TWM632469U - Air jet enhanced smoke production system - Google Patents

Abstract

An air jet-enhanced smoke volume generating system includes a smoke increasing device, the smoke increasing device has an air duct, the air duct is connected with a blower and a smoke generator; at least one side of the exhaust end of the air duct is provided with at least one fire Disk assembly; and a jet propulsion device is positioned around the exhaust end of the air duct and the outer periphery of at least one fire plate assembly. In this way, during the full-scale hot smoke test, the smoke generator can generate smoke, and the smoke output from the exhaust end of the air duct can be gradually increased through the control of the blower. The initial thermal energy of the rise; and the jet propulsion device is used to provide the upward jet flow, so as to entrain more air to form a larger smoke, and at the same time increase the upward momentum, so that the rising smoke can approach the height of the smoke layer in the large space building.

Description

Air jet enhanced smoke production system

This creation relates to an air jet-enhanced smoke generation system, especially one that can allow the smoke to reach and maintain the smoke storage area above the test site when a smoke test is carried out in a large space building.

The development history and evolution of the on-site full-scale hot smoke test before the building is completed and put into use in my country can be divided into three stages. The first stage is the cold smoke test period with smoke bombs. The smoke systems used in the test are black and red smoke bombs. Since no additional heating system is added, it can be regarded as the most basic cold smoke test. The second stage is the hot smoke test period with gasoline pan as heat source and smoke source. Since the smoke bomb is used as the source of smoke, it obviously lacks the thermal buoyancy that makes the smoke rise; observing the flow trajectory of the fire smoke will be obviously distorted, so there is a direct heating of the gasoline pan to generate synchronously. Conception of desired heat release rate and dense smoke output. In short, if a 5 MW hot smoke test is to be carried out, a gasoline pan with a 5 MW fire source is used, then it will naturally generate 5 MW of hot smoke, so as to simultaneously present a 5 MW fire source. and smoke generation to simulate a 5 MW fire scenario. The third stage is based on the Australian standard "AS 4391" smoke control system hot smoke test procedure specification, which uses industrial alcohol as the heating source, and uses environmentally friendly oil particles as the hot smoke test period for white smoke. And the fire full-scale hot smoke test CNS15937 smoke control system performance field test method - hot smoke test, which was announced and implemented in my country in October 2005, also takes this as the main axis.

During the above-mentioned hot smoke test, since the amount of smoke generated by the smoke source is fixed, the amount of smoke rising with the hot gas is also proportional to the time. However, in the actual fire situation, the amount of smoke rising is not the same as the amount of smoke produced by the experiment, and the result of the experiment will have a large error. Therefore, in order to overcome this problem, as shown in the patent case of Published No. TW M592772 "Smoke Amplifying Device", a blower is connected and positioned in a pipe of an air duct, and after the rotational speed of the blower is gradually increased, it can be By controlling the increase of smoke exhaust volume, the performance of the smoke control system can be faithfully presented during the hot smoke test in the field, so as to greatly improve the accuracy of performance evaluation.

However, for buildings with large spaces such as high atriums or indoor gymnasiums such as domes, airport terminals, shopping malls or exhibition centers, when conducting full-scale hot smoke tests, no matter whether CNS 15937 or AS4391 is used, In the test procedure, since the fire power of the methanol boiler is only a few hundred kilowatts, it cannot generate enough initial thermal buoyancy to simulate a fire of several megawatts. Therefore, the required large-scale smoke plume for the test cannot be produced. Formation of good stratification and a discernible clear smoke layer will result in failure of the test. At present, the commonly used solution is to use a large number of gasoline pans as the test fire source, so as to generate enough thermal buoyancy, so that the smoke can be maintained in the upper smoke storage area of the test field for a long time, so as to facilitate the smoke control system. The full-scale hot smoke test, that is, the actual fire source size of the designed fire situation is selected for the test. However, when conducting such a fire test, since a simulated fire source with the same heat will be generated, the risk of the test will be greatly increased; moreover, since a large amount of rising black smoke will be generated, and after the black smoke has dissipated, it will still be Attaching to the interior of the large space building will not only cause environmental damage to the test site, but also require a lot of time for cleaning operations, which increases the test cost.

In view of this, in order to provide a structure that is different from the conventional technology and improve the above-mentioned shortcomings, the creator has accumulated many years of experience and continuous research and development improvement, so this creation came into being.

One of the purposes of this creation is to provide an air jet-enhanced smoke generation system, which can solve the problem that when the conventional fire simulation experiment is performed, the risk of the experiment will be greatly increased, the environmental damage of the experiment site will be caused, and the experiment cost will be increased. And a jet propulsion device can be surrounded and positioned around the exhaust end of an air duct and the outside of at least one fire plate group, so as to allow the blower to control the rising exhaust volume during the hot smoke test in the interior of the large space building, so as to prevent At least one fire plate group provides the initial thermal energy of the rise, and the jet propulsion device provides the upward jet flow, entraining more air to form a larger smoke, making the design fire scenario of a larger fire close to several megawatts, and at the same time It can effectively increase the upward momentum, so that the rising smoke can approach the height of the smoke layer, as expected in the design of the fire scene, thereby reducing the test risk, avoiding environmental damage to the test site, and reducing the test cost.

In order to achieve the purpose of the above-mentioned creation, the airflow jet enhanced smoke volume generation system provided in this creation includes a smoke increasing device, at least one fire plate group and a jet propulsion device. The smoke increasing device has an air duct, and the air duct is connected to a blower and a smoke generator. After the smoke generator generates smoke, the output is gradually increased upward from an exhaust end of the air duct; at least one fire plate set is positioned on the at least one side of the exhaust end of the air duct; and the jet propulsion device is surrounded and positioned at the exhaust end of the air duct and around the outside of the at least one fire plate group for upward jetting airflow.

During implementation, the blower is a variable frequency type, so that the rotational speed of the blower is gradually increased.

During implementation, at least one fire plate group includes a first fire plate group and a second fire plate group, the first fire plate group and the second fire plate group are parallel to each other, and the space between the first fire plate group and the second fire plate group is There is an exhaust end of the air duct, and there is a first space between the first fire plate group and one side of the exhaust end of the air pipe, and there is a space between the second fire plate group and the other side of the exhaust end of the air pipe. second interval.

During implementation, the jet propulsion device includes a first jet unit and a second jet unit, the first jet unit and the second jet unit are parallel to each other, and there are a first fire plate group and a second jet unit between the first jet unit and the second jet unit. 2. The exhaust end of the fire plate group and the air duct.

During implementation, this creation further includes a third jet unit and a fourth jet unit, the first jet unit, the second jet unit, the third jet unit and the fourth jet unit are framed together to form a square, and surround the air duct. The exhaust end and the outer periphery of at least one fire plate group.

During implementation, the jet propulsion device is electrically connected to a control unit for controlling the jetting speed of the upwardly jetted airflow of the jet propulsion device.

In order to facilitate a deeper understanding of this creation, it is detailed below:

The inventive airflow jet enhanced smoke volume generating system mainly includes a smoke increasing device, at least one fire plate group and a jet propulsion device. The smoke increasing device has an air duct, which is connected to a blower and a smoke generator, so that after the smoke generator generates smoke, the output is gradually increased upward from an exhaust end of the air duct; at least one fire plate set is positioned on the at least one side of the exhaust end of the air duct; and the jet propulsion device surrounds and is positioned around the exhaust end of the air duct and the outer periphery of the at least one fire plate group for upward jetting airflow. In this way, during the full-scale hot smoke test, the smoke increasing device can be used to provide the smoke whose output gradually increases upward, the at least one fire plate group can be used to provide the initial thermal energy of the rise, and the jet propulsion device can be used to provide the upward jet flow, entrained More air to form larger smoke, and at the same time increase the momentum of the rise, so that the rising smoke can approach the height of the smoke layer to meet the expectations of the design fire scene.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , which are a preferred embodiment of an air jet enhanced smoke generation system 1 , which mainly includes a smoke increasing device 2 , at least one fire plate set 3 and a jet propulsion device 4 . The smoke increasing device 2 mainly includes an air duct 21. The air duct 21 is a cylinder with a pipe 22 inside. Exhaust end 24 . A blower 25 is arranged in the duct 22 of the air duct 21 , and the blower 25 is of an entrainment enhanced frequency conversion type, so that the rotational speed of the blower 25 is gradually increased after the rotational speed of the blower 25 is controlled. And at least one smoke generator 26 is located on the side of the intake end 23 of the air duct 21 for generating different amounts of smoke. When the rotational speed of the blower 25 is gradually increased through control, the smoke generated by at least one smoke generator 26 can be driven, so that the smoke flows from the intake end 23 of the air duct 21 toward the exhaust end 24, and the exhaust end 24 is discharged. The amount of smoke outputted upward from the gas end 24 is gradually increased to simulate the smoke state generated in an actual fire situation.

Each fire plate 31 of the at least one fire plate group 3 has fuel respectively. In this embodiment, the at least one fire plate group 3 includes a first fire plate group 32 and a second fire plate group 33. The first fire plate group 32 and the second fire plate group 33 are parallel to each other, the exhaust end 24 of the air duct 21 is located between the first fire plate group 32 and the second fire plate group 33, and the exhaust of the first fire plate group 32 and the air duct 21 A first space 34 is formed between one side of the end 24 , and a second space 35 is formed between the second fire plate group 33 and the other side of the exhaust end 24 of the air duct 21 .

The jet propulsion device 4 is electrically connected to a control unit 41 , so as to control the jetting speed of the upwardly ejected airflow from the jet propulsion device 4 . The jet propulsion device 4 includes a first jet unit 42, a second jet unit 43, a third jet unit 44 and a fourth jet unit 45, wherein the first jet unit 42 and the second jet unit 43 are parallel to each other, and the first jet unit 42 and the second jet unit 43 are parallel to each other. The three air blowing units 44 and the fourth air blowing unit 45 are parallel to each other, and together form a square, so as to surround the first fire plate group 32 , the exhaust end 24 of the air duct 21 and the outer periphery of the second fire plate group 33 .

Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3 , when at least one smoke generator 26 generates different amounts of smoke and generates suction through the rotation of the blower 25 , the smoke can be entered from the intake end 23 of the air duct 21 , and the amount of smoke The way of increasing is output upward from the exhaust end 24; then the fuel in each fire plate 31 is burnt separately to generate hot air flowing upward, which drives the smoke to flow upward; at the same time, the jet propulsion device 4 provides jet air to increase the upward momentum At the same time, the surrounding air is supplemented to entrain more air to form larger smoke, so that the rising smoke can approach the height of the smoke layer inside the large space building to simulate the rise and concentration distribution of smoke generated in the actual fire situation. .

Based on the structure of the above preferred embodiment, this creation is in a large space building with a length of 760m, a width of 120m and a height of 56m. The development was successful, and in 1999, the smoke distribution simulation test was carried out on the computer simulation program FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator), which was publicly released around the world. Maximum fire size: 14.5 MW Fire source size: 2m *20 m Fire source center position: X= 60m, Y=190m, Z=1m Fire source growth curve: According to the T-squared Ultra- Fast Curve growth specified by the US NFPA 92 standard Total analysis grid points: 2,553,600 Using jet propulsion device upward jet outlet wind speed: 6 m/s

The calculation results are analyzed and calculated by the FDS computer program. Among them, the pink is the original fire area composed of the smoke increasing device and several fire disk groups, the green is the jet propulsion device, and the pink and green part is the "effective fire area"; the colored part represents the temperature. High and low, red is the highest temperature (designated as 60 ^o C), followed by brown, yellow, light green, vivid green, light blue to dark blue (the temperature of dark blue is designated as 30 ^o C). By comparing the temperature distribution diagrams in Figure 4 without the jet propulsion device 4 and Figure 5 with the jet propulsion device, it can be seen that after using the air jet enhanced smoke volume generation system of the present invention, the smoke volume of the test smoke column is significantly increased , and distributed over a wide range. The above results even make the feasibility of conducting a hot smoke test in a huge space greatly improved.

To sum up, in the traditional fire test method, a very large-scale design heat source (Design Fire) has to be used for the test, in order to reproduce its huge thermal buoyancy during the test; but in fact, this Important features can be replaced with the Air Jet Enhanced Smoke Generation System of this creation. In this way, it can not only greatly increase the feasibility of hot smoke test in large-space buildings, but also greatly save the test cost and reduce the risk of the test, and at the same time, it can greatly reduce the damage to the test environment.

Although this creation discloses preferred specific embodiments to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, it is not intended to limit the structural features of this creation. Variations or modifications thereof are possible and are all covered by the scope of the patent application for this creation.

1: Air jet enhanced smoke generation system 2: Smoke increasing device 21: Duct 22: Pipes 23: Intake end 24: Exhaust end 25: Blower 26: Smoke Generator 3: Fire plate group 31: Fire Plate 32: The first fire plate group 33: The second fire plate group 34: First Interval 35: Second interval 4: Jet Propulsion 41: Control unit 42: First jet unit 43: Second jet unit 44: 3rd Jet Unit 45: Fourth Jet Unit

(Figure 1) is a top view of the preferred embodiment of this creation. ﹝ FIG. 2 ﹞ is a side sectional view of the preferred embodiment of this creation. ﹝ FIG. 3 ﹞ is a schematic diagram of the use state of the preferred embodiment of this creation. ﹝Figure 4﹞ is the temperature distribution map without the use of jet propulsion. ﹝Figure 5﹞ This is the temperature distribution map of the original creation using the jet propulsion device.

1: Air jet enhanced smoke generation system

2: Smoke increasing device

21: Duct

23: Intake end

24: Exhaust end

26: Smoke Generator

3: Fire plate group

31: Fire Plate

32: The first fire plate group

33: The second fire plate group

34: First Interval

35: Second interval

4: Jet Propulsion

41: Control unit

42: First jet unit

43: Second jet unit

44: 3rd Jet Unit

45: Fourth Jet Unit

Claims (6)

An air jet enhanced smoke generation system, comprising: a smoke increasing device, which has an air duct, the air duct is connected with a blower and a smoke generator, and after the smoke generator generates smoke, the output is gradually increased upward from an exhaust end of the air duct; at least one fire plate set positioned on at least one side of the exhaust end of the air duct; and a jet propulsion device, which surrounds and is positioned at the exhaust end of the air duct and the outer periphery of the at least one fire plate group for upward jetting airflow. As claimed in claim 1, the air jet enhanced smoke volume generating system, wherein the blower is a frequency conversion type, so that the rotational speed of the blower is gradually increased. The airflow injection enhanced smoke volume generation system of claim 1, wherein the at least one fire plate group includes a first fire plate group and a second fire plate group, and the first fire plate group and the second fire plate group are mutually In parallel, there is the exhaust end of the air duct between the first fire plate group and the second fire plate group, and there is a side between the first fire plate group and the exhaust end of the air pipe In the first space, there is a second space between the second fire plate group and the other side of the exhaust end of the air duct. As claimed in claim 3, the air jet enhanced smoke volume generating system, wherein the jet propulsion device comprises a first jet unit and a second jet unit, the first jet unit and the second jet unit are parallel to each other, and the first jet unit The first fire plate group, the second fire plate group and the exhaust end of the air duct are arranged between the unit and the second air jet unit. As claimed in claim 4, the airflow jet enhanced smoke volume generating system further comprises a third jet unit and a fourth jet unit, the first jet unit, the second jet unit, the third jet unit and the fourth jet unit A common frame of the air jet unit forms a square, and is used to surround the exhaust end of the air duct and the outer periphery of the at least one fire plate group. As claimed in claim 1, the air jet enhanced smoke volume generating system, wherein the jet propulsion device is electrically connected to a control unit for controlling the jet velocity of the upward jet of the jet propulsion device.

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