TWM652478U - Dental instrument and dental instrument set - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dental instrument and a dental instrument set. The dental instrument is configured for orthodontic surgery and includes a shell-like body having a tooth receiving cavity configured to accommodate a plurality of teeth on a jaw, and an anterior teeth region, and being provided with at least one limiting part at a labial surface or a lingual surface in the anterior teeth region; the at least one limiting part being configured to limit at least one tooth on an opposite jaw, the at least one limiting part having geometry that constrains a position relationship between the jaw and the opposite jaw and keeps the jaw at a first target position, the geometry having a first thickness that compensates for a vertical upward distance between the first target position and the at least one tooth on the opposite jaw at a position corresponding to the at least one limiting part; the geometry having a second thickness that compensates in a sagittal direction for a distance between the first target position and the at least one tooth on the opposite jaw at the position corresponding to the at least one limiting part. The dental instrument and the dental instrument set can realize accurate positioning of the upper and lower jaws in an orthodontic surgery so as to improve the accuracy of the surgery.

Description

Dental instruments and dental instrument sets

The invention belongs to the field of orthognathic technology, more specifically a dental instrument and dental instrument set used for orthognathic surgery.

During facial development, if the growth and development of the jaws are abnormal, it will cause abnormalities in the volume and shape of the upper and lower jaws, accompanied by abnormalities in occlusal relationships and stomatognathic system functions. Clinical manifestations include maxillofacial skeletal malocclusions such as "the floor is too big", "no chin", and "the face is crooked". Severe skeletal malocclusion not only affects chewing, pronunciation and other functions, but the appearance that is obviously different from ordinary people also brings huge psychological pressure to patients in daily social interactions.

For this type of severe bony protrusion, concavity, arthrosis and developmental hemignathia of the jaw, the combined orthognathic-orthodontic model is one of the options in the clinical treatment system. The combined orthognathic and orthodontic treatment model can simultaneously solve the patient's occlusion and facial abnormalities, but the treatment process is complex, expensive, long, and traumatic. Even so, in order to restore their normal appearance and life, patients will still choose to undergo combined orthognathic and orthodontic treatment if financial conditions permit, and they often have higher requirements and expectations for the final treatment results. The results of orthognathic and orthodontic treatment are more directly related to whether the patient can have a normal appearance in the next few decades of life and whether he can reintegrate into a normal social life. This puts forward higher requirements for orthognathic and orthodontic treatment.

At present, with the development of computer technology and the intervention of digital orthognathic surgery, the preoperative design of orthognathic surgery has been digitized and visualized. However, if digital surgical design cannot be accurately realized, no matter how perfect the design is, it will be empty talk. Therefore, the accurate realization of digital design of orthognathic surgery is directly related to the final effect of combined orthognathic and orthodontic treatment. It is also a hot and difficult point in international clinical research.

In most orthognathic surgeries, the first is a simulated surgical test by separating and repositioning the dental model on the articulator to simulate the osteotomy movement of the maxilla and mandible and reconstruct the occlusion. Since the relative positional relationship between the maxilla and the upper dentition, and the mandible and the lower dentition is absolute and unique, the movement of the upper and lower jaws can be indirectly simulated by moving the upper and lower dentitions on the articulation frame, and the movement of the upper and lower jaws can be simulated through self-gelling plastic. The new bite marks of the upper and lower dentition are recorded to form a horseshoe-shaped positioning jaw plate, and then the positioning jaw plate is used to guide the movement of the upper and lower jaws during orthognathic surgery. It is not difficult to see that the accuracy of jaw plate positioning directly determines the final surgical effect.

However, the design of the jaw plate is prone to errors, and the positioning jaw plate produced by the model surgery department cannot fully and accurately guide the jaw surgery. The preoperative analogy of the model surgery department is based on two-dimensional images such as frontal and lateral X-rays, and the two-dimensional images only have the dentition and alveolar bone morphology, which cannot reflect the complex three-dimensional structure of the upper and lower jaws. When simulating the jaw surgery, it is impossible to accurately predict the spatial position of the bones other than the alveolar bone after the movement, which also causes the actual surgical effect to be inconsistent with the expected. After the operation, the jaw may be deviated or the face may be asymmetric, which can only be corrected through a secondary operation.

Secondly, the relevant materials used to make the jaw plate themselves have deformations. The process of making a jaw plate involves multiple operations such as taking an alginate impression, pouring a plaster model, making a combined plaster abutment, and bonding the model. The materials involved will deform to a certain extent, and the self-setting process for making a positioning jaw plate Plastic will also deform to a certain extent. This causes the jaw plate to be only partially in place during orthognathic surgery, or to be unstable or even unable to be in place, which greatly affects the accuracy of positioning the jaw plate.

In addition, the jaw plate manufacturing process is mainly manual work, which will increase errors. The production of model surgery and jaw plates is highly dependent on manual work and the process is complex. From the initial preparation of the alginate model, frame transfer, to the final production of the self-gelling plastic positioning jaw plate, the entire process is completed by hand. Manual work errors cause errors in the positioning of the jaw plate and often affect the final surgical effect.

At the same time, there will be errors when using the jaw plate during and after surgery. The self-gelling plastic used in the positioning jaw plate is translucent or opaque. When the jaw plate is inserted into the dentition during the operation, it is not possible to fully see whether all the dentition is in place accurately. For patients who require jaw segmentation surgery, the depth of the bite mark of the positioning jaw plate is only 1 to 2 mm, which can only wrap part of the tooth cusps, and cannot accurately retain the segmented dentition in three dimensions, resulting in bone fragments during the operation. Movement error. To position the jaw plate to wrap the teeth, both the buccal and lingual sides extend 2 to 3 mm outward. When fixing the upper and lower dentition for intermaxillary ligation during orthognathic surgery, the labial and buccal extension often affects the positioning of the stainless steel ligation wire, and there is a possibility that the ligation will not be tight.

Nowadays, with the rise of digital medicine, the development of digital orthognathic surgery has effectively overcome the shortcomings of traditional model surgery in surgical design. Through the three-dimensional imaging technology based on cranial CT, the position of the surgical osteotomy can be simulated in the software to vividly display the cutting and movement of the bone fragments, and three-dimensional printing technology can be used to create a positioning jaw plate. Although the development of digital orthognathic surgery can avoid jaw plate design errors caused by traditional model surgery, the shape of the jaw plate still maintains its original shape, and manual adjustment is still required to remove interference. The printing materials for three-dimensional printing of jaw plates are completely Opaque, its accuracy and clinical experience are still poor. At present, most medical units in China still use traditional model surgery to produce positioning jaw plates.

For this reason, this new model provides a solution to the above problems.

The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide a new type of dental instrument and dental instrument set for positioning the upper and lower jaws in orthognathic surgery.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by this new model are as follows:

A dental instrument for orthognathic surgery, including: a shell-shaped body with a tooth receiving cavity for accommodating multiple teeth on the jaw, and at least one constraining opposing jaw is provided on the lingual or labial side of the anterior tooth area of the shell-shaped body The limiting portion of the dentition has a geometric structure that constrains the positional relationship between the dentition and the opposing jaw and stably maintains the dentition at the first target position. The geometric structure has the function of compensating the first target position and The first thickness of the vertical upward distance between the opposing dentitions at the corresponding position of the limiting part; the geometric structure has the function of compensating the distance between the first target position and the opposing dentition at the corresponding position of the limiting part in the sagittal direction the second thickness.

Preferably, the limiting portion covers 1/2~2/3 of the crowns of the front teeth at the corresponding positions of the pair of jaws.

Preferably, the extension length of the limiting portion in the vertical direction is 1 mm ~ 2 mm.

Preferably, the length of the limiting portion along the dental arch direction accounts for 20% to 40% of the dental arch.

Preferably, one end of the limiting portion adjacent to the opposing jaw dentition has a limiting structure that restricts the freedom of movement of the dentition and the opposing jaw in the sagittal direction.

Preferably, the limiting structure is an occlusion mark that matches the shape of the corresponding teeth in the opposing jaw dentition.

Preferably, the occlusal surface of the posterior tooth region of the shell-like body is provided with a limiting portion, and the limiting portion has a thickness that compensates for the vertical upward distance between the first target bit and its corresponding position of the opposing dentition.

Preferably, the limiting part covers 1/3~1/2 of the crown of the posterior teeth at the corresponding position of the pair of jaws.

Preferably, the length of the limiting portion and the limiting portion along the dental arch direction accounts for 40% to 80% of the dental arch.

Preferably, the limiting portion has a limiting element structure that restricts the freedom of movement of the dental jaw and the opposing jaw in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the limiting element structure has a friction matching structure with the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth in the opposing jaw dentition.

Preferably, the limiting element structure is a structure that matches the concave and convex shape of the corresponding teeth in the opposing jaw dentition.

Preferably, the limiting element structure is an bite mark that matches the shape of the corresponding teeth in the opposing jaw dentition.

Preferably, the number of the defining parts is an even number, and all the defining parts are arranged symmetrically about the tooth midline.

Preferably, there is an inter-proximal gap between the adjacent limiting parts.

Preferably, the interproximal space is set between teeth No. 1 and No. 1, or between the distal part of tooth No. 2 and the mesial part of tooth No. 3, or between the distal part of tooth No. 4 and the mesial part of tooth No. 5. between near and middle.

Preferably, the interproximal space is set symmetrically about the tooth midline.

Preferably, the shell-like body and the limiting part are an integral structure, and the thickness of the limiting part is greater than the thickness of the shell-like body.

Preferably, the limiting part and the shell-like body have a separate structure; the limiting part has a first bonding surface, and the shell-like body has a second bonding surface; the first bonding surface and the second bonding surface The limiting part is fixedly connected to the shell-shaped body through adhesive bonding.

Preferably, the limiting portion is fixedly connected to the lingual side and/or the labial side of the shell-like body through ultrasonic welding.

Preferably, the rigidity of the limiting portion is greater than the rigidity of the first shell-shaped body.

Preferably, the elastic modulus of the material of the limiting part is greater than the elastic modulus of the material of the shell-shaped body.

Preferably, the limiting portion is provided with reinforcing ridges on its left and right sides.

A dental instrument set, including a first dental instrument and a second dental instrument. The first dental instrument is a dental instrument as described in any one of the above. The second dental instrument is a dental instrument as described in any one of the above. A dental instrument, the second dental instrument has a tooth receiving cavity with the same shape as the first dental instrument.

Preferably, after the first dental instrument is worn on the dentition and positioned at the first target position, the second dental instrument is worn on the same dentition to position the opposing dentition at the second target position.

Preferably, the first dental instrument and the second dental instrument are worn on the maxillary dentition.

The dental instruments and dental instrument sets provided by the present invention can bring at least one of the following beneficial effects:

1. Compared with the traditional orthognathic surgery jaw plate, the tooth storage cavity of the dental instrument in this new model completely wraps the crowns of all teeth on the dentition to prevent the dental instrument from falling off the teeth when used during the operation. Come down. In addition, the limited portion on the dental instrument guides the dentition and jaw into position, stably maintaining the dentition and jaw that need to be moved at the target position that needs to be reached, improving the accuracy and stability of orthognathic surgery. .

2. The dental instrument provided by this new model is equipped with a limiter on the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth. The limiter protrudes from the occlusal surface of the dental instrument in the direction of the opposite jaw. Compared with the traditional jaw plate, the dental instrument provided by this model is There is no protruding structure on the buccal side, which does not affect the intermaxillary ligation during surgery.

P1~P3, 101~103, 201~203: steps

1: Shell body

11:Tooth storage cavity

12:Limited Department

13: Limiting part

2: Second shell body

21:Tooth storage cavity

22:Second Limited Division

23:Second limiting part

3:Titanium plate

H1: first thickness

H2: second thickness

H3: The third thickness

The following will describe the embodiments in a clear and easy-to-understand manner with reference to the accompanying drawings, and further explain the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the new dental instrument; Figure 2 is a schematic front view of the new dental instrument; Figure 3 is a top view of the new dental instrument; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the new dental instrument from another perspective; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the new dental instrument from another perspective; Figure 6 is a schematic rear view of the new dental instrument; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the new dental instrument; Figure 8 is another embodiment of the new dental instrument. Schematic diagram of the embodiment; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the new dental instrument set; Figure 10 is a flow chart of the design method and preparation method of the new dental instrument set; Figure 11 is a design method and preparation method of the new dental instrument set Flowchart of the method.

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the specific implementation modes of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those with ordinary knowledge in this technical field, other drawings and other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without making any progress.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. indicate The orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operation and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connection, or integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

This new type of dental instrument for orthognathic surgery is made of transparent polymer material with a thickness between 1.0mm and 1.5mm. The transparent material can facilitate the doctor to observe the position of the moved teeth during use. (Whether the teeth are accurately moved to the target position), which improves the accuracy of the surgery. Moreover, the thickness of the dental instrument is set between 1.0mm and 1.5mm, which can reduce the impact of the thickness of the dental instrument on the surgical accuracy.

In addition, the dental instrument is worn on the maxillary dentition or the mandibular dentition during use, preferably on the maxillary dentition, because the maxillary dentition is located in front of the mandibular dentition, and it is worn on the maxillary dentition. Only when the dental instrument is aligned can the limiting portion on the dental instrument extend sagittally to locate the positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws. The advantage of extending the limiting portion sagittally is that the design of the limiting portion does not affect the labial muscles.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. The dental instrument in the present model has a shell-shaped body 1 that accommodates a tooth receiving cavity 11 corresponding to multiple teeth on the jaw. The tooth receiving cavity 11 can be designed to accommodate some teeth on the corresponding jaw. Or all teeth, preferably all teeth on the corresponding jaw. In some orthognathic surgeries, narrow jaws need to be separated, and the jaws are divided into 2 to 4 pieces according to the surgical plan. Dental instruments with all tooth receiving cavities 11 can position the teeth in different parts and separate the teeth. relative position between the jaw bones.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. The lingual or labial side of the anterior tooth area of the shell-shaped body 1 of the dental instrument is provided with at least one limiting portion 12 for constraining the opposing jaw dentition. The geometric structure has the function of compensating the positional relationship between the first target position and the corresponding position of the limiting portion 12 in the vertical direction (the X-axis in the figure). direction); the geometric structure has a first thickness H1 extending in the sagittal direction (the direction of the Y-axis in the figure) to compensate for the distance between the first target bit and the opposing dentition at the corresponding position of the limiting portion 12 Two thickness H2.

Among them, the anterior tooth area of this new model refers to teeth No. 1 to No. 4, that is, the central incisors, lateral incisors, canines and first premolars. Preferably, the shell-shaped body 1 of the dental instrument is worn on the maxillary dentition, and the limiting portion 12 is provided on the lingual side. Generally speaking, orthognathic surgery will first move the maxillary bone, put dental instruments on the maxillary dentition, and use the mandibular dentition as a reference. By moving the dental instruments, the maxillary dentition and maxillary bone will be moved, and the maxillary bone will be moved. Positioned as the first target element of surgical design. However, the design position of the wearing dentition of the shell-like body 1 and the limiting portion 12 can be changed according to the orthognathic surgery plan. For example, for cases of three types of malocclusion, according to the surgical plan, the first target position is that the mandible is in front of the maxilla, then the shell-shaped The main body 1 can be designed to be worn on the mandibular dentition, and the limiting portion 12 is arranged in the sagittal direction. Alternatively, the shell-like body 1 can also be designed to be worn on the maxillary dentition, and the limiting portion 12 is provided on the labial side.

In the present invention, the limiting portion 12 extends in the vertical and sagittal directions toward the opposing jaw to cover part of the crown of the opposing jaw teeth, so as to stably maintain the relative position of the upper and lower jaws at the first target position according to the surgical plan. . The geometric structure of the limiting portion 12 compensates for the distance in the vertical direction (the direction of the X-axis in the figure) between the first target bit and the opposing dentition at the corresponding position of the limiting portion 12 being the first thickness H1; the geometric structure of the limiting portion 12 In the sagittal direction (the direction of the Y-axis in the figure), the distance between the opposing jaw rows that compensates the first target position and the corresponding position of the limiting portion 12 is the second thickness H2. It should be added that the sagittal direction in the present model is the direction perpendicular to the tangent line of the dental arch at the corresponding position.

In some embodiments, the limiting portion 12 covers 1/2~2/3 of the crown of the anterior teeth at the corresponding position of the opposing jaw.

In some embodiments, the extension length of the limiting portion 12 in the vertical direction is 1 mm ~ 2 mm.

In the vertical direction, the limiting portion 12 covers 1/2~2/3 of the crowns of the anterior teeth at the corresponding positions of the opposing jaws, and the limiting portion 12 can cover 1mm~2mm of the labial and/or lingual surfaces of the teeth at the corresponding positions of the opposing jaws. The advantage of this design is that the movable jaws can be accurately positioned at the first target position, and can also reduce the obstruction of the shell-shaped body 1 to the surgeon's view of the positioning of the jaws, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the operation. .

In some embodiments, the length of the limiting portion 12 along the dental arch direction accounts for 20% to 40% of the dental arch.

In some embodiments, one end of the limiting portion 12 adjacent to the opposing jaw dentition has a defining structure that restricts the freedom of movement of the dentition and the opposing jaw in the sagittal direction.

In some embodiments, the defining structure is an occlusal impression that matches the shape of the corresponding teeth of the opposing dentition.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the length of the limiting portion 12 along the dental arch direction PP′ accounts for 20% to 40% of the dental arch. In the preferred technical solution, the length of the defining portion 12 along the dental arch direction PP' accounts for 40% of the dental arch, so as to provide a more accurate positioning effect. Referring to Figure 5, one end of the limiting portion 12 adjacent to the opposing jaw dentition has a limiting structure that restricts the movement freedom of the teeth and the opposing jaw in the sagittal direction. The limiting structure is an occlusion mark that matches the shape of the corresponding teeth of the opposing jaw dentition. , the bite mark matches the concave and convex shape of the corresponding teeth in the opposing dentition, so that the teeth can be accurately positioned at the first target position without unwanted movement.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6 , the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth area of the shell-like body 1 is provided with a limiting portion 13 , and the limiting portion 13 has the function of compensating the gap between the first target position and its corresponding position of the opposing dentition. Thickness at a vertical upward distance.

In some embodiments, the limiting portion 13 covers 1/3~1/2 of the crown of the posterior teeth at the corresponding position of the opposing jaw.

In some embodiments, the length of the limiting portion 12 and the limiting portion 13 along the dental arch direction accounts for 40% to 80% of the dental arch.

In some embodiments, the limiting portion 13 has a limiting element structure that restricts the freedom of movement of the teeth and the opposing jaws in the horizontal direction.

In some embodiments, the limiting element structure has a friction matching structure with the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth in the opposing jaw dentition.

In some embodiments, the limiting element structure is a structure that matches the concave and convex shapes of corresponding teeth in the opposing jaw dentition.

In some embodiments, the limiting element structure is an occlusal mark that matches the shape of the corresponding teeth in the opposing dentition.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , the occlusal surface of the posterior tooth area of the shell-shaped body 1 is further provided with a limiting portion 13, and the limiting portion 13 compensates the vertical upward distance between the first target position and the corresponding position of the opposite jaw teeth to be a third thickness H3. Among them, the posterior tooth area of the present invention refers to teeth No. 5 to No. 8, that is, the second premolar, the first permanent tooth, the second permanent tooth and the wisdom tooth. The limiting portion 13 vertically covers 1/3 to 1/2 of the crown of the posterior teeth at the corresponding position of the opposite jaw. The crown of the posterior teeth is shorter than that of the anterior teeth, and the space in the oral cavity of the posterior teeth area is relatively narrow. The limiting portion 13 vertically covers 1/3 to 1/2 of the crown of the mandibular teeth, which can ensure the positioning of the teeth in the posterior teeth area and leave enough observation space for the doctor to observe the positioning of the jaw. In addition, the length of the limiting portion 12 and the limiting portion 13 on the shell-shaped body 1 along the dental arch direction accounts for 40% to 80% of the dental arch. The limiting portion 13 also has a limiting element structure that constrains the freedom of movement of the jaw and the opposite jaw in the horizontal direction. The stopper structure and the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth of the opposing dentition have a friction matching structure, that is, the surface of the stopper structure and the opposing dentition is a friction surface, and the friction coefficient of the friction surface can prevent the corresponding teeth of the opposing dentition from sliding relative to each other when contacting the friction surface. Alternatively, the stopper structure is an occlusal mark that matches the shape of the corresponding teeth of the opposing dentition. The occlusal mark is a concave-convex matching with the tooth shape of the opposing jaw dentition, so that the jaw can be accurately positioned at the first target position without unexpected movement. The limiter structure can also be a concave-convex matching structure of other tooth shapes of the opposing jaw dentition that are not occlusal marks, that is, other structures that satisfy the limitation of the horizontal freedom of movement of the jaw and the opposing jaw, such as the lingual and buccal surfaces of the limiter structure extending toward the jaw to form grooves of the crown covering the corresponding tooth part of the opposing jaw, thereby realizing the limitation of the horizontal freedom of movement of the opposing jaw by the limiter.

In some embodiments, the number of defining portions 12 is an even number, and all defining portions 12 are arranged symmetrically about the tooth midline.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , the number of defining portions 12 is an even number, and the plurality of defining portions 12 are symmetrically arranged about the tooth midline AA′. In addition, the number of limiting parts 13 is also an even number. Set symmetrically to the tooth midline. Of course, in some cases, the shell-like body 1 can also be provided with a limiting portion 12 and/or two limiting portions 13 in the anterior tooth area. There is a gap between the limiting portion 12 and the limiting portion 13. One limiting portion 12 The two limiting parts 13 are also arranged symmetrically with respect to the tooth midline. The advantage of the symmetrical arrangement with respect to the tooth midline is that the limiting portion 13 and/or the limiting portion 12 can evenly distribute the load of the teeth, making the positioning of the teeth more accurate.

In some embodiments, there is an interproximal gap between adjacent defining portions 12 .

In some embodiments, the interproximal space is set between teeth No. 1 and No. 1, or between the distal part of tooth No. 2 and the mesial part of tooth No. 3, or between the distal part of tooth No. 4 and tooth No. 5. between the near center.

In some embodiments, the interproximal spaces are positioned symmetrically about the tooth midline.

In some embodiments, as shown with reference to FIG. 7 , there is an interproximal gap between adjacent defining portions 12 . Or there is an inter-adjacent gap between adjacent limiting parts 12 and adjacent limiting parts 13 . The interproximal space is set between teeth No. 1 and No. 1, or between the distal part of tooth No. 2 and the mesial part of tooth No. 3, or between the distal part of tooth No. 4 and the mesial part of tooth No. 5. , and the interproximal space is set symmetrically about the tooth midline. The setting of the interproximal space allows the doctor to observe the positioning of the teeth during surgery.

In some embodiments, the shell body 1 is provided with a mounting platform for the limiting portion 12 . The mounting platform has a first bonding surface, and the limiting portion 12 has a second bonding surface. The surface of the first bonding surface matches the surface shape of the second bonding surface. Preferably, a plane is used that is easy to manufacture into an industrial standard part, and the standard is unified during the production process to facilitate mass production and manufacturing.

In some embodiments, the limiting part 12 and the shell-like body 1 have a separate structure. The limiting part 12 has a first bonding surface, and the shell-like body 1 has a second bonding surface. The first bonding surface and the second bonding surface The limiting portion 12 can be fixedly connected to the shell-shaped body 1 through adhesive means.

In some embodiments, the limiting portion 12 can be directly fixedly connected to the lingual side and/or labial side of the shell-like body 1 through ultrasonic welding. The production cost is reduced, and the production process is clean and pollution-free.

In some embodiments, when the limiting part 12 and the shell-like body 1 have a separate structure, the shell-shaped body 1 and the limiting part 12 have a structure of snapping with each other. The snap-fitting portion cooperates so that the limiting portion 12 is detachably fixed on the shell-like body 1, such as a mortise-and-tenon structure. The shell-like body 1 can be used multiple times in different steps by replacing the limiting portion 12 .

In some embodiments, the stiffness of the defining portion 12 is greater than the stiffness of the shell-like body 1 .

In some embodiments, the elastic modulus of the material of the defining portion 12 is greater than the elastic modulus of the material of the shell-like body 1 .

In some embodiments, the shell-like body 1 and the limiting portion 12 are an integral structure, and the thickness of the limiting portion 12 is greater than the thickness of the shell-like body 1 .

In some embodiments, the limiting portion 12 is provided with reinforcing ridges on the left and right sides.

In some embodiments, the stiffness of the defining portion 12 is greater than the stiffness of the shell-like body 1 . The elastic modulus of the material of the limiting portion 12 is greater than the elastic modulus of the material of the shell-like body 1 . The thickness of the limiting part 12 may be slightly larger than the thickness of the shell-shaped body 1. For example, the thickness of the shell-shaped body 1 is in the range of 0.5mm~1.0mm, and the thickness of the limiting part 12 is in the range of 0.55mm~1.05mm. Alternatively, the limiting portion 12 has a multi-layer structure to enhance the strength of the limiting portion 12 and thus improve the deformation resistance of the limiting portion 12 . The multilayer structure includes at least an inner layer on the side closer to the tooth and an outer layer on the side farther from the tooth. Wherein, the elastic modulus of the outer layer material may be greater than the elastic modulus of the inner layer material. The inner layer material can be made of materials with an elastic modulus ranging from 0.2Mpa to 500Mpa, and the outer layer material can be made of materials with an elastic modulus ranging from 0.5Mpa to 600Mpa. As an alternative or combination, the thickness of the outer layer may be greater than the thickness of the inner layer, which may range from 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the outer layer may range from 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm. Alternatively, the left and right side surfaces of the limiting portion 12 A reinforcing ridge structure is provided. The reinforcing ridge can be a convex or concave structure from the surface of the restricting portion 12. By increasing the surface curvature of the restricting portion 12, the deformation resistance of the restricting portion 12 is improved, so that the restricting portion 12 is in use. There will be no deformation during the process, which will affect the accuracy of the surgery.

Referring to Figure 8, the present invention also includes a dental instrument set having a first dental instrument and a second dental instrument. The first shell-shaped body 1 of the first dental instrument and the second shell-shaped body 2 of the second dental instrument are in sequence. By positioning the first jaw and the second jaw respectively, the second dental instrument has a tooth receiving cavity 21 consistent with the shape of the first dental instrument. The second shell body 2 also has a second limiting portion 22 and/or a second limiting portion 23 . Orthognathic surgery works by moving the errant upper and lower jaw bones to their normal positions and then refixing them until the bones heal. Therefore, in most cases, the patient's upper and lower jaws will need to be moved. This new dental instrument set can be used to ensure that the upper and lower jaws are moved to the correct target position.

For example, as shown in Figure 9, step P1: first move the patient's upper jaw according to the surgical plan. Under the premise that the position of the lower jaw remains unchanged, the patient first wears the first shell-shaped body 1 on the upper jaw dentition. The jaw is used as a reference object, and the limiting part 12 and/or the limiting part 13 are stuck on the mandibular dentition so that the upper jaw is positioned at the first target position, and then the maxilla is fixed with the titanium plate 3, and then the first shell is removed. Ontology 1. Step P2: Using the upper jaw as a reference, the second shell-shaped body 2 is also worn on the upper jaw dentition, and the lower jaw dentition is stuck at the second limiting part 22 and/or the second limiting part 23, so that the lower jaw moves to the second limiting part 22 and/or the second limiting part 23. Second target position, then perform intermaxillary ligation and fixation, and fix the mandible with titanium plate 3. The advantage of both the first shell-shaped body 1 and the second shell-shaped body 2 being worn on the maxillary dentition is that the crowns of the maxillary teeth are generally larger than the crowns of the lower mandibular teeth. Therefore, the shell-shaped body is worn on the maxillary teeth. The retention force on the columns is stronger, making the shell-shaped body less likely to fall off during use.

The invention also discloses a design method and preparation method of dental instruments, as shown in Figure 10.

Step 101: Generate a digital model.

Based on the patient's digital maxillary model (first initial jaw digital model) and digital mandibular model (second initial jaw digital model) provided by medical staff or other professionals, or obtain the patient's jaw model generated and input by other equipment. The digital maxillary model and the digital mandibular model, that is, the acquisition method or method of the digital maxillary model and the digital mandibular model does not limit the patient.

Step 102, digital limiter setting.

Design at least one limiting part digital model on the lingual or labial side of the anterior tooth region to constrain the opposing jaw dentition, specifically including the characteristic information of the designed limiting part digital model; wherein the limiting part digital model feature information includes the size information of the limiting part digital model and Default position; the size information includes the first digitized thickness of the vertical upward distance between the first dental digital model and the second initial jaw-aligning digital model at the corresponding position of the limiting portion digital model to compensate for the limiting portion digital model; the limiting portion digital model Compensating the second digital thickness of the sagittal upward distance between the first dental and jaw digital model and the second initial opposing jaw digital model at the corresponding position of the limiting portion digital model; based on the first dental and jaw digital model and the limiting portion digital model, generate A first target dental jaw digital model with a limiting portion digital model; the first thickness and the second thickness satisfy that the digital limiting portion covers 1/2 to 2/3 of the anterior tooth crown at the corresponding position of the digital mandibular model.

Step 103, manufacturing dental instruments. A first dental instrument having a tooth receiving cavity for accommodating multiple maxillary teeth is manufactured based on the first target dental digital model. The limiting portion on the first dental instrument has the function of constraining the positional relationship between the teeth and the opposing jaw and stabilizing the teeth. Maintain the geometry of the first target bit.

Step 103 can use additive manufacturing to manufacture dental instruments.

Additive manufacturing can also be called 3D printing. It integrates computer-aided design, material processing and molding technology, and is based on digital model files. It uses software and CNC systems to combine special metal materials and non-metallic materials. Materials and medical biological materials are accumulated layer by layer through extrusion, sintering, melting, light curing, spraying, etc. to create manufacturing technology for physical objects.

In step 103, the dental instrument can be manufactured by hot pressing film.

First, an additive manufacturing method is used to manufacture a physical model of the first target tooth and jaw digital model, and then a hot stamping film is performed on the physical model to manufacture the first dental instrument.

The invention also discloses a design method and preparation method of a dental instrument set, as shown in Figure 11.

Step 201: Generate a digital model. Based on the patient's digital maxillary model (first initial jaw digital model) and digital mandibular model (second initial jaw digital model) provided by medical staff or other professionals, or obtain the patient's jaw model generated and input by other equipment. The digital maxillary model and the digital mandibular model, that is, the acquisition method or method of the digital maxillary model and the digital mandibular model does not limit the patient.

Step 202, digital limiter setting. Obtain the first dental digital model of the first target element according to the surgical plan, and design at least one limiting part digital model on the lingual or labial side of the anterior tooth area of the first dental digital model to constrain the dentition of the opposing jaw. Specifically, It includes the feature information of the digital model of the limited portion of the design; wherein the feature information of the digital model of the limited portion includes the size information and preset position of the digital model of the limited portion; the size information includes the digital model of the limited portion compensated by the first dental jaw digital model corresponding to the digital model of the limited portion The first digitized thickness of the vertical upward distance between the second initial jaw-matching digital model at the position; the limiting portion digital model compensates for the gap between the first dental jaw digital model and the second initial jaw-matching digital model at the corresponding position of the limiting portion digital model. The second digital thickness in the sagittal upward distance; based on the first dental and jaw digital model and the limiting part digital model, generate a first target dental and jaw digital model having the limiting part digital model; Obtain a second digital model of the opposing jaws in the second target element according to the surgical plan, and design at least one second limiting portion digital model on the lingual or labial side of the anterior tooth region of the first dental digital model to constrain the dentition of the opposing jaws. , specifically including designing feature information of the second limiting part digital model; wherein the feature information of the second limiting part digital model includes size information and preset position of the second limiting part digital model; the size information includes the second limiting part digital model compensating the first tooth The first digital thickness of the vertical upward distance between the second pair of jaw digital models at corresponding positions of the jaw digital model and the second limiting portion digital model; the second limiting portion digital model compensates the first jaw digital model and the second limiting portion The second digital thickness of the sagittal upward distance between the second pair of jaw digital models at corresponding positions of the digital model; based on the first jaw digital model and the second limiting portion digital model, generate a third limiting portion digital model with the second limiting portion digital model Two-objective dental digital model.

Step 203: Manufacture a dental instrument set. A first dental instrument having a tooth receiving cavity for accommodating multiple maxillary teeth is manufactured based on the first target dental digital model. The limiting portion on the first dental instrument has the function of constraining the positional relationship between the teeth and the opposing jaw and stabilizing the teeth. The geometric structure of the first target bit is maintained; a second dental instrument having a tooth receiving cavity for accommodating a plurality of maxillary teeth is manufactured according to the second target tooth digital model, and the limiting portion on the second dental instrument has a constraining tooth jaw and The positional relationship between the jaws is maintained and the jaws are stably maintained in the geometric structure of the second target position.

Step 203 may use additive manufacturing to manufacture the shell-shaped dental instrument set.

Additive manufacturing can also be called 3D printing. It integrates computer-aided design, material processing and molding technology, based on digital model files, and uses software and CNC systems to convert special metal materials, non-metal materials and medical biological materials according to the Manufacturing technology that builds physical objects layer by layer through extrusion, sintering, melting, light curing, and spraying.

In addition, in order to highlight the innovative part of the present invention, units that are not closely related to solving the technical problems raised by the present invention are not introduced in this embodiment, but this does not mean that there are no other units in this embodiment.

It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed to form different new embodiments as long as there is no contradiction. The embodiments formed after such combinations are all within the protection scope of the present invention. In order to save The length of the application text will not be detailed here.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be made. regarded as the protection scope of this new model.

Likewise, the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can easily think of changes or modifications within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement shall be covered by the protection scope of this new model. Therefore, the protection scope of this new model should be subject to the protection scope of the patent application.

1: Shell body

11:Tooth storage cavity

12:Limited Department

Claims (25)

A dental instrument used for orthognathic surgery, including: a shell-shaped body having a tooth receiving cavity for accommodating multiple teeth on the jaw, wherein the lingual or labial side of the anterior tooth area of the shell-shaped body is provided with a device for constraining the teeth At least one limiting part of the jaw dentition, the at least one limiting part has a geometric structure that constrains the positional relationship between the dentition and the opposing jaw and stably maintains the dentition in the first target position, and the geometric structure has the function of compensating the third A first thickness in the vertical upward distance between a target position and the opposing dentition corresponding to the at least one limiting portion; the geometric structure has the function of compensating the first target position corresponding to the at least one limiting portion in the sagittal direction Position of the second thickness of the distance between the opposing dentitions. The dental instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one limiting portion covers 1/2 to 2/3 of the crowns of the anterior teeth at the corresponding positions of the opposing jaws. The dental instrument according to claim 2, wherein the extension length of the at least one limiting portion in the vertical direction is 1 mm ~ 2 mm. The dental instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the at least one limiting portion along the dental arch direction accounts for 20% to 40% of the dental arch. The dental instrument according to claim 1, wherein one end of the at least one limiting portion adjacent to the opposing jaw dentition has a limiting structure that restricts the freedom of movement of the dentition and the opposing jaw in the sagittal direction. The dental instrument according to claim 5, wherein the defining structure is an occlusion mark that matches the shape of the corresponding teeth of the opposing jaw dentition. The dental instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the occlusal surface of the posterior tooth region of the shell-like body is provided with a limiting portion, and the limiting portion has the function of compensating the gap between the first target position and the corresponding position of the opposing dentition. Thickness at vertical upward distance. The dental instrument as claimed in claim 7, wherein the limiting portion covers 1/3 to 1/2 of the crowns of the posterior teeth at corresponding positions of the opposing jaws. The dental instrument according to claim 7, wherein the length of the at least one limiting portion and the limiting portion along the dental arch direction accounts for 40% to 80% of the dental arch. The dental instrument according to claim 7, wherein the limiting portion has a limiting element structure that restricts the degree of freedom of movement of the tooth jaw and the opposing jaw in the horizontal direction. The dental instrument as claimed in claim 10, wherein the limiting element structure has a friction matching structure with the occlusal surface of the corresponding teeth of the opposing jaw dentition. The dental instrument according to claim 10, wherein the limiting element structure is a structure that matches the concave and convex shape of the corresponding teeth in the opposing jaw dentition. The dental instrument according to claim 12, wherein the limiting element structure is an occlusion mark that matches the shape of the corresponding teeth of the opposing jaw dentition. The dental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the number of the at least one defining portion is an even number, and all the defining portions in the at least one defining portion are arranged symmetrically about the tooth midline. The dental instrument according to claim 14, wherein there is an interproximal gap between adjacent ones of the at least one limiting portion. The dental instrument as described in claim 15, wherein the interproximal space is set between teeth No. 1 and No. 1, or between the distal portion of tooth No. 2 and the mesial portion of tooth No. 3, or between the distal portion of tooth No. 4. Between the distal part and the mesial part of tooth No. 5. The dental instrument of claim 16, wherein the interproximal space is symmetrically arranged about the tooth midline. The dental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the shell-like body and the at least one limiting part are an integral structure, and the thickness of the at least one limiting part is greater than the thickness of the shell-like body. The dental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the at least one limiting part and the shell-shaped body are separate structures; the at least one limiting part has a first bonding surface, and the shell-shaped body has a second bonding surface; The first bonding surface and the second bonding surface securely connect the at least one limiting portion to the shell-shaped body through bonding. The dental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the at least one limiting portion is fixedly connected to the lingual side and/or the labial side of the shell-like body through ultrasonic welding. The dental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the stiffness of the at least one limiting portion is greater than the stiffness of the shell-like body. The dental instrument according to claim 21, wherein the elastic modulus of the material of the at least one defining portion is greater than the elastic modulus of the material of the shell-like body. The dental instrument of claim 21, wherein reinforcing ridges are provided on left and right sides of the at least one limiting portion. A dental instrument set, including a first dental instrument and a second dental instrument. The first dental instrument is the dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 23, and the second dental instrument is the dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 23. The dental instrument according to any one of 23, the second dental instrument has a tooth receiving cavity consistent in shape with the first dental instrument; when the first dental instrument is worn on the dentition and the dentition is positioned at the first target position Afterwards, the first dental instrument worn on the dentition is removed and the second dental instrument is worn on the dentition to position the opposing dentition at the second target position. The dental instrument set of claim 24, wherein the first dental instrument and the second dental instrument are worn on the maxillary dentition.