TWM521301U - Two path maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Dual maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device

The present invention relates to an off-grid solar inverter device, and in particular to an off-grid solar inverter device with two maximum power point tracking and a control method thereof.

Solar energy is a good choice for green clean energy. When solar panels are to absorb solar energy generated by sunlight, in order to improve power conversion efficiency, it is often necessary to use maximum power point tracking technology. Usually, a set of solar panels corresponds to a maximum power point tracking device. However, in practical applications, the difference in the setting of individual solar panels and the difference in environmental conditions will result in different solar power output, and the solar panels of each group need Tracking their respective maximum power points requires the user to configure a corresponding set of independent Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) devices for each set of solar panels. When the maximum power point tracking device corresponding to the solar panel is damaged, the user needs to purchase new equipment, which may cause inconvenience in equipment maintenance and instability of the solar collector system.

The present invention provides a dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device and a method for controlling the same, and uses two maximum power point tracking to realize dynamic adjustment power conversion and redundancy function. Thereby, off-grid solar inverter The device can be applied to two separate solar panel units.

The present invention provides a dual maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device, including a first maximum power point tracking unit, a second maximum power point tracking unit, and an inverter main control unit. The first maximum power point tracking unit is configured to couple the first solar panel unit to generate electrical energy. The second maximum power point tracking unit is configured to couple the second solar panel unit to generate electrical energy, wherein the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit are respectively generated from the first solar panel unit and the second solar panel unit After the power is passed through a combination of software and hardware, the competition mechanism becomes the first slave and the second slave, respectively. The inverter main control unit is coupled to the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit, and converts the electrical energy of the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit into direct current, and uses the direct current pair The battery is charged, and the power of the battery or the electrical energy generated by the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit is converted into alternating current to be supplied to the load. The inverter main control unit performs redundancy control on the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit. The inverter main control unit controls the output power of the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit according to the load size and the charging current set by the user to meet the charging and load requirements.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the inverter main control unit includes a DC conversion module, an AC/DC bidirectional conversion module, and a central controller. The DC conversion module is coupled to the first maximum power point tracking unit, the second maximum power point tracking unit, and the battery. The AC/DC bidirectional conversion module is coupled between the DC conversion module and the load. The central controller is coupled with a DC conversion module and an AC/DC bidirectional conversion module to control the DC conversion module and the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device further includes a grid input port, receives AC power of the grid, and the grid input port is coupled to the AC DC bidirectional conversion module.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device further includes a setting unit coupled to the inverter main control unit for the user to set recharging current.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the dual maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device further includes an external setting input port, coupled to the central controller, and providing an external setting signal to control the dual maximum power point tracking off-grid. Solar inverter device.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the inverter main control unit connects the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit through a serial communication interface (SCI).

In an embodiment of the present creation, the central controller is a microcontroller (MCU) or a central processing unit (CPU).

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit respectively have a microcontroller.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the external setting input port is a universal serial bus (USB), a communication interface (COM) or an RS232 port.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the external setting input is coupled to the central controller by a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) module.

In summary, the present embodiment provides a dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device and a control method thereof, and performs maximum power point tracking for two solar power sources, and according to the two solar powers. Redundancy control is performed for output to dynamically adjust power conversion, thereby increasing the efficiency with which the solar panel charges or charges the battery.

In order to further understand the features and technical contents of this creation, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings of this creation, but these descriptions and drawings are only used to illustrate this creation, not the right to this creation. The scope is subject to any restrictions.

MPPT1, MPPT2, 11, 12‧‧‧ maximum power point tracking unit

10‧‧‧Inverter

1‧‧‧Two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device

2‧‧‧Battery

3‧‧‧load

4‧‧‧Power grid

SCI‧‧‧Serial communication interface

A1‧‧‧First solar panel unit

A2‧‧‧second solar panel unit

111, 121‧‧‧Microcontroller

101a, 101b‧‧‧ solar input 埠

102‧‧‧Connector

13‧‧‧Inverter main control unit

14‧‧‧Setting unit

131‧‧‧DC Converter

132‧‧‧AC and DC bidirectional conversion module

133‧‧‧Central controller

134‧‧‧ switch

103‧‧‧Load connection埠

104‧‧‧Grid connection埠

105‧‧‧ dry joints

106‧‧‧Connected

107‧‧‧ card slot

106a‧‧ Interface

107a‧‧‧Simple Network Management Protocol Module

108‧‧‧Display module

109‧‧‧ function keys

PV1, PV2‧‧‧ solar power

PW1‧‧‧DC

PW2, PW3‧‧‧ AC

RPP, ON/OFF, PWM‧‧‧ control signals

OCP, OVP, NTC‧‧‧ work signals

POS+, NEG-, OP-L, OP-N, OP-G, IP-L, IP-N, IP-G‧‧‧ terminals

S310, S320, S330, S340‧‧‧ step process

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a two-way solar maximum power point tracking mechanism provided by the present embodiment.

2 is a two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid type sun provided by the present embodiment A circuit block diagram of an inverter device.

3 is a detailed circuit block diagram of a dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device provided by the present embodiment.

4 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device provided by the present embodiment.

[Embodiment of Dual Maximum Power Point Tracking Off-grid Solar Inverter Device]

The solar collectors are divided into a grid-connected type and an off-grid type. The grid-connected type can return power to the grid, while the off-grid type does not need to return power to the grid. The off-grid solar inverter device of this embodiment is realized by a two-way solar maximum power point tracking mechanism. Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a two-way solar maximum power point tracking mechanism provided by the present embodiment. This architecture can be combined with the assembly flexibility of the solar panels, so that a single off-grid solar inverter device can correspond to two sets of solar panels, and the operation is not limited to the power supply of any group of solar panels. In practical applications, due to changes in climatic environmental conditions, the power supply of each group of solar panels is not the same, that is, the power conversion size is not the same. With the architecture of the two-way solar maximum power point tracking mechanism of the embodiment, the dual maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device of the embodiment can maximize the power conversion and dynamically adjust the power conversion.

The two maximum power point tracking units MPPT1, MPPT2 and Inverter 10 are connected to each other by a communication interface, such as a serial communication interface (SCI). Taking the serial communication interface (SCI) as an example, the transmission signal terminal TXD of the maximum power point tracking unit MPPT1, MPPT2 and the reception signal terminal RXD are connected to the transmission signal terminal TXD and the reception signal terminal RXD of the inverter 10, that is, The inverter 10 and the maximum power point tracking units MPPT1, MPPT2 exchange messages with each other through the serial communication interface. The inverter 10 acts as a master to issue commands to the maximum power point tracking units MPPT1 and MPPT2, and immediately collects the maximum power point tracking units MPPT1 and MPPT2. Feedback message. The two maximum power point tracking units MPPT1 and MPPT2 are slaves, and simultaneously receive the command issued by the inverter 10 and determine the object of the command as the maximum power point tracking unit (MPPT1 or MPPT2) of the command object. The feedback is immediately made, and the feedback message is sent to the inverter 10.

In addition, the maximum power point tracking units MPPT1 and MPPT2 generate their own physical addresses through a competition mechanism composed of software and hardware, that is, they are automatically assigned as a first slave and a second slave. Exchange information. The so-called software and hardware competition mechanism is mainly to pre-set a common reference point on each slave. After the slave generates power, the state of the common reference point is observed through the software; the slave that first contacts the common reference point is defined as the first slave, and the slave that contacts the common reference point is the second slave.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a circuit block diagram of a dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device provided by the present embodiment. The dual maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device 1 includes a first maximum power point tracking unit 11, a second maximum power point tracking unit 12, an inverter main control unit 12, and a setting unit 14. The inverter main control unit 12 is coupled to the first maximum power point tracking unit 11, the second maximum power point tracking unit 12, and the setting unit 14. According to the architecture of FIG. 1, the maximum power point tracking unit 11 and the maximum power point tracking unit 12 respectively correspond to the maximum power point tracking unit MPPT1 and the maximum power point tracking unit MPPT2 of FIG. The inverter main control unit 13 corresponds to the inverter 10.

The first maximum power point tracking unit 11 is configured to couple the first solar panel unit A1 to generate electrical energy PV1. The second maximum power point tracking unit 11 is configured to couple the second solar panel unit A2 to generate the electrical energy PV2. The first solar panel unit A1 and the second solar panel unit A2 are solar power generation units independent of each other. As described above, the first maximum power point tracking unit 11 and the second maximum power point tracking unit 12 respectively generate electrical energy from the first solar panel unit A1 and the second solar panel unit A2, and then combine the soft and hard bodies. The competition mechanism is to become the first slave and the second slave respectively. The inverter main control unit 13 sets the first maximum power point tracking unit 11 and the second maximum The electric energy of the power point tracking unit 12 is converted into a direct current PW1, and the battery 2 is charged by the direct current PW1, and the electric power of the battery 2 or the electric energy generated by the first maximum power point tracking unit 11 and the second maximum power point tracking unit 12 is converted. The AC PW2 is supplied to the load 3. The inverter main control unit 13 performs redundancy control on the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit. The inverter main control unit 13 also dominates the output power of the first maximum power point tracking unit 11 and the second maximum power point tracking unit 12 according to the load size and the charging current set by the user through the setting unit 14 to satisfy the charging and the load. Demand.

Next, please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a detailed circuit block diagram of the off-grid solar inverter device provided by the present embodiment. The two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device 1 includes a maximum power point tracking unit 11, a maximum power point tracking unit 12, an inverter main control unit 13, a display module 108, function keys 109, and an external setting input.埠 (105, 106, 107) and its control circuits (106a, 107a). Display module 108, function keys 109, and external setting inputs 105 (105, 106, 107) are various implementations of setting unit 14 of FIG. For example, the display module 108 (such as a liquid crystal display module) and the function key 109 can be designed as a control panel, and the user can also operate the dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device directly on the control panel. 1 various functions and parameters control. The external setting input 埠 (105, 106, 107) and its control circuit (106a, 107a) will be described later.

The dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device 1 has a plurality of ports, including solar input ports 101a, 101b, a port 102 connecting the batteries 2, a load port 103 connecting the load 3, and a connection grid 4 The grid input 埠 104. The solar input ports 101a, 101b and the battery port 102 connecting the batteries 2 have two terminals POS+, NEG- to conduct direct current. The load port 103 and the grid input port 104 can each have three terminals to conduct AC power. The three terminals of the load port 103 are OP-L, OP-N, and OP-G. The three terminals of the power grid input port 104 are IP-L, IP-N, and IP-G, and are used to receive the AC power PW3 of the power grid. The power grid input port 104 is coupled to the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132 through the switch 134. External setting input埠 (105, 106, 107) coupled to the central controller 133, providing an external setting signal to control the dual maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device 1, regarding the external setting input 埠 (105, 106, 107) For the follow-up instructions.

The maximum power point tracking units 11, 12 each have a microcontroller (MCU) 111, 121. And, the maximum power point tracking unit 11 has a solar energy input port 101a for performing maximum power point tracking on the power from the solar energy input port 101a to generate electric energy PV1. The maximum power point tracking unit 12 has a solar input port 101b that performs maximum power point tracking on the power from the solar input port 101b to generate electrical energy PV2.

Next, the abnormal processing and operation of the maximum power point tracking units 11, 12 will be described. When an abnormality occurs in any of the maximum power point tracking units 11, 12, the other maximum power point tracking unit can still normally communicate with the inverter 10 and perform normal operation. When the maximum power point tracking unit 11, 12 simultaneously experiences loss or power off, the inverter main control unit 13 determines the status as solar energy by judging the communication state with the maximum power point tracking unit 11, 12. Power loss (PV loss).

The maximum power point tracking units 11, 12 can operate according to two specific conditions of the next number. Condition (1), only one of the maximum power point tracking units 11, 12 has power (power supply): it is configured as a first slave, and establishes communication with the inverter master unit 13. The relevant information is sent by the inverter main control unit 13 to the maximum power point tracking unit to turn on the normal charging mode (charging the battery 2). Moreover, the inverter master unit can repeatedly check the state of the maximum power point tracking unit at intervals (eg, two seconds). Condition (2), the maximum power point tracking unit 11 and 12 are both powered: through the competition mechanism, the first slave and the second slave are generated, and the maximum power point tracking unit that starts (generates electric energy) is the first slave. The post-starter becomes the second slave, and the inverter main control unit 13 establishes communication with the maximum power point tracking unit 11, 12 through the serial communication interface (SCI), and the inverter main control unit 13 sends the relevant message to the maximum. The power point tracking unit 11 charges the battery 2, and the inverter main control unit 13 transmits a related message to the maximum power point tracking unit 12 to charge the battery 2.

In other words, the maximum power point tracking unit 11 or 12 can perform maximum power point tracking on the solar energy after the amount of solar energy is accessed, and the maximum power point tracking Units 11, 12 are redundant designs. When one of the maximum power point tracking units is damaged or fails, it will not affect the normal communication and operation of the other maximum power point tracking unit. Moreover, the inverter main control unit 13 adjusts the charging and load power in time according to the power supply capability of the first slave and the second slave, and the setting of the charging current (set by the user).

Next, the inverter main control unit 13 will be further described. The inverter main control unit includes a DC/DC module 131, an AC/DC or DC/AC bi-directional module 132, a central controller 133 and a switch 134. The DC conversion module 131 is coupled to the maximum power point tracking unit 11, the maximum power point tracking unit 12, and the battery 13. The AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132 is coupled between the DC conversion module 131 and the load 3. The central controller 133 is coupled to the DC conversion module 131, the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132, and coupled to the maximum power point tracking unit 11 and 12 by a serial communication interface (SCI) to control the DC conversion module 131, AC and DC. The bidirectional conversion module 132 and the maximum power point tracking unit 11, 12.

For the DC conversion module 131, it receives the power output from the maximum power point tracking unit 11, 12 or the power of the battery 2, and transfers it to the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132. Alternatively, the DC conversion module 131 transmits the power from the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132 (the power of the AC PW3 of the power grid to the DC power) to the battery 2. In detail, the central controller 133 generates control signals RPP, ON/OFF to control the DC conversion module 131, and the DC conversion module 131 returns the working signals OVP, NTC to the central controller 133. The central controller 133 can be a microprocessor (MCU) or a central processing unit (CPU). The DC conversion module 131 can be a common boost converter, a buck converter, or a buck-boost converter. Generally, the foregoing control signals and feedback operation signals are well-known in the art, and are not described herein.

For the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132, it transfers power from solar energy (PV1, PV2) or battery 2 to the load 3. Alternatively, the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132 converts the AC power PW3 from the power grid 4 into DC power and supplies it to the DC conversion module 131 for charging the battery 2. In detail, the central controller 133 generates control signals PWM, ON/OFF to control the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132, and the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132 feeds the working signals OCP, OVP, and NTC to the central processing unit 133. The central controller 133 can be a microcontroller (MCU) or a central processing unit (CPU). The AC/DC bidirectional conversion module 132 and its control signals and feedback operation signals are well-known technologies in the art, and are not described again.

The switch 134 is controlled by the central controller 133 to transfer the power of the solar energy (PV1, PV2) or the battery 2 to the load 3, or to transfer the power of the grid 4 to the load (if there is no solar power or when the battery 2 is depleted).

Next, an external setting input port that allows the user to control the two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device 1 parameters will be described. The external setting input 埠 is, for example, the dry contact 105, the connection port 106, and the card slot 107 in FIG. A port 106 such as a universal serial bus (USB) or RS232 port is provided to allow the interface 106a (USB/COM) to forward external control signals to the central controller 133. In addition, the card slot 107 as an external setting input port is coupled to the central controller 133 by a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) module 107a, which can set, monitor, and manage the off-grid solar counter. The hardware of the transformer device 1 is such that when the SNMP/WEB hardware management card is inserted into the card slot 107, the connection and network settings are completed, and the user can remotely use the WEB interface to control the two-way maximum power point tracking. The grid type solar inverter device 1 includes functions such as status monitoring and setting, abnormal status notification, and the like.

[Embodiment of Control Method of Off-Grid Solar Inverter Device]

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 simultaneously. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device provided by the present embodiment. First, in step S310, after the first maximum power point tracking unit (11) and the second maximum power point tracking unit (12) generate electrical energy (PV1, PV2) from the solar panel through a competition mechanism composed of soft and hard bodies. , respectively become the first slave and the second slave. Then, in step S320, the first maximum power point tracking unit (11) and the second maximum power point tracking unit (12) respectively perform maximum power point tracking. Next, in step S330, the inverter main control unit (13) grasps the operation of the first slave and the second slave according to the handshake protocol. As a condition, the first maximum power point tracking unit (11) and the second maximum power point tracking unit (12) are redundantly controlled. The above handshake protocol can be performed through a serial communication interface (SCI). Then, in step S340, the inverter main control unit (13) leads the output power of the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit according to the load size and the charging current set by the user to satisfy the charging. And the demand for the load. Wherein, when the first solar power (PV1) and the second solar power (PV2) are not generated, the inverter main control unit (13) converts the power of the battery (2) into alternating current (PW2) to the load (3). Power supply, detailed power conversion process has been mentioned in the previous embodiment, and will not be described again.

In addition, in addition to the above steps, in the case where the two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device (1) has a power grid (4), the method further includes that the inverter main control unit (13) will connect the power grid ( 4) The alternating current (PW3) is transferred to the load (3) (becomes alternating current (PW2)) to supply power to the load (3).

In addition, in the case where the two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device (1) has a power grid (4), the method may further include, when the first solar power (PV1) and the second solar power ( When PV2) is not generated, the inverter main control unit (13) converts the alternating current (PW3) of the grid (4) into direct current (PW1) to charge the battery (2).

In addition to the above steps, the method further includes the following steps: the user controls the power of the direct current through an external setting signal. The input mode and source of the external setting signal have been mentioned in the previous embodiments, and will not be described again.

[Possible effects of the examples]

In summary, the dual maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device and the control method thereof provided by the present embodiment provide maximum power point tracking for two solar power sources, and according to the two solar energy The power is output and redundantly controlled to dynamically adjust the power conversion, thereby increasing the efficiency with which the solar panel charges the battery or powers the load. In addition, depending on the power supply conditions of the two maximum power point tracking units used, a load sharing (or balancing) function can be provided, thereby controlling the DC power supply to the battery or load.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent of the present invention.

1‧‧‧Two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device

2‧‧‧Battery

3‧‧‧load

11, 12‧‧‧ Maximum power point tracking unit

13‧‧‧Inverter main control unit

A1‧‧‧First solar panel unit

A2‧‧‧second solar panel unit

14‧‧‧Setting unit

PV1, PV2‧‧‧ electric energy

PW1‧‧‧DC

PW2‧‧‧AC

Claims (10)

A dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device includes: a first maximum power point tracking unit for coupling a first solar panel unit to generate electrical energy; and a second maximum power point tracking unit, The first solar power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit respectively generate electric energy from the first solar panel unit and the second solar panel unit. a competition mechanism composed of a combination of hardware and software to respectively become a first slave and a second slave; and an inverter master unit coupled to the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power a point tracking unit, the inverter main control unit converts the electric energy generated by the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit into a continuous current, and uses the direct current to charge a battery, and the battery is charged The power generated by the power or the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit is converted into an alternating current to be supplied to a load; The inverter main control unit performs redundancy control on the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit; wherein the inverter main control unit is based on the load size and a charging current set by the user And controlling the output power of the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit. The off-grid solar inverter device is tracked according to the two-way maximum power point of the first item of the claim, wherein the inverter main control unit comprises: a DC conversion module coupled to the first maximum power point tracking unit, the first a maximum power point tracking unit and the battery; an AC/DC bidirectional conversion module coupled between the DC conversion module and the load; and a central controller coupled to the DC conversion module and the AC and DC bidirectional The conversion module controls the DC conversion module and the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module. Tracking off-grid solar inverters according to the two-way maximum power point of item 2 of the request The device further includes: a power grid input port, receiving an AC power of the power grid, and the grid input port is coupled to the AC/DC bidirectional conversion module. The dual-channel maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device according to item 3 of the request item further includes: a setting unit coupled to the inverter main control unit to allow the user to set the charging current. According to the two-way maximum power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device of claim 2, the method further includes: an external setting input port coupled to the central controller to provide an external setting signal to control the two-way maximum Power point tracking off-grid solar inverter device. Tracking the off-grid solar inverter device according to the two-way maximum power point of claim 1, wherein the inverter main control unit connects the first maximum power point tracking unit and the first through a serial communication interface (SCI) Two maximum power point tracking unit. The off-grid solar inverter device is tracked according to the two-way maximum power point of claim 2, wherein the central controller is a microcontroller (MCU) or a central processing unit (CPU). The off-grid solar inverter device is tracked according to the two-way maximum power point of claim 1, wherein the first maximum power point tracking unit and the second maximum power point tracking unit respectively have a microcontroller. The off-grid solar inverter device is tracked according to the dual maximum power point of item 5 of the claim, wherein the external setting input port is a universal serial bus (USB), a communication interface (COM) or an RS232 port. The off-grid solar inverter device is tracked according to the dual maximum power point of claim 5, wherein the external setting input is coupled to the central controller by a simple network management protocol (SNMP) module.