TWM535260U - Turbocharger - Google Patents

Description

Turbocharger

This creation is related to gas turbine installations; in particular, a turbocharger.

The turbocharger is an air compressor that drives the exhaust gas generated by the operation of the engine through a structure composed of a stator and a rotor, and then compresses a large amount of gas into the combustion chamber of the engine at a high pressure, so that the engine generates a large power. It is commonly used in car engines.

The basic structure of the turbocharger includes a base, a turbine blade and a compression blade, and the turbine blade and the compression blade are respectively connected to both ends of a rotating shaft in the base. In principle, the exhaust gas emitted by the engine first drives the turbine blades to rotate, and then the rotating blades drive the rotation of the blades, and since the compression blades are disposed between the air filter and the intake manifold, the compression blades can force the fresh air under high pressure. Enter the engine combustion chamber.

In order to ensure long-term stable operation, the turbocharger relies on the continuous introduction of engine oil for lubrication, because the shaft of the turbocharger is supported by the two bushing bearings in the base of the turbocharger. And the rotation speed of the blade and the rotating shaft at full speed is as high as 200,000 rpm. At this time, the high-pressure engine oil is continuously supplied to the rotating shaft and the copper sleeve bearing, which can reduce the friction between the copper sleeve bearing and the rotating shaft.

In addition, in addition to lubrication, the oil is more important to quickly remove the high heat of the shaft to the turbine end bearing for cooling. Due to the exhaust gas of the engine, the temperature is 600 °C. ~700 ° C, even at 1,000 ° C, so even a short period of insufficient oil pressure can cause irreparable damage to the turbocharger. Furthermore, according to the ideal gas equation, an increase in the temperature of the gas causes its volume to expand, causing the amount of air entering the combustion chamber of the engine to decrease, resulting in a decrease in thermal efficiency. In addition to the high temperature problem of the shaft at the turbine end, in addition to the above oil cooling system, the current turbocharger further includes a water cooling system to further reduce the high temperature generated when the shaft rotates.

Since the oil passages and water passages of the oil cooling system and the water cooling system are required to surround the bearings disposed on the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft, and the oil passages and the water passages are prevented from communicating with each other, the oil passages and water passages are directly formed on the base. At present, the base of the commercially available turbocharger is a single-piece object made by sand casting, which not only increases the cost of manufacturing the core, but also is based on the limitation of the manufacturing method, and the inner oil passage and the water channel. The sand with a rough wall and easy to retain the sand core affects the smooth flow of the oil and the cooling water, thereby affecting the lubrication and cooling effect.

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a turbocharger in which the oil passage and the water passage inside the base are made by machining, so that the inner walls of the oil passage and the water passage are flat, so that the oil and the cooling water are The flow is smooth; in addition, the oil passage and the water passage are not in communication with each other in the base.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a turbocharger comprising a base and a blade set, wherein the base comprises a body and a cover. The main body has an oil passage and a water passage, and the oil passage and the water passage do not communicate with each other, and a first opening and a second opening are respectively formed at the first end of the main body. The first end of the main body has a first sealing portion, and the first sealing portion is formed around the first opening, and the second opening is located in a range surrounded by the first sealing portion. outer. The cover body is configured to close the first opening and the second opening, and a second sealing portion is formed at one end of the connection with the main body, and the first sealing portion is Corresponding and docking, whereby the seam of the cover and the body can be brought into close contact. The blade assembly is pivotally disposed on the base and includes a rotating shaft, a first blade and a second blade, wherein the rotating shaft extends through the base and the two ends thereof protrude outside the base. The first blade and the second blade are respectively disposed coaxially at the two ends of the rotating shaft, wherein the first blade is configured to receive the exhaust gas discharged by the engine, and the rotating shaft rotates by the airflow of the exhaust gas, and the second blade is driven by the The rotation of the shaft is rotated.

The effect of the present invention is that the base is composed of at least two components (the main body and the cover), so that the oil passage and the water passage in the base can be mechanically processed before the base is assembled. The flattening of the inner wall surface is performed, thereby improving the flow smoothness of the oil and the cooling water flowing therebetween. In addition, the tight bonding of the first adhesive portion and the second adhesive portion ensures that the oil passage and the water passage do not communicate with each other inside the base.

[this creation]

100‧‧‧ turbocharger

10‧‧‧ Pedestal

12‧‧‧ Subject

121‧‧‧ first end

121a‧‧‧ main opening

121A‧‧‧Main oil passage

121b‧‧ openings

121B‧‧‧ oil passage

121c‧‧‧ second opening

121C‧‧‧ Waterway

12A‧‧‧ Groove

14‧‧‧ Cover

14A‧‧‧ convex

20‧‧‧blade group

22‧‧‧ shaft

22F‧‧‧First ring groove

24‧‧‧First blade

26‧‧‧second blade

30‧‧‧ bushings

30F‧‧‧second ring groove

O1‧‧‧ inlet

O2‧‧‧ oil outlet

200‧‧‧ turbocharger

10A‧‧‧Base

40‧‧‧ Subject

42‧‧‧Upper subject

421‧‧‧ first end

42A‧‧‧ Groove

44‧‧‧Lower subject

1 is a perspective view of a turbocharger in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the turbocharger of the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a turbocharger of another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 is an exploded view of the turbocharger of the other embodiment of the present invention.

In order to explain the present invention more clearly, the preferred embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the turbocharger 100 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is made by machining or stamping and comprises a base 10, a blade set 20 and a sleeve 30. The base 10 includes a main body 12 and a cover body 14 . The main body 12 has a first end 121 , a first contact portion exemplified by the recess 12A , and penetrates the main body 12 but the main body 12 . An oil passage and a water passage 121C are not connected to each other, wherein the oil passage forms a first opening at the first end 121. In this embodiment, the oil passage includes a main oil passage 121A and a primary oil passage 121B. The main oil passage 121A and the secondary oil passage 121B respectively form a main opening 121a and a primary opening 121b at the first end 121, and the main opening 121a communicates with the secondary opening 121b; the water passage 121C is at the first The end 121 forms a second opening 121c.

The groove 12A is formed around the main opening 121a and the secondary opening 121b, and the second opening 121c is located outside the range surrounded by the groove 12A. In addition, the cover 14 is fixed to the first end 121 of the main body 12 to close the main opening 121a, the secondary opening 121b and the second opening 121c, and one end of the cover 14 and the main body 12 is formed. The second contact portion, which is exemplified by the tenon 14A, corresponds to the groove 12A and is butted. The groove 12A and the tenon 14A are formed by machining, such as cutting and grinding, at the first end 121 of the main body 12 and one end of the cover 14.

The blade assembly 20 is pivotally disposed on the base 10 and includes a rotating shaft 22, a first blade 24 and a second blade 26, wherein the rotating shaft 22 extends through the base 10 and the two ends of the rotating shaft 22 protrude from the base The first blade 24 and the second blade 26 are respectively disposed coaxially at the two ends of the rotating shaft 22, wherein the first blade 24 is configured to receive the exhaust gas discharged by the engine, and the rotating shaft 22 is driven by the airflow of the exhaust gas. Rotating, and the second blade 26 is rotated by the rotation of the rotating shaft 22.

The first feature of the turbocharger 100 described above is that the oil passage and the water passage inside the base 10 are formed by machining (cutting or grinding) or press working, so that the conventional use of the core casting can be omitted. The cost of manufacturing the core required, and the inner wall of the oil passage and the waterway is relatively flat. Furthermore, the base is formed by combining the main body 12 and the cover body 14, so that the processability of the oil passage and the water passage can be improved; in detail, the base 10 can be passed by the processing personnel before the assembly is completed. The opening of the first end 121 of the main body 12 reduces the surface roughness of the channel wall surface of the main body 12 by grinding or processing (precision grinding or coating processing), and can effectively reduce the oil passage and the water channel wall surface due to the unevenness Unevenness hinders the flow of oil and cooling water.

Please refer to FIG. 4 to illustrate the flow direction of the oil in the oil passage when the turbocharger 100 is in operation. The side surface of the main body 12 defines an oil inlet O1 and an oil outlet O2. In addition, one end of the rotating shaft 22 adjacent to the first blade 24 has a first annular groove 22F, and the first annular groove 22F is located at the same In the oil passage between the cover body 14 and the main body 12; in addition, the sleeve 30 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 22, and the end of the sleeve 30 adjacent to the second vane 26 has a second annular groove 30F located at the main body In the oil passages within 12.

As shown by the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4, after the oil enters the main body 12 from the oil inlet O1, it first enters the main oil passage 121A and the inside of the sleeve 30, and part of the oil flows out through the openings at both ends of the main oil passage 121A. Thereafter, the first annular groove 22F and the second annular groove 30F are rotated by the high speed to be introduced into the secondary oil passage 121B, and finally the main body 12 is discharged from the oil outlet O2.

The second feature of the turbocharger 100 is that the oil can be quickly and smoothly flowed through the interior of the base 10 by the first annular groove 22F, the second annular groove 30F and the secondary oil passage 121B, and is more effective. The high temperature generated by the operation of the turbocharger 100 is reduced.

As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, the water channel 121C surrounds the main oil passage 121A and the secondary oil passage 121B for improving the cooling effect; and in order to prevent the oil passage from the water passage 121C Connected to each other, the groove 12A at the first end 121 of the main body 12 and the corresponding tenon 14A thereof can achieve a tight coupling, so that the oil does not penetrate into the water channel 121C even at a high speed flow, the same The cooling water in the water passage 121C is also less likely to penetrate into the main oil passage 121A or the secondary oil passage 121B.

In summary, the third feature of the present turbocharger 100 is that the effective relationship between the groove 12A and the tenon 14A prevents the oil passage from communicating with the water passage, and avoids the oil and the oil. The cooling water may pass through the risk of mixing the gap between the body 12 and the cover 14.

Certainly, the means for avoiding the communication between the oil passage and the water passage is not limited by the adhesion of the groove 12A and the tongue 14A, and may be vacuum-welded and screw-locked through the main body 12 and the cover body 14. Solid, adhesive, added gaskets, or other tight mechanical bonds to achieve.

Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , another embodiment of the turbocharger 200 includes the same cover 14 , the blade set 20 and the sleeve 30 as the turbocharger 100 described above, and the turbocharger The difference between the apparatus 100 is that the base 10A of the turbocharger 200 includes a main body 40 and the cover body 14, wherein the main body 40 is further divided into an upper main body 42 and a lower main body 44 which are detachable from each other. The upper body 42 has a first end 421 and a first contact portion exemplified by the groove 42A. The lower body 44 is fixed under the upper body 42.

In other words, the base 10 of the turbocharger 100 is a two-piece base, and the base 10A of the turbocharger 200 is a three-piece base. Therefore, in this embodiment, before the assembly of the main body 40 is completed, the processing personnel can reduce the channel wall surface inside the main body 40 through the first end 421 of the main body 40 or the other end opposite to the first end 421. The surface roughness is ground or processed (precision grinding or coating processing), compared to the turbocharger 100 of the previous embodiment, the turbocharger 200 of the present embodiment is designed such that the surface that can be processed is increased, and Can further improve the convenience of processing.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and equivalent changes to the scope of the present application and the scope of the patent application are intended to be included in the scope of the present patent.

10‧‧‧ Pedestal

12‧‧‧ Subject

121‧‧‧ first end

121a‧‧‧ main opening

121b‧‧ openings

121c‧‧‧ second opening

12A‧‧‧ Groove

14‧‧‧ Cover

14A‧‧‧ convex

20‧‧‧blade group

22‧‧‧ shaft

24‧‧‧First blade

26‧‧‧second blade

30‧‧‧ bushings

Claims (6)

A turbocharger includes: a base comprising a main body and a cover body, wherein the main body has a first end, a first tight portion, and an oil passage and a water passage respectively penetrating the main body, The oil passage and the water passage respectively form a first opening and a second opening at the first end, and the oil passage and the water passage do not communicate with each other inside the main body; the first close portion is formed around the first a periphery of the opening, wherein the second opening is outside the range surrounded by the first adhesive portion; wherein the cover is fixed to the first end of the body to close the first opening and the second opening, And the second end of the cover body and the main body is formed with a second adhesive portion corresponding to the first adhesive portion and butted; a blade group is pivoted on the base and includes a rotating shaft and a first blade And a second blade, wherein the rotating shaft extends through the base and the two ends of the rotating shaft protrude outside the base; the first blade and the second blade are respectively disposed coaxially at opposite ends of the rotating shaft, wherein the first The blade is used to receive the exhaust gas emitted by the engine, and the airflow band of the exhaust gas The axis of rotation, and the second blade driven by the spindle of the rotated. The turbocharger of claim 1, wherein the first close portion of the body surrounds a groove formed around the first opening, and the second close portion of the cover is associated with the groove Corresponding bulges. The turbocharger of claim 1, wherein the first opening of the base comprises a main opening and a primary opening, and the main opening is in communication with the secondary opening. The turbocharger of claim 3, wherein the rotating shaft has a first annular groove located in an oil passage between the cover and the body. The turbocharger according to claim 4, comprising a bushing sleeve disposed on the rotating shaft, and having a second annular groove at an end of the bushing adjacent to the second blade is located in an oil passage in the main body. The turbocharger of claim 1, wherein the body comprises a separable upper body and a lower body, the upper body having the first end and the first abutting portion; the lower body is fixed to the Below the upper body.