TWM512452U - Cast molding device - Google Patents
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- TWM512452U TWM512452U TW104209378U TW104209378U TWM512452U TW M512452 U TWM512452 U TW M512452U TW 104209378 U TW104209378 U TW 104209378U TW 104209378 U TW104209378 U TW 104209378U TW M512452 U TWM512452 U TW M512452U
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Description
本創作係有關一種鑄鍛成型裝置，尤指一種將金屬的鑄造方法與鍛壓方法相互結合，一次性實現金屬成型，將成型流程大大縮短，並可降低生產成本之鑄鍛成型裝置。The present invention relates to a casting and forging forming apparatus, and more particularly to a casting and forging forming apparatus which combines a metal casting method and a forging method, realizes metal forming at one time, greatly shortens the molding process, and reduces the production cost.
傳統小型金屬配件會採用精密鑄造或者精密模鍛的工藝方式生產，例如運動器材(高爾夫球頭、打擊面)、殼狀結構(電子部品機殼、錶殼)、小型五金配件、汽車零組件等；其中，精密鑄造首先要製作係準備一鑄模，其設有一模穴，該模穴具有預定成品之規格；接著，將蠟液注入該鑄模之模穴以形成一蠟模；自該模穴取出該蠟模，再將該蠟模浸漿形成一高分子砂漿殼模；接著，加熱使蠟模熔化流出該陶瓷殼外模；再將融熔金屬液注入該陶瓷殼外模以形成一初胚。最後，將該初胚再經數道表面加工，即可製得預定規格之成品。Traditional small metal fittings can be produced by precision casting or precision die forging, such as sports equipment (golf head, blow surface), shell structure (electronic parts casing, case), small hardware parts, auto parts, etc. Wherein, the precision casting first prepares a mold, which is provided with a cavity having a predetermined finished product specification; then, a wax liquid is injected into the cavity of the mold to form a wax mold; and the wax mold is taken out from the mold cavity The wax mold is further dipped into a polymer mortar shell mold; then, heating is performed to melt the wax mold out of the ceramic shell outer mold; and the molten metal liquid is injected into the ceramic shell outer mold to form an initial embryo. . Finally, the initial embryo is processed through several surface processes to obtain a finished product of predetermined specifications.
其中，精密鑄造中殼模製作週期長，工藝複雜，其鑄造後的金屬表面會產生鬆散且較厚的生成物(α-Ti)，其機械強度較差，且殼模為一次性使用無法重複使用。Among them, the precision casting has a long manufacturing cycle and complicated process, and the cast metal surface will produce a loose and thick product (α-Ti), which has poor mechanical strength, and the shell mold can not be reused for one-time use. .
另外，精密模鍛方式其製程首先係選用由鍛造用碳鋼或合金鋼製成之一金屬塊，接著使該金屬塊經過數個鍛模的數次鍛壓處理。在鍛造過程中，由於各鍛模之模穴係依序一連串形成形狀變化，因此可逐漸使該金屬塊的外形輪廓同步鍛壓成對應形狀之初胚。最後，將該初胚再經數道表面加工，即可製得預定 規格之成品。In addition, the precision die forging method firstly selects a metal block made of carbon steel or alloy steel for forging, and then the metal block is subjected to several forging treatments of several forging dies. In the forging process, since the mold holes of each forging die are sequentially formed into a shape change, the outer shape of the metal block can be gradually forged into the corresponding initial embryo. Finally, the primordial embryo is processed through several surface processes to prepare a predetermined The finished product of the specification.
雖然，該鍛造成型之成品具有均勻且結構強度高等優點，但是由於鍛造過程使用過多鍛模數量，其容易導致開模及製造成本過高、不適合大量生產、不易製造複雜造型及鍛模易因施壓變形而必需經常更換等缺點。Although the forged type of finished product has the advantages of uniformity and high structural strength, since the forging process uses too many forging dies, it is easy to cause mold opening and manufacturing cost, is not suitable for mass production, is not easy to manufacture complex shapes, and is easy to manufacture. Defects such as pressure deformation and frequent replacement.
有鑑於此，本創作係在提供一種鑄鍛成型裝置，尤指一種將金屬的鑄造方法與鍛壓方法相互結合，一次性實現金屬成型，將成型流程大大縮短，並可降低生產成本之鑄鍛成型裝置，為其主要目的者。In view of this, the present invention provides a casting and forging forming device, in particular, a method of combining a metal casting method and a forging method to realize metal forming at one time, greatly shortening the molding process, and reducing the production cost of the casting and forging. Device, for its main purpose.
為達上揭目的，本創作之鑄鍛成型裝置至少包含：一熔煉室、一鑄造室、一頂壓系統及真空系統，該熔煉室係設有爐蓋、坩鍋及第一加熱單元，該第一加熱單元係對該坩鍋進行加熱，該爐蓋係供蓋合於該熔煉室上方；該鑄造室係設於該熔煉室一側，該鑄造室設有一容置空間可供容置金屬模具，另有一導管連通於該坩鍋及該容置空間；該頂壓系統係設於該鑄造室一側，其設有一控制單元、第二管路、動力單元及頂壓模桿，該第二管路分別與該控制單元及該動力單元連接，而該頂壓模桿則與該動力單元連接，由該動力單元提供該頂壓模桿朝該容置空間位移之動力；以及該真空系統分別對該熔煉室及鑄造室進行抽真空，而該真空系統係設有至少一真空泵。In order to achieve the above object, the casting and forging forming apparatus of the present invention comprises at least: a melting chamber, a casting chamber, a pressing system and a vacuum system, the melting chamber is provided with a furnace cover, a crucible and a first heating unit, The first heating unit heats the crucible for covering the upper portion of the melting chamber; the casting chamber is disposed on one side of the melting chamber, and the casting chamber is provided with a receiving space for accommodating the metal a mold, a conduit is connected to the crucible and the accommodating space; the pressing system is disposed on one side of the casting chamber, and is provided with a control unit, a second pipeline, a power unit and a top pressing ram, The second pipeline is respectively connected to the control unit and the power unit, and the pressing die is connected to the power unit, and the power unit provides the power of the pressing die to displace the receiving space; and the vacuum system The melting chamber and the casting chamber are separately evacuated, and the vacuum system is provided with at least one vacuum pump.
依據上述技術特徵，所述鑄鍛成型裝置進一步設有一氣體提供系統，係設於該熔煉室一側，其設有一儲存桶及第一管路，該第一管路係連通該儲存桶及該熔煉室，用以提供厭氧氣體至該坩鍋內。According to the above technical feature, the casting and forging device is further provided with a gas supply system, which is disposed on one side of the melting chamber, and is provided with a storage tub and a first pipeline, the first pipeline is connected to the storage tub and the A melting chamber for supplying anaerobic gas into the crucible.
依據上述技術特徵，所述真空系統係設有第一、第 二真空泵，該第一真空泵係為機械泵，可對該熔煉室及鑄造室形成低真空，該第二真空泵係為魯氏泵，可對該熔煉室及鑄造室形成高真空。According to the above technical feature, the vacuum system is provided with the first and the first The second vacuum pump is a mechanical pump, which can form a low vacuum to the melting chamber and the casting chamber. The second vacuum pump is a Rouer pump, and a high vacuum can be formed in the melting chamber and the casting chamber.
依據上述技術特徵，所述動力單元係為油壓加壓缸。According to the above technical feature, the power unit is a hydraulic pressurizing cylinder.
依據上述技術特徵，所述鑄造室進一步設有第二加熱單元。According to the above technical feature, the casting chamber is further provided with a second heating unit.
依據上述技術特徵，所述第一加熱單元係為加熱線圈，且該第一加熱單元係繞設於該坩鍋外，該第二加熱單元係為加熱線圈或熱電阻。According to the above technical feature, the first heating unit is a heating coil, and the first heating unit is disposed outside the crucible, and the second heating unit is a heating coil or a thermal resistor.
1‧‧‧熔煉室1‧‧‧smelting chamber
11‧‧‧爐蓋11‧‧‧Cover
12‧‧‧坩鍋12‧‧‧ Shabu Shabu
13‧‧‧第一加熱單元13‧‧‧First heating unit
2‧‧‧鑄造室2‧‧‧ casting room
21‧‧‧容置空間21‧‧‧ accommodating space
22‧‧‧導管22‧‧‧ catheter
3‧‧‧氣體提供系統3‧‧‧Gas supply system
31‧‧‧儲存桶31‧‧‧ storage bucket
32‧‧‧第一管路32‧‧‧First line
4‧‧‧頂壓系統4‧‧‧Pushing system
41‧‧‧控制單元41‧‧‧Control unit
42‧‧‧第二管路42‧‧‧Second line
43‧‧‧動力單元43‧‧‧Power unit
44‧‧‧頂壓模桿44‧‧‧Top pressure die
5‧‧‧真空系統5‧‧‧vacuum system
51‧‧‧第一真空泵51‧‧‧First vacuum pump
52‧‧‧第二真空泵52‧‧‧Second vacuum pump
6‧‧‧金屬模具6‧‧‧Metal mold
第1圖係為本創作中鑄鍛成型裝置之第一實施例結構示意圖。Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first embodiment of a casting and forging forming apparatus in the present invention.
第2圖係為本創作中鑄鍛成型裝置之第二實施例結構示意圖。Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the casting and forging forming apparatus of the present invention.
本創作之特點，可參閱本案圖式及實施例之詳細說明而獲得清楚地瞭解。The characteristics of this creation can be clearly understood by referring to the detailed description of the drawings and the examples.
請參閱第1圖所示為本創作鑄鍛成型裝置之第一實施例結構示意圖。首先，本創作之鑄鍛成型裝置至少包含：一熔煉室1、一鑄造室2、一頂壓系統4及真空系統5；該熔煉室1係設有爐蓋11、坩鍋12及第一加熱單元13，該第一加熱單元13係對該坩鍋12進行加熱，該爐蓋11係供蓋合於該熔煉室1上方，可將該坩鍋12封閉，該第一加熱單元13可以為加熱線圈，且該第一加熱單元13係繞設於該坩鍋12外。Please refer to FIG. 1 for a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present casting and forging forming apparatus. Firstly, the casting and forging forming apparatus of the present invention comprises at least: a melting chamber 1, a casting chamber 2, a pressing system 4 and a vacuum system 5; the melting chamber 1 is provided with a furnace cover 11, a crucible 12 and a first heating The first heating unit 13 heats the crucible 12, and the furnace cover 11 is closed to the upper of the melting chamber 1, and the crucible 12 can be closed. The first heating unit 13 can be heated. A coil is disposed, and the first heating unit 13 is disposed outside the crucible 12.
該鑄造室2係設於該熔煉室1一側，如圖所示之實施例中，該鑄造室2係位於該熔煉室1之下方，該鑄造室2設有一容置空間21可供容置金屬模具6，另有一導管22連通於該坩鍋 12及該容置空間21。而該鑄造室2進一步設有第二加熱單元(圖位示)，可對該鑄造室2進行加熱，該第二加熱單元可以為加熱線圈或熱電阻。The casting chamber 2 is disposed on the side of the melting chamber 1 . In the embodiment shown in the figure, the casting chamber 2 is located below the melting chamber 1 , and the casting chamber 2 is provided with an accommodating space 21 for accommodating a metal mold 6, and a conduit 22 is connected to the crucible 12 and the accommodating space 21. The casting chamber 2 is further provided with a second heating unit (illustration) for heating the casting chamber 2, and the second heating unit may be a heating coil or a thermal resistor.
該頂壓系統4係設於該鑄造室2一側，其設有一控制單元41、第二管路42、動力單元43及頂壓模桿44，該第二管路42分別與該控制單元41及該動力單元43連接，而該頂壓模桿44則與該動力單元43連接，由該動力單元43提供該頂壓模桿44朝該容置空間21位移之動力；其中，該頂壓系統4可以為油壓系統，而該動力單元43係為油壓加壓缸，且如圖所示之實施例中，該頂壓模桿44係位於該容置空間21之下；當然，該頂壓模桿亦可位於該容置空間之旁側。The pressing system 4 is disposed on the side of the casting chamber 2, and is provided with a control unit 41, a second conduit 42, a power unit 43, and a top pressing die 44. The second conduit 42 and the control unit 41 are respectively The power unit 43 is connected to the power unit 43 , and the power unit 43 is connected to the power unit 43 . The power unit 43 provides the power of the pressing mold 44 to be displaced toward the accommodating space 21 . 4 may be a hydraulic system, and the power unit 43 is a hydraulic pressure cylinder, and in the embodiment shown in the figure, the pressing mold 44 is located below the accommodating space 21; of course, the top The die bar can also be located beside the accommodating space.
該真空系統5係分別與該熔煉室1及鑄造室2連接，其分別對該熔煉室1及鑄造室2進行抽真空，而該真空系統5係設有至少一真空泵，如圖所示之實施例中，該真空系統5係設有第一、第二真空泵51、52，該第一真空泵51係為機械泵，可對該熔煉室1及鑄造室2形成低真空，該第二真空泵52係為魯氏泵，可對該熔煉室1及鑄造室2形成高真空；其中，利用該第一、第二真空泵51、52相互串聯使用，可取得大排氣量且高真空度之系統。The vacuum system 5 is connected to the melting chamber 1 and the casting chamber 2, respectively, and vacuums the melting chamber 1 and the casting chamber 2, and the vacuum system 5 is provided with at least one vacuum pump, as shown in the figure. In the example, the vacuum system 5 is provided with first and second vacuum pumps 51 and 52. The first vacuum pump 51 is a mechanical pump, and a low vacuum can be formed in the melting chamber 1 and the casting chamber 2, and the second vacuum pump 52 is In the case of the Rouer pump, a high vacuum can be formed in the melting chamber 1 and the casting chamber 2, and a system having a large displacement and a high vacuum can be obtained by using the first and second vacuum pumps 51 and 52 in series.
如第2圖之第二實施例所示，本創作之鑄緞成型裝置可進一步設有一氣體提供系統3，其係設於該熔煉室1一側，其設有一儲存桶31及第一管路32，該第一管路32係連通該儲存桶31及該熔煉室1，用以提供厭氧氣體至該坩鍋12內，該厭氧氣體係為氬氣或氮氣。As shown in the second embodiment of FIG. 2, the cast satin forming apparatus of the present invention may further be provided with a gas supply system 3, which is disposed on one side of the melting chamber 1, and is provided with a storage tank 31 and a first pipeline. 32. The first pipeline 32 is connected to the storage tank 31 and the melting chamber 1 for supplying anaerobic gas into the crucible 12. The anaerobic system is argon or nitrogen.
本創作之鑄鍛成型裝置使用時，先提供一金屬模具6，並將該金屬模具6組裝至該鑄造室2之容置空間21內。提供 一坩鍋12，並將該坩鍋12組裝至該熔煉室1，且裝填一金屬物料(圖未示)於該坩鍋12內，再將該爐蓋11蓋合於該熔煉室1上方，而將該坩鍋12封閉，並利用該真空系統5對該坩鍋12內進行抽真空，其真空度0.3×10-1 Pa~1.0×10-1 Pa，本創作利用至少一真空泵(例如機械泵及魯氏泵)，可由不同之真空泵之抽真空能力相互搭配，可達成高真空或低真空之需求；而裝填於坩鍋內之金屬物料可為鈦、鈦合金(例如可為64鈦)、鋁合金或不銹鋼。When the casting and forging forming apparatus of the present invention is used, a metal mold 6 is first provided, and the metal mold 6 is assembled into the accommodating space 21 of the casting chamber 2. A crucible 12 is provided, and the crucible 12 is assembled to the melting chamber 1 and filled with a metal material (not shown) in the crucible 12, and the furnace cover 11 is covered above the melting chamber 1 The crucible 12 is closed, and the inside of the crucible 12 is evacuated by the vacuum system 5, and the degree of vacuum is 0.3×10 -1 Pa~1.0×10 -1 Pa. The present invention utilizes at least one vacuum pump (for example, The mechanical pump and the Rouer pump can be matched by the vacuum pumping capacity of different vacuum pumps to achieve high vacuum or low vacuum; and the metal material filled in the crucible can be titanium or titanium alloy (for example, 64 titanium) ), aluminum alloy or stainless steel.
再利用第二加熱單元加熱該金屬模具6，使其溫度為40℃至500℃。當坩鍋內之真空度達0.3×10-1 Pa~1.0×10-1 Pa時，則停止該真空系統5對該坩鍋12抽真空。藉由該氣體提供系統3提供厭氧氣體至該坩鍋12內；此時，該坩鍋12在真空度達0.3×10-1 Pa~1.0×10-1 Pa後，其坩鍋12內充滿厭氧氣體(可以為氬氣或氮氣)，讓該坩鍋內形成無氧環境，在後續加熱步驟時，可防止容置於坩鍋12內之金屬物料形成氧化。The metal mold 6 is further heated by a second heating unit to have a temperature of 40 ° C to 500 ° C. When the degree of vacuum in the crucible reaches 0.3 × 10 -1 Pa to 1.0 × 10 -1 Pa, the vacuum system 5 is stopped to evacuate the crucible 12. An anaerobic gas is supplied to the crucible 12 by the gas supply system 3; at this time, the crucible 12 is filled in the crucible 12 after the vacuum degree reaches 0.3×10 -1 Pa to 1.0×10 -1 Pa. The anaerobic gas (which may be argon or nitrogen) forms an oxygen-free environment in the crucible, and prevents oxidation of the metal material contained in the crucible 12 during the subsequent heating step.
之後，利用第一加熱單元13加熱該坩鍋12，加熱溫度達到該金屬物料之熔點，以將該金屬物料形成熔融狀。例如，若置放於坩鍋內之金屬物料為鈦合金，則加熱溫度須達1600℃至1800℃，才得以將金屬物料完全形成熔融狀。利用該真空系統5對該鑄造室之金屬模具6進行抽真空，其真空度係達0.3×10-1 Pa~1.0×10-1 Pa，可讓金屬模具6形成無氧環境。Thereafter, the crucible 12 is heated by the first heating unit 13, and the heating temperature reaches the melting point of the metal material to melt the metal material. For example, if the metal material placed in the crucible is titanium alloy, the heating temperature must be 1600 ° C to 1800 ° C to completely melt the metal material. The metal mold 6 of the casting chamber is evacuated by the vacuum system 5, and the degree of vacuum is 0.3 × 10 -1 Pa to 1.0 × 10 -1 Pa, which allows the metal mold 6 to form an oxygen-free environment.
最後，將坩鍋12內熔融狀之金屬物料經由該導管22充填至該金屬模具6。此時，熔融狀之金屬物料其溫度較高(若為鈦合金其溫度達約1600℃至1800℃)，而充填至該金屬模具6後，因金屬模具6之溫度為40℃至500℃，具有降溫作用讓金屬物料形成半固態，而完成鑄造工序。之後，再啟動該頂壓系統4對該金屬模具6進行鍛造成型，利用該控制單元41控制該動力單元 43，使該頂壓模桿44朝該金屬模具6位移並提供壓力，以完成半固態成品。其中，該控制單元41可控制動力單元43施加的壓力及時間之設定及調整。Finally, the molten metal material in the crucible 12 is filled into the metal mold 6 via the conduit 22. At this time, the molten metal material has a relatively high temperature (if the temperature of the titanium alloy is about 1600 ° C to 1800 ° C), and after filling the metal mold 6, the temperature of the metal mold 6 is 40 ° C to 500 ° C, The cooling process is performed to make the metal material form a semi-solid state, and the casting process is completed. After that, the pressing system 4 is restarted to forge the metal mold 6, and the power unit is controlled by the control unit 41. 43. Displace the pressing die 44 toward the metal mold 6 and provide pressure to complete the semi-solid finished product. The control unit 41 can control the setting and adjustment of the pressure and time applied by the power unit 43.
待冷卻後則完成成品。其中，本創作所應用之產品運動器材(高爾夫球頭、打擊面)、殼狀結構(電子部品機殼、錶殼)、小型五金配件、汽車零組件等，且藉由本創作之成形裝置，不僅在鑄造工序中熔融及冷卻金屬物料時，提供無氧環境，更在鍛造成型亦提供了無氧環境，可確保金屬物料在鑄造及鍛造成型過程中不會形成氧化，讓成品不易因氧化而形成鬆散的生成物，可提升成品之機械強度及延伸性。After cooling, the finished product is completed. Among them, the product sports equipment (golf head, blow surface), shell structure (electronic parts casing, case), small hardware parts, automobile parts, etc., which are applied by the creation, and the forming device of the present invention, When melting and cooling metal materials in the casting process, it provides an oxygen-free environment, and also provides an oxygen-free environment in the forging type, which ensures that the metal material does not form oxidation during casting and forging, and the finished product is not easily formed by oxidation. Loose products that increase the mechanical strength and extensibility of the finished product.
綜上所述，本創作提供一較佳可行之鑄鍛成型裝置，爰依法提呈新型專利之申請；本創作之技術內容及技術特點巳揭示如上，然而熟悉本項技術之人士仍可能基於本創作之揭示而作各種不背離本案創作精神之替換及修飾。因此，本創作之保護範圍應不限於實施例所揭示者，而應包括各種不背離本創作之替換及修飾，並為以下之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。In summary, the present invention provides a better and feasible casting and forging forming device, and submits a new patent application according to law; the technical content and technical features of the present invention are disclosed above, but those familiar with the technology may still be based on this The creation of the creation and the various changes and modifications that do not depart from the creative spirit of the case. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed, but includes various alternatives and modifications that do not depart from the present invention and are covered by the following claims.
1‧‧‧熔煉室1‧‧‧smelting chamber
11‧‧‧爐蓋11‧‧‧Cover
12‧‧‧坩鍋12‧‧‧ Shabu Shabu
13‧‧‧第一加熱單元13‧‧‧First heating unit
2‧‧‧鑄造室2‧‧‧ casting room
21‧‧‧容置空間21‧‧‧ accommodating space
22‧‧‧導管22‧‧‧ catheter
4‧‧‧頂壓系統4‧‧‧Pushing system
41‧‧‧控制單元41‧‧‧Control unit
42‧‧‧第二管路42‧‧‧Second line
43‧‧‧動力單元43‧‧‧Power unit
44‧‧‧頂壓模桿44‧‧‧Top pressure die
5‧‧‧真空系統5‧‧‧vacuum system
51‧‧‧第一真空泵51‧‧‧First vacuum pump
52‧‧‧第二真空泵52‧‧‧Second vacuum pump
6‧‧‧金屬模具6‧‧‧Metal mold
Claims (11)
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| TW104209378U TWM512452U (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2015-06-11 | Cast molding device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW104209378U TWM512452U (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2015-06-11 | Cast molding device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TWM512452U true TWM512452U (en) | 2015-11-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| Country | Link |
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| TW (1) | TWM512452U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI604061B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-11-01 | Hsu-Yang Technologies Co Ltd | Alloy manufacturing method and an alloy manufacturing equipment |
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2015
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI604061B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-11-01 | Hsu-Yang Technologies Co Ltd | Alloy manufacturing method and an alloy manufacturing equipment |
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