TWM602188U - Closed tube design sampling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A closed-tube design sampling tool that connects two or more multi-axis rotary joints between two flanges through multiple rods with graduations; the flange has two sets of coupling holes with different diameters; The multi-axis rotary joint has two joints connected by rotation. One of the two joints has a center hole and a set of graduations around the opening of the center hole, and the other joint has a recess and a set of graduations around the opening of the recess; the two rods respectively pass through Through the flange, directly or indirectly connect the multi-axis rotary joint with a joint with a center hole; the other rod is telescopic, and its two ends are connected to two multi-axis rotary joints with recessed joints; according to the limitation of the space around the pipeline , Design the angle and length of the center line of a single closed tube on the spot, measure and obtain the required data.

Description

Closed tube design sampling tool

This creation relates to the field of pipeline connection, especially a design sampling tool. According to the limitation of the space around the pipeline, the angle and length of the center line of a single closed tube are designed on the spot, and the required data is measured and obtained.

The pipeline is a kind of transmission system, which is arranged in a certain space for conveying fluid or other purposes. The piping system described has multiple sections of pipes, connecting two adjacent and separated pipes to maintain unobstructed pipe (assembly). This pipe (assembly) is the so-called "closed pipe" in this creation.

Accumulation of construction errors, manufacturing deformation or other reasons, the center lines of the two separated pipelines are not in line. A closed pipe must be used to eliminate the difference in spatial orientation and connect two adjacent and separated pipeline ends to allow the pipeline The system remains unblocked.

Figure 10 is a three-dimensional view, showing the current collection of closed tube data, using the "on-site mold-taking method" to complete.

Generally, the "on-site mold taking" is to pick up two flanges 94 with straight pipe 91 in the assembly plant or repair shop. Each flange 94 is merged with the flange 94 at the end of the pipe 96 to be a set of fasteners 95. Together, they form a flange connection structure 93. Then, more than one connecting member 92 is welded between the two straight pipes 91 to form a simulated closed pipe 90.

After the flange connection structure 93 is disassembled, the simulated closed tube 90 is manually removed, and after a set of equipment to measure the distance and angle, the data required for the construction of a centerline is obtained, and a closed tube of a certain diameter is made according to the centerline. .

Therefore, the "on-site mold-taking method" is a means of overcoming the difficulties of local steelmaking. The simulated closed pipe 90 produced is classified as a single-use consumable, which is not suitable for other pipeline connections and cannot be reused.

Secondly, the simulated closed pipe 90 is simple and rough, the measurement error is quite large, the measured data is not accurate enough, the planned center line cannot be made into an ideal closed pipe, and the ends of two separated pipes 96 cannot be connected together. It is necessary to re-measure the simulated closed pipe 90 and make multiple closed pipes to complete the connection operation of the two pipes 96. Therefore, the "on-site mold-taking method" not only consumes materials, but also wastes man-hours.

Therefore, how to simplify the design and sampling of the closed tube has become an urgent issue for this creation.

In view of this, this creation provides a closed-tube design sampling tool, the main purpose of which is to use Euler angle measuring tools with a translational mechanical structure, which is not only reused, but also easy to operate in the pipeline site design. The measurement operation is fast, which does not waste time, and can obtain high-precision centerline data to construct a suitable closed tube.

Due to the achievement of the above purpose, the closed tube design sampling tool created by this creation uses multiple rods with graduations to connect two or more multi-axis rotary joints between two flanges to measure Euler (Euler). ) Angle data about α, β, γ triangle and tube length, complete the design sampling operation of closed tube.

From the perspective of the working principle, the Euler angle is defined: "The three XYZ axes of three-dimensional space serve as the reference coordinate system of a rigid body, which can be transferred to the xyz rectangular coordinate system in other directions." As shown in Figure 3, a boundary line N passes through the intersection of two orthogonal coordinate systems. The XY plane turns around the boundary line N to the xy plane, so that the X axis to the boundary line N sandwich the angle α, and the Z axis to z The axis has a β angle, and the x-axis to the boundary line N has a γ angle. Wherein, the α and γ angles are from 0 to 2π radians, and the β angle is from 0 to π radians. Therefore, the α, β, and γ triangles of the Euler angle can be measured by multi-axis rotary joints with scales.

However, if the number of rigid bodies is two or more, these rigid bodies have different origin positions in the coordinate system, and one of the coordinate origins needs to be translated along a coordinate axis during the rotation process. In other words, in addition to three rotational degrees of freedom, more than one translational degrees of freedom must be provided.

Specifically, the flange has two sets of coupling holes with different diameters. The multi-axis rotary joint has two joints connected in rotation, one of the two joints is provided with a center hole and a set of graduations around the opening of the center hole, and the other joint has a recess and a set of graduations around the opening of the recess. Two rods respectively pass through the flange to directly or indirectly connect the joint with the center hole of the multi-axis rotary joint; the other rod is telescopic, and its two ends are respectively connected to the joint with the concave part of the two multi-axis rotary joint.

In this way, the closed tube design sampling tool of this creation, according to the limitation of the space around the pipeline, designs the angle and length of the center line of a single closed tube on the spot, and obtains the required data by measuring. Of course, the closed tube design sampling tool created in this creation can be reused, not only the design sampling cost is low, the measurement data accuracy is high, but also the design sampling operation is simplified, which saves time more than the earlier "on-site mold sampling method".

In order to make the purpose, structure, features, and advantages of this creation more simple and understandable, one or more preferred embodiments are given as follows in detail with the accompanying drawings.

"Prior Art"

90: Simulate closed tube

91: straight pipe

92: coupling

93: Flange connection structure

94: flange

95: Fastener

96: pipe

"This Creation"

10: flange

11: Disc body

12: Combination hole

13: Ring

14, 37, 67: center hole

15: Compression hole

16, 33, 36, 54, 57, 63, 66: fasteners

17: Baseline

20: first shot

20': second shot

21: plane

22, 22', 38, 43, 45, 52, 68, 73: scale

23, 23': blocking part

24, 24', 39, 69: indication line

25: Takeover

30: The first multi-axis rotary joint

30': The third multi-axis rotary joint

31, 61: Base

32, 62: Class hole

34, 64: central axis

35, 40, 65, 70: connector

41: Cylindrical

42, 72: center point

44, 74: recess

50: Telescopic pole

50': second telescopic rod

51: third shot

51': thin rod

53: Long Ditch

55: fourth shot

55': thick bar

56: Long hole

58: pointer

60: The second multi-axis rotary joint

60': The fourth multi-axis rotary joint

67': Reduced diameter

75: index plate

80: Centerline

81: closed tube

L1, L2, L3: distance value

N: boundary line

θ 1, θ 5: Torsion angle value

θ 2, θ 4: bending angle value

θ 3: Angle value

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the creative design sampling tool.

Figure 2 is a combined perspective view of the design sampling tool.

Figure 3 is a simplified diagram of the Euler angle definition.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of this authoring tool performing design sampling operations.

Figure 5 is a comparison diagram of the center line and the closed tube drawn based on the measurement data of the designed sampling operation.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the closed pipe of Figure 5 connecting two pipes to form a pipeline.

Figure 7 is a combined perspective view of the second embodiment of the creative design sampling tool.

Figure 8 is a combined perspective view of the third embodiment of the creative design sampling tool.

Figure 9 is a combined perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the creative design sampling tool.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the early "on-site mold-taking method".

Figure 1 is an exploded three-dimensional view illustrating the first embodiment of the sampling tool of the creative design, which is composed of two flanges 10, multiple rods and a set of multi-axis rotary joints. In order to clearly describe the technical features, these rods are defined as a first rod 20, a second rod 20', and a telescopic rod 50, and these multi-axis rotary joints are divided into a first multi-axis rotary joint 30 and a second multi-axis rotary joint 60.

In the figure, the first multi-axis rotary joint 30 uses a base 31 to connect two joints 35 and 40. Along a virtual central axis 34, the base 31 forms a step hole 32 that can receive a cylinder 41 of the joint 40. A fastener 33 passes through the step hole 32 of the base 31 and locks the cylinder 41 so that the joint 40 is fixed on the base 31. Two sets of scales 43 and 45 are formed on the surface of the joint 40 by printing, etching, or drawing. The set of scales 43 surround a central point 42 times The center point 42 falls on the top surface of the joint 40 along the direction of the center axis 34. In addition, the set of graduations 45 surround the outside of the opening of a recess 44 of the joint 40.

In addition, the joint 35 is fixed on the side of the base 31. Along the vertical direction of the central axis 34, a central hole 37 is formed inside the joint 35, and another set of graduations 38 are provided on the outside of the joint 35 immediately adjacent to the opening of the central hole 37. There is an indicator line 39 on the circumferential surface of the joint 35, and the indicator line 39 is aligned with one of the scales 43 (see Figure 2) to determine the angle change of the two joints 35 and 40. After the fastener 33 is loosened, the joint 35 does not interfere with the rotation of the base 31 and the joint 40 around the central axis 34.

The second multi-axis rotary joint 60 has a structure that is substantially the same as that of the first multi-axis rotary joint 30, with only minor differences.

From the perspective of the same structure, the second multi-axis rotary joint 60 also has a base 61 provided with a step hole 62, and a column (not shown) of the joint 70 is inserted into the step hole 62. A fastener 63 passing through the base 61 is used to lock the cylinder, so that the joint 70 is fixed on the base 61. The joint 70 also has a center point 72, a set of scales 73 and a recess 74, the center point 72 is on the top surface of the joint 70, and the set of scales 73 surround the periphery of the center point 72. In addition, the joint 65 is fixed on the side of the base 61. After the fastener 63 is loosened, the joint 65 does not interfere with the rotation of the base 61 and the joint 70 around the central axis 64. At the same time, the indicator line 69 on the circumferential surface of the joint 65 is aligned with one of the scales 73, and the angle change of the two joints 65 and 70 is judged. Along the vertical direction of the central axis 64, the central hole 67 passes through the inside of the joint 65 and forms another circle of graduations 68 outside the opening of the joint 65 adjacent to the central hole 67.

In terms of different structures, the second multi-axis rotary joint 60 has one more index plate 75 than the first multi-axis rotary joint 30. Through one of the methods of adhesion, welding, riveting, and locking, the index plate 75 is fixed to the joint 70 without closing the opening of the recess 74.

The telescopic rod 50 is composed of a third rod 51 and a fourth rod 55. Wherein, one end of the fourth rod 55 passes through the index plate 75 and continuously penetrates into the recess 74 of the joint 70. The fastener 63 tightens the fourth rod 55 so that the fourth rod 55 is combined with the joint 70 and fixed. After the fastener 63 is loosened, the fourth rod 55 and the joint 70 rotate mutually. A pointer 58 is fixed on the fourth rod 55 and located in front of the index plate 75. The pointer 58 is aligned with the scale of the index plate 75 to indicate (or interpret) that the joint 70 (or the second multi-axis rotary joint 60) is opposite The angle at which the fourth lever 55 turns. In addition, the fourth rod 55 forms an elongated hole 56, and other fasteners 57 are locked at a portion of the fourth rod 55 adjacent to the free end along the vertical direction of the elongated hole 56.

The third rod 51 has a relatively thin diameter, and a set of scales 52 and a long groove 53 are arranged on the circumferential surface, and the set of scales 52 are on the side of the long groove 53. When one end of the third rod 51 is inserted into the long hole 56 of the fourth rod 55, the fastener 57 is inserted into the long groove 53, preventing the third rod 51 and the fourth rod 55 from rotating mutually, and allowing the third rod 51 to retract or extend out of the fourth rod 55. When the fastener 57 tightens the bottom of the long groove 53, the third rod 51 and the fourth rod 55 are fixed and the total length of the telescopic rod 50 is determined. Therefore, the telescopic rod 50 belongs to a translational mechanical structure that manipulates the distance from the first multi-axis rotary joint 30 to the second multi-axis rotary joint 60.

In addition, the other end of the third rod 51 enters the recess 44 of the joint 40. The fastener 33 presses against the surface of the third rod 51, and another fastener 54 presses the bottom of the long groove 53 of the third rod 51 so that the third rod 51 (or telescopic rod 50) cannot rotate relative to the joint 40 (or the first multi-axis The joint 30) rotates. In this way, the pointer 58 cooperates with the scale of the index plate 75 to indicate (or interpret) the angle of mutual rotation of the two joints 40, 70 (or the first and second multi-axis rotary joints 30, 60) (see No. 2 Figure).

Next, the two flanges 10 have the same structure but different directions. The flange 10 has a disc body 11, a ring 13 protrudes from the side of the disc body 11, and a circumferential surface of the ring 13 is provided with a A reference line 17 is provided, and a central hole 14 extends in the center of the ring 13 toward the disk 11. The two groups of coupling holes 12 penetrate the disc body 11, and the diameter of each group of coupling holes 12 is different, and the circumferential angular position of the disc body 11 is also different.

The outer surface of the first rod 20 is a circumferential surface and a long and narrow plane 21. A set of scales 22 and an indicator line 24 are provided on the circumferential surface. The indicator line 24 passes through the set of scales 22 along the length of the first rod 20. . In addition, a blocking portion 23 is coupled to the side of the first rod 20 adjacent to the end surface.

When the first rod 20 passes through the central hole 14 of the flange 10, the central hole 37 of the joint 35 receives a part of the first rod 20, and the fastener 36 passes through the joint 35 and presses the plane 21, so that the first rod 20 is combined The first multi-axis rotary joint 30 is fixed. The blocking portion 23 serves as the starting point of the disc body 11, and the joint 35 is regarded as the end point, restricting the movement stroke of the disc body 11 on the first rod 20, and together constitute other translational mechanical structures.

In addition, other fasteners 16 are screwed to a tightening hole 15 of the ring portion 13 so as to be tightened on the plane 21 so that the flange 10 is fixed to the first rod 20. At this moment, the end surface of the ring 13 is aligned with one of the graduations 22, indicating the distance value from the flange 10 to the joint 35 (or the first multi-axis rotary joint 30) (see Figure 2). At the same time, the reference line 17 of the ring portion 13 is aligned with the indicator line 24, and the indicator line 24 points to one of the set of graduations 38, which is sufficient to judge the circumferential angle of the combining hole 12 on the plate 11 (see Figure 2).

Similarly, the second rod 20' passes through the central holes 14, 67 of the flange 10 and the joint 65, forming another translational mechanical structure together. Through the joint 65, the fastener 66 can be pressed on the second rod 20' to prevent it from leaving. Between the joint 65 and the blocking portion 23', the disc body 11 is translated on the second rod 20', relatively changing the distance from the ring portion 13 to the second multi-axis rotary joint 60, through the set of graduations 22' To read the distance value (see Figure 2). Of course, the fastener 16 is locked into the ring portion 13 and tightens the second rod 20 ′, so that the second rod 20 ′ and the flange 10 are fixed. In addition, the two ends of the indicator line 24' of the second rod 20' are respectively aligned with the reference line 17 of the ring portion 13 and one of the set of graduations 68, and it is determined that the coupling hole 12 is at the circumferential angle of the disc body 11 (see Figure 2).

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the combined tool of this embodiment. In the figure, the set of scales 22 show the exposed part of the first rod 20, and determine the distance L1 from the flange 10 to the first multi-axis rotary joint 30. The set of scales 52 display the exposed part of the telescopic rod 50, and determine the distance L2 from the first multi-axis rotary joint 30 to the second multi-axis rotary joint 60. The set of graduations 22' indicate the exposed part of the second rod 20', which is sufficient to read the distance L3 from the second multi-axis rotary joint 30 (or joint 65) to the flange 10 (or plate body 11).

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram describing the implementation of the design sampling operation in this embodiment. In the figure, a set of fasteners 95 connect two flanges 10 and 94 together through suitable coupling holes 12 to form a flange connection structure 93 together.

In the figure, the set of scales 38 measure and obtain a torsion angle value θ 1, which is equivalent to the β angle of the Euler angle, which represents the circumferential angle of the coupling hole 12 on the disc body 11, or the twisting of the two flanges 10, 94 angle. The set of scales 43 obtain a bending angle value θ 2, which is equivalent to the Euler angle α, which represents the angle at which the third rod 51 (or the telescopic rod 50) and the first rod 20 bend each other. The scale meter of the index plate 75 measures an angle value θ 3, which is equivalent to the β angle of the Euler angle, and serves as data for the mutual rotation of the first multi-axis rotary joint 30 and the second multi-axis rotary joint 60. The bending angle value θ 4 measured by the set of scales 73 is equivalent to the angle α of the Euler angle, representing the angle at which the telescopic rod 50 (or the fourth rod 55) and the second rod 20' bend with each other. The torsion angle value θ 5 measured by the set of scales 68 is equivalent to the β angle of the Euler angle, and represents the torsion angle of the other two flanges 10 and 94. In other words, the γ angle of Euler angle is equivalent to zero, or it is constant.

As listed in the table below, the measurement data of the center line is close to the actual value of the closed tube.

By discarding the two angle values θ1 and θ5, based on the three distance values of L1, L2 and L3, plus the three angle values of θ2, θ3 and θ4, a simple centerline can be drawn. If all the data are used, the centerline 80 of the closed tube can be drawn with high accuracy (see Figure 5).

The two flange connection structures 93 support the tool of this embodiment between two unconnected pipes 96. Each flange 10 is the reference XYZ coordinate system, compared with the x1-y1-z1 coordinate system of the first multi-axis rotary joint 30 and the x2-y2-z2 coordinate system of the second multi-axis rotary joint 60. The measurement includes Euler The five angle values θ1~θ5 including the angles α, β, and γ. At the same time, the first rod 20, the telescopic rod 50 and the second rod 20' can measure three distance values L1~L3 (see Figure 2) for the degree of freedom of translation.

Figure 5 is a comparison diagram, showing that the centerline 80 of the complete data construction is made into a closed tube 81, and both ends of the closed tube 81 are flanges 94 with qualified circumferential angles. The flange connection structure 93 composed of two flanges 94 and fasteners 95 is sufficient to support the closed pipe 81 to connect the two unconnected pipes 96 together to form a smooth pipeline (see Figure 6).

Figure 7 is a combined three-dimensional view, showing that the structure of the second embodiment of the creative design sampling tool is roughly the same as that of the first embodiment. The difference lies in the addition of a third multi-axis rotary joint 30', which is The structure of 30' is the same as the first multi-axis rotary joint 30, so it will not be repeated.

The design sampling tool of the second embodiment adds a second telescopic rod 50'. The second telescopic rod 50' consists of a thin rod 51' and a thick rod 55'. The structure of the thin rod 51' is the same as that of the first The three rods 51, the thick rod 55' has the same structure as the fourth rod 55, so it will not be repeated.

When in use, one end of the thick rod 55' is inserted into a reduced diameter portion 67' of the joint 65, and the third multi-axis rotary joint 30' connects the thin rod 51' and the second rod 20', and can be designed to sample and measure the four-section type Data required to close the centerline of the tube.

Figure 8 is a combined perspective view, showing that the structure of the third embodiment of the creative design sampling tool is roughly the same as that of the second embodiment. The difference is that there is no third multi-axis rotary joint, but a fourth multi-axis rotary joint 60 is added. The structure of the fourth multi-axis rotary joint 60' is the same as that of the second multi-axis rotary joint 60, so it will not be repeated.

The design sampling tool of the third embodiment adds an adapter tube 25, which connects the central hole 67 of the joint 65 and the thin rod 51' together, and the fourth multi-axis rotary joint 60' connects the thick rod 55' and The second rod 20' can also be designed to sample and measure the data required for the centerline of the four-section closed tube.

Figure 9 is a combined perspective view showing that the structure of the fourth embodiment of the creative design sampling tool is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment. The difference is that there is no fourth multi-axis rotary joint, but a third multi-axis rotary joint 30'.

Secondly, the installation direction of the second telescopic rod 50' is reversed, and the central hole 67 of the joint 65 and the thick rod 55' are connected by the connecting pipe 25. The third multi-axis rotary joint 30' connects the thin rod 51' and The second rod 20' can be designed to sample and measure the data required for the centerline of the four-section closed tube.

10: flange

11: Disc body

12: Combination hole

13: Ring

16, 33, 36, 54, 57, 66: fasteners

17: Baseline

20: first shot

20': second shot

21: plane

22, 22', 38, 43, 45, 52, 68, 73: scale

23, 23': blocking part

24, 24', 39, 69: indication line

30: The first multi-axis rotary joint

31, 61: Base

35, 40, 65, 70: connector

42, 72: center point

50: Telescopic pole

51: third shot

53: Long Ditch

55: fourth shot

58: pointer

60: The second multi-axis rotary joint

L1, L2, L3: distance value

Claims (10)

A closed tube design sampling tool, including: Two disc bodies, the disc bodies form two sets of coupling holes, the diameters of the sets of coupling holes are different; A first multi-axis rotary joint has two joints rotatably connected, one of which has a center hole and a set of graduations around the opening of the center hole, and the other joint has a recess and a set of graduations around the opening of the recess; A second multi-axis rotary joint has two joints rotatably connected, one of which has a center hole and a set of graduations around the opening of the center hole, and the other joint has a recess and a set of graduations around the opening of the recess; A first rod with a scale, which passes through one of the two disc bodies and is connected to the joint with the center hole of the first multi-axis rotary joint; A second rod with scale, which directly or indirectly connects the joint with the center hole of the second multi-axis rotary joint through other disc bodies; and A telescopic rod with graduations, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the joints with concave parts of the first multi-axis rotary joint and the second multi-axis rotary joint. The closed tube design sampling tool according to claim 1, wherein a ring part protrudes from the side of the disc body, and the ring part is combined with a fastener, and the fastener is paired with the first rod or the second rod passing through the ring part. Have an urgent role. The closed tube design sampling tool according to claim 1, wherein each of the first rod and the second rod has a blocking part, and the blocking part prevents the disc body from leaving the first rod or the second rod. The closed-tube design sampling tool according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic rod is composed of a fourth rod with a long hole and a third rod with a scale. The closed tube design sampling tool according to claim 4, wherein the fourth rod has a fastener which can be tightly coupled to a long groove of the third rod. The closed-tube design sampling tool according to claim 4, wherein the second multi-axis rotary joint has a recessed joint to secure an indexing plate, and the fourth rod passes through the indexing plate and joins the recessed part of the joint. The closed-tube design sampling tool according to claim 6, wherein the fourth rod has a pointer, and the pointer is in front of the scale of the index plate. The closed tube design sampling tool according to claim 1, wherein the second multi-axis rotary joint has a joint with a concave portion, and the second rod is indirectly connected by a third multi-axis rotary joint. The closed-tube design sampling tool according to claim 1, wherein the second multi-axis rotary joint has a recessed joint with an adapter tube, and the adapter tube is indirectly connected to the second rod through a fourth multi-axis rotary joint. A closed-tube design sampling tool that connects two or more multi-axis rotary joints between two flanges through multiple rods with graduations; the flange has two sets of coupling holes with different diameters; The multi-axis rotary joint has two joints connected by rotation. One of the two joints has a center hole and a set of graduations around the opening of the center hole, and the other joint has a recess and a set of graduations around the opening of the recess; the two rods respectively pass through Through the flange, directly or indirectly connect the multi-axis rotary joint with a joint with a center hole; the other rod is telescopic, and its two ends are connected to two multi-axis rotary joints with recessed joints; according to the limitation of the space around the pipeline , Design the angle and length of the center line of a single closed tube on the spot, measure and obtain the required data.

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