TWM618200U - Light emitting device - Google Patents

Light emitting device Download PDF

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Publication number
TWM618200U
TWM618200U TW110206157U TW110206157U TWM618200U TW M618200 U TWM618200 U TW M618200U TW 110206157 U TW110206157 U TW 110206157U TW 110206157 U TW110206157 U TW 110206157U TW M618200 U TWM618200 U TW M618200U
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conductive layer
light
electrode
emitting device
layer
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TW110206157U
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Chinese (zh)
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王志源
陳學文
廖育斌
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曜凌光電股份有限公司
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Publication of TWM618200U publication Critical patent/TWM618200U/en

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Abstract

A light emitting device includes a substrate, a first electrode disposed on the substrate, a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode and a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second electrode is formed of a plurality of conductive layer groups stacked on each other, each of the conductive layer groups includes a stack of a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer, and the material of the first conductive layer is different from the material of the second conductive layer.

Description

發光裝置Light-emitting device

本創作涉及一種發光裝置,特別是涉及一種具有較高透光度之電極設計的發光裝置。This creation relates to a light-emitting device, in particular to a light-emitting device with a higher light transmittance electrode design.

近年來,發光二極體如有機發光二極體(organic light emitting diode,OLED)因其低功耗、壽命長、高亮度等優點而成為顯示裝置領域中發展的重點之一。一般來說,發光二極體中的電極若使用金屬材料,會有透光度較低的問題。隨著使用者對於顯示裝置的需求逐漸增加,如何改善電極的設計以增加其透光率或降低電極的製程需求仍是本領域重要的議題之一。In recent years, light emitting diodes such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become one of the development focuses in the field of display devices due to their advantages of low power consumption, long life, and high brightness. Generally speaking, if a metal material is used for the electrode in the light-emitting diode, there will be a problem of low light transmittance. As the user's demand for display devices gradually increases, how to improve the design of the electrode to increase its light transmittance or reduce the process requirements of the electrode is still one of the important issues in this field.

本創作提供了一種發光裝置,其中發光裝置的電極可由複數個導電層組堆疊構成。如此一來,有效改善導電層的緻密性與均勻性問題;同時,本創作發光裝置的電極製程對於共蒸鍍製程的需求可降低,進而改善製程彈性。此外,本創作發光裝置中的電極可具有良好的光穿透率,藉此提升顯示裝置的顯示效果。The present invention provides a light-emitting device, wherein the electrode of the light-emitting device can be formed by stacking a plurality of conductive layer groups. In this way, the compactness and uniformity of the conductive layer are effectively improved; at the same time, the electrode manufacturing process of the inventive light-emitting device can reduce the demand for the co-evaporation process, thereby improving the process flexibility. In addition, the electrodes in the inventive light-emitting device can have good light transmittance, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.

根據一些實施例,本創作提供了一種發光裝置。發光裝置包括一基底、設置在基底上的一第一電極、相對於第一電極設置的一第二電極以及設置在第一電極與第二電極之間的一發光層。第二電極係由複數個導電層組堆疊構成,各導電層組分別包括堆疊設置的一第一導電層和一第二導電層,且第一導電層的材料不同於第二導電層的材料。According to some embodiments, the present creation provides a light emitting device. The light-emitting device includes a substrate, a first electrode arranged on the substrate, a second electrode arranged opposite to the first electrode, and a light-emitting layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second electrode is formed by stacking a plurality of conductive layer groups. Each conductive layer group includes a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer stacked, and the material of the first conductive layer is different from the material of the second conductive layer.

本領域技術人員能可經由參考以下的詳細描述並同時結合所附圖式而理解本創作,須注意的是,為了使讀者能容易瞭解及並使圖式簡潔,本創作的圖式只繪出顯示裝置的一部分,且所附圖式中的特定元件並非依照實際比例繪圖。此外,圖中各元件的數量及尺寸僅作為示意,並非用來限制本創作的範圍。Those skilled in the art can understand this creation by referring to the following detailed description and combining the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that in order to make the readers understand and concise the schematics, the schematics of this creation are only drawn A part of the display device, and the specific elements in the drawings are not drawn according to actual scale. In addition, the number and size of each component in the figure are only for illustration, and are not used to limit the scope of this creation.

應了解到,當元件或膜層被稱為在另一個元件或膜層“上”或“連接到”另一個元件或膜層時,它可以直接在此另一元件或膜層上或直接連接到此另一元件或膜層,或者兩者之間存在有插入的元件或膜層。相反地,當元件被稱為“直接”在另一個元件或膜層“上”或“直接連接到”另一個元件或膜層時,兩者之間不存在有插入的元件或膜層。It should be understood that when an element or film layer is referred to as being "on" or "connected" to another element or film layer, it can be directly on or directly connected to the other element or film layer. So far, there is another element or film layer, or there is an intervening element or film layer in between. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly" on or "directly connected" to another element or film layer, there is no intervening element or film layer between the two.

須知悉的是,以下所舉實施例可以在不脫離本創作的精神下,將數個不同實施例中的技術特徵進行替換、重組、混合以完成其他實施例。It should be noted that the following embodiments can replace, reorganize, and mix the technical features of several different embodiments without departing from the spirit of the creation to complete other embodiments.

請參考圖1,圖1為本創作第一實施例的發光裝置的剖視示意圖。本創作的發光裝置LD可應用於各種顯示裝置中,例如筆記型電腦、公共顯示器、拼接顯示器、車用顯示器、觸控顯示器、電視、監視器、智慧型手機、平板電腦、光源模組、照明設備或例如為應用於上述產品的電子裝置,但不以此為限。本實施例的發光裝置LD可為有機發光二極體。如圖1所示,發光裝置LD可包括基底SB、第一電極E1、發光層LEL以及第二電極E2,其中第一電極E1設置在基底SB上,第二電極E2相對於第一電極E1設置,而發光層LEL設置在第一電極E1和第二電極E2之間。詳細來說,第一電極E1、發光層LEL和第二電極E2可依序堆疊設置在基底SB上,但不以此為限。Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device according to the first embodiment of the creation. The light-emitting device LD created by this invention can be applied to various display devices, such as notebook computers, public displays, spliced displays, car displays, touch displays, TVs, monitors, smart phones, tablet computers, light source modules, lighting The device or, for example, an electronic device applied to the above-mentioned product, but not limited to this. The light-emitting device LD of this embodiment may be an organic light-emitting diode. As shown in FIG. 1, the light emitting device LD may include a substrate SB, a first electrode E1, a light emitting layer LEL, and a second electrode E2. The first electrode E1 is disposed on the substrate SB, and the second electrode E2 is disposed opposite to the first electrode E1. , And the light-emitting layer LEL is disposed between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2. In detail, the first electrode E1, the light emitting layer LEL, and the second electrode E2 can be stacked on the substrate SB in sequence, but not limited to this.

基底SB可為軟性基底或硬質基底,例如包括玻璃基底、矽基底、有機材料基底。本實施例基底SB例如包括鈉鈣玻璃(soda lime glass)基底,但不以此為限。The substrate SB may be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate, including, for example, a glass substrate, a silicon substrate, and an organic material substrate. The substrate SB of this embodiment includes, for example, a soda lime glass substrate, but it is not limited thereto.

發光層LEL可對應發光裝置LD的種類包括任何適合的有機材料。本實施例的發光層LEL例如包括第一材料層LE1、第二材料層LE2、第三材料層LE3、第四材料層LE4及第五材料層LE5,其中第一材料層LE1的厚度例如為2600埃(Å),第二材料層LE2的厚度例如為100埃,第三材料層LE3的厚度例如為250埃,第四材料層LE4的厚度例如為350埃,而第五材料層LE5的厚度例如為10埃,但發光層LEL各層厚度不以上述為限。舉例而言,第一材料層LE1可包括電洞注入層材料,第二材料層LE2可包括電洞傳輸層材料,第三材料層LE3可包括有機發光層材料,第四材料層LE4可包括電子傳輸層材料,第五材料層LE5可包括電子注入層材料,然而上述材料層的數量與設置僅為舉例,本創作不以上述為限,例如其中某些層可結合為同一層,或是某些材料層可具有其他功能。根據發光層LEL中所包括的材料的特性,發光裝置LD可發射任何顏色的光線,例如紅光、綠光或藍光,但不以此為限。The light-emitting layer LEL may include any suitable organic material corresponding to the type of the light-emitting device LD. The light-emitting layer LEL of this embodiment includes, for example, a first material layer LE1, a second material layer LE2, a third material layer LE3, a fourth material layer LE4, and a fifth material layer LE5. The thickness of the first material layer LE1 is, for example, 2600. The thickness of the second material layer LE2 is, for example, 100 angstroms, the thickness of the third material layer LE3 is, for example, 250 angstroms, the thickness of the fourth material layer LE4 is, for example, 350 angstroms, and the thickness of the fifth material layer LE5 is, for example, It is 10 angstroms, but the thickness of each layer of the light-emitting layer LEL is not limited to the above. For example, the first material layer LE1 may include a hole injection layer material, the second material layer LE2 may include a hole transport layer material, the third material layer LE3 may include an organic light emitting layer material, and the fourth material layer LE4 may include electrons. The material of the transport layer, the fifth material layer LE5 may include the electron injection layer material. However, the number and arrangement of the above-mentioned material layers are only examples. These material layers can have other functions. According to the characteristics of the materials included in the light-emitting layer LEL, the light-emitting device LD can emit light of any color, such as red light, green light or blue light, but not limited to this.

根據本實施例,發光裝置LD中的第一電極E1和第二電極E2的其中一者可為發光裝置LD的陽極,而另外一者可為發光裝置LD的陰極。舉例來說,本實施例中第一電極E1可例如為發光裝置LD的陽極,而第二電極E2可例如為發光裝置LD的陰極,但不以此為限。本實施例發光裝置LD的第一電極E1可包括透明導電材料,例如氧化銦錫(indium tin oxide,ITO)、氧化銦鋅(indium zinc oxide,IZO)、其他適合的透明導電材料或上述材料的組合,但不以此為限。在此設計下,發光裝置LD所產生的光線可朝下側發光,例如發光裝置LD的下側或是基底SB的下表面可以為發光面或顯示面。在另一些實施例中,第一電極E1可包括不透明導電材料。詳細來說,本創作的發光裝置LD可應用於單面透光的顯示裝置或雙面透光(穿透式)的顯示裝置,而第一電極E1和第二電極E2的材料可依據發光裝置LD所應用到的顯示裝置的類型而決定。舉例來說,當發光裝置LD應用於單面透光的顯示裝置時,第一電極E1或第二電極E2的其中一者可為不透光的電極,而另外一者可為透光的電極;當發光裝置LD應用於雙面透光的顯示裝置時,第一電極E1和第二電極E2可皆為透光的電極,但不以此為限。According to this embodiment, one of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 in the light emitting device LD may be the anode of the light emitting device LD, and the other may be the cathode of the light emitting device LD. For example, in this embodiment, the first electrode E1 may be, for example, the anode of the light emitting device LD, and the second electrode E2 may be, for example, the cathode of the light emitting device LD, but it is not limited thereto. The first electrode E1 of the light-emitting device LD of this embodiment may include a transparent conductive material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), other suitable transparent conductive materials, or those of the foregoing materials. Combination, but not limited to this. Under this design, the light generated by the light emitting device LD can emit light toward the lower side. For example, the lower side of the light emitting device LD or the lower surface of the substrate SB can be a light emitting surface or a display surface. In other embodiments, the first electrode E1 may include an opaque conductive material. In detail, the light-emitting device LD of this invention can be applied to a single-sided light-transmitting display device or a double-sided light-transmitting (transmissive) display device, and the materials of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 can be based on the light-emitting device It is determined by the type of display device to which LD is applied. For example, when the light-emitting device LD is applied to a single-sided light-transmitting display device, one of the first electrode E1 or the second electrode E2 may be an opaque electrode, and the other may be a light-transmitting electrode When the light-emitting device LD is applied to a double-sided light-transmitting display device, the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 can both be light-transmitting electrodes, but it is not limited to this.

根據本創作,發光裝置LD的第二電極E2可由複數個導電層組CP堆疊所形成,其中各導電層組CP可分別包括至少兩層不同材料的導電層。換言之,本創作的第二電極E2可由至少兩層不同材料的導電層交替堆疊所形成。舉例來說,如圖1所示,本實施例的第二電極E2可包括兩個導電層組CP,而各導電層組CP分別包括第一導電層C1和設置在第一導電層C1上的第二導電層C2,亦即第二電極E2可包括由第一導電層C1和第二導電層C2交替堆疊所形成的結構,但不以此為限。須注意的是,圖1中第二電極E2包括的導電層組CP的數量以及每一個導電層組CP中包括的導電層的數量僅為示例性的,本創作並不以此為限。在一些實施例中,第二電極E2可由多於兩個導電層組CP堆疊形成,或每一個導電層組CP中可包括多於兩層導電層。例如,在一些實施例中,一個導電層組CP可包括兩個第一導電層C1和一個第二導電層C2,或者數量相反,且本創作不以上述為限。According to the present creation, the second electrode E2 of the light-emitting device LD may be formed by stacking a plurality of conductive layer groups CP, wherein each conductive layer group CP may respectively include at least two conductive layers of different materials. In other words, the second electrode E2 of the present invention can be formed by alternately stacking at least two conductive layers of different materials. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the second electrode E2 of this embodiment may include two conductive layer groups CP, and each conductive layer group CP includes a first conductive layer C1 and a conductive layer disposed on the first conductive layer C1. The second conductive layer C2, that is, the second electrode E2 may include a structure formed by alternately stacking the first conductive layer C1 and the second conductive layer C2, but it is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the number of conductive layer groups CP included in the second electrode E2 and the number of conductive layers included in each conductive layer group CP in FIG. 1 are only exemplary, and the present creation is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the second electrode E2 may be formed by stacking more than two conductive layer groups CP, or each conductive layer group CP may include more than two conductive layers. For example, in some embodiments, one conductive layer group CP may include two first conductive layers C1 and one second conductive layer C2, or the number is opposite, and the present invention is not limited to the above.

根據本創作,導電層組CP中的第一導電層C1的材料與第二導電層C2的材料不同或不完全相同,其中第一導電層C1的材料和第二導電層C2的材料可包括金屬材料,分別選自鎂、銀、鋁、鐿、鈣、鉻、鐵、鈷、鎳、銅、鉬、釕、銦、鎢、錫、鋅。或者,第一導電層C1的材料和第二導電層C2的材料亦可選自上述金屬材料的合金。在一些實施例中,第一導電層C1的材料和第二導電層C2的材料的其中一者可選自鉬、釕、銦、鎢、錫、鋅的氧化物或鉬、釕、銦、鎢、錫或鋅的合金的氧化物,而另一者可選自上述的金屬材料或金屬材料的合金。須注意的是,上述關於第一導電層C1和第二導電層C2的材料敘述僅為示例性的,本創作不以此為限。第二電極E2的導電層組CP中的導電層可依據發光裝置LD的實際產品需求而具有任何適合的導電材料。According to this creation, the material of the first conductive layer C1 and the material of the second conductive layer C2 in the conductive layer group CP are different or not completely the same, wherein the material of the first conductive layer C1 and the material of the second conductive layer C2 may include metal The materials are selected from magnesium, silver, aluminum, ytterbium, calcium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, molybdenum, ruthenium, indium, tungsten, tin, and zinc. Alternatively, the material of the first conductive layer C1 and the material of the second conductive layer C2 can also be selected from alloys of the above-mentioned metal materials. In some embodiments, one of the material of the first conductive layer C1 and the material of the second conductive layer C2 may be selected from molybdenum, ruthenium, indium, tungsten, tin, zinc oxide or molybdenum, ruthenium, indium, tungsten , Tin or zinc alloy oxide, and the other can be selected from the above-mentioned metal materials or alloys of metal materials. It should be noted that the foregoing description of the material for the first conductive layer C1 and the second conductive layer C2 is only exemplary, and the present creation is not limited thereto. The conductive layer in the conductive layer group CP of the second electrode E2 can have any suitable conductive material according to the actual product requirements of the light emitting device LD.

除了上述的膜層外,本實施例的第二電極E2還可包括一輔助層AL,設置在第二電極E2相反於發光層LEL的一側,或是說相對於發光層LEL設置在由複數個導電層組CP堆疊所形成的結構的一側,也可以說位在第二電極E2的外側。根據本實施例,輔助層AL可包括任何適合的氧化物、氮化物、氮氧化物或有機化合物,但不以此為限。由於本實施例中第二電極E2可包括輔助層AL,因此可提供發光裝置LD電荷穩定的效果,改善發光裝置LD的光學性質,同時能提供阻隔水氧的功能。In addition to the above-mentioned film layers, the second electrode E2 of this embodiment may also include an auxiliary layer AL, which is arranged on the side of the second electrode E2 opposite to the light-emitting layer LEL, or is arranged on the opposite side of the light-emitting layer LEL. One side of the structure formed by stacking the conductive layer groups CP can also be said to be located outside the second electrode E2. According to this embodiment, the auxiliary layer AL may include any suitable oxide, nitride, oxynitride, or organic compound, but is not limited thereto. Since the second electrode E2 in this embodiment may include the auxiliary layer AL, it can provide the effect of stabilizing the charge of the light-emitting device LD, improve the optical properties of the light-emitting device LD, and provide the function of blocking water and oxygen.

須注意的是,雖然圖1示出的為發光裝置LD的第二電極E2由複數個導電層組CP堆疊形成的結構,但本創作並不以此為限。在一些實施例中,由複數個導電層組CP堆疊所形成的電極結構可應用於第一電極E1而非第二電極E2,或者第一電極E1和第二電極E2可皆由複數個導電層組CP堆疊所形成,其中第一電極E1中的導電層組CP中的導電層的材料可與第二電極E2中的導電層組CP中的導電層的材料相同或不同。此外,本創作的發光裝置LD所包括的元件和/或膜層並不以圖1所示的結構為限,還可包括其他適合的元件和/或膜層。It should be noted that although FIG. 1 shows a structure in which the second electrode E2 of the light-emitting device LD is formed by stacking a plurality of conductive layer groups CP, the present creation is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the electrode structure formed by stacking a plurality of conductive layer groups CP may be applied to the first electrode E1 instead of the second electrode E2, or the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 may both be composed of a plurality of conductive layers The group CP is stacked, wherein the material of the conductive layer in the conductive layer group CP in the first electrode E1 may be the same as or different from the material of the conductive layer in the conductive layer group CP in the second electrode E2. In addition, the elements and/or film layers included in the light-emitting device LD of the present creation are not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 1, and may also include other suitable elements and/or film layers.

根據本創作,第二電極E2的透光率會受到第一導電層C1和第二導電層C2的厚度或材料影響,因此可藉由控制導電層的厚度,使得第二電極E2的透光率在特定範圍內。例如,在本創作中,當第一導電層C1的材料為鐿(Yb),而第二導電層C2的材料為銀(Ag)或鎂(Mg)時,第一導電層C1的厚度T1的範圍可為1埃到2000埃,例如從30埃到300埃,而第二導電層C2的厚度T2的範圍可為1埃(Å)到1000埃,例如從5埃到200埃,但不以此為限。根據本實施例,藉由調整厚度T1和厚度T2,可使第二電極E2具高透光率。詳細來說,本實施例的第一導電層C1可包括鐿,第二導電層C2可包括銀,其中第一導電層C1的厚度T1可為100埃,而第二導電層C2的厚度T2可為20埃。在此情形下,第二電極E2對波長為550奈米(nm)的光線的透光率可達約69.1%,其中上述透光率是指從輔助層AL側量測出的光線穿透度。相對的,由基底SB側所量測的光線穿透度為69.0%,亦即包括透明導電材料的第一電極E1的透光率與第二電極E2大致相同。此外,如圖2所示,圖2示出了本實施例(第一實施例)的第二電極E2對不同波長光線的透光率。從圖2可以看出本實施例的第二電極E2在可見光區中(例如390nm到780nm)可具有大於60%的透光率。簡言之,本創作可利用第一導電層C1的高透光性與第二導電層C2的低阻值特性,使其互相堆疊而形成具有高透光率與良好導電性的電極結構。According to this creation, the light transmittance of the second electrode E2 is affected by the thickness or material of the first conductive layer C1 and the second conductive layer C2. Therefore, the thickness of the conductive layer can be controlled to make the light transmittance of the second electrode E2 Within a specific range. For example, in this creation, when the material of the first conductive layer C1 is ytterbium (Yb) and the material of the second conductive layer C2 is silver (Ag) or magnesium (Mg), the thickness T1 of the first conductive layer C1 is The range can be 1 angstrom to 2000 angstroms, for example, from 30 angstroms to 300 angstroms, and the thickness T2 of the second conductive layer C2 can range from 1 angstrom (angstroms) to 1000 angstroms, for example, from 5 angstroms to 200 angstroms, but not less than This is limited. According to this embodiment, by adjusting the thickness T1 and the thickness T2, the second electrode E2 can have a high light transmittance. In detail, the first conductive layer C1 of this embodiment may include ytterbium, and the second conductive layer C2 may include silver. The thickness T1 of the first conductive layer C1 may be 100 angstroms, and the thickness T2 of the second conductive layer C2 may be It is 20 angstroms. In this case, the light transmittance of the second electrode E2 to light with a wavelength of 550 nanometers (nm) can reach about 69.1%, where the above light transmittance refers to the light transmittance measured from the side of the auxiliary layer AL . In contrast, the light transmittance measured from the side of the substrate SB is 69.0%, that is, the light transmittance of the first electrode E1 including the transparent conductive material is approximately the same as that of the second electrode E2. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 shows the light transmittance of the second electrode E2 of this embodiment (first embodiment) to light of different wavelengths. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the second electrode E2 of this embodiment may have a light transmittance greater than 60% in the visible light region (for example, 390 nm to 780 nm). In short, the present invention can make use of the high light transmittance of the first conductive layer C1 and the low resistance characteristics of the second conductive layer C2 to be stacked on each other to form an electrode structure with high light transmittance and good conductivity.

如上文所述,本創作的發光裝置LD的電極可包括由多個導電層組CP堆疊形成的結構,其中導電層組CP中的第一導電層C1和第二導電層C2可根據發光裝置LD的設計需求包括任何適合的導電材料。如此一來,在發光裝置LD的電極包括多於一種導電材料的情形下,本創作的發光裝置LD的電極製程對於共蒸鍍製程的需求可降低,進而改善發光裝置LD的製程彈性。此外,導電層的緻密性與均勻性問題可被有效改善。詳細來說,當欲形成的發光裝置LD的電極中包括不易使用共蒸鍍製程的材料時,可藉由本創作的電極結構設計與形成方法形成包括該些材料的多導電層電極,或者,當藉由共蒸鍍製程形成電極的生產成本較高時,可藉由本創作的結構設計形成發光裝置LD具多種導電材料的電極,進而降低生產成本。換句話說,本創作的電極形成方法相較於傳統的方法可更廣泛地應用到各種電極材料,藉此改善製程彈性。此外,根據本創作,由於發光裝置LD的電極包括多個堆疊的導電層組CP,使得第一導電層C1的材料和第二導電層C2的材料互相堆疊,可形成類似於共蒸鍍第一導電層C1與第二導電層C2的材料的效果。也就是說,本創作的電極製程可在降低對於共蒸鍍製程的需求下達到類似於共蒸鍍的效果。再者,由於發光裝置LD中包括複數個導電層組CP的第二電極E2可藉由導電層組CP的導電層的材料或厚度設計而具有良好的光穿透率,因此發光裝置LD上側(即第二電極E2側)發光的效果可獲得提升,當發光裝置LD應用於顯示裝置時,其第二電極E2側的顯示效果可獲得提升。As described above, the electrode of the light-emitting device LD of the present creation may include a structure formed by stacking a plurality of conductive layer groups CP, wherein the first conductive layer C1 and the second conductive layer C2 in the conductive layer group CP may be according to the light-emitting device LD The design requirements include any suitable conductive material. In this way, when the electrode of the light-emitting device LD includes more than one conductive material, the electrode manufacturing process of the light-emitting device LD of the present invention requires a co-evaporation process to be reduced, thereby improving the manufacturing flexibility of the light-emitting device LD. In addition, the density and uniformity of the conductive layer can be effectively improved. In detail, when the electrode of the light-emitting device LD to be formed includes materials that are not easy to use the co-evaporation process, the electrode structure design and formation method of this invention can be used to form a multi-conductive layer electrode including these materials, or when When the production cost of electrodes formed by the co-evaporation process is relatively high, the light-emitting device LD can be formed with electrodes of various conductive materials through the structural design of the present invention, thereby reducing the production cost. In other words, the electrode forming method of the present invention can be more widely applied to various electrode materials than traditional methods, thereby improving process flexibility. In addition, according to the present creation, since the electrode of the light-emitting device LD includes a plurality of stacked conductive layer groups CP, so that the material of the first conductive layer C1 and the material of the second conductive layer C2 are stacked on each other, it can be formed similar to the co-evaporated first The effect of the materials of the conductive layer C1 and the second conductive layer C2. In other words, the electrode manufacturing process of the present invention can achieve an effect similar to the co-evaporation process while reducing the demand for the co-evaporation process. Furthermore, since the second electrode E2 including a plurality of conductive layer groups CP in the light-emitting device LD can have good light transmittance by designing the material or thickness of the conductive layer of the conductive layer group CP, the upper side of the light-emitting device LD ( That is, the light-emitting effect of the second electrode E2 side can be improved, and when the light-emitting device LD is applied to a display device, the display effect of the second electrode E2 side thereof can be improved.

下文將詳述本創作其他實施例的內容,其中為了簡化圖式,下述實施例中相同的元件或膜層將以相同標號標註,且相同的特徵不再贅述。The content of other embodiments of the present creation will be described in detail below. In order to simplify the drawings, the same elements or film layers in the following embodiments will be marked with the same reference numerals, and the same features will not be repeated.

請參考圖2和下表1,表1示出了本創作一些實施例與比較例的第二電極E2中各導電層的厚度數值以及其透光率,而圖2為本創作不同實施例與比較例(表1中的第一實施例、第二實施例、第五實施例和第二比較例)的發光裝置中光波長與透光率的關係圖。在表1的各實施例與比較例中,第一導電層C1的材料例如為鐿,而第二導電層C2的材料例如為銀,但本創作不以此為限。此外,在測量表1中各實施例與比較例的第二電極E2的透光率時,基底SB上可僅設置第二電極E2中由導電層組CP堆疊形成的結構(即圖1中交替的第一導電層C1和第二導電層C2),而其他的元件或膜層(例如第一電極E1、發光層LEL等)可被省略,其中基底SB可為玻璃,例如鈉鈣玻璃,但不以此為限。 表1各導電層的厚度及堆疊結構透光率 厚度(Å) 第一導電層C1(Yb) 第二導電層C2(Ag) 第一導電層C1(Yb) 第二導電層C2(Ag) 第一導電層C1(Yb) 第二導電層C2(Ag) 透光率 (對550nm波長光線) 第一實施例 100 20 100 20     69.1% 第二實施例 100 5 100 5 - - 87.9% 第三實施例 100 10 100 10 - - 80.4% 第四實施例 30 10 30 10 30 10 67.0% 第五實施例 100 25 100 25 - - 59.8% 第一比較例 100 50 100 50 - - 38.5% 第二比較例 100 100 100 100 - - 36.1% 第三比較例 30 200 30 200 - - 20.5% Please refer to Figure 2 and Table 1 below. Table 1 shows the thickness values and light transmittance of each conductive layer in the second electrode E2 of some embodiments and comparative examples of the invention. The relationship between the light wavelength and the light transmittance in the light-emitting devices of the comparative examples (the first example, the second example, the fifth example, and the second comparative example in Table 1). In the embodiments and comparative examples in Table 1, the material of the first conductive layer C1 is, for example, ytterbium, and the material of the second conductive layer C2 is, for example, silver, but the present creation is not limited to this. In addition, when measuring the light transmittance of the second electrode E2 of each embodiment and the comparative example in Table 1, only the structure formed by stacking the conductive layer groups CP in the second electrode E2 may be provided on the substrate SB (that is, alternately in FIG. 1 The first conductive layer C1 and the second conductive layer C2), and other elements or film layers (such as the first electrode E1, the light-emitting layer LEL, etc.) can be omitted, and the substrate SB can be glass, such as soda lime glass, but Not limited to this. Table 1 The thickness of each conductive layer and the light transmittance of the stacked structure Thickness (Å) The first conductive layer C1 (Yb) Second conductive layer C2 (Ag) The first conductive layer C1 (Yb) Second conductive layer C2 (Ag) The first conductive layer C1 (Yb) Second conductive layer C2 (Ag) Light transmittance (for 550nm wavelength light) The first embodiment 100 20 100 20 69.1% Second embodiment 100 5 100 5 - - 87.9% The third embodiment 100 10 100 10 - - 80.4% Fourth embodiment 30 10 30 10 30 10 67.0% Fifth embodiment 100 25 100 25 - - 59.8% First comparative example 100 50 100 50 - - 38.5% Second comparative example 100 100 100 100 - - 36.1% The third comparative example 30 200 30 200 - - 20.5%

舉例來說,在第二實施例中,第二電極E2包括兩個導電層組CP,每一個導電層組CP包括第一導電層C1(鐿)和第二導電層C2(銀),其中第一導電層C1的厚度T1為100埃,第二導電層C2的厚度T2為5埃,而第二電極E2對波長為550奈米的光線的透光率可達87.9%。其餘實施例可依同樣方式解讀,故不再贅述。根據表1和圖2內容所示,第二導電層C2的厚度T2與第二電極E2的透光率大致呈反向相關。由於第一導電層C1包括透光率較大的鐿,而第二導電層C2包括透光率較小的銀,當第二導電層C2的厚度T2增加時,會導致第二電極E2的透光率下降。因此,在一些實施例中,第一導電層C1的厚度T1可設計為大於第二導電層C2的厚度T2,藉此提升第二電極E2的透光率。舉例來說,如表1的第二實施例到第五實施例所示,包括鐿的第一導電層C1的厚度T1可大於包括銀的第二導電層C2的厚度T2,藉此提升第二電極E2的透光率,但不以此為限。根據本創作的結構設計,根據本創作,導電層組CP中銀層或鎂層的厚度較佳不超過25埃,或是較佳不超過20埃。由表1與圖2可知,在上述厚度T1與厚度T2下,堆疊結構對波長550nm的光線的透光率可以大於等於59.8%,或是說大於等於約60%。更佳的,在厚度T2(即含金屬銀層)不超過20埃的設計下,堆疊結構對波長550nm的光線的透光率可以超過65%。在一些實施例中,第一導電層C1可包括透光率較大的鐿,而第二導電層C2可包括透光率較小的鎂,其中第一導電層C1的厚度T1可大於第二導電層C2的厚度T2。相對的,由第一比較例到第三比較例可知,包含金屬銀的第二導電層C2的厚度越大,則第二電極E2的透光率就越低。For example, in the second embodiment, the second electrode E2 includes two conductive layer groups CP, and each conductive layer group CP includes a first conductive layer C1 (ytterbium) and a second conductive layer C2 (silver). The thickness T1 of a conductive layer C1 is 100 angstroms, the thickness T2 of the second conductive layer C2 is 5 angstroms, and the light transmittance of the second electrode E2 to light with a wavelength of 550 nm can reach 87.9%. The other embodiments can be interpreted in the same way, so they will not be described in detail. As shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2, the thickness T2 of the second conductive layer C2 and the light transmittance of the second electrode E2 are roughly inversely correlated. Since the first conductive layer C1 includes ytterbium with a higher light transmittance, and the second conductive layer C2 includes silver with a lower light transmittance, when the thickness T2 of the second conductive layer C2 increases, the second electrode E2 will be transparent. The light rate drops. Therefore, in some embodiments, the thickness T1 of the first conductive layer C1 can be designed to be greater than the thickness T2 of the second conductive layer C2, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the second electrode E2. For example, as shown in the second embodiment to the fifth embodiment in Table 1, the thickness T1 of the first conductive layer C1 including ytterbium may be greater than the thickness T2 of the second conductive layer C2 including silver, thereby increasing the second The light transmittance of the electrode E2, but not limited to this. According to the structural design of the present creation, according to the present creation, the thickness of the silver layer or the magnesium layer in the conductive layer group CP is preferably no more than 25 angstroms, or preferably no more than 20 angstroms. It can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 2 that under the above-mentioned thickness T1 and thickness T2, the light transmittance of the stacked structure to light with a wavelength of 550 nm may be greater than or equal to 59.8%, or greater than or equal to about 60%. More preferably, under a design where the thickness T2 (ie, the metallic silver layer) does not exceed 20 angstroms, the light transmittance of the stacked structure to light with a wavelength of 550 nm can exceed 65%. In some embodiments, the first conductive layer C1 may include ytterbium with a higher light transmittance, and the second conductive layer C2 may include magnesium with a lower light transmittance, wherein the thickness T1 of the first conductive layer C1 may be greater than that of the second conductive layer C1. The thickness T2 of the conductive layer C2. In contrast, from the first comparative example to the third comparative example, the greater the thickness of the second conductive layer C2 containing metallic silver, the lower the light transmittance of the second electrode E2.

請參考圖3,圖3為本創作一示範例的發光裝置的剖視示意圖,其中發光層LEL在圖3中僅以一層作為示意,其實際所包含的材料層配置與厚度可參考第一實施例,後續其他實施例亦同,不再贅述。如圖3所示,發光裝置LD的第二電極E2可包括由三個導電層組CP堆疊形成的結構,而各導電層組CP可包括第一導電層C1和第二導電層C2,但不以此為限。本示範例的第一導電層C1和第二導電層C2的材料、厚度可例如參考表1的第四實施例的內容,但不限於此。即,本示範例的第一導電層C1可例如包括鐿,第二導電層C2可例如包括銀,第一導電層C1的厚度T1可為30埃,而第一導電層C2的厚度T2可為10埃。在此情形下,第二電極E2的透光率可達67.0%。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to an example of creation. In FIG. 3, the light-emitting layer LEL is shown as a single layer. For example, other subsequent embodiments are also the same, and will not be repeated here. As shown in FIG. 3, the second electrode E2 of the light emitting device LD may include a structure formed by stacking three conductive layer groups CP, and each conductive layer group CP may include a first conductive layer C1 and a second conductive layer C2, but not Limited by this. The materials and thicknesses of the first conductive layer C1 and the second conductive layer C2 of this exemplary embodiment may refer to the content of the fourth embodiment in Table 1, but are not limited thereto. That is, the first conductive layer C1 of the present exemplary embodiment may include ytterbium, the second conductive layer C2 may include silver, the thickness T1 of the first conductive layer C1 may be 30 angstroms, and the thickness T2 of the first conductive layer C2 may be 10 angstroms. In this case, the light transmittance of the second electrode E2 can reach 67.0%.

請參考圖4,圖4為本創作一示範例的發光裝置的剖視示意圖。根據本示範例,導電層組CP中的第二導電層C2可例如為不連續的,或是說可具有島狀結構,但不以此為限。舉例來說,當發光裝置LD的導電層組CP的第二導電層C2例如為銀,且第二導電層C2的厚度T2(或是說銀的厚度)小於140埃時,第二導電層C2可因銀的特性或具有較薄的厚度(例如少於25埃)而呈現島狀結構,並可包括至少一凹槽RE。由於本示範例的第二導電層C2可包括凹槽RE,因此第二電極E2的輔助層AL可填入與其相鄰的第二導電層C2的凹槽RE中,而輔助層AL可同時提供平坦層功能,仍具有較為平坦的上表面,但不以此為限。需注意的是,雖然圖4中僅示出了鄰近輔助層AL的第二導電層C2包括凹槽RE的特徵,但僅為示例性的,在變化結構中,發光裝置LD中的第二導電層C2可皆具有島狀結構,並包括凹槽RE。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to an example of creation. According to this exemplary embodiment, the second conductive layer C2 in the conductive layer group CP may be discontinuous, or may have an island-like structure, but it is not limited thereto. For example, when the second conductive layer C2 of the conductive layer group CP of the light emitting device LD is silver, and the thickness T2 (or the thickness of silver) of the second conductive layer C2 is less than 140 angstroms, the second conductive layer C2 It may exhibit an island-like structure due to the characteristics of silver or a relatively thin thickness (for example, less than 25 angstroms), and may include at least one groove RE. Since the second conductive layer C2 of this exemplary embodiment may include the groove RE, the auxiliary layer AL of the second electrode E2 may be filled in the groove RE of the second conductive layer C2 adjacent thereto, and the auxiliary layer AL may be provided at the same time The function of the flat layer still has a relatively flat upper surface, but it is not limited to this. It should be noted that although FIG. 4 only shows the feature that the second conductive layer C2 adjacent to the auxiliary layer AL includes the groove RE, it is only exemplary. In the modified structure, the second conductive layer in the light emitting device LD The layer C2 may all have an island structure and include grooves RE.

請參考圖5,圖5為本創作一實施例的發光裝置的剖視示意圖。根據本實施例,如圖5所示,發光裝置LD的第二電極E2可包括由兩個導電層組CP堆疊形成的結構,其中各導電層組CP包括第一導電層C1、第二導電層C2和第三導電層C3,但不以此為限。在變化實施例中,發光裝置LD可包括多於兩個導電層組CP。在另一變化實施例中,每一個導電層組CP可包括多於三層的導電層。根據本實施例,如圖5所示,導電層組CP的第一導電層C1、第二導電層C2和第三導電層C3可依序堆疊述置,其中第一導電層C1、第二導電層C2和第三導電層C3的材料可彼此不相同,但不以此為限。第三導電層C3的材料選擇和厚度可參考上文關於第一導電層C1和第二導電層C2的敘述,故不再贅述。Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the creation. According to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the second electrode E2 of the light emitting device LD may include a structure formed by stacking two conductive layer groups CP, wherein each conductive layer group CP includes a first conductive layer C1 and a second conductive layer. C2 and the third conductive layer C3, but not limited to this. In a variant embodiment, the light emitting device LD may include more than two conductive layer groups CP. In another modified embodiment, each conductive layer group CP may include more than three conductive layers. According to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the first conductive layer C1, the second conductive layer C2, and the third conductive layer C3 of the conductive layer group CP can be stacked in sequence, wherein the first conductive layer C1, the second conductive layer The materials of the layer C2 and the third conductive layer C3 may be different from each other, but are not limited thereto. For the material selection and thickness of the third conductive layer C3, please refer to the description of the first conductive layer C1 and the second conductive layer C2 above, so the details will not be repeated.

綜上所述,本創作提供了一種發光裝置,其中發光裝置的電極可包括由多個導電層組堆疊形成的結構,各導電層組包括至少兩層不同材料的導電層,使得電極具有兩層以上交替堆疊設置的導電層。藉由不同材料導電層的堆疊可以提高材料層的選擇彈性,例如依照導電層的透光性、阻值、導電性、黏著性及製程特性來設計堆疊方式。不同材料的導電層可分別交替利用對應的製程所形成,而不需使用製程條件較嚴苛的共蒸鍍製程。藉由控制在特定厚度範圍的多層不同材料層的堆疊,可以達到類似將這些材料共蒸鍍為一層的效果,因此本創作的發光裝置的電極製程可降低對於共蒸鍍製程的需求,進而改善發光裝置的製程彈性。此外,本創作中包括複數個導電層組的電極可具有良好的光穿透率,藉此提升顯示裝置的顯示效果。In summary, this creation provides a light-emitting device, wherein the electrode of the light-emitting device may include a structure formed by stacking a plurality of conductive layer groups, and each conductive layer group includes at least two conductive layers of different materials, so that the electrode has two layers. The above conductive layers are alternately stacked. The stacking of conductive layers of different materials can improve the selection flexibility of the material layers. For example, the stacking method can be designed according to the light transmittance, resistance, conductivity, adhesion, and process characteristics of the conductive layer. Conductive layers of different materials can be alternately formed by corresponding processes, instead of using a co-evaporation process with stricter process conditions. By controlling the stacking of multiple layers of different materials within a specific thickness range, it is possible to achieve an effect similar to co-evaporating these materials into one layer. Therefore, the electrode manufacturing process of the light-emitting device created by this invention can reduce the demand for the co-evaporation process, thereby improving The manufacturing process flexibility of the light-emitting device. In addition, the electrodes including a plurality of conductive layer groups in this creation can have good light transmittance, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.

AL:輔助層 C1:第一導電層 C2:第二導電層 C3:第三導電層 CP:導電層組 E1:第一電極 E2:第二電極 LD:發光裝置 LEL:發光層 LE1:第一材料層 LE2:第二材料層 LE3:第三材料層 LE4:第四材料層 LE5:第五材料層 RE:凹槽 SB:基底 T1,T2:厚度AL: auxiliary layer C1: The first conductive layer C2: second conductive layer C3: third conductive layer CP: Conductive layer group E1: first electrode E2: second electrode LD: Light-emitting device LEL: luminescent layer LE1: The first material layer LE2: The second material layer LE3: The third material layer LE4: The fourth material layer LE5: fifth material layer RE: groove SB: Base T1, T2: thickness

圖1為本創作第一實施例的發光裝置的剖視示意圖。 圖2為本創作不同實施例的發光裝置中光波長與透光率的關係圖。 圖3為本創作一實施例的發光裝置的剖視示意圖。 圖4為本創作一實施例的發光裝置的剖視示意圖。 圖5為本創作一實施例的發光裝置的剖視示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device according to the first embodiment of the creation. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between light wavelength and light transmittance in light-emitting devices according to different embodiments. Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the invention. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the invention.

AL:輔助層 AL: auxiliary layer

C1:第一導電層 C1: The first conductive layer

C2:第二導電層 C2: second conductive layer

CP:導電層組 CP: Conductive layer group

E1:第一電極 E1: first electrode

E2:第二電極 E2: second electrode

LD:發光裝置 LD: Light-emitting device

LEL:發光層 LEL: luminescent layer

LE1:第一材料層 LE1: The first material layer

LE2:第二材料層 LE2: The second material layer

LE3:第三材料層 LE3: The third material layer

LE4:第四材料層 LE4: The fourth material layer

LE5:第五材料層 LE5: fifth material layer

SB:基底 SB: Base

T1,T2:厚度 T1, T2: thickness

Claims (11)

一種發光裝置,包括: 一基底; 一第一電極,設置在該基底上; 一第二電極,相對於該第一電極設置;以及 一發光層,設置在該第一電極與該第二電極之間; 其中,該第二電極係由複數個導電層組堆疊組成,各該導電層組分別包括堆疊設置的一第一導電層和一第二導電層,且該第一導電層的材料不同於該第二導電層的材料。 A light emitting device includes: A base A first electrode arranged on the substrate; A second electrode arranged relative to the first electrode; and A light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; Wherein, the second electrode is composed of a plurality of stacked conductive layer groups, each of the conductive layer groups includes a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer that are stacked, and the material of the first conductive layer is different from the first conductive layer. The material of the second conductive layer. 如請求項1所述的發光裝置,其中該些第一導電層和該些第二導電層分別包括鎂、銀、鋁、鐿、鈣、鉻、鐵、鈷、鎳、銅、鉬、釕、銦、鎢、錫、鋅或上述材料的合金。The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first conductive layers and the second conductive layers respectively comprise magnesium, silver, aluminum, ytterbium, calcium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, molybdenum, ruthenium, Indium, tungsten, tin, zinc or alloys of the above materials. 如請求項1所述的發光裝置,其中該些第一導電層和該些第二導電層的其中一者包括鉬、釕、銦、鎢、錫、鋅的氧化物或鉬、釕、銦、鎢、錫或鋅的合金的氧化物。The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein one of the first conductive layers and the second conductive layers includes molybdenum, ruthenium, indium, tungsten, tin, zinc oxide or molybdenum, ruthenium, indium, Oxides of alloys of tungsten, tin, or zinc. 如請求項1所述的發光裝置,其中該第一電極包括透明導電材料。The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode includes a transparent conductive material. 如請求項1所述的發光裝置,其中該些第二導電層為不連續的。The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the second conductive layers are discontinuous. 如請求項1所述的發光裝置,其中該第二電極還包括一輔助層,設置在該第二電極相反於該發光層的一側。The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the second electrode further includes an auxiliary layer disposed on a side of the second electrode opposite to the light-emitting layer. 如請求項6所述的發光裝置,其中該輔助層包括氧化物、氮化物、氮氧化物或有機化合物。The light-emitting device according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary layer includes an oxide, a nitride, an oxynitride, or an organic compound. 如請求項6所述的發光裝置,其中該些第二導電層為不連續的且分別包括至少一凹槽,而該輔助層填入與其相鄰的該第二導電層的該凹槽中。The light-emitting device according to claim 6, wherein the second conductive layers are discontinuous and each include at least one groove, and the auxiliary layer is filled in the groove of the second conductive layer adjacent thereto. 如請求項1所述的發光裝置,其中該第一導電層包括鐿,該第二導電層包括銀或鎂,而該第一導電層的厚度大於該第二導電層的厚度。The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first conductive layer includes ytterbium, the second conductive layer includes silver or magnesium, and the thickness of the first conductive layer is greater than the thickness of the second conductive layer. 如請求項1所述的發光裝置,其中各該導電層組分別還包括一第三導電層,該第一導電層、該第二導電層和該第三導電層依序堆疊設置,且該第三導電層的材料不同於該第一導電層的材料和該第二導電層的材料。The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein each of the conductive layer groups further includes a third conductive layer, the first conductive layer, the second conductive layer, and the third conductive layer are stacked in sequence, and the first conductive layer The material of the three conductive layers is different from the material of the first conductive layer and the material of the second conductive layer. 如請求項1所述的發光裝置,其中該發光裝置為一有機發光二極體,且該發光層包括有機發光材料。The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting device is an organic light-emitting diode, and the light-emitting layer includes an organic light-emitting material.
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