sliding additive B means stearamide (10 wt. 95 by weight of sliding additive B) in an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer.

Sliding additive-AB means a mixture of sliding additive A and sliding additive B, in which the mass ratio of sliding additive A and sliding additive B is from 3.0 to 2.5.

EPITEM 54000 means an improved polyethylene resin (metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene) supplied by Te Yuom/Spetisa! Sotrap, the melting coefficient of which (AZTM 01238, 1907 C / 2.16 kg) is 1.0 g/10 min and which has a density (AZTM 0792) of 0.916 g/cm3.

CM 734 stands for "antiblock" containing a "master batch" obtained from several different suppliers with the required amount of 15 wt. 95 diatomaceous earth by mass of 85 95 polyethylene.

CM 706 means stearamide (variable additive) containing a "master batch" obtained from several different suppliers with the required amount of 10 wt. 95 based on the weight of the 90 95 ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer.

EIMAX 3170 means ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer supplied by Yuiropi

Roiutegv5, the melting factor of which (AZTM 01238, 190" C / 2.16 kg) is 2.5 g/10 min, and has a vinyl acetate content of 18 wt. 95. 10090 means a "master batch" obtained from Atracei, which contains 5 95 of a sliding additive in the base, which is I OPE (low-density polyethylene) with a melting coefficient (MI) of 8 (8

MI GORE). 10063 means a "master batch" obtained from Atraseia, which contains 20 95 diatomaceous earth in the base, representing 8 MI GORE.

For the production of MAP in the form of packages (MAP-packages), which were used in the examples described below, a film was obtained, then the film was perforated, then packages were made from the perforated film. The film was a three-layer coextrudate, which was blown to obtain a film with a thickness of 29.5 μm (1.16 mol). The volume ratio of the layers was as follows: first layer/second layer/third layer - 30/40/30.

Each layer was a mixture of EMA, t-Y GORE and optional sliding additive AB. The mass ratios were as follows: first layer: EMAT/t-ORE/sliding additive-AB - 46/52/2, second layer: EMAT/t-I AND ORE/sliding additive-AB - 46/54/0, third layer: EMAT/t- GORE/sliding additive-AB - 46/50/4.

The film was perforated with the help of a laser, obtaining holes with an average diameter of 105 μm. The film was stacked to form rectangles measuring 48 cm by 30 cm (18.75 inches by 12 inches) and sealed on three sides to form pouches. Each package had 88 holes.

Two variants of MAP packets were used, designated in the context of this specification as "M-type" MAP packets and "O"-type MAP packets. Both types used the same ingredients and were prepared according to the method described above; the differences were that that different brands of metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene were used for their production and they were obtained on different equipment.

The holes in the O-type package were located differently compared to the location of the holes in the M-type packages. In the following examples, if MAP packages are mentioned in them and their type (ie, M or 0) is not indicated, then this means that they were used MAR packages of type M.

A detailed description of receiving packets of the UO type is presented below. The film was produced at OoOkh/

Spetis! Sotrapu (Findlay, Ohio) on a blown coextrusion line for C-layer films. Layer 1 was inside the film roll and accounted for 20 95 of the entire film, the central layer (layer 2) was located between the inner layer and the outer layer, its share accounted for 60 90 of the entire film, and the outer layer (layer 3) accounted for 20 9o of the entire film structure.

Each layer consisted of a mixture of different components, which are presented in the table below. Regenerate edges were added to the central layer in an amount not exceeding 20 95 of the total raw materials fed to this extruder. The outer layer was treated with a corona discharge to the target level, which is 42 dynes. Below are the compositions of the films that are used to obtain p-type packages:

Ratio - o

MORE M 54000 11111111 DESMAHO 3124 1111111 1omyza 11111111 omtov 2 | Central./ | 60 | BSHTEM 54006 11111111 DESMAHO 3124

STILL m 54000 11111111 1ESMAHO 3124 11111111 1omyza 11111111 omtov

Below are the conditions of the film production process, which is used to obtain type 0 packages:

Required gauge, μm (mil) 29.2 (1.15)

Temperatures in the internal extruder are about 149-193

Zone Mo 1-4, 76 CE) (300-380) swt melting, "C 212 (414)

Temperatures in the central extruder are about 149-193

Zone Mo 1-6, 70 CE) (300-380) swt melting, "C 222 (431)

Temperatures in the external extruder are about 149-193

Zone Mo 1-6, 70 SE) (300-380) swt melting, "C 216 (421)

Temperature of the head "C (E) 193 (380)

Below are the properties of the film used to receive type 0 packages:

ABTM 0374 29.5 (1.16

Turbidity, 90 AZTM rtooz 11.7

Transparency, 90 AZTM 01746 88.1 1 95 modulus of elasticity (shear modulus), ATM 0882

MO, MPa (lbs/sq. in. 129.4 (18.760 195 modulus of elasticity, TO, MPa ATM 0882 164.2 (23.820) lbs/sq. in.

Tensile strength, MO, MPa (lbs/sq. ABTM 0882 ovutagto in. 87.7 (12.720

Tensile Strength, TO, MPa (lbs/sq. ATM 0882 at the bottom in. 86.0 (12.470

Tear resistance according to Elmendorf, MO, g/μm AZTM g/mil p1922 3.07 (78

Tear resistance according to Elmendorf, TO, g/μm AZTM g/mil p1922 22.1 (562

OBBENNIT

MOSOM REVMATVAM-S "m 4/41 E2476 2396 cm3me:-day) 41,400

POM M SHA

MOSOM OH-TVAM rz985 23.19С cm3/(me-day 8.550

Ky

MOSOM REVMATVAM-KMU p1i249

MTK 37.8"C, environment, g/(m2-day 294

Note (2): AZTM methods are published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (Ategisap 5osieiu tog Teziipd apa MagegiaI5), West Conshohocken, US.

The film was perforated using a system based on laser beam compression, and the holes formed had an average size in the feed direction of 109 µm and an average size in the transverse direction of 104 µm. This film was made into bags measuring 48 cm by 30 cm (18.75 inches by 12 inches).

The third variant of applied MAP packets is denoted in the context of this description as "0-40". The film, which was used to obtain packages of type 0-40, was produced in the following way. The film was produced on the line for blowing 7-layer films of the AiYiripe company. The film was a 55.9 cm (22 in. wide) side gusseted sleeve with 17.8 cm (7 in.) gussets on each side. The ratio of the components was as follows: 20000115 vet 00117771 1322020200171177651 yuyu

WE FRI INNYA PON ZI NOT NNYA NOYA NOYA

71720001 watt 01777771 17320001 yuyu

WE PI BUT KNOW NON TTN NOYA NOYA

10011111 vases 01177701 77177200 205 | weight 15515 10011111 watt 01177710 85177000 555 | carriage | 0 125 20000115 vet 00117771 1322020200171177651 yuyu

NI PI PON ZI NOT NNYA NOYA NOYA

20000115 vet 00117771 17320001 yuyu

PI PI BUT ZNO BUT CHEAP MON NOV

Note (3): mass ratio of the layer to the total mass of the film (95)

Note (4): required layer thickness (μm)

The same temperature profile was used in all 7 extruders: zone 1: 149" C (3007 BH), zone 2: 2187 C (4257 B), zone 3: 177" C (3507 P) and zone 4: 221" C (430 RB ,, and barrier screws were placed in all 7 extruders.The required film thickness was 29.2 microns (1.15 mils).

Below are the properties of the film used to obtain O-40 type packages:

rtoosis I p1746 I ; a (lbs/sq. in. lbs./sq. in. g/mil p1922 '

Tear resistance according to Elmendorf, TO, g/μm AZTM

Penetration of carbon dioxide at 100 Fo AZTM

MOSOM REVMATVAM-S "m 4/41 E2476 49,150 2396 cm3me:-day)

Oxygen penetration at 100 95 AZTM

MOSOM OH-TVAM rz985 7,980 23,19C cm3/(m2-day)

ABTM water penetration rate

MOSOM REVMATVAM-KMU p1i249 30

MTK 37.8"C, environment, g/(me-day)

The film was perforated using a system based on laser beam compression, and the resulting holes had an average size in the feed direction of 124 µm and an average size in the transverse direction of 123 µm.

To make the type 0-40 bags, the sleeve with the side folds was cut and sealed to produce bags 178 cm long. The type 0-40 bags were the size normally used to carry 18 kg (40 lb) of bananas. The total number of perforations per package was 2,735.

Example 1: Bananas placed in MAR at the time of collection; long-distance transportation

Bananas were harvested in Colombia and placed in bags. Three types of bags were used: (1) a polymer film non-MAR bag, the size of which allowed to hold 18 kg of bananas (a special polyliner plastic bag ("roiu Ipeg"). Each bag had two or more holes, each approximately 20 mm in diameter or (2) a non-MAP polymer film bag with 44 large holes (10 mm diameter holes) sized to hold 1.4 kg of bananas ("T-bag"); and (3) a MAR bag (described above) , the size of which can accommodate 1.4 kg of bananas.

Bananas of appropriate weight were placed in a bag of each type after harvesting and before shipping by sea. Packages were placed in standard cardboard devices for transportation. Bananas were transported by sea to Philadelphia, St. Pennsylvania, where they were treated with ethylene on a standard 4-day ripening schedule. Standard commercial methods of sea transportation and ethylene treatment were used.

The following testing protocol was used. 312 MAP packages were used for packaging.

Each bag contained approximately 1.4 kg (3 lb) of bananas. Each box was packed with 13 of the indicated pacts. The total weight of bananas in MAP packages was approximately 432 kg. Approximately 216 kg of bananas were packed in polyliner bags, which were placed in boxes similar to those used for

MAP packages. Approximately 216 kg of bananas were packed in T-bags, which were placed in boxes similar to the boxes used for MAP-bags. The total weight of fruit in each box was approximately 19.5 kg (43 lb).

Bunches of bananas (industrial nomenclature - gabzito (bunch (Spanish))) were harvested at the age of 14 weeks (usual for US markets). Bunches of bananas were cut into large, medium and small bunches. Brushes were washed in tanks with chlorinated water. Washed brushes were additionally divided into bundles. The bundles were packaged in bags each holding approximately 1.4 kg (3 pounds) or bags each holding approximately 18 kg (40 pounds). The packages were placed in standard cardboard boxes, each box held approximately 18-20 kg. Each box had 8 round holes with a diameter of 40 mm, plus two larger oval holes, which were used for carrying by hand.

Bananas were packaged in MAP as follows: bundles weighing approximately 1.4 kg were carefully placed in micro-perforated bags and the bags were sealed by twisting one side of the bag, folding the twisted end, and applying adhesive tape around the twisted and folded end of the bag.

All bananas were quickly cooled to 13.3 g C and kept at the indicated temperature during transportation by sea. In the process of transportation by sea, the level of air ventilation was approximately 15 95.

Packages were not opened during sea transportation or ripening. Temperature was monitored in some bags by placing a temperature probe in one of the bananas in the bag before sealing it.

Bananas were allowed to ripen in ripening rooms with air blowing as follows. On day 1, bananas were kept at 18 g C (64 g P) and treated with exogenous ethylene (150 ppm for 24 h). No additional exogenous ethylene was used. After day 1, the bananas were kept at 18 g C for two days and then at 10 g C for one day. The specified temperatures were pulp temperatures, not room temperatures. Humidity was 85-95 vol.

Then the bananas were transported to Spring House, St. Pennsylvania. Bananas arrived at a stage whose color corresponded to a score of 2.5-3. Bananas were arbitrarily divided into the following processed groups:

Amount Type Control 0.3 part/million i

MOP r boxes packages boxes boxes

The treated group, for which MAP packages were used and which was treated with MCP in a non-zero concentration, was an example of the implementation of the present invention. All other treated groups were used for comparison.

On the day the bananas arrived at Spring House, each treated group was marked, placed in a shelter in a trailer for processing and equilibrated to a temperature of 10 29 C (58 g R) and a relative humidity of 70-80 95. All shelters were of the same size and packed in them in the same way.

The duration of the treatment was 12 h. For the two treated "MSR" groups, at the beginning of the treatment period, ZtagTarv"M tablets were placed in the shelter and mixed with water, after which the tent was sealed. The number of ZtapytTar'"M tablets was chosen in such a way that the atmosphere of the shelter reached the concentration of 1-methylcyclopropene is indicated.

After processing in the trailer, the boxes were transferred to other pallets and brought into the room, where the conditions corresponded to the environmental conditions (approximately 20 2 C), for storage and observation. The boxes were opened and the bananas were transferred for evaluation and photography. Boxes were placed in the room for storage on shelves.

In the process of processing in the trailer and subsequent storage, the bananas remained in the same bags in which they were packed.

Sugar stains were evaluated as follows. Day zero was the day the bananas were removed from the trailer and placed in storage. Once the treated group reached a score of 2.6 or greater, the sugar spot evaluation was discontinued because these bananas became unfit for most consumers.

Scoring of sugar spots now and now ply Me V PI I NOI PO PI M (fr./billion)

Ambassadors LIN PK DESCRIPTION DR RR SH 89 72 00

Pvny NlYNY SHOCK PEAK NOR YY R NOV 94 44 78 nin shi zni ee she 1111 parts/billion le 44 (0/8) 61

The location of the polyliner 08 92 92 0о0 is great! 1 inside the polyliner Z 17 89

Mu NOSI SHOCK PKD I R RI NY polyliner Z 67 89 they Pl M KR RA RAS RCHR 11 67 (0/8) 78 cock saliva MK A PR PROT R 19 53 92 61 cock Wormwood SHK NKR I RA RCHR 11 22 56 56 89

Note: ") are examples of options proposed in this invention

The results presented above demonstrated that bananas treated with the method proposed in the present invention were characterized by lower scores reflecting the number of sugar spots over a longer period of time compared to other treated groups.

For the above-mentioned bananas, some additional observations were made in addition to the assessment of sugar spots. After 10 days, bananas treated according to the present invention had a characteristic color corresponding to stage b or below, while all other bananas had a characteristic color corresponding to stage 7 or above. On day 14, bananas treated according to the present invention still had the characteristic color corresponding to stage 6 or below. In addition, on day 14, bananas treated according to this invention had skins of the required hardness. In addition, on day 14, none of the bananas treated according to the present invention showed separation of individual "fingers" / bananas from the main bunch, unlike the bananas used for comparison, which all separated from the bunch on day 10.

In general, the results obtained in this study allow us to conclude that 1-

MCP, when used individually, extends the shelf life of bananas by 1-2 days. MAR, when used individually, extends the shelf life of bananas by 2-3 days. However, it was found that their joint application led to a synergistic effect, as, according to visual assessment, the quality of bananas was preserved for an additional 10 days compared to the standard treatment method.

Example 2: Bananas placed in MAR at the time of collection; storage in conditions simulating transportation by sea

13-week-old bananas were harvested. Fruit bunches were divided into brushes, then washed and excess latex removed in tanks of chlorinated water according to standard commercial practice. Washed banana brushes were additionally divided into bundles and treated with a fungicide. The bundles were placed in plastic bags, each bag containing approximately 1.4 kg (3 lb) of bananas. The bananas were in these bags before they were removed for evaluation (see below)

The plastic bags were either T-bags or modified atmosphere bags ("MAP" bags). T-bags (also referred to as "PE-bags" in the context of this description) were conventional bags that are typically used , for bananas intended for sale. Then the bags were placed in a cardboard container. Each cardboard container contained 13 bags. Either only MAP bags or only PE bags were placed in each cardboard container. 20 cardboard containers with MAR bags and cardboard containers with RE packages.

Cardboard containers were placed in auto-refrigerators and transported to the storage room.

The distance from the place of collection to the place of storage was approximately 100 km. The temperature in the auto-refrigerators was 14-18" C. To simulate transportation by sea over long distances, the cardboard containers were placed for two weeks in an ordinary cold room intended for storage, the temperature in which was maintained at the level of 14" C. During storage, the cardboard containers were placed so that air could circulate between and around each carton.

After the indicated period of indoor storage, the temperature in the thermostatic storage room was raised to 187 C and then no action was taken, leaving the bananas in the room to be aged at 187 C for 12 h. The 5-day schedule below was used to ripen the bananas. The specified temperatures were the temperatures in the pulp, if necessary the temperature of the thermostat was lowered so that the required temperature in the pulp was maintained, despite any respiration that may have taken place in the bananas.

Day 0: 17.8 "C (64 "PE), ordinary air, day 1: 17.8 "C (64 "E), ethylene at a concentration of 200 ppm for 24 g, day 2: 17.8 " C (64 "E), ventilation of the room for 30 minutes, then its re-sealing, day 3: 17.8 "C (58 B), day 4: 14.4 "C (58 R), day 5: 14.4 "C (58 R).

On day 5 at approximately 4 o'clock. day, cardboard containers were divided into seven groups: one untreated control (TS) group (6 cardboard containers) and six treated groups. Each group included the same number of cardboard containers with PE packages and cardboard containers with MAP packages. The six treated groups were the following groups:

MOR (fr./billion) of cardboard containers

ОО РЕ0БНЕ 1 РЕ 11701114 01 MARO-S 1/1 МАЕ И/07777711111111111111411сСсСсСсСсССС

ОО РЕЖЕ 171 RE 777/ 1711300777711111117111181111111СсСсССС 01 MAR3 1/1 MAR 177 300777777777771711718111111сСсСссссссСС

Treatments with the designation "C", indicated in the "Variant of treatment" column, were examples used for comparison.

Oto-cardboard containers were placed on a shelf with good ventilation. The rest of the cardboard containers were left in the room for aging. Four air-tight shelters were installed in the holding room. In each shelter, all cardboard containers containing packages of bananas related to one of the processed groups RE-3-C, RE-10-C, MAR-3 and MAR-10 were placed.

On day five at about 4 o'clock. day, the color of bananas reached stage 2.5-3.5. After that, treated groups RE-3-C, RE-10-C, MAR-3 and MAR-10 were exposed to 1-MSP overnight using the above concentrations.

Example 2A: Evaluation procedure "A" (4 days post-ISR)

A portion of bananas from each group specified in Example 2 was evaluated according to procedure "A" described below. After the treated groups RE-3-C, RE-10-C, MAR-3 and MAR-10 were exposed to 1-MSP, the bananas were left in bags in the room for aging at 14"C for 4 days, then the bananas were removed from bags and stored at 227 C for 7 days, after which bananas were evaluated.

The results are presented below: value) value, 95)

SOMETHING | 68777771 18511111

RE LOYE | 698 77777771 17593111

Comments: from the table presented above, it can be seen that the samples in MAR and exposed to 1-MSP in a non-zero concentration had the most desirable characteristics in terms of color and the presence of sugar spots. The most significant differences between treatment options were found after 4 days and days after exposure to 1-MSP fruits. In the MAP-0-C group, worse quality was found, in comparison with the groups

MAR-3 and MAR-10. The development of sugar spots in the MAR-3 and MAR-10 groups slowed down at least for 3 days compared to the MAR-0O group.

An additional assessment allowed establishing the following ("AQV" means after removal from the package): processing processing

PE-0O-C Fruits reached color stage 7 faster. Fruits were overripe, their color corresponded to stage 7 (or a higher ripening stage) on day 1 of AQV. Serious problems with the quality of the skin, as sugar spots covered almost the entire surface of the fruit.

Deterioration of the smell was detected.

MAR-0-C Fruits reached the color stage 7 faster. The fruits were overripe, their color corresponded to the unmarketable stage through the 3rd day of AQV. All fruits have moderate to severe sugar spot problems.

РЕ-3-С The color of some fruits corresponded to the required stage. However, most of the connections are characterized by problems with sugar spots after 1 day of ACV. The deterioration of the appearance of the fruits was found, which is generally related to the loss of water.

РЕ-10-С The color of some fruits corresponded to the required stage. However, most of the connections are characterized by problems with sugar spots after 1 day of ACV. The deterioration of the appearance of the fruits was found, which is generally related to the loss of water. Some slowdown and uneven ripening were detected.

MAR-Z The fruits had a very bright yellow color. A high level of sugar stains was found in only a few connections. At the end of the aging period, the fruits were at the ideal stage (color) for sale to the final consumer.

MAR-10 Almost all fruits had the color required for sale, distinguished by the presence of a bright yellow skin. The fruits differed in very good quality during visual assessment. Only 2 95 fruits were found to have sugar spots, the level of which was low.

Example 2B: Evaluation procedure "B" (From post-ISR days)

The studies carried out in this example were carried out similarly to those described in example 2A, except that after exposure to 1 MCP, the bananas were left in their bags in a room for aging at 14"C for 3 days instead of 4 days. In groups MAR-3 and MAR -10 revealed improvements of the same type in comparison with the variants used for comparison, indicated in example 2A.

Example 2B: Assessment procedure "B" (22 "C after MCP)

A portion of bananas from each group specified in Example 2 was evaluated according to the following procedure "B". After the exposure of 1-MSR to the treated groups RE-3-C, RE-10-C, MAR-3 and MAR-10, bananas were left in their bags and kept at a temperature of approximately 227 C. Bananas, left in the bags, were evaluated daily.

After holding for 7 days at a temperature of about 22" C, the following results were obtained:

Pelliculariosis processing rot

For bananas that were both in MAP and exposed to 1-MCP in a non-zero concentration, better results were found in comparison with bananas from other groups in terms of infection, both by crown rot and pellicular disease.

Example 2X: Evaluation procedure "X" (longer storage)

A portion of bananas from each group specified in Example 2 was evaluated according to the following procedure "X". After exposure to 1-MSP on the treated groups RE-3-C, RE-10-C, MAR-3 and MAR-10, the bananas were left in their bags and kept at a temperature of approximately 14? S. Bananas were evaluated daily, leaving them in the bags.

Keeping bananas at 147 C allows us to analyze whether keeping them at this low temperature can slow down the formation of sugar spots. When kept at 147 C after exposure to 1-MCP, bananas that were in MAP and were exposed to 1-MCP at a non-zero concentration showed a delay in the onset of sugar spot formation; in bananas from all other groups, the onset of formation of sugar spots did not slow down.

On day 13 after 1-MCP treatment, all bananas became unfit for consumption (due to the formation of one or more large sugar spots, excessively soft flesh, crown rot, pellicular disease, or separation from the tops) except for bananas that were in MAP- packages and were exposed to 1-MSP in a non-zero concentration. All unusable bananas were thrown away.

On day 17 after 1-MCP treatment, the remaining bananas (i.e. bananas that were in the MAP bags and exposed to non-zero concentration of 1-MCP) were all still fit for consumption and were removed from the MAP bags and stored at room temperature (approx. 22" C), and they remained suitable for consumption for another three days.

Example 5-1: Bananas transferred to MAR after transport by sea

Bananas were collected and transported to Efrata, st. Pennsylvania in accordance with standard commercial practice in standard commercial shipping packages.

For transportation by sea, the packages were placed in cardboard containers; each carton included a number of bags sufficient for the mass of bananas in each carton to be approximately 18.1 kg (40 lb).

After delivery to Efrata, pcs. Pennsylvania bananas were removed from the bags in which they were transported by sea and placed in new bags, which were either MAP bags (described above) or T bags (described above). Each of the new bags contained approximately 1.3 kg (3 lb) of bananas. New packages were twisted and securely closed. The packages were subjected to ripening conditions according to the 5-day ripening schedule described above in Example 2. After ripening, the packages were transported to Spring

House, unit Pennsylvania in walk-in coolers. At the time of delivery, the color of the bananas corresponded to stage 3.5-4.5. Then the bags were placed in hermetic shelters and kept for 12 hours. at 13.37 C (567 B); during the indicated 12-hour period, each shelter had a normal air atmosphere, in which either no 1-MSP was introduced (concentration 0), or 1-MSP was introduced at a concentration of 300 or 1000 ppm. / billion. After the specified 12-hour period, the samples were aerated for 1 hour. and then kept at a temperature of 13.37 C (567 PE) for 10 hours, after which it was transferred to a room for evaluation, in which the temperature was maintained at 17.8 C (64 B).

All packages remained in the room for evaluation for 8 days. Bananas were visually inspected every day, regardless of whether they were still in the bags or not. Bananas were divided into three groups:

A. bananas that were stored in bags for 3 days, after which they were removed from the bags, kept in this condition for the last 5 days;

B. bananas that were stored in bags for 4 days, after which they were removed from the bags, kept in this condition for the last 4 days;

B. bananas stored in bags for 8 days, after which they were removed for evaluation on the eighth day.

The following results were obtained. In all three groups (A, B and B) the same comparative trends of color development were found. Of all the bananas that were not treated with 1-MCP (zero concentration), the bananas that were in the MAP-bags showed a slower development of color and sugar spots compared to the bananas that were in the T-bags. From bananas that were in T-bags, from bananas treated with 1-MSP at a concentration of 300 parts. / billion or 1000 times / billion, the delayed development of color and sugar spots was revealed. In bananas treated with 1-MSP in a concentration of 1000 parts. / billion, the delayed development of color and sugar spots was revealed in comparison with bananas that were in the same type of packages, but treated with 1-MSP at a concentration of 300 parts. / billion

In bananas that were in MAR and treated with 1-MSP in a concentration or 300 parts. / billion, or 1000 times / billion, a significant slowdown in the development of color and sugar spots was found compared to bananas that were in T-bags. In bananas that were in the MAP, treated with 1-MSP in a concentration or 300 parts. / billion, or 1000 times / billion, a delayed development of color and sugar spots after their removal from packages was found in comparison with bananas that were in MAP, which were not treated with 1-MSP (zero concentration). Based on the quality of the fruits as a whole, compared to T-bags in the absence of 1-MSP treatment, it can be assumed that the shelf life of bananas was extended by 1-2 days when using only 1-MSP (i.e., compared to T-bags treated with 1 -MSR), or only due to packaging in MAR (MAR without processing 1-MSR); in the examples presented in the description (bananas in MAP treated with 1-MCP at a non-zero concentration) an increase in shelf life of 8 days was demonstrated.

Example 5-3: Comparison of MAR production batches

Bananas were collected and transported by sea to Efrata, St. Pennsylvania, as described above in Example O5-1. After delivery, the bananas were removed from the bags from the polyliner and placed in one of three types of bags: (1) T-bags (described above), (2) MAR-type M bags (described above), (3) MAR-type O bags ( described above).

Bananas in bags were processed to ripen according to the ripening cycle described above, except that the first day ("day 0") of the ripening cycle was absent. For bananas that were exposed to 1-MSOR, the indicated processing was carried out when their color corresponded to stage 2-22.

The trends in the groups were the same as those indicated above in example O5-1.

In addition, a group of bananas were left in their bags, kept at 17.87 C for 17 days after 1-MSP treatment, and evaluated at the end of the indicated period, which is 17 days. Of these bananas, those in MAP exposed to non-zero 1-MCP had a lower score corresponding to the color stage (which is desirable) and fewer sugar spots (which is desirable) compared to both bananas , which were in MAP, but which were not treated with 1-MCP, those with bananas, which were in T-bags and which were treated with 1-MCP at a non-zero concentration.

Holding bananas at 17.87 C slowed the development of sugar spots in bananas, as demonstrated in the examples presented in this specification (i.e., MAP and 1-MCP at non-zero concentration), but holding bananas at 17.87 C did not slow sugar spots. in any, bananas were used for comparison (i.e., bananas that were not stored in MAP and were not exposed to 1-MCP at a non-zero concentration).

In addition, after storage for 14 days at 17.8" C, the bananas used for comparison showed cracking in the neck area, while the bananas described in the examples presented in this specification did not.

After storage for 17 days at 17.87 C, the bananas described in the examples presented in this specification were removed from the MAR and stored for another 4 days at 17.87 C. At the end of the specified 4-day period, the bananas were found to have an acceptable color stage for consumption and an acceptable amount of sugar spots.

No significant differences were found between bananas stored in MAP type M packages and bananas stored in MAP type 0 packages.

Example 05-4: Introduction to MAR after processing 1-MSR

Bananas were collected and transported by sea to Efrata, St. Pennsylvania as described above in example O05-1. The bananas were subjected to the ripening procedure as described in Example 5-1, except that the bananas remained in the bags in which they were transported by sea (polyliner bags) during the ripening process. Some of the packages from the polyliner were treated with 1-MSP (1000 parts per billion) according to the method described above in example Sh5-1, and others were not treated. Immediately after the completion of 1-MSR processing, bananas were removed from the cardboard, polyliner, dividing them into bunches. Some clusters weighed approximately 1.4 kg (3 lb) and were placed in the T-bags described above. Some of the other bunches weighed approximately 18 kg (40 lb) and were placed in the 0-40 type MAP bags described above using the standard layering method whereby additional layers of bags were placed between the layers of bananas. The bananas were then stored and evaluated according to the method described in example O5-1. In addition, bananas were tasted and evaluated for pulp density along with overall eating quality. Below are the results obtained on day 8:

Processing Stage Level Mya Sensation at the color of sugar spots | cat eating (mean (mean value) value) with | 8 vn

MOR rice NBN SHYN R Pack package

The quality of both the MAP-packaged and 1-MCP-treated samples exceeded that of all other samples in all studies.

Example 5-5: Different levels of 1-MSP

Bananas were grown, transported by sea and ripened according to the methods described in example 05-1. During the ripening cycle, all bananas were in T-bags. Bananas, the color of which corresponded to stage 3.0-4.0, were still in T-bags, placed in various airtight containers; 1-MSP was added to the air in each container in a specific concentration; bananas were kept in these containers for 12 h. Then half of each treated group was transferred to MAP bags and all bananas were stored according to the post-MOR procedure described in example O5-1. At the end of the seventh day, bananas were evaluated for sugar spots (55), color stage (C5) and density (GE). To measure the density, a fruit texture analyzer (by55 Sotrapu, South African Republic) was used, using a probe with a diameter of 8 mm.

The averaged results are presented below: sv, 051 vv, E E 1-MSR t- ' t- З5, | (co, (co, (fr./billion) package MA | package MAR ShSH MAR

P package 0... 1 62 | 52| 25 | 23 | 05 0593) 177777777117.1 66 | 52| 22 | 18 | o5| 0584)

M | 66 | 48| 28 | 05 | 0571| 0в02) 70777771 166 | 54) 20 | 15 | 0568| 0.599) | 62 | 56| 25 | 08 | 0576| 0603) 200... 70 | 49| 30 | 08 | 0589| 5 sh 0.592) 500 | 66 | 56| 28 | 25 | 0563| 0.585

At any concentration of 1-MSP, the same or improved color (i.e., color corresponding to a lower stage), improved sugar spot characteristics (i.e., fewer sugar spots), and improved density ( i.e. higher density).

Example 05-7a: Different amount of bananas per bag (appearance)

Bananas were processed and evaluated according to the methods described in example O5-1, except that the number of bananas per package was varied. The concentration of 1-MSP was 1000 parts. / billion In addition, two different types of MAP packages were used: type M and type O, which are described above. Bananas were evaluated on day 7 after 1-MSP treatment. Below are the averaged results: 7777... | The average of the results of the examination during the day 7 ( 11111111 | Color stage | Sugar berry//-- - typo Type M typo type M packages 6 | 52 | 48 | 03 | 10 7 | 48 | 50 | 07 | 00 8 | 45 | 45 | 00 | 10 898 1 45 | 45 | 07 | 0 lo | 45 | 52 | 00 | 10 117.1 143 1 45 | 00 | 00 /( 712 | 45 | 45 | 00 | 00 (

The results obtained using M-type MAP packets and O-type MAP packets were similar; no significant differences were found between them.

Example I5-7p: Different amount of bananas per bag (density)

Bananas were processed and evaluated according to the methods described in example O5-1, except that the number of bananas per package was varied. In addition, a comparison was made between bananas in MAP packages and bananas that are not in packages ("without a package") (that is, bananas that were not placed in any of the types of packages after transportation by sea and that were subjected to the ripening procedure, processing 1- MSR and storage without any packages). Also evaluated were "non-MOR" bananas that had not been exposed to 1-MCP and had been stored under the same storage conditions, such as duration and temperature, as bananas treated with 1-MOR.

All bananas were evaluated on day 5 after 1-MOP treatment. The density was determined according to the method described in example Sh5-5. The averaged results are presented below: 11111111 7717 Density, kg (pounds) of bananas in a bag frequent/billion 78 ..yu.yuryu7 1 05 | killed) 7

Bananas that were treated with 1-MCP and, in addition, stored in MAP bags, had improved density compared to bananas that were not treated with MCP and improved density compared to bananas that were stored without a bag.

Example I5-7c: Different amount of bananas per bag (gas penetration)

Bananas were processed and evaluated according to the methods described in example O5-1, except that the number of bananas per package (quantity B) was varied. The results obtained when using MAP packages of type M were compared with the results obtained without the use of 1-MCP (zero concentration) ("only MAP") and with the use of 1-MCP at a concentration of 1000 parts. / Billion (MAR / MOR »). "MAD only" samples are presented for comparison; MAR / MCP-samples are presented as examples of the present invention.

Gas permeation rates for the entire package were determined by measuring gas permeation rates through sections of the perforated film and calculating taking into account the entire effective area of the package. Gas permeation rates for perforated films were determined quantitatively using the quasi-isostatic method described in Gee et al. SKS Rhev5, Mem/ MogKk, MU, 2008, pp. 100-101).

In addition, evaluation of sugar stains was carried out. In this experiment, the day on which sugar spots appeared when kept at 17.87 C was determined, this day was designated as "day 55". In bananas in T-bags (either 0 or 1.00 parts per billion 1-MSP), the development of sugar spots is naked on the day

WITH.

The results (in each case average values for 3 packages) are presented in the table below.

The following characteristics were determined:

ROT means the rate of penetration of Og into the entire package (cm3/m7:day per kg of bananas),

PCT means CO penetration rate? in the whole package (cm3/m): day per kg of bananas),

P- area means the total perforation area of the entire package (million square microns per kg of bananas). 11100000 0 tTilyMAR 77777770 | MAR/MSR///:H8/--

Z Z t t area t area day day 73, 93, 71.3 91, 28, 37, 24.0 ZO, 14, 18, 16.9 21, 8 zv bly) yav vv | you) in 11, 15, 10,9 14, 7 You | svi | | about | you) in

8.6 11, 9.95 12, 8 ev o 5, schi | ouch! in 6.4 8.2 6.93 8.8 2 She omu) || echo in

The use of MAR alone slowed down the development of sugar spots (which is desirable) compared to the use of T-packs, and the use of MAR / MCP slowed down the development of sugar spots even more (which is desirable).

Example 5-8: Variations in the localization of holes

16 special packages were produced to evaluate the impact of hole location variations. Each special bag was made from the same perforated films and used as M-MAD bags. Each special bag had the same dimensions as an M-MAD bag, but each special bag had 196 holes, half of which were blocked with a sensitive adhesive tape pressure. Each of the packages 1-12 had a unique hole localization scheme. Packages 01 and 02 were duplicates of special packages, in which holes, characteristic of MAR packages of the type, were restored

A. Packages MI and M2 were duplicates of special packages, in which the pattern of openings characteristic of MAP packages of type M was restored. The procedure described in example 5-1 was carried out, using special packages as MAP packages. On the 8th day after 1-MSR treatment (1-MSR was used at a concentration of 1000 parts/billion), the atmosphere inside the package was evaluated, determining the content of carbon dioxide (wt. 90) and oxygen (wt. 9o) in terms of the total mass of the atmosphere inside each package The following results were obtained: package 2 777771111111111111111711186 | 3 67777711 92 | 124 78777711 117188 | 127 98111177 146 11111111 186 | 129

No significant differences related to the hole pattern were found.

Example 5-9: Obtaining perforations using a laser drill

Holes were drilled in polymer films using a laser based on carbon dioxide, which operates at a wavelength including 10.6 microns. The laser generated an infrared pulse.

When films made only of polyethylene were used, some pulses produced a full hole (ie, a hole that penetrated completely through the film), and some did not. In films made only of polyethylene, the percentage of pulses that failed to obtain a full hole was undesirably high. When evaluating the films having the composition described above, which were used to make various MAPs, almost all pulses allowed to obtain a full aperture; the percentage of pulses that failed to obtain a full hole was acceptably low.

Claims (15)

1. A method of processing bananas, which consists in: (a) exposing the bananas to an atmosphere containing one or more compounds having ethylene-specific activity selected from the group consisting of ethylene, ethylene-releasing agents, and compounds with a high activity characteristic of ethylene, (b) after carrying out stage (a), the bananas are exposed to an atmosphere containing one or more cyclopropene compounds at a concentration of 0.5 ppm or higher, while the color of the bananas corresponds to the stage from 2 to b on a seven-point scale, (c) reduce the concentration of the cyclopropene compound in the atmosphere surrounding the bananas to below 0.5 parts per billion, and (d) after step (c) maintain the bananas in a modified atmosphere package for at least 1 continuous hours, with stage (d) starting up to 72 hours after the completion of stage (c), 1 in which the modified atmosphere package is created so that the rate of carbon dioxide permeation throughout the package (PCP) is between 2400 and 120,000 cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of the specified bananas. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which the package with a modified atmosphere is created in such a way that the rate of oxygen penetration into the entire package (ROT) is from 2,000 to 100,000 cubic centimeters per day per kilogram of bananas. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the ratio of ROT and PCT is from 1:1.05 to 1:3. 4. The method according to any of the preceding items, in which from 10 to 100 95 of the surface area of the modified atmosphere package is a portion of the polymer film, and in which the part of the surface area of the modified atmosphere package that is not a polymer film effectively blocks diffusion of gas molecules. 5. The method according to claim 4, in which the polymer film has an inherent carbon dioxide penetration rate of 4,000 to 150,000 cm'/m? x day, and its characteristic oxygen penetration rate, which is from 1000 to 60000 cm'/m7 x day at a thickness of 30 microns. b. The method according to claim 4 or 5, in which the polymer film is perforated, while the average diameter of the perforations is from 5 to 500 μm and the total area of perforations in the polymer film is from 50,000 to 6,000,000 square micrometers per kilogram of bananas. 7. The method according to any of the preceding clauses, in which stage (b) is carried out when the color of the bananas corresponds to stage 2.5-3.5 on a seven-point scale. 8. The method according to any of the previous items, in which stage (b) is carried out by placing the bananas in an airtight container and creating an atmosphere in the airtight container in which the concentration of the cyclopropene derivative is from 0.5 ppm to 100 ppm million 9. The method according to any of claims 1-7, in which the bananas are in a package with a modified atmosphere before the implementation of stage (b) 1, in which the bananas remain in a package with a modified atmosphere from the moment they are introduced into the package and up to 48 hours. or more after stage (c). 10. The method according to any of claims 1-8, in which stage (b) is carried out when the bananas are not in the package with a modified atmosphere, while the bananas are introduced into the package with a modified atmosphere after stage (c) and the bananas remain in the package with a modified atmosphere, starting from the moment of their introduction and up to 48 hours. or more after stage (c). 11. The method according to any of claims 1-8, in which stage (b) is carried out when the bananas are not in the package with a modified atmosphere, while the bananas are placed in the package with a modified atmosphere during 12 hours of stage (c), 1 in wherein the bananas are removed from the modified atmosphere package 24 or more hours after stage (c). 12. The method according to any one of claims 1-7 or 9, in which stage (b) or stage (a) 1 (b) is carried out when the bananas are in a package with a modified atmosphere. 13. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, 10 or 11, in which stage (b) is carried out when the bananas are not in a package with a modified atmosphere, and in which stage (d) is started within 12 hours of stage (c). 14. The method according to any of the previous clauses, in which stage (d) is carried out immediately after stage (c). 15. The method according to any of the previous items, in which after stage (c) the bananas are kept in a package with a modified atmosphere for at least 12 continuous hours.