CN210849444U - Grinding machine with grinding wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grinding machine with emery wheel, it includes: the controller is used for controlling the grinding linear speed of the grinding wheel and the grinding depth value of the grinding wheel, and comprises an optimization module used for obtaining a reference processing map from a data platform and calculating to generate a scaling factor value so as to form an optimized processing map.

Description

Grinding machine with grinding wheel

Technical Field

The utility model provides a grinding machine with emery wheel, especially to the optimization of the parameter that adopts when grinding with specific emery wheel in the grinding machine to and the optimization method that utilizes the emery wheel processing map to grind.

Background

Grinding is one of precise processing methods, and has high precision requirements, for example, the precision requirement error is within plus or minus 1 μm, and the surface quality requirement is high, so when grinding is performed by a terminal customer, the requirements of precision and quality can be met by having suitable grinding wheel types corresponding to different materials to be processed and using suitable processing parameters in cooperation with suitable machine characteristics. However, the machining parameters, such as the size of the grinding wheel used for grinding, the rotation speed of the grinding wheel, the cutting depth of the grinding wheel on the workpiece to be machined, and the like, often require a lot of time to adjust and search, and the matching of the new workpiece to be machined and the new type of grinding wheel requires several days or several weeks to adjust, so as to achieve a finished product with better precision. Moreover, if the existing workpiece to be machined, which is used for a long time, and the existing grinding wheel are used in combination, the machining parameters need to be adjusted according to different machine characteristics of the grinding wheel, and the adjustment time is hours and days, which still needs to take a long time, thus increasing the cost for manufacturing the workpiece.

In addition, operators of the adjustment process mostly need to have deep processing experience, that is, the operators need to adjust by a skilled grinding and processing teacher to achieve better precision and surface quality, and the operators with new hands are difficult to achieve the precision and quality requirements after adjustment; the time spent, if it is to meet the standard, is far in excess of the time required for the senior grinding shop father to make an adjustment. In addition, when adjustment is carried out, the adjustment of the processing technology parameters only depends on the hand feeling called by processing personnel, and no quantized result exists, so that a senior grinding processing teacher and father teach or inherit experience to novice operators, and the grinding processing adjustment technology of a common factory is difficult to inherit.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For the disappearance of improving prior art, the utility model provides a grinding machine with emery wheel, it includes: the controller is used for controlling the grinding linear speed of the grinding wheel and the grinding depth value of the grinding wheel, and comprises an optimization module used for obtaining a reference processing map from a data platform and calculating to generate a scaling factor value so as to form an optimized processing map.

Further, the utility model provides an optimization method of emery wheel processing map, include: obtaining a reference processing map of the grinding wheel from the data platform by using a controller of the grinding machine, wherein the reference processing map includes a reference grinding parameter interval formed by a grinding line speed value of the grinding wheel and a grinding depth value of the grinding wheel under an ideal load rate; obtaining a starting point under the ideal load rate in the reference grinding parameter interval, wherein the starting point has a first grinding wheel grinding line speed value and a first grinding wheel grinding maximum cutting depth value; grinding by a grinding machine using a grinding wheel, setting the grinding wheel at a first grinding line speed value by a controller; recording a first load rate output by the grinding machine when a workpiece to be processed is ground to a first grinding wheel grinding depth value; comparing the first load rate with an ideal load rate by using a controller, wherein when the first load rate is less than the ideal load rate, an estimation point (qr) is selected, and the estimation point (qr) and a starting point have the same first grinding wheel grinding linear velocity value and a (r +1) th grinding wheel grinding maximum cut depth value which is greater than the first grinding wheel grinding maximum cut depth value, and when the first load rate is greater than the ideal load rate, the estimation point qr and the starting point have the same first grinding wheel grinding linear velocity and a (r +1) th grinding wheel grinding maximum cut depth value which is less than the first grinding wheel grinding maximum cut depth value are selected, thereby obtaining that the (r +1) th load rate is equal to the ideal load rate, wherein r is a positive integer greater than 1; dividing the (r +1) th grinding wheel grinding maximum cut depth value by the first grinding wheel grinding maximum cut depth value by using a controller to obtain a scaling factor value; and scaling the reference grinding parameter interval according to the scaling factor value to obtain an optimized processing map.

The utility model has the advantages that: use the utility model provides an optimization method of emery wheel grinding technology can borrow by the reference processing technology parameter of quantization, carries out systematic timing to obtain accurate processing technology parameter fast, this processing technology parameter can be stored in the controller again or upload the data platform moreover, can be for the emery wheel of the same model to the same kind wait to process the work piece and add the foundation in man-hour.

The utility model discloses another advantage lies in: different processing machines (grinding machines) can quickly establish processing technological parameters of the combination of the workpiece to be processed, the grinding wheel and the machine only by aiming at the same type of workpiece to be processed and using the grinding wheel with the same type. In addition, an operator can read the processing process parameters of any previous time at any time, and the grinding processing adjustment process is convenient, simple and intelligent as a senior grinding processing master is present at any time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process map according to the disclosed technology;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a grinding machine having a grinding wheel in accordance with the disclosed technique;

FIG. 3 is an internal schematic view of an optimized module configuration in a grinding machine having a grinding wheel in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating the algorithm performed to obtain a zoom ratio value according to the disclosed technique; and

fig. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a scaling procedure for obtaining an optimized process map according to the disclosed technique.

1 grinding machine

10 base

12 first slide rail

14 conveyor

16 grinding wheel assembly

18 grinding wheel

20 second slide rail

22 controller

201 optimization module

202 storage device

203 comparator

204 reader

205 arithmetic unit

30 machining a workpiece

40 data platform

a, b, c, d, e, f referring to the boundary reference point of the processing map

g, h, i, j, k, l optimizing boundary reference points of a process map

m critical grinding wheel grinding depth value

s critical grinding wheel grinding linear velocity value

Intersection point of p-critical grinding wheel grinding linear velocity value and critical grinding wheel cutting depth value

n is the critical grinding wheel grinding line speed value corresponding to the X coordinate of the point c

q estimated value

R-reference median of grinding linear velocity of grinding wheel of machining map

F1-F9, J1-J2 obtaining zoom ratio value

Steps performed by G1-G4 to obtain an optimized process map

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to make the present invention more comprehensible and recognizable in terms of structural purposes and functions, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The technical means and functions used for achieving the purpose of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, and the embodiments illustrated in the following drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are understood by the examination committee, but the technical means of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated drawings.

In the present invention, the coordinate system shown is a two-dimensional cartesian coordinate system (cartesian coordinate system). The two-dimensional cartesian coordinate system is represented in data format (X, Y), having two values, one being the X value and the other being the Y value. Wherein the X value is an X coordinate value and the Y value is a Y coordinate value.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing map (including a reference processing map and an optimized processing map) provided by the present invention. The machining map is an XY-line diagram composed of an X-axis representing a grinding line velocity value (in m/min) of the grinding wheel and a Y-axis representing a grinding depth value (in μm) of the grinding wheel. The processing map (i.e. the polishing parameter area) is a polygonal area formed by a plurality of broken lines and an X-axis, and defines a polishing parameter interval for a user to select an available polishing parameter in the polygonal area. In fig. 1, the area surrounded by the boundary reference points a, b, c, d, e, and f connected by straight lines is referred to as a reference polishing parameter interval. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the reference polishing parameter interval is a hexagon in the processing map, and the area surrounded by the six boundary reference points g, h, i, j, k, l by the straight line connection is called the optimized polishing parameter interval. The optimized grinding parameter interval is formed according to the scaling factor value obtained by calculating the grinding parameter interval.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, when a grinding wheel supplier (hereinafter referred to as a grinding wheel factory) sells grinding wheels of different specifications to a workpiece processing factory, the reference processing map of the grinding wheel can be provided to the workpiece processing factory. In one embodiment, a grinding wheel factory can upload a reference machining map of a grinding wheel from a factory to a data platform and provide a QRcode with the grinding wheel, and the QRcode scanning of the grinding wheel can be used to obtain the reference machining map from the data platform before machining in the factory, and the reference machining map can be directly transmitted to a controller of a grinding machine. The same grinding wheel corresponds to processing workpieces of different materials, or the grinding wheels of different specifications correspond to processing workpieces of the same material, and different corresponding reference processing maps are provided.

Please continue to refer to fig. 1. The process of forming the machined map is briefly described below. The grinding wheel factory can firstly install the grinding wheel with the same specification before leaving the factory on a grinding machine for trial grinding, and can use the grinding wheel to test the processing workpieces made of different materials. Point p in fig. 1 is a specification of the grinding wheel in manufacturing. According to the grain size, size and adhesive of the grinding wheel, the critical grinding linear speed value and critical grinding depth value of the grinding wheel can be determined under the optimal load rate (i.e. the cutting force output by the grinding machine/the rated torque of the grinding machine motor), and two segments parallel to the X axis and the Y axis in the processing map can be respectively formed according to the critical grinding linear speed value and the critical grinding depth value. The two lines intersect the X-axis and the Y-axis at the s-point and the m-point, respectively. The area surrounded by the straight line formed by the three points m, p and s and the X axis and the Y axis in the machining map is the critical machining range of the grinding wheel. In the following, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for finishing a reference machining map is described, in which the critical grinding wheel grinding linear velocity value of the grinding wheel to the workpiece material (e.g., die steel) is 2000m/min, the critical grinding wheel grinding depth value is 30 μm, and the ideal load factor is 50% (cutting force 10 n.m/motor rated torque is 20 n.m). When the grinding depth of the grinding wheel exceeds the critical value, the particles on the grinding wheel can be directly peeled off, and the grinding wheel also has the danger of being broken. In the trial grinding, the grinding of the specific workpiece 30 (e.g. die steel) is started at a speed which is half of the critical grinding wheel grinding linear speed, i.e. 1000m/min, and the grinding wheel grinding maximum cut depth value (i.e. Y coordinate of point c on fig. 1) when the machine table load rate reaches 50% (i.e. the cutting force reaches 10 n.m/motor rated torque 20n.m) is recorded at the grinding wheel grinding linear speed of 1000 m/min. The operator of the grinding machine 1 continuously and gradually increases and decreases the grinding line speed value of the grinding wheel, and tests the maximum cutting depth value of the grinding wheel when the loading rate of the grinding machine reaches 50% (namely the cutting force reaches 10 N.m/motor rated torque 20N.m) under different grinding line speed values, thereby obtaining a reference grinding parameter interval formed by connecting lines of points a, b, c, d, e and f in fig. 1, namely a reference processing map of the grinding wheel to the workpiece 30; the point a is the minimum linear velocity value of the grinding wheel grinding of the workpiece by the grinding wheel of 800m/min, the point b is the maximum cutting depth value of the grinding wheel grinding corresponding to the minimum linear velocity value of the grinding wheel grinding of 10 μm, when the linear velocity value of the grinding wheel grinding is increased, the maximum cutting depth value of the grinding wheel grinding is also increased until the maximum cutting depth value of the grinding wheel grinding (15 μm) exceeds the X coordinate (1000m/min) of the point c, the same value is maintained until the point d, when the linear velocity value of the grinding wheel grinding is increased to exceed the X coordinate (1400m/min) of the point d, the maximum cutting depth value of the grinding wheel grinding is decreased along with the increase of the X-axis value until the point e reaches the limit of 11 μm, and the maximum linear velocity value of the grinding wheel grinding of the workpiece 30 by the grinding wheel is f 1800. Grinding wheels of different specifications have different processing maps and grinding parameter intervals of different areas for processing workpieces of different materials.

Referring to fig. 1, the hexagon formed by g, h, i, j, k, and l is an optimized grinding parameter interval, i.e. an optimized processing map, obtained by using the method for optimizing the grinding wheel grinding process of the present invention. The user utilizes the utility model discloses a emery wheel grinding process optimization method mentioned can obtain the scaling power value. And then, the scaling factor value is scaled to the reference polishing parameter interval to form an optimized polishing parameter interval. In this embodiment, the same grinding wheel is used for different grinding machines, and due to the different rigidity of the machine table, the optimized machining map of the machine table and the reference machining map at the time of factory shipment exhibit a scaling magnification relationship under the same load factor.

Referring next to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a grinding machine with a grinding wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention. The grinding machine 1 of the present embodiment includes a base 10, a first slide rail 12 and a conveying member 14 are disposed on the base 10, and the conveying member 14 can horizontally push a workpiece 30 to be ground along the slide rail 12 to a position to be ground right below a grinding wheel assembly 16. The grinding wheel assembly 16 is provided with a grinding wheel 18, and the grinding wheel assembly 16 can vertically move along a second slide rail 20 to contact a workpiece to be ground. The grinding machine 1 further comprises a controller 22 for controlling the grinding wheel 18 and for performing an information connection with the data platform 40 to obtain a reference machining map of a specific grinding wheel corresponding to a specific workpiece to be machined. The data platform 40 may be constructed and provided by a grinding wheel factory, a manufacturing plant, or a third party vendor that provides platform services. The controller 22 further includes an optimization module 201 (shown in FIG. 3) for data calculation. The grinding wheel 18 of the grinding machine 1 can be replaced according to different requirements of the operator, for example when workpieces of different materials need to be ground.

Referring next to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optimized module configuration of the grinding machine 1 with a grinding wheel. The optimization module 201 includes a storage device 202, a comparator 203, a reader 204, and an operator 205. The optimization module 201 uses the storage device 202 to store a reference machining map provided by the grinding wheel factory, and uses the comparator 203, the reader 204 and the calculator 205 to calculate an optimized scaling factor value according to the reference machining map, thereby generating an optimized machining map. In the present embodiment, the optimization module 201 is generally a microprocessor (microprocessor) or an embedded system. Furthermore, the storage device 202 is a non-volatile memory or a hard disk, so that the processing map can be continuously saved when the grinding machine 1 is powered off. Referring to fig. 2, the controller 22 may also upload the optimized tooling map to the data platform 40 to construct a more complete reference tooling map database.

The following describes a detailed procedure of how to obtain the zoom magnification value. Please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 4, wherein fig. 4 shows a flowchart of the calculation performed to obtain the scaling factor value. The following describes in detail the steps F1 to F9 and the steps J1 to J2 in the calculation flow.

Step F1: a reference machining map of the grinding wheel 18 is obtained from the data platform 40 by the controller 22 of the grinding machine 1, and three parameters of a critical grinding line speed value, a critical grinding depth value and an ideal load factor (i.e. output cutting force/motor rated torque of the grinding machine) of the grinding wheel 18 to the workpiece 30 are obtained. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the critical grinding wheel grinding linear velocity value of the grinding wheel 18 to the workpiece 30 is 2000m/min, the critical grinding wheel grinding depth value is 30 μm, and the ideal load rate (i.e. the cutting force output by the machine/the motor rated torque of the machine) is 50% (the motor rated torque is 20n.m, the cutting force output by the machine is 10 n.m). The three parameters of step F1 are all provided by the grinding wheel house. The data is obtained by the reader 204 in the optimization module 201, so as to obtain the grinding wheel grinding median linear velocity value of 1000m/min (the first grinding wheel grinding linear velocity value) at the starting point of the ideal load factor in the reference grinding parameter interval, for example, the grinding wheel working interval, so as to perform step F2.

Step F2: and the grinding wheel grinding intermediate linear speed value corresponds to the X coordinate of the point c of the reference machining map, and the point c is taken as a starting point. In this step, the coordinate value of the point c in the obtained reference processing map is obtained by the reader 204 in the optimization module 201, and the coordinate value is the first grinding wheel linear speed value 1000m/min (X coordinate), the maximum cutting depth value of the first grinding wheel grinding is 15 μm (Y coordinate), and the load factor of the grinding machine (i.e. the ideal load factor) is 50% (the cutting force is 10 n.m/the motor rated torque 20 n.m). Step F3 is subsequently performed.

Step F3: and (3) trial grinding is carried out on the grinding machine 1 by using the coordinate value of the point c, namely the grinding linear velocity value of the grinding wheel (X coordinate) and the maximum cutting depth value of the grinding wheel (Y coordinate) of 15 microns, and the load rate (namely the first load rate) at the moment is recorded by the controller 22.

Step J1: the first load rate obtained in step F3 is compared with the ideal load rate of the c-coordinate by comparator 203 in optimization module 201 in the controller. If the first load rate is smaller than the ideal load rate, the rigidity of the machine is higher, and the same grinding linear speed and load rate of the grinding wheel can reach a larger grinding depth value of the grinding wheel; the optimized process map of the tool may have a larger range than the reference process map, and step F4 may be performed. Similarly, if the first load rate is greater than the ideal load rate, the rigidity of the machine is low, and the same grinding wheel grinding line speed value and the same load rate can only achieve a small cutting depth value; the optimized process map of the tool is smaller than the reference process map, and step F5 is performed.

Step F4: the optimized machining map of the machine will be wider than the reference machining map, so that n points having the same X value as the point c and the Y value being the critical grinding wheel grinding depth of the grinding wheel are found, the central point of the coordinates of the n points and the c point is calculated by the calculator 205 in the optimization module 201 to obtain a first estimated point q1, the grinding depth of the grinding wheel is greater than the first maximum grinding depth of the grinding wheel, in this embodiment, the coordinate of the point q1 is (1000,22.5), and then step F6 is performed.

Step F5: the optimized machining map of the machine is smaller than the reference machining map, and therefore, a point having the same X value as the point c and the grinding wheel grinding depth of cut value of 0 is found out, the calculator 205 in the optimization module 201 is used to calculate the center point of the coordinates of the point c and the (Xc,0) to obtain a first estimated point q1, the grinding wheel grinding depth of cut value of which is smaller than the first grinding wheel grinding maximum depth of cut value, at this time, the coordinate of the point q1 in the force application is (1000,7.5), and then step F6 is performed.

Step F6: after r times of selection and comparison (wherein r is a positive integer greater than 1), the grinding wheel grinding line speed value and the grinding wheel grinding depth value of the estimation point qr are obtained, grinding is carried out, the (r +1) th load factor is obtained, and then the step J2 is carried out.

Step J2: the (r +1) th load rate obtained in step F6 is compared with the ideal load rate of the coordinates of point c by the comparator 203 in the optimization module 201, and it is confirmed whether the (r +1) th load rate is equal to the ideal load rate. It is noted that, according to the user's setting, the difference between the (r +1) th load rate and the ideal load rate can have an allowable error value, so that the controller 22 can complete the operation of optimizing the processing map more quickly. The allowable error value is a value set by a user according to the required operation time, and is usually 1-2% of the ideal load factor. For example, if the user wants to obtain the zoom ratio value faster, the error value can be set larger. In this embodiment, the tolerance value is plus or minus 0.15N.m (1.5%). If the difference between the (r +1) th load rate of the estimation point and the load rate of the c coordinate is smaller than the allowable error value, step F7 may be performed. If the difference between the load factor of the estimated point and the load factor of the c coordinate is greater than the allowable error value, step F8 is performed.

Step F7: the Y value (the (r +1) th grinding wheel grinding depth value) at the estimated point qr is divided by the Y value (the first grinding wheel grinding depth value) at the point c by using the operator 205 in the optimization module 201 to obtain a scaling factor value, and the scaling factor value is stored in the storage device 202 in the optimization module 201. The process proceeds to step F9, and the flow ends.

Step F8: the operator 205 in the optimization module 201 is used to obtain a center point between the estimated point qr and the point c, which is the next estimated point, and then the steps F6 and J2 are performed, and then the binary approximation is repeated until the difference between the load factor (the (r +1) th load factor) of the estimated point qr and the coordinate of the point c is smaller than the allowable error value.

After obtaining the scaling factor value of the optimal processing map of the grinding machine according to the above process, the user can set the scaling factor value or the controller 22 of the grinding machine 1 can automatically set the scaling factor value of the reference processing map to obtain the optimal processing map. Finally, the detailed flow of zooming is described. Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a scaling procedure to obtain an optimized process map. The following will describe each step G1-G4 in the calculation flow.

Step G1: the arithmetic unit 205 of the controller 22 calculates the coordinates of the center reference point R of the reference machining map as (1300,0) (as shown in fig. 1) by using the maximum grinding wheel grinding line velocity value (1800 m/min in the embodiment) and the minimum grinding wheel grinding line velocity value (800 m/min in the embodiment) of the reference machining map, and obtains the center reference point R by using the reader 204. The R point is set as the center point of the graphic zoom, followed by step G2.

Step G2: the arithmetic unit 205 calculates the vectors from the points of the reference points a, b, c, d, e, f of the boundary of the reference processing map to the center reference point R. For example, the vector a-R is (-500,0), the vector c-R is (-300,15), and so on, followed by step G3.

Step G3: the operator 205 multiplies the vectors by the scaling factor obtained by the flow of fig. 4, and adds the coordinate value of R to obtain the coordinate values of the boundary reference points of the optimized processing map. For example, the coordinate value of g point is a vector (-500,0) of a-R multiplied by the scaling factor value 9/5, and the coordinate of R is added (1300,0), so as to obtain the coordinate of g point as (400,0), and so on to obtain the coordinates of g, h, i, j, k, l points of the optimized processing map, so as to define the range of the optimized processing map. Step G4 follows.

Step G4: the coordinate values and the optimized machining map are stored by the storage device 202 of the controller 22 for further adjustment. The computing unit 205 may be implemented by spreadsheet software, including Microsoft Windows

In storage devices for apple type II controllers

Attached to MacOSX operating system

And so on. Any electronic spreadsheet having data entry and charting functions may be used.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the user may control the controller 22 of the grinding machine 1 using the input interface 206 of the controller 22 or using an external device (not shown). The external device may be a personal mobile assistant (PDA), a smart phone, or a computer.

The embodiment of the scaling process utilizes the obtained scaling factor value to scale, and through the reference parameters in the processing map, the optimized grinding parameter interval can be rapidly optimized according to the reference processing map of the grinding wheel factory and the characteristics of the grinding machine, and the data platform is continuously updated and reinforced, so that the optimized processing map has higher practicability. Compared with the traditional method which can only transmit, non-quantitative data and slower adjusting workpiece parameters according to experience of deep personnel, the utility model provides an optimization method for obtaining the grinding wheel grinding process consisting of the scaling factor value and the scaling process can quickly and quantitatively obtain the best grinding parameters which can be carried out, and can store and repeatedly optimize the data, so that the experience can be transmitted and the data can be continuously updated according to the actual processing condition.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; while the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A grinding machine having a grinding wheel, comprising:

the grinding wheel; and

the controller is used for controlling a grinding wheel grinding linear speed and a grinding wheel grinding depth value of the grinding wheel, and comprises an optimization module used for obtaining a reference processing map from a data platform and calculating to generate a zoom factor value so as to form an optimized processing map.

2. The grinding machine of claim 1 wherein the optimization module includes a storage device for storing the reference machining map and the scaling factor value.

3. The grinding machine of claim 1 wherein the optimization module includes a calculator for calculating the scaling factor value.

4. The grinding machine with the grinding wheel of claim 1, wherein the optimization module includes a reader for reading the reference process map.

5. The grinding machine with the grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel is attached with QR code or any electronic tag for storing an initial machining map provided by a grinding wheel factory.

6. The grinding machine with grinding wheel of claim 1, wherein the optimization module includes a transmitter for transmitting the initial machining map and the scaling factor to the cloud platform.

Images