TWM586193U - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A grinding machine with a grinding wheel includes a grinding wheel and a controller, in which the controller is used to control the wheel speed and the cutting depth that is generated by the grinding wheel, wherein the controller has an optimization module for obtaining a reference grinding map from a data platform and for operating to obtain a magnification to form an optimized grinding map.

Description

Grinder with grinding wheel

This creation provides a grinding machine with a grinding wheel, especially for the optimization of parameters used when grinding with a specific grinding wheel in a grinding machine, and an optimization method for grinding using a grinding wheel processing map.

Grinding is one of the precise machining methods. It requires high accuracy. For example, the accuracy requires an error within plus or minus 1 μm, and the surface quality is also high. Therefore, when grinding the end customer, it corresponds to different requirements. The material of the machined part needs to have the right kind of grinding wheel, and use the proper processing parameters with the proper machine characteristics in order to meet the requirements of accuracy and quality. However, processing parameters, such as the size of the grinding wheel used for grinding, the speed of the grinding wheel, and the depth of cut of the grinding wheel to the workpiece to be processed, etc., often take a lot of time to adjust and find, and use new workpieces and new types The matching of the grinding wheel needs to be adjusted in a few days and a few weeks in order to achieve a better precision finished product. In addition, if the existing and long-term workpieces to be processed are used with the existing grinding wheels, the processing parameters will also need to be adjusted due to the different machine characteristics of the grinding wheel. The adjustment time is a few hours and a long time. For a few days, it will still take a long time, which will increase the cost of manufacturing the workpiece.

In addition, most operators of this adjustment process need to have deep processing experience, that is, they need to be adjusted by a senior grinding master to achieve better accuracy and surface quality. Generally new After manual adjustment, it is difficult to meet the requirements of accuracy and quality; even if the standard is reached, the time it takes is far longer than the time required for a senior grinding master to adjust. Moreover, when making adjustments, the process parameters are adjusted only by the "feel" of the processing staff. There is no quantified result, which makes the senior grinding processing master teach or pass on the experience to novice operators. It is difficult to adjust the process of grinding process in general factories.

In order to improve the lack of existing technology, the present invention provides a grinding machine with a grinding wheel, which includes: a grinding wheel and a controller, wherein the controller is used to control the grinding wheel speed of the grinding wheel and the grinding depth of the grinding wheel. The group is used to obtain a reference processing map from a data platform, and to generate a zoom factor value to form an optimized processing map.

In addition, this creation provides a method for optimizing grinding wheel maps, including: using the controller of the grinding machine to obtain a reference processing map of the grinding wheel from a data platform. The reference processing map includes the value of the grinding line speed of the grinding wheel and the grinding and cutting of the grinding wheel under the ideal load rate The reference grinding parameter interval formed by the depth value; obtain the starting point at the ideal load rate in the reference grinding parameter interval. The starting point has the value of the first grinding wheel speed and the maximum cutting depth of the first grinding wheel; to use the grinding wheel The grinder is used for grinding, and the controller is used to set the grinding wheel to the first grinding wheel speed value. When the workpiece to be processed is ground to the first grinding wheel cutting depth value, the grinding machine outputs the first load factor; the controller is used to set the first load factor. Compared with the ideal load rate, when the first load rate is less than the ideal load rate, the estimated point (q _r ) is selected, and the estimated point (q _r ) has the same value of the first grinding wheel speed and greater than the starting point. The (r + 1) th grinding wheel maximum cutting depth value of the first grinding wheel maximum cutting depth value is selected when the first load ratio is greater than the ideal load ratio. q _r having the same starting point of the first polishing grinding wheel line speed, and smaller than the (r + 1) abrasive grinding wheel to the maximum value of the maximum depth of cut of the cutting depth value of the first grinding wheel, whereby to obtain a first (r + 1) Load Rate is equal to the ideal load factor, where r is a positive integer greater than 1; the controller is used to divide the maximum cutting depth of the (r + 1) th grinding wheel by the maximum cutting depth of the first grinding wheel to obtain a zoom magnification value; and The reference grinding parameter interval is scaled according to the zoom magnification value to obtain an optimized processing map.

The advantage of this creation is that using the optimization method of grinding wheel grinding technology provided by this creation, you can make systematic adjustments by quantifying the reference processing process parameters to quickly obtain accurate processing process parameters. Processing technology parameters can be stored in the controller or uploaded to the data platform, which can be the basis for the same type of workpieces to be processed for the same type of grinding wheel.

Another advantage of this creation is that as long as different processing machines (grinding machines) target the same type of workpiece to be processed and use the same type of wheel disc, the processing technology parameters of the combined workpiece, wheel and machine can be quickly established. In addition, the operator can also read the previous process parameters at any time, just like a senior grinding master is present at any time, making it easier, simpler and smarter to adjust the inheritance of grinding processes.

1‧‧‧ grinder

10‧‧‧ base

12‧‧‧ the first slide

14‧‧‧ transport

16‧‧‧Grinding wheel assembly

18‧‧‧ Grinding wheel

20‧‧‧Second slide

22‧‧‧Controller

201‧‧‧ Optimization Module

202‧‧‧Storage device

203‧‧‧ Comparator

204‧‧‧ Reader

205‧‧‧ Operator

206‧‧‧Input interface

30‧‧‧Processed workpiece

40‧‧‧ Data Platform

a, b, c, d, e, f

g, h, i, j, k, l‧‧‧ Optimize the boundary reference points of the processed map

m‧‧‧Critical grinding wheel cutting depth

s‧‧‧Critical grinding wheel speed

p‧‧‧ Intersection point of critical grinding wheel speed value and critical grinding wheel cutting depth

n‧‧‧Corresponds to the critical grinding wheel linear velocity value of point c and X coordinate

q‧‧‧estimate

R‧‧‧ Median value of grinding wheel speed of reference grinding map

F1 ~ F9, J1 ~ J2‧‧‧Steps to get zoom value

G1 ~ G4‧‧‧Steps to obtain optimized processing map

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a map processed according to the technique disclosed in this creation; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a grinding machine with a grinding wheel according to the technique disclosed in this creation; An internal schematic diagram of the optimized module structure in a grinder; Figure 4 is a flowchart of the calculation performed to obtain the zoom ratio value according to the technology disclosed in this creation; and Figure 5 is a diagram of the calculation performed according to the technology disclosed in this creation Flow chart to zoom the program to optimize the map.

In order for your reviewers to have a better understanding and approval of the structural purpose and effectiveness of this creation, we will explain it in detail with the illustrations below. The following will describe the technical means and effects used to achieve the purpose of cost creation with reference to the drawings, and the examples listed in the following drawings are only for the purpose of explanation for the benefit of the review members, but the technical means in this case are not limited to the enumeration Schema.

In this creation, the coordinate system shown is a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. The two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is represented by the (X, Y) data format. The two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system has two values, one is the X value and the other is the Y value. The X value refers to the X coordinate value, and the Y value refers to the Y coordinate value.

Please refer to FIG. 1 first. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing map (including a reference processing map and an optimized processing map) provided by the author. This processing map is an XY line chart composed of X-axis grinding wheel speed value (unit is m / min) and Y-axis grinding wheel cutting depth value (unit is μm). The scope of the processing map (that is, the grinding parameter area) is a polygonal area composed of multiple polylines and the X axis. The grinding parameter interval is defined so that the user can select the available grinding parameters in this polygonal area. In FIG. 1, the area surrounded by the boundary reference points a, b, c, d, e, and f in a straight line is referred to as a reference polishing parameter interval. According to the embodiment of this creation, the reference grinding parameter interval is a hexagon in the processing map, and the area surrounded by six reference points g, h, i, j, k, l connected by a straight line is called the best Chemical grinding parameter interval. The optimized grinding parameter interval is formed according to the zoom factor value obtained through calculation of the grinding parameter interval.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, when a grinding wheel supplier (hereinafter referred to as a grinding wheel factory) sells grinding wheels of different specifications to a workpiece processing plant, the reference processing map of the grinding wheel can be provided to the workpiece processing plant. In one embodiment, the grinding wheel factory can upload the reference processing map of the manufactured wheel on the data platform, and provide the QR code with the grinding wheel. Before processing in the processing factory, the QR code can be scanned by scanning the grinding wheel. The data platform obtains the reference processing map and directly transfers it to the controller of the grinder. The same grinding wheel corresponds to processing workpieces of different materials, or different specifications of grinding wheels correspond to processing workpieces of the same material, and there should be different corresponding reference processing maps.

Please continue to refer to Figure 1. The following briefly describes the process of forming a processed map. The grinding wheel factory can put the same specifications of the grinding wheel before leaving the factory to the grinding machine for trial grinding, and will use the grinding wheel to test the workpieces of different materials. The p point in Fig. 1 is the specification when the grinding wheel is manufactured. According to the particle size, size, adhesive, etc. used by the grinding wheel, under the optimal load rate (that is, the cutting force output by the grinding machine / rated torque of the grinding machine motor), the critical grinding wheel linear speed value of the grinding wheel theory and critical grinding wheel Cut the depth value and use this point to make two line segments parallel to the X and Y axes in the processing map. The two line segments intersect the X and Y axes at points s and m, respectively. The line formed by the three points m, p, and s and the area surrounded by the X and Y axes in the machining map are the critical machining ranges of the grinding wheel. The following describes a method for completing a reference processing map according to an embodiment of the present invention. The critical wheel grinding linear speed value of the wheel to the workpiece material (such as mold steel) is 2000 m / min, the critical grinding wheel cutting depth value is 30 μm, and the ideal load factor. 50% (cutting force 10N.m / motor rated torque 20N.m). When the cutting depth of the critical grinding wheel is exceeded, the particles on the grinding wheel will be directly peeled off, and the grinding wheel may be broken. During trial grinding, start grinding at a specific processing workpiece 30 (such as mold steel) at half the critical line speed of the critical wheel, ie 1000m / min, and record the load rate of the machine at the line speed of 1000m / min When the cutting force reaches 50% (that is, the cutting force reaches 10N.m / the rated torque of the motor is 20N.m), the maximum cutting depth of the grinding wheel (that is, the Y coordinate of point c on Fig. 1). The operator of Grinder 1 continued to gradually increase and decrease the value of the grinding wheel's linear speed. Tested at different values of the grinding wheel's linear speed, when the machine load rate reached 50% (ie, the cutting force reached 10N.m / motor rated torque 20N.m) The maximum cutting depth of the grinding wheel is obtained, so as to obtain the reference grinding parameter interval formed by the connecting lines of points a, b, c, d, e, and f in FIG. 1, that is, the reference processing map of the workpiece 30 by the grinding wheel; point a is The minimum linear speed of the grinding wheel for this workpiece is 800m / min. Point b is the maximum cutting depth of the grinding wheel corresponding to the minimum linear speed of the grinding wheel. The maximum cutting depth of the wheel is 10μm. With it, Until the X coordinate (1000m / min) of point c is exceeded, the maximum cutting depth of the grinding wheel (15 μm) will maintain the same value to point d. When the grinding line speed of the wheel increases to the X coordinate (1400m / min) of point d After that, the maximum cutting depth of the grinding wheel will decrease as the value of the X axis increases until the point e reaches the limit of 11 μm. The maximum linear grinding speed of the grinding wheel for the workpiece 30 is 1800 m / min at the f point. Grinding wheels of different specifications have different processing maps and different grinding parameter intervals for different materials.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 1. The hexagon surrounded by g, h, i, j, k, l is the optimized grinding parameter interval obtained after using the grinding wheel optimization method optimized by this creation. , That is, the optimized processing map. The user can obtain the zoom ratio value by using the optimization method of the grinding wheel grinding process mentioned in this creation. The reference grinding parameter interval is subsequently scaled by this zoom factor value to form an optimized grinding parameter interval. In this embodiment, the same grinding wheel is used for different grinding machines. Due to the different rigidity of the machine, under the same load factor, the optimized processing map of the machine will show a zoom ratio with the reference processing map at the factory. relationship.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 2, which is an embodiment of the present invention, and illustrates a schematic diagram of a grinding machine with a grinding wheel. The grinding machine 1 of this embodiment includes a base 10, and the base 10 is provided with a first slide rail 12 and a conveying member 14. The conveying member 14 can push the processing workpiece 30 to be ground horizontally along the slide rail 12 to the grinding wheel assembly. The position to be ground just below 16. The grinding wheel assembly 16 is provided with a grinding wheel 18, and the grinding wheel assembly 16 can be vertically moved along the second slide rail 20 to contact the processing workpiece to achieve a grinding process. The grinding machine 1 also has a controller 22, which can control the grinding wheel 18 and perform information connection with the data platform 40 to obtain a reference processing map of a specific grinding wheel corresponding to a specific processing workpiece. The data platform 40 may be constructed and provided by a grinding wheel factory, a processing factory, or a third party manufacturer that provides platform services. The controller 22 further includes an optimization module 201 for data calculation (as shown in FIG. 3). The grinding wheel 18 of the grinding machine 1 can be replaced according to different needs of the operator, for example, when a workpiece of different materials needs to be ground.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 3, which shows an internal schematic diagram of the optimized module structure in the grinding machine 1 with a grinding wheel. The optimization module 201 includes a storage device 202, a comparator 203, and a read 器 204 和 operative calculator 205. The optimization module 201 uses the storage device 202 to store the reference processing map provided by the grinding wheel factory, and uses the comparator 203, the reader 204, and the computing unit 205 to calculate an optimized zoom ratio value according to the reference processing map. This generates an optimized processing map. In this embodiment, the optimization module 201 is generally a microprocessor or an embedded system. Furthermore, the storage device 202 is a non-volatile memory or a hard disk, so that the grinding machine 1 can continue to save the processing map when the power of the grinder 1 is turned off. Referring to FIG. 2, the controller 22 may also upload the optimized processing map to the data platform 40 to build a more complete reference processing map database.

Next, a detailed process flow of how to obtain the zoom factor is explained. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 at the same time, wherein FIG. 4 shows a calculation flowchart for obtaining a zoom ratio value. The steps F1 to F9 and steps J1 to J2 in the calculation process are described in detail below.

Step F1: Use the controller 22 of the grinder 1 to obtain the reference processing map of the grinding wheel 18 from the data platform 40, and the critical grinding wheel linear velocity value, critical grinding wheel cutting depth value of the grinding wheel 18 to the workpiece 30, and the ideal load rate (i.e. Grinder output cutting force / motor rated torque) three parameters. According to the embodiment of the present creation, the critical grinding wheel linear velocity value of the grinding wheel 18 to the workpiece 30 is 2000 m / min, the critical grinding wheel cutting depth value is 30 μm, and the ideal load factor (that is, the cutting force output by the machine / the The rated torque of the motor is 50% (the rated torque of the motor is 20N.m, and the cutting force output by the machine is 10N.m). The three parameters of step F1 are provided by the wheel factory. Obtained by the reader 204 in the optimization module 201, so as to obtain the starting point of the reference grinding parameter interval under the ideal load rate, for example, the intermediate linear speed value of the grinding wheel in the grinding wheel working area is 1000 m / min (the value of the first grinding wheel linear velocity) to perform step F2.

Step F2: The intermediate linear velocity value of the grinding wheel corresponds to the X coordinate of point c of the reference processing map, and point c is the starting point. In this step, the reader 204 in the optimization module 201 is used to obtain the reference processing map. The coordinate value of point c is the first grinding wheel linear velocity value of 1000 m / min (X coordinate), and the first grinding wheel is ground. The maximum cutting depth is 15 μm (Y coordinate), and the load rate of the grinder (that is, the ideal load rate) is 50% (the cutting force is 10N.m / the rated torque of the motor is 20N.m). Followed by step F3.

Step F3: Perform the trial grinding on the grinder 1 with the coordinate value of point c, that is, the grinding wheel linear speed value of 1000 m / min (X coordinate), and the maximum cutting depth of the grinding wheel is 15 μm (Y coordinate), and record this with the controller 22. Load rate at the time (that is, the first load rate).

Step J1: Use the comparator 203 in the optimization module 201 in the controller to compare the first load rate obtained in step F3 with the ideal load rate of the c-coordinate. If the first load rate is less than the ideal load rate, it means that the machine has greater rigidity, and the same grinding wheel linear speed and load rate can achieve a larger value of the grinding wheel cut depth; the optimized processing map of the machine will be relatively The range of the reference processing map is larger, and step F4 can be performed. Similarly, if the first load rate is greater than the ideal load rate, it means that the machine has less rigidity, and the same grinding wheel speed and load rate can only achieve a small depth of cut; the machine's optimized processing The map will be smaller than the reference processed map. Go to step F5.

Step F4: The optimized processing map of the machine will have a larger range than the reference processing map, so the point X with the same X value and the Y value of the critical wheel grinding depth of the wheel will be found. Using the calculator 205 in the optimization module 201 to calculate the center points of the n and c coordinates to obtain a first estimated point q ₁ , the grinding wheel cutting depth value is greater than the first largest grinding wheel cutting depth value In this embodiment, the coordinate of the q ₁ point is (1000, 22.5), and then step F6 is performed.

Step F5: The optimized processing map of this machine will have a smaller range than the reference processing map, so the point with the same X value as point c and the grinding depth of the grinding wheel will be 0. Use the optimization model The arithmetic unit 205 in the group 201 calculates the center point of the point c and the (Xc, 0) coordinate to obtain the first estimated point q _1. The grinding wheel cutting depth value is smaller than the maximum grinding depth of the first grinding wheel. , The coordinate of the q ₁ point in the force is (1000, 7.5), and then step F6 is performed.

Step F6: After r selections and comparisons (where r is a positive integer greater than 1), obtain the grinding wheel grinding linear velocity value and grinding wheel cutting depth value of the estimated point q _r to obtain the (r + 1) th The load factor is followed by step J2.

Step J2: Using the comparator 203 in the optimization module 201, comparing the (r + 1) th load rate obtained in step F6 with the ideal load rate of the coordinates of point c to confirm the (r + 1) th load rate Whether it is equal to the ideal load rate. It is noted that according to the setting of the user, the difference between the (r + 1) th load rate and the ideal load rate may have an allowable error value, so that the controller 22 can complete the calculation of the optimized processing map more quickly. . The allowable error value is a value set by the user according to the required calculation time. Usually, the allowable error value is 1 to 2% of the ideal load factor. For example, if the user wants to obtain the zoom ratio value faster, the error value can be set larger. In this embodiment, the allowable error value is plus or minus 0.15N. m (1.5%). If the difference between the (r + 1) th load factor of the estimated point and the load factor of the c-coordinate is smaller than the allowable error value, step F7 may be performed. If the difference between the load factor of the estimated point and the load factor of the c-coordinate is greater than the allowable error value, step F8 is required.

Step F7: Using the calculator 205 in the optimization module 201, the Y value of the estimated point q _r (the (r + 1) th grinding wheel cutting depth value) and the c value of the c point (the first grinding wheel cutting depth value) Value) to obtain a zoom ratio value, and store the zoom ratio value in the storage device 202 in the optimization module 201. Go to step F9 to end this process.

Step F8: optimization module 201 using the arithmetic unit 205, to then take the estimated points q and _r c between the center point a point, this estimation center point for the next point, and then step F6 Step J2, After that, the binary approximation method is repeated repeatedly until the difference between the load factor at the estimated point q _r (the r + 1th load factor) and the coordinates of the point c is less than the allowable error value.

After obtaining the zoom magnification value of the optimized processing map of the grinding machine according to the above process, the reference processing map can be scaled by the user or the controller 22 of the grinding machine 1 to obtain the optimized processing map. Finally, the detailed process of scaling graphics will be explained. Please refer to FIG. 5, which illustrates a flowchart of performing a zooming procedure to obtain an optimized processing map. Each step G1 ~ G4 in the calculation process will be detailed later.

Step G1: The computing unit 205 of the controller 22 refers to the maximum grinding wheel linear velocity value (1800 m / min in the embodiment provided by the author) and the minimum grinding wheel linear velocity value (800 m / min), calculate the coordinates of the center reference point R of the reference processing map as (1300,0) (as shown in FIG. 1), and obtain this center reference point R with the reader 204. Set the R point as the center point of the graphic scaling, and then proceed to step G2.

Step G2: Calculate a vector from each of the reference processing map boundary reference points a, b, c, d, e, and f to the central reference point R by the operator 205. For example, the vector of a-R is (-500,0), the vector of c-R is (-300,15), and so on, and then step G3 is performed.

Step G3: Multiply the above vectors by the calculator 205 by the zoom ratio value obtained in the flow of FIG. 4 and add the coordinate value of R to obtain the coordinate value of each boundary reference point of the optimized processing map. For example, the coordinate value of point g is a vector of aR (-500,0) multiplied by the zoom factor value of 9/5, and the coordinate of R is (1300,0). The coordinate of point g is (400,0). By analogy, the coordinates of points g, h, i, j, k, and l of the optimized processing map are obtained to define the scope of the optimized processing map. Followed by step G4.

Step G4: Use the storage device 202 of the controller 22 to store the above coordinate values and the optimized processing map for further adjustment later. The calculator 205 can use electronic spreadsheet software, including Microsoft Excel®, VisiCalc® in the storage device of the Apple II controller, Numbers® included in the Mac OS X operating system, and the like. Any electronic spreadsheet with data entry and charting functions can be used.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the user can control the controller 22 by using the input interface 206 of the controller 22 of the grinder 1 or by using an external device (not shown). The external device can be a personal mobile assistant (PDA), a smartphone, or a computer.

The above-mentioned embodiment of performing the zooming process is to use the obtained zoom magnification value to perform zooming. By processing the reference parameters in the map, the optimized grinding parameter interval can be processed according to the reference of the grinding wheel factory, and can be based on the grinding machine's reference. Quickly optimize features, constantly update and strengthen the data platform, Make the optimized processed map more practical. Compared with traditionally based on the experience of senior personnel, without quantitative data and slower adjustment of workpiece parameters, the optimization method of the grinding wheel grinding process composed of the obtained zoom magnification value and zooming process provided by this creation can be fast It can quantify the best grinding parameters that can be performed, and can store and repeat the optimization of the data, so that the experience can be passed on and the data can be continuously updated according to the actual processing conditions.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of this creation, and is not intended to limit the scope of rights of this creation. At the same time, the above description should be clear and practicable to those skilled in the relevant technical field, because others do not depart from the spirit disclosed by this creation. Equivalent changes or modifications should be included in the scope of patent application.

Claims (4)

A grinding machine with a grinding wheel includes: the grinding wheel; and a controller for controlling a grinding line speed and a grinding depth of the grinding wheel of the grinding wheel, wherein the controller includes an optimization module for obtaining data from The platform obtains a reference processing map, and calculates a zoom factor to generate an optimized processing map. The grinding machine with a grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the optimization module includes a storage device for storing the reference processing map and the zoom factor. The grinding machine with a grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the optimization module includes an arithmetic unit for calculating the zoom ratio value. The grinding machine with a grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the optimization module includes a reader for reading the reference processing map.