TWM593661U - Explosion-proof casing for energy storage device and energy storage device - Google Patents

Abstract

An explosion-proof casing for an energy storage device and an energy storage device. The explosion-proof casing includes: a casing body having a through hole; and an explosion-proof element including a central portion and a pressure relief portion disposed around the central portion, the pressure relief portion is in a ring shape, the The pressure relief portion is provided in the through hole and forms a sealed connection with the through hole. The pressure relief portion is configured to be responsive to the housing when the pressure in the housing body reaches a first set value Deformation of the body generates cracks and cracks between the pressure relief portion and the housing body, and can be detached from the housing body when the pressure reaches a second set value, the second set value is greater than The first set value is described.

Description

Explosion-proof casing for energy storage device and energy storage device

This creation relates to the technical field of energy conversion, and more specifically, to an explosion-proof casing for an energy storage device and an energy storage device.

Most existing energy storage devices, including common electrolytic capacitors, primary batteries, secondary batteries such as hard-shell lithium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, etc., in order to avoid internal manufacturing defects or user abuse, internal thermal runaway caused by internal pressure Explosion occurs when it rises. Generally, explosion-proof pressure relief mechanisms are installed to ensure that these energy storage devices can release pressure in a timely manner when the internal air pressure rises excessively during long-term use or thermal runaway, thereby protecting personal and property safety.

Commonly used explosion-proof pressure relief structures include the following two types:

(1) Diaphragm explosion-proof pressure relief structure: This pressure relief structure generally uses materials with lower ultimate strength, and at the same time, the thickness of the material is thinned to form a diaphragm. The diaphragm deforms when the internal pressure increases, and the deformation reaches a certain level. In order to achieve the purpose of pressure relief by blasting by itself or through the puncture mechanism, because these diaphragm materials are generally soft and thin, in order to prevent accidental damage caused by the failure of the energy storage device, the upper and lower cover protection mechanism and clamping are generally provided Or riveting mechanism, some also include puncture mechanism. The structure is more complicated, the parts are more complicated to assemble, and the space occupied in height is also larger.

(2) Engraved explosion-proof pressure relief structure: The pressure relief structure generally forms a groove on the surface of the housing. The thickness of the material is reduced at the groove to reduce the strength of the place, and the internal pressure in the energy storage device is increased to At the design value, the gas is released from the weaker notch for pressure relief. This pressure relief structure has very high requirements on the machining accuracy of the groove, and is only suitable for groove processing with a metal with low hardness and good ductility. For example, aluminum alloy. However, it is difficult for carbon steel, stainless steel or other alloys with higher hardness to perform reliable groove machining while ensuring a lower burst pressure. Moreover, due to the weak strength at the notch, accidental damage to the explosion-proof valve during manufacturing or use often occurs, resulting in failure of the energy storage device.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to solve the above technical problems.

One purpose of this creation is to provide a new technical solution for an explosion-proof enclosure of an energy storage device.

According to the first aspect of this creation, an explosion-proof enclosure for an energy storage device is provided. The explosion-proof casing includes: a casing body having a through hole; and an explosion-proof element including a central portion and a pressure relief portion disposed around the central portion, the pressure relief portion is in a ring shape, so The pressure relief portion is provided in the through hole and forms a sealed connection with the through hole, the pressure relief portion is configured to be responsive to the pressure when the pressure in the housing body reaches a first set value The deformation of the casing body generates a crack and a crack is formed between the pressure relief portion and the casing body, and can be detached from the casing body when the pressure reaches a second set value, the second set value Greater than the first set value.

In some embodiments, the housing body and the central portion are made of conductive material, and the housing body and the central portion respectively serve as two electrodes of the energy storage device.

In some embodiments, the radial dimension of the pressure relief portion is defined as the width, and the axial dimension is the height, and the ratio of the width to the height is ≥0.5.

In some embodiments, the pressure relief portion has a circular ring shape, and the dimension of the pressure relief portion in the axial direction is defined as the height, and the ratio of the diameter of the outer ring of the pressure relief portion to the height is ≥1.

In some embodiments, the pressure relief portion has a rectangular ring shape, and the dimension of the pressure relief portion in the axial direction is defined as the height, and the ratio of the length of the diagonal of the pressure relief portion to the height is ≥1.

In some embodiments, the pressure relief portion is an elliptical ring, and the dimension of the pressure relief portion along the axial direction is defined as the height, and the ratio of the size of the major axis of the pressure relief portion to the height is ≥1.

In some embodiments, the through hole extends to form a cylinder, and the pressure relief portion is located in the cylinder.

In some embodiments, a portion of the barrel connected to the housing body is defined as a root, and an outer chamfer is formed outside the root.

In some embodiments, it is defined that the portion of the cylinder connected to the housing body is a root, an inner chamfer is formed inside the root, and the pressure relief portion is filled in the area surrounded by the inner chamfer .

In some embodiments, the housing body includes a cover plate at an end, and the through hole is provided on the cover plate.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the cover plate is 0.1 mm-1 mm.

In some embodiments, the housing body encloses a cavity, wherein the cover plate includes an inner surface close to the cavity and an outer surface opposite to the inner surface, the inner surface and the outer surface The surface is flat; the explosion-proof element includes a lower end surface close to the cavity and an upper end surface opposite to the lower end surface, the lower end surface is flush with the inner surface, and the upper end surface is flush with the outer surface Flush.

In some embodiments, the radial dimension of the pressure relief portion is defined as a width, and the axial dimension is a height, the width is 0.1 mm-5 mm, and the height is 0.2 mm-5 mm.

In some embodiments, the central portion includes a first end surface close to the cavity and a second end surface opposite to the first end surface, which is radially extended by the first end surface and/or the second end surface to form An extension that at least partially covers the pressure relief portion.

In some embodiments, the surface of the housing body is recessed to form a strip-shaped groove, and an extension line of the groove passes through the explosion-proof element.

In some embodiments, there are multiple grooves, and the multiple grooves are radial with the center of the explosion-proof element as the center.

In some embodiments, the pressure relief portion is an inorganic non-metallic material.

In some embodiments, the material of the pressure relief portion is glass or ceramic.

In some embodiments, the material of the portion of the housing body that is sealingly connected to the pressure relief portion is tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, platinum, copper, aluminum, carbon steel, kovar, or stainless steel.

In some embodiments, the thermal expansion coefficient of the central portion is equal to the thermal expansion coefficient of the pressure relief portion, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the housing body is greater than or equal to the thermal expansion coefficient of the pressure relief portion.

According to another embodiment of the present creation, an energy storage device is provided. The device includes an energy conversion element and the above-mentioned explosion-proof housing.

In some embodiments, the energy storage device is a battery or a capacitor.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when a crack and a crack are generated in the pressure relief portion, the gas in the explosion-proof casing can be released through the pressure relief channel formed by the crack and the crack. When the pressure relief part comes off, the gas in the explosion-proof casing is quickly released through the through hole.

Through the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present creation with reference to the drawings, other features and advantages of the present creation will become clear.

Various exemplary embodiments of the present creation will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of components and steps, digital expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this creation unless specifically stated otherwise.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually merely illustrative, and in no way serves as any limitation on the creation and its application or use.

Techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the related art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values.

It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, there is no need to discuss it further in subsequent drawings.

According to an embodiment of the present creation, an explosion-proof enclosure for an energy storage device is provided. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the explosion-proof casing includes a casing body and explosion-proof components. The body of the casing is cylindrical, elliptical, rectangular, etc. As shown in FIG. 8, the housing body includes a top and bottom 25 and a side wall 24 between the top and bottom 25.

In some embodiments, a cover plate 11 is provided on the top. The bottom 25 and the side wall 24 are integrally formed; or the cover plate 11 is provided on both the top and bottom 25. The cover plate 11 is welded to the side wall 24 by laser welding or resistance welding.

A cavity is formed inside the housing body. The cavity is used to accommodate the energy conversion element 23.

The through hole connects the cavity and the external space. The shape of the through hole is circular, oval, rectangular, or other shapes.

The explosion-proof element includes a central portion 13 and a pressure relief portion 12 is provided around the central portion 13. The pressure relief portion 12 has a ring shape, for example, a circular ring shape, a rectangular ring shape, an oval ring shape, or the like. The pressure relief portion 12 is provided in the through hole and forms a sealed connection with the through hole. The center portion 13 is sealed in the through hole by the pressure relief portion 12.

For example, the through hole is located on the cover 11 or the side wall 24. There may be one or more through holes. Correspondingly, there are one or more explosion-proof elements.

The pressure relief portion 12 is configured to generate a crack in response to the deformation of the housing body and generate a crack between the pressure relief portion 12 and the housing body when the pressure in the housing body reaches the first set value, And when the pressure reaches the second set value, it can be detached from the casing body. The second set value is greater than the first set value.

When cracks and cracks occur in the pressure relief portion 12, the gas in the explosion-proof casing can be released through the pressure relief channels formed by the cracks and cracks. When the pressure relief portion 12 comes off, the gas in the explosion-proof casing is quickly released through the through hole.

For example, when the air pressure inside the energy storage device rises, the lower surface of the housing body undergoes bending deformation due to the air pressure. The amount of deformation is related to the magnitude of the air pressure. The larger the air pressure, the larger the deformation amount, and the smaller the air pressure, the smaller the deformation amount. At this time, the pressure relief portion 12 and the center portion 13 move in parallel with the deformation of the casing body. Because the amount of deformation allowed by the pressure relief portion 12 itself is small, stress concentration occurs at the connection between the housing body and the pressure relief portion 12, so that the upper half of the connection interface between the pressure relief portion 12 and the housing body produces radial Stretching, and the lower half of the connection interface produces radial compression.

As the air pressure received by the casing body increases, the deformation amount of the casing body gradually increases, and the radial stretching effect on the connection interface between the pressure relief portion 12 and the casing body gradually strengthens. When the pressure reaches the first set value, the tensile stress of the upper half is greater than the connection strength of the connection interface, and the connection interface begins to crack; the compressive stress of the lower half is greater than the compression strength of the pressure relief portion 12 and the pressure relief portion 12 itself generates crack. When the cracks in the upper half and the cracks in the lower half penetrate each other, a pressure relief channel is formed. The airtightness of the seal between the pressure relief portion 12 and the case body starts to decrease. The high-pressure gas inside the energy storage device is discharged to the outside via the pressure relief channel.

As the air pressure received by the housing body continues to increase, the cracks in the connection interface between the pressure relief portion 12 and the housing body and the cracks in the pressure relief portion 12 themselves continue to increase. When the connection strength between the pressure relief portion 12 and the housing body is insufficient to support the internal air pressure (ie, the pressure reaches the second set value), the pressure relief portion 12 and the center portion 13 are pushed out under the air pressure. In this way, the housing body forms a channel for rapid exhaust for quick pressure relief, thereby effectively preventing explosion of the energy storage device.

For example, the pressure relief portion 12 may be detached together with the central portion 13 or a partial detachment of the pressure relief portion 12.

A person skilled in the art can adjust the first set value and the second set value by setting the thickness of the housing body, the material strength of the housing body, the width and height of the pressure relief portion 12 to meet the requirements of different types of energy storage devices Pressure relief requirements.

In addition, the structure of the explosion-proof element is simple, the space occupied in the axial direction is small, and the saved space can be used to increase the amount of the energy conversion element 23.

In addition, the explosion-proof casing uses the material's own crushing limit for pressure relief, which has the characteristics of high pressure relief accuracy.

In addition, the appearance of the explosion-proof enclosure is good.

In other examples, the cracks and the cracks may extend in the axial direction to form a pressure relief channel. In this way, it can also play the role of pressure relief.

In one example, the pressure relief portion 12 is an insulating material. For example, inorganic non-metallic materials. This material has the characteristics of low toughness, high brittleness, and easy formation of cracks, so that the pressure can be released in time when the internal pressure of the shell body reaches the set value.

In one example, the pressure relief portion 12 is glass or ceramic. During production, the glass or ceramic blank is placed in the through hole. The central portion 13 is embedded in the blank. Then, the blank is pre-fired to obtain structural strength, and the pressure relief portion 12 is formed into a sealed connection (ie, sealed) with the through hole and the central portion 13.

For example, when a glass material is selected, the pressure relief portion 12 is glass-ceramic, borosilicate glass, phosphate glass, or other special glass. Glass can form a solid structure, a hollow structure or a hollow structure, as long as it meets the requirements of pressure relief pressure.

The central portion 13 and the housing body are made of conductive material. The central part 13 and the housing body respectively serve as two electrodes of the energy storage device. For example, the central portion 13 is connected to the positive electrode of the energy conversion element 23. The case body is connected to the negative electrode of the energy conversion element 23.

Alternatively, the central portion 13 is connected to the negative electrode of the energy conversion element 23, and the case body is connected to the positive electrode of the energy conversion element 23.

In one example, the dimension of the pressure relief portion 12 in the radial direction is defined as the width, and the dimension in the axial direction is defined as the height. The ratio of width to height ≥0.5. The radial direction is shown by the x-axis arrow in Figure 1, and the axial direction is shown by the y-axis arrow in Figure 1. The width is shown as w in Figure 1, and the height is shown as h in Figure 1.

The larger the width, the greater the air pressure received by the pressure relief portion 12 and the smaller the pressure relief pressure (ie, the first set value and the second set value); conversely, the smaller the width, the smaller the pressure relief pressure. The greater the height, the higher the structural strength of the pressure relief portion 12 and the greater the pressure relief pressure; conversely, the smaller the height, the smaller the pressure relief pressure. Within this ratio range, the pressure relief pressure is moderate.

In one example, the dimension of the pressure relief portion 12 in the axial direction is defined as the height, and the ratio of the diameter of the outer ring of the pressure relief portion 12 (as shown in d in the figure) to the height is ≥1. The larger the diameter of the outer ring, the lower the structural strength of the pressure relief portion 12 and the smaller the pressure relief pressure (ie, the first set value and the second set value); conversely, the smaller the diameter of the outer ring, the greater the pressure relief pressure. The greater the height, the higher the structural strength of the pressure relief portion 12 and the greater the pressure relief pressure; conversely, the smaller the height, the smaller the pressure relief pressure. Within this ratio range, the pressure relief pressure is moderate.

In one example, the pressure relief portion 12 has a rectangular ring shape, and the dimension of the pressure relief portion 12 in the axial direction is defined as the height. The ratio of the length of the diagonal of the pressure relief portion 12 to the height is ≥1. Within this ratio range, the pressure relief pressure is moderate.

In one example, the pressure relief portion 12 is an elliptical ring, and the dimension of the pressure relief portion 12 in the axial direction is defined as the height, and the ratio of the size of the major axis of the pressure relief portion 12 to the height is ≥1. Within this ratio range, the pressure relief pressure is moderate.

In one example, as shown in FIG. 7, the through hole extends to form a cylinder. For example, the case body extends to one side or both sides in the thickness direction at the through hole to form a cylinder. The cylinder body and the casing body are integrally formed.

The pressure relief portion 12 is located inside the cylinder. The contact area of the cylinder and the pressure relief portion 12 is larger, which makes the connection strength of the pressure relief portion 12 and the through hole higher. In this way, the thickness of other parts of the housing body can be effectively reduced. Under the condition that the pressure relief pressure is constant, the shell body can be made thinner, which conforms to the development trend of miniaturization, lightness and thinning of the energy storage device.

In addition, the thickness of the housing body becomes thinner, and a larger deformation can be generated under a smaller internal pressure, which makes the pressure relief pressure of the energy storage device smaller and the safety performance better.

Of course, in other examples, the thickness of the casing body is sufficient, then there is no need to provide a cylinder, and only the pressure relief portion 12 needs to be filled in the through hole.

Define the part of the cylinder connected to the body of the casing as the root. When the root is closer to a right angle, the stress concentration is more likely to form at the root. The deformation of the shell body generates a greater stress at the root, causing plastic deformation at the root. In this way, the deformation of the casing body will not cause the lateral movement of the cylinder body, that is, the deformation of the casing body cannot be transmitted to the cylinder body, the cylinder body will not squeeze or stretch the pressure relief portion 12, and no cracks or cracks will be formed. The valve opening pressure of the explosion-proof element of the energy storage device is increased.

In order to solve this technical problem, in one example, the cylinder forms an outer chamfer on the outside of the root (as shown by R1 in FIG. 7). The outer chamfer can effectively reduce the stress concentration generated at the root, so that the deformation of the casing body can be quickly transmitted to the cylinder. In this way, the upper half of the cylinder squeezes the pressure relief portion 12, and the lower half stretches the pressure relief portion 12, so that it is easier to form a pressure relief passage.

In addition, when the height of the pressure relief portion 12 is too low, the strength is low, and it is easy to break, for example, it will be damaged during processing, transportation, and use, thereby losing the insulation sealing effect.

In one example, the cylinder forms an inner chamfer on the inside of the root (as shown by R2 in FIG. 7). The pressure relief portion 12 fills the area enclosed by the inner chamfer. The pressure relief portion 12 includes a straight section (as shown in b of FIG. 7) and a curved section. An effective sealing connection is formed between the straight section and the barrel.

The effective height of the pressure relief portion 12, that is, the size of the straight section plays a decisive role in the pressure relief pressure. The greater the length of the straight section, the greater the pressure relief pressure; conversely, the smaller the length of the straight section, the smaller the pressure relief pressure. The portion of the pressure relief portion 12 located in the area surrounded by the inner chamfer (that is, the curved section) has little effect on the pressure relief pressure. By providing the inner chamfer, the sealing area between the straight section and the cylinder can be effectively reduced, and the effective height of the pressure relief portion 12 can be reduced.

In this way, even if the overall height of the pressure relief portion 12 is 0.5 mm or more, since the bending section has little influence on the pressure relief pressure, the effective height of the pressure relief portion 12 can reach 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm or even smaller. This makes the explosion-proof elements have a lower pressure relief pressure and meets the requirements of small energy storage devices, such as needle batteries or button batteries.

In one example, as shown in FIG. 8, the cover plate 11 is provided with a through hole. Compared with opening a through hole in the side wall 24. The cover plate 11 is smoother, the difficulty of opening the through hole is smaller, and the size of the through hole is more accurate. For example, the thickness of the cover plate 11 is 0.1 mm-1 mm. The cover plate 11 in this size range is more likely to be deformed, so that the energy storage device performs pressure relief at a lower pressure relief pressure, and meets the development trend of light and thin energy storage devices.

In one example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the cover plate 11 includes an inner surface close to the cavity and an outer surface opposite to the inner surface. The inner and outer surfaces are flat. The explosion-proof element includes a lower end surface close to the cavity and an upper end surface opposite to the lower end surface. The lower end face is flush with the inner surface, and the upper end face is flush with the outer surface. In this example, the entire element composed of the cover plate 11 and the explosion-proof element is in the form of a sheet. The external space occupied by this structure is small, and the space utilization rate of the energy storage device is high.

In one example, the width of the pressure relief portion 12 is 0.1 mm-5 mm, and the height of the pressure relief portion 12 is 0.2 mm-5 mm. Within this range, explosion-proof components meet the explosion-proof requirements of energy storage components.

In one example, as shown in FIGS. 4-6, the central portion 13 includes a first end surface close to the cavity and a second end surface opposite to the first end surface. Radially extending from the first end face and/or the second end face to form an extension (for example, the first extension 21 and the second extension 22). The extension at least partially covers the pressure relief portion 12.

For example, the material of the central portion 13 is tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, platinum, copper, aluminum, carbon steel, kovar, or stainless steel. The high hardness of the above metals makes the structural strength of the explosion-proof enclosure high. The central portion 13 forms a T-shaped structure or an I-shaped structure. The extension can effectively increase the area of the first end face and/or the second end face. Due to the increase in area, it is easy to connect the central portion 13 with other components (eg, tabs or PCM).

In addition, the energy conversion element 23 is usually connected to the central portion 13 through the tab. The first extension portion 21 or the second extension portion 22 increases the area of the end surface of the central portion 13, so that the tab and the central portion 13 have a larger contact area, allowing a larger current to pass, which satisfies the large energy storage device Use requirements for current charging and discharging.

For example, the first extension portion 21 and/or the second extension portion 22 entirely cover both end surfaces of the pressure relief portion 12 in the axial direction. In this way, the first extension portion 21 and/or the second extension portion 22 can protect the pressure relief portion 12. The extension portion can prevent the pressure relief portion 12 from being hit by external objects.

In one example, the surface (eg, the inner surface or the outer surface) of the housing body is concavely formed with a strip-shaped groove 14. The groove 14 has a linear shape, an arc shape, a wavy shape, or other shapes. The extension line of the groove 14 passes through the explosion-proof element.

In this example, the deformation of the housing body is based on the groove 14 as the axis, which makes the deformation of the housing body easier. During the deformation of the housing body, the groove 14 does not break and does not form a gap, but by accelerating the deformation of the housing body, the crack of the pressure relief portion 12 and the gap between the pressure relief portion 12 and the housing body The rapid formation of cracks reduces the pressure relief pressure of explosion-proof components and meets the pressure relief requirements of small energy storage devices.

In one example, as shown in FIGS. 2-3, there are a plurality of grooves 14 and the plurality of grooves 14 are radial with the center of the explosion-proof element as the center. By providing a plurality of grooves 14, the pressure relief pressure of the explosion-proof element can be reduced more effectively.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, there are two grooves 14 and pass through the center of the explosion-proof element. When deformed, the structural strength at the groove 14 is low. The housing body protrudes outward at the two grooves 14. The portion of the housing body perpendicular to the groove 14 and the pressure relief portion 12 have the largest amount of deformation, and a pressure relief channel is easily formed there, thereby quickly releasing the internal gas.

In other examples, the grooves 14 are 3, 4, 5, 6 or more.

In one example, the thermal expansion coefficient of the central portion 13 is equal to the thermal expansion coefficient of the pressure relief portion 12. In this way, the connection between the central portion 13 and the pressure relief portion 12 is ensured and the temperature resistance is good. Explosion-proof components will not cause large deformation due to changes in ambient temperature. The pressure relief portion 12 is not broken by the expansion of the central portion 13.

The thermal expansion coefficient of the casing body is greater than or equal to the thermal expansion coefficient of the pressure relief portion 12. Through the selection of the thermal expansion coefficient, a good seal can be ensured between the casing body and the pressure relief portion 12. When the thermal expansion coefficients of the casing body and the pressure relief portion 12 are equal, the temperature resistance of the explosion-proof casing is better.

When the thermal expansion coefficient of the casing body is greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the pressure relief portion 12, the sealing strength of the explosion-proof casing is higher. This method is more suitable for energy storage devices with higher pressure relief pressure. For example, the material of the casing body is an iron-based expansion alloy, which includes: 4J28, 4J29 and other models.

According to another embodiment of the present creation, an energy storage device is provided. As shown in FIG. 8, the energy storage device includes an energy conversion element 23 and the above-mentioned explosion-proof casing.

The energy storage device is a battery or a capacitor. For example, batteries include lithium-ion batteries, nickel-chromium batteries, alkaline batteries, flow batteries, lead-acid batteries, and the like. Capacitors include organic dielectric capacitors, inorganic dielectric capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, electrothermal capacitors, and air dielectric capacitors. The energy storage device has the characteristics of excellent safety performance.

Although some specific embodiments of the creation have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, not for limiting the scope of the creation. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present creation. The scope of this creation is limited by the scope of the attached patent application.

11: Cover 12: Pressure relief 13: Center 14: groove 21: The first extension 22: Second extension 23: Energy conversion element 24: side wall 25: bottom w: width h: height d: outer ring R1: outer chamfer R2: inner chamfer b: straight section

The drawings incorporated in and forming a part of the specification show embodiments of the present creation, and are used to explain the principle of the present creation together with the description thereof. [FIG. 1] is a cross-sectional view of a part of an explosion-proof casing according to an embodiment of the present creation. [FIG. 2] is a cross-sectional view of a part of another explosion-proof enclosure according to an embodiment of the present creation. [Fig. 3] is a plan view of Fig. 2. [FIG. 4] is a cross-sectional view of a part of a third explosion-proof enclosure according to an embodiment of the present creation. [Fig. 5] is a plan view of Fig. 4. [Fig. 6] is a cross-sectional view of a part of a fourth explosion-proof enclosure according to an embodiment of the present creation. [FIG. 7] is a sectional view of a part of a fifth explosion-proof enclosure according to an embodiment of the present creation. [Fig. 8] is a cross-sectional view of an energy storage device according to another embodiment of the present creation.

11: Cover

12: Pressure relief

13: Center

w: width

h: height

d: outer ring

Claims (22)

An explosion-proof enclosure for an energy storage device, including: A housing body having a through hole; and An explosion-proof element including a central portion and a pressure relief portion disposed around the central portion, the pressure relief portion is in a ring shape, the pressure relief portion is disposed in the through hole and is formed with the through hole Sealed connection, the pressure relief portion is configured to generate a crack in response to the deformation of the housing body when the pressure in the housing body reaches the first set value, and the pressure relief portion and the shell Cracks occur between the body bodies and can fall off the casing body when the pressure reaches a second set value, the second set value being greater than the first set value. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 1, wherein the housing body and the central portion are made of a conductive material, and the housing body and the central portion respectively serve as two electrodes of the energy storage device. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 1, wherein the dimension of the pressure relief portion in the radial direction is defined as a width, and the dimension in the axial direction is defined as a height, and the ratio of the width to the height is ≥0.5. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief portion is a circular ring, and the dimension of the pressure relief portion in the axial direction is defined as a height, and the diameter of the outer ring of the pressure relief portion and the height The ratio is ≥1. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief portion is a rectangular ring, and the dimension of the pressure relief portion in the axial direction is defined as a height, and the length of the diagonal line of the pressure relief portion is equal to the The ratio of height ≥ 1. The explosion-proof casing according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief portion is an elliptical ring, and the dimension of the pressure relief portion in the axial direction is defined as the height, and the size of the long axis of the pressure relief portion is The ratio of height ≥ 1. The explosion-proof casing according to claim 1, wherein the through hole extends to form a cylinder, and the pressure relief portion is located in the cylinder. The explosion-proof casing according to claim 7, wherein a portion of the cylinder connected to the casing body is defined as a root, and an outer chamfer is formed outside the root. The explosion-proof casing according to claim 7, wherein the portion of the cylinder connected to the case body is defined as a root, an inner chamfer is formed inside the root, and the pressure relief is filled in the inner chamfer Within the area enclosed by the corner. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 1, wherein the housing body includes a cover plate at an end, and the through hole is provided on the cover plate. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 10, wherein the thickness of the cover plate is 0.1 mm-1 mm. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 10, the housing body encloses a cavity, wherein the cover plate includes an inner surface close to the cavity and an outer surface opposite to the inner surface, the inner surface Is flat with the outer surface; the explosion-proof element includes a lower end surface close to the cavity and an upper end surface opposite to the lower end surface, the lower end surface is flush with the inner surface, and the upper end surface is The outer surface is flush. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 1, wherein the dimension of the pressure relief portion in the radial direction is defined as a width, and the dimension in the axial direction is defined as a height, the width is 0.1 mm-5 mm, and the height is 0.2 mm- 5mm. The explosion-proof enclosure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the central portion includes a first end surface close to the cavity and a second end surface opposite to the first end surface And/or the second end surface extends radially to form an extension, the extension at least partially covering the pressure relief portion. The explosion-proof casing according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a strip-shaped groove is formed on the surface of the housing body, and an extension line of the groove passes through the explosion-proof element. The explosion-proof casing according to claim 15, wherein there are a plurality of the grooves, and the plurality of the grooves are radial with the center of the explosion-proof element as the center. The explosion-proof casing according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the pressure relief portion is an inorganic non-metallic material. The explosion-proof casing according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the material of the pressure relief portion is glass or ceramic. The explosion-proof enclosure according to claim 2, wherein the material of the portion of the casing body that is sealingly connected to the pressure relief portion is tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, platinum, copper, aluminum, carbon steel, Kovar or stainless steel. The explosion-proof enclosure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the thermal expansion coefficient of the central portion is equal to the thermal expansion coefficient of the pressure relief portion, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the housing body is greater than or equal to the The coefficient of thermal expansion of the pressure relief section. An energy storage device, which includes an energy conversion element and an explosion-proof enclosure according to any one of claims 1-20. The energy storage device according to claim 21, wherein the energy storage device is a battery or a capacitor.

Images